Islamic Background Research Articles

Child sexual grooming: Listening to victims in Jordan.

Child sexual grooming: Listening to victims in Jordan.

Examining “Bossman” Dynamics: Family Communication among Married Women in Nigeria's Predominant Religions

Despite advancements in understanding gender roles and family dynamics, significant gaps remain in how these dynamics operate within diverse religious contexts in Nigeria. This study aims to investigate the influence of the 'Bossman' factor, which encompasses diverse gender roles (Breadwinner, Overall decision-maker, Shared power, Supportive husband, Male authority, and Nurturer), on family communication among married women from Christian and Islamic backgrounds. Using a qualitative approach and employing thematic analysis, focus group discussions (FGDs) were conducted with ten married women five Muslims from the central Mosque, Uwani, Enugu State, and five Christians from the Redeemed Christian Church of God (RCCG) Province Five Headquarters, Trans-Ekulu, Enugu State. The findings reveal that the “Bossman” factor significantly influences decision-making processes, particularly in financial matters, and is associated with hierarchical power dynamics. Communication patterns varied from directive to collaborative styles, depending on perceived roles within the “Bossman” factor. Conflicting perceptions among participants highlighted subjective experiences within different gender roles. The study concludes that promoting egalitarian decision-making, facilitating open communication, and challenging traditional gender norms are crucial for fostering healthier family dynamics. These findings contribute to the understanding of gender roles and family communication in diverse cultural and religious settings, offering valuable implications for policymakers, practitioners, and scholars focused on enhancing family well-being.

Banks’ financial performance analysis: an experience from an Islamic economy

Purpose This study aims to analyze the performance efficiency of private commercial banks in Iran as an Islamic economy. Design/methodology/approach A meticulously chosen sample comprising 15 private banks from 2020 to 2023 has been examined. This study uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) models, specifically the Constant Returns to Scale (CCR) with input orientation and the Variable Returns to Scale (BCC) with input orientation, to scrutinize performance efficiency relative to the banking sector’s average efficiency ratio. Findings The findings indicate that the performance of decision making units is superior in BCC models when determined with CCR models. The CCR-I analysis spanning 2020–2023 reveals that only two banks consistently demonstrated full efficiency performance, attaining a 100% efficiency score across all years. The observed fluctuations in banks’ efficiency performance are attributed to disparities between the growth or reduction in inputs and the corresponding augmentation or diminution in outputs. Research limitations/implications This paper has some limitations. First, selecting inputs and outputs for the DEA models is crucial, as this study’s results are sensitive to these choices. Second, this research focused exclusively on the efficiency of private banks and did not assess the efficiency of governmental banks. Practical implications The insights from this study can be valuable for bank managers in evaluating performance, regulators in maintaining financial stability and investors and market analysts in enhancing their investment strategies through bank performance analysis. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first to propose a framework for evaluating and forecasting commercial bank performance in an Islamic background. This model for prediction performance would be helpful for future research on the banking sector. In addition to improving Islamic banking literature, this research contributes to the literature regarding the analysis methods usually used.

Narrating Diasporic Religion and Postsecular Identity in Tahar Ben Jelloun’s A Palace in the Old Village

Inspired by Western secular literary tradition, many diasporic writers in the Maghreb in general and in Morocco in particular did not include religious or spiritual themes in their literary works, as compared to the valorized ones of race, class and gender. Much of Maghrebian fiction, primarily written by immigrant writers of Islamic background who adopt secular perspectives that are often critical of Islam, has depicted religion, especially Islam, in negative terms. Tahar Ben Jelloun is one of those writers who are criticized for being self-orientalizing authors who ‘prostitute’ their works to their Western audience. But, Tahar Ben Jelloun is misunderstood by the majority of his readers. In this article, using postsecularism and secular spirituality as analytical tools, I will explore the postsecular identity and diasporic religion in Tahar Ben Jelloun’s A Palace in the Old Village. Reading the novel from a postsecular perspective and more specifically from a secular spiritual perspective, I will show that Tahar Ben Jelloun is neither self-orientalizing Islam nor celebrating French secularism. Instead, he is upholding postsecular values and diasporic consciousness by negotiating instances of extremism and communalism that mark the failures of both organized religion and Eurocentric secularism. Indeed, Ben Jelloun presents Islam as faith, as a spiritual practice; a diasporic religiosity which is not associated with any political doctrine or organization.

The Frame of Islam in Multicultural Education at Kinderglobe Kindergarten

This research is based on recognizing the Islamic concept of multiculturalism and multicultural coaching in Kinderglobe Kindergarten, where the people involved in the kindergarten (principals and teachers) have a thick Islamic background and experience. This research aims to know the pattern of multicultural development and religious reasons used in multicultural development at Kinderglobe Kindergarten. This qualitative case study, using an analytic descriptive method, was conducted at Kinderglobe Kindergartens in two locations, in Pamulang Tangerang Selatan City of Banten Province and Gunung Sindur of Bogor Regency. Data were collected using observation, interviews, and documentation. They were analyzed using the interactive model of Miles et al., i.e., data collection, data condensation, data display, and conclusion. The data, then, were validated using the triangulation technique. The results showed that multicultural coaching was implemented intentionally and planned through the activities in the class (curricular) and outside the class (non-curricular). For religious reasons, multiculturalism is part of Islamic values, and practicing multicultural education is part of da'wa bil hal. This da’wa bil hal is also called multicultural da’wa because it is practiced in a multicultural society. The research implies that da’wa bil hal must be implemented in children's education because it is fundamental to develop their personality in a plural society.

Islamic Economic Values of Traders in Traditional Markets in Riau, Indonesia

This article aims to study the ethics and values of Islamic economics in traders who still survive selling in traditional markets. The exploration of Islamic economic values and ethics as the theme of the study is motivated by the assumption that the trade order has shifted to a modern direction and partly results in the loss of ethics and values in several trading transaction systems. This research is a field study at several traditional markets in Tembilahan, Indragiri Hilir, Riau, an area called "Negeri Seribu Parit". The analysis uses a descriptive-qualitative approach from observation data, documentation, and interviews. The results showed that the traders in the Tembilahan traditional market had diverse ethnic backgrounds; where there was a majority of Malays from the Riau area, some were Minangkabau, then there were the Bugis, Makasar, Banjar Borneo, and what was unique was that there were very few Javanese. Even so, so far, the Javanese are very much found in several regions of Indonesia. Many traders in the Tembilahan traditional market still practice Islamic economic values and ethics. First, most of these diverse ethnic groups have an Islamic background, so understanding and teachings are still inherent in every behavior. Second, traditional markets that still survive are classified into different segments, such as the fish market, dawn market, squat market, and others, so that the value of competition in the modern market often "allows all means" to get as much profit as possible can still be controlled by the association of traders, and the local government.

The Role of The Islamic Conference Organization and Expectations of The Future Role

The Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC) is the foundation of Muslims in various dimensions of life. This research aims to identify the role of OIC globally. This research uses qualitative methods with a descriptive approach and a literature study. Research reference data was obtained from journals and reference books related to the role of the OIC. The study's results found ten dimensions of the OIC's role globally: politics, tourism, Islamic diplomacy, conflict resolution, humanity, cooperation for development, human rights, Islamic finance, world peace, and the development of science and technology. The OIC, as an association of countries with an Islamic background, needs to increase its role globally as a solution to various dimensions of problems experienced by OIC members. The implication is that in the future, we need to play an optimal role in population, poverty alleviation, finance, Islamic microfinance, halal economy, humanity and human resources.

Western Concept of Nationalism and Islamic Concept of Nationalism: An Ideological and Philosophical Critique and Analysis

Western nationalism is a modern concept that gave birth to nation-states but because of its dynamic vitality, it is often considered to be a very old concept. Currently all the states are the result of the concept of Western nationalism. Owing to its significance and occasionally all-encompassing nature, it is erroneously believed to have a constant influence on political behavior. One could argue that the American and French revolutions were the first truly potent examples of nationalism. In this concept of Nationalism well defined common territory, race, culture, language, sovereign government, and above all commonalities of interests have got a pivotal role. The Western concept of Nationalism confuses the intellect of the students of history with Islamic background because the Islamic concept of Nationalism has different connotations. This research is Qualitative based on content, discourse and thematic analysis having empirical nature. The main argument of the study is that, the two concepts are entirely different having different backgrounds and different philosophies. Key Words: Nation, Nationalism, Nation-State, Western, Islamic

The Integration of Islamic and Cultural Values in English Teaching

Teaching English is closely related to learning Western culture; however, it is only sometimes about using the same material. As the country with the largest Muslim population in the world, Indonesia must play a role in integrating Islamic values into learning, mainly English as a foreign language. This study aimed to reveal the integration of Islamic and cultural values in English teaching to Islamic university students. This descriptive qualitative used semi-structured interviews and observation to gather the data. There were 42 students, and one lecturer was chosen using purposive sampling as the participants. The findings showed that integrating Islamic and cultural values helps students understand English more easily. Furthermore, it also supports students with an Islamic background. In addition, the observation result proves that students speaking, listening, translation, reading, and vocabulary achievement is outstanding during the observation. This current research strongly contributes to the literature on research about integrating Islamic values into language teaching. However, the cultural values that showed up are Islamic cultural values. Further research focusing on Local cultural integration in teaching English may be enlightening.

Challenging Patriarchy: Moroccan Women and Political Leadership

This paper studies the involvement of Moroccan women in political leadership in the light of the new family code and constitution. It starts with analyzing Fatima Mernissi’s the Forgotten Queens of Islam to refute the belief that Muslim women were never political leaders and can never be. Then, it examines the perspective of the Party for Justice and Development toward the engagement of women as leaders since the latter is a party with an Islamic background leading the Moroccan government from 2011 to 2021. Finally, the research investigates the Moroccan school programs’ representation of women as politicians in history and civic education from the fourth to the ninth grade. This study is urgent because it attempts to understand why Moroccan women are still uncapable of reaching higher political positions though the efforts Morocco is taking to facilitate their integration into politics. The feminist political approach is used in this article since it is concerned with critiquing inequality and political subordination of women while the content analysis method is utilized in investigating the reasons why women are not engaged as political leaders. The research concludes that the Moroccan sociopolitical conditions directly contribute in hindering women from reaching higher political positions.

Media Gerak dan Lagu dalam Menanamkan Nilai-nilai Agama dan Moral pada Anak Usia Dini

This research is motivated by the importance of instilling religious and moral values in children to protect them from the threat of moral degradation that occurs along with modernization. To achieve this goal, one of the approaches used is learning to use motion media and songs. This study aims to discover the stages passed and the benefits of using motion media and songs in learning to instill religious and moral values in early childhood. The type of research used in this research is qualitative with a case study approach. The location of this research is in Al-Hikmah Kindergarten and Al-Quds Kindergarten, Samarinda City. Data collection techniques used are interviews, observation, and documentation. The data analysis technique used is a single-site analysis by condensing data, making data displays, and verifying and drawing conclusions. The results showed that at TK Al-Hikmah, the planning stage was carried out by recruiting teachers who were competent and had a strong Islamic background. The implementation stage is carried out by singing songs about getting to know angels, getting to know the 25 Prophets, and getting to know the obligatory nature of Allah. The results obtained in the kindergarten are forming new positive behaviors or habits in children. As for the Al-Quds Kindergarten, the planning stage is carried out by strictly selecting teachers and preparing songs to be sung with children. The implementation stage is carried out by singing songs that recognize body parts and prepositions in Arabic and clap ablution. The perceived benefits are that it can stimulate children's motor movements and help to introduce religious and moral aspects to children.

حقوق نسواں کی عصری تحریکیں اور ان کے مقاصد کا ناقدانہ جائزہ

The Progressive Feminists think that all human are equal, the up and down of classes is harmful for Humanity, and Women cannot enjoy freedom in the Capitalism. End of exploiter and oppressions against women, their equal rights as humans, equal chances for education and to make ideology in Philosophy are the main objectives of World Feminist Movements. To perform their duties and gain the rights as the teaching s of Islam are the objectives of faithful women in Muslims. There are also many types of Feminist Movements in Pakistan. Some movements have the objectives of women’s empowerment through politics and legislations. These movements are struggling for women’s equal rights in the society. Most of them want Secularism to ensure their objectives. The implement of Islamic teachings is the objective of such women who have the Islamic background. Muslim women should be aware that the objectives of the Western Feminist Movement are leading to Antichrist. To obey the West is the loss of this life and the next life after death, as it is foretold by the Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). It is a narrative research about the worldwide Feminist movements and in Pakistan and about their objectives. The objectives of contemporary Feminist movements are analyzed and criticized in this article.

Factors Influencing Charitable Giving in Malaysia: An Islamic Perspective

Purpose ― This study aims to discover how Islam, as a religion, influences its believers to contribute in the form of gifts, donations or charity, generally referred to as tabarruʿ. Design/Methodology/Approach ― Structural equation modelling analysis was used to investigate the online questionnaire responses from 402 Muslims who have contributed to charity. Findings ― The study finds that only targhīb (reward) and tarhīb (threat) have a significant positive relationship with tabarruʿ, while iḥsān (excellence) and ukhūwah (brotherhood)―despite showing positive influence―are not significant. It also highlights that the influences of targhīb and tarhīb are more robust when the respondent has a higher level of education. Originality/Value ― To the best of the authors’ knowledge, only a few studies on the influence of religion on charitable behaviour have been carried out. So far, no study has looked at the determining variables from the standpoint of Islam. Research Limitations/Implications ― Due to constraints of time and research funding, the sample population was not drawn from all states in Malaysia. The sample was restricted to Malaysians in Sabah, Malaysia. Practical Implications ― This study highlights that non-profit organisations in Malaysia, especially those from an Islamic background, should be able to organise their fundraising strategies with an emphasis on the factors of targhīb and tarhīb.

Competitive strategy of halal tourism in Riau: opportunities and challenges

The halal tourism sector is currently a hot issue that is still being studied from various scientific approaches. Therefore, this study aims to systematically analyze the SWOT analysis of the results of identifying various internal and external factors of halal tourism in Riau Province. Then it is used in formulating a marketing strategy for halal tourism in Riau Province to achieve sustainable competitive advantage. The respondents of this study consisted of six people selected by the purposive sampling technique. The potential for unique values and originality from the historical background of Islam and Islamic Malay culture in Riau Province becomes a strong potential in responding to competition challenges in the halal tourism business sector. Observations, interviews, and documentation are used in collecting research data. The results of this study contribute to the determination of strategies for the growth and development of halal tourism in Riau Province to be increasingly competitive. Availability of Halal Certified and Availability of Islamic History and Cultural Attractions Based on Local Wisdom as an internal strengths can grow and develop as opportunity. Transportation connectivity is not optimal as a weakness need to develop in internal factor. Communication network need to grow and develop for gaining the threat.

A Comprehensive Examination of the Concept of Women Rights in Islam, along with a Concise Comparative Analysis of Legal Systems in other Nations: Exploring the Clash of Narratives

This paper intends to offer a thorough and comprehensive examination of the concept of women rights, considering various perspectives and conducting comparative analysis with the legal philosophy of other nations. The research examines conflicting myths about women rights within Islamic societies, seeking to put light on the relevant complexities. By analysing the ideologies, interpretations and cultural impacts, this research seeks to present a cogent review of the concept of women rights. The significance of this study lies in its contribution to a better understanding of the complexities surrounding the concept of women rights in Islamic civilizations, and how they differ from legal frameworks of other nations. By conducting this interdisciplinary analysis, the research offers valuable insights towards the evolving nature of women rights within Islamic background and facilitates a deeper appreciation of the resemblances and differences across various legal frameworks. In conclusion, this study emphasizes the need for a true understanding of women's rights in Islam and the importance of contextualizing them within the broader global discourse. The study contributes to a more informed and inclusive dialogue on women rights and gender equality, fostering an environment conducive to respectful engagement and constructive reform. The study has adopted the doctrinal method of research.

Converting to pre-Islamic glory: historiography and national identity in the narratives of Iranian Christian converts in Denmark

ABSTRACT A widely accepted view in the scholarship on religious conversion is that converting to a new religion involves a process of biographic reconstruction. However, conversion may also involve a reconstruction of other kinds of pasts. The article presents a study of Iranian immigrants in Denmark who, coming from an Islamic background, converted to Christianity. For these Iranians, conversion did not only entail a reinterpretation of their individual pasts, but also a narrative construction of Iranian history in which Islam plays the role of an alien and contaminating force. For these converts, leaving Islam and embracing Christianity was not seen as the rejection of an Iranian heritage or identity but rather as a way of reconnecting with a pre-Islamic golden age that harbored the essence of authentic Iranian culture. The article explores how conversion to Christianity can be a multifaceted project involving simultaneous and closely intertwined negotiations of both individual biographic and historical-national pasts.

Sanak Value in Women’s Land Inheritance Rights: Case Study on Women Inheritance Land Rights in Karangpakuan, Sumedang, West Java

Karangpakuan Village is one of the villages in Sumedang, West Java, which territory was broken up into multiple parts by the government, as part of its land was submerged in the framework of the creation of the Jatigede Reservoir. Karangpakuan Village is one of the traditional Sunda Priangan villages, in which traditional customary inheritance norms based on bilateral kinship values are still practiced – despite the Islamic background of the community. These bilateral kinship values influence inheritance practices as these are not based on gender, but divided equally while considering other criteria, such as the number of children in the family and the role someone plays in the family. Using a qualitative-ethnographic research method, this article discusses the relationship between bilateral kinship values and customary inheritance practices in Karangpakuan Village. In addition, this article touches upon the issue of how parents reproduce bilateral kinship norms within a Muslim context.

From Religious to Ethnic Minorities: The Cultural and Social Integration of Pomaks into Post-Ottoman Turkey

This article traces the cultural and social integration of Pomaks into post-Ottoman Turkey and the controversy over their ‘Turkishness’. Current scholarship on early republican nationalism is particularly interested in the importance of the imperial legacy in nation-building in the early republic period. Scholars discuss that the Ottoman legacy of the millet system was vital to the formation of Turkish identity because the republican elites continued to accept Muslim immigrants from the Balkans due to their Islamic background. A closer analysis of primary sources with a focus on Pomak-speaking immigrants, however, reveals not only the challenges that their cultural assimilation posed for the government but also competing versions of Turkishness within intellectual and political circles. This article argues for a complex understanding of relations between immigration and nationalism, which shows that the public acceptance of Pomaks as Turks depended on domestic factors, such as linguistic nationalism and security concerns.

The Marketization of Educational Institutions in Increasing Sales Value at Nahdlatul Ulama Vocational High School

SMK NU Purworejo is a vocational school with an Islamic background under the auspices of the Nahdlatul Ulama organization. Over the past few years, the school has experienced ups and downs in the number of new students. This study examines the marketing strategy of education at SMK NU Bener Purworejo. This research aimed to find out the marketing strategies and results of the SMK NU Bener Purworejo in recruiting new students. This research used a qualitative descriptive design. Research results showed that marketing strategies and results carried out by SMK NU Bener varied greatly, including visiting community leaders, advertising media through distributing brochures and installation of 'banners' at strategic locations, school sports competitions, word of mouth, and socializing with junior high school (MTs/SMP). However, the marketing results are still far from expectations. Therefore the school is necessary to rebrand educational marketing strategies relevant to the current era to achieve the expected targets and combine offline and online marketing strategies that align with the digital era.

THE STRUGGLE BETWEEN ROMANCE AND FAITH: STUDY OF THE DA'WAH MESSAGE IN THE MOVIE "AJARI AKU ISLAM"

The form of Islamic da'wah is currently very rapidly advancing, as is the use of its da'wah media. Da'wah symbols are made more interesting for everyone. In the past, da’wah was delivered through events such as recitation or other formal educational events. One form of media used for da’wah is through film work. In 2019 the national film industry was enlivened by films with islamic themes. A film called “Ajari Aku Islam” carrying the theme of love wrapped in islamic background. In addition to being a means of entertainment, this film also contains messages of da’wah. By packaging da'wah in films, it is hoped that it can be a solution to improve the religious community. Combining pop themes or those currently favored by the community is also very useful for making films containing da'wah that can attract the attention of the audience. Attractive da'wah packaging is very much needed by today's people who really prioritize taste. The researcher uses a descriptive qualitative approach to reveal the message in the film that has been reviewed with semiotic theory. This paper found that maintaining faith is very important for Muslims and places faith above all else.The film combines Islamic da'wah wrapped in a romance story of teenagers of different religions. There was a very important da'wah message, one of them is as Muslims we must always maintain our faith until we die. Maintaining faith and Islam is very important for Muslims to do in any condition.