Inventory Vehicle Research Articles

Optimization Method for Urban Rail Transit Transportation Organization Mode Based on Virtual Grouping

The continuous development of urban rail transit networks has highlighted the mismatch between passenger demand and transportation capacity, necessitating more flexible transportation organization models. To achieve a more agile train operation organization, this paper employs “virtual grouping” technology to reduce running intervals and increase density, thereby maximizing line capacity, enhancing the service level of urban rail transit, and facilitating greater flexibility in various transportation organization modes, such as long and short routes, fast and slow trains, and Y-shaped routes. Initially, a transportation organization mode for virtual grouping trains was devised, leading to the establishment of an optimization model for the operation plan of large and small routes based on virtual grouping. Subsequently, considering the operation of large and small routes, virtual grouping, and stop-stop modes, the peak period of a specific urban rail transit line was selected as the research object. The objective was to minimize the weighted sum of passenger waiting time, vehicle mileage, and the number of online train sets. Decision variables included the starting and ending points of large and small routes, as well as their departure frequency. Taking into account constraints such as departure frequency, line capacity, virtual grouping intervals, full load rate, and vehicle inventory, a bi-level optimization model for the train operation plan was formulated. A nested genetic algorithm was devised to determine the optimal solution for the model. Lastly, using the operating conditions of Shijiazhuang Metro Line 1, the optimal results for passenger waiting time, vehicle mileage, and the number of train sets in the optimal train operation plan were obtained.

Developing an hourly-resolution well-to-wheel carbon dioxide emission inventory of electric vehicles

Developing an hourly-resolution well-to-wheel carbon dioxide emission inventory of electric vehicles

A Rural Transit Vehicle Management System and Condition Predictor Model

A Rural Transit Vehicle Management System and Condition Predictor Model

DRONES IN WAR OF UKRAINE WITH RUSSIA

The war in Ukraine is not a first military conflict where the unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV) are used. Due to numerous publications presented mainly by the Ukrainian side the world almost in real time can receive information and video pictures illustrating their operational efficiency. The purpose of the paper is to investigate the inventory of unmanned vehicles used by two fighting sides and describe the results of their use from the beginning of the conflict until the end of August, 2022.

Fraud likelihood determinants in the road toll collection system in Cameroon

The study set out to investigate fraud likelihood determinants in the road toll collection system in Cameroon. The specific objectives were to examine fraud likelihood determinants in the management of road toll ticket production, inventory of vehicles accessing tollgates, sale of road toll tickets, physical security of money collected at the tollgate, and physical security of money conveyed to the public treasury. The poor physical state of toll roads in Cameroon points to the degree to which toll collections are used in road maintenance. The roads are usually plagued with potholes and poor or no road signs leading to deadly road accidents. The researcher collected data through a questionnaire, and regressed using a summation model. The findings revealed that toll ticket production, ticket sales, and physical security of money at tollgates have crucial internal control weaknesses that create fraud opportunities. It was therefore recommended that manual tollgate systems be converted to electronic systems so as to cut down on tollgate traffic congestions and secure more road toll cash inflow for road maintenance. The second recommendation was that toll fee collections be visibly seen by tollgate actors to be used for road maintenance when they use good roads. In this way, their road ethics increases while road toll evasion reduces. The third recommendation was that government fight against corruption and fraud should moves from rhetoric to action. Lastly, monitoring and impromptu audits at tollgates be instituted and activated.

Optimization of the Location, Inventory and Routing of Capacity Vehicles with Interval Uncertainty

In today’s industrial world, manufacturing units are trying to reduce their costs by properly locating the warehouses they need as well as routing vehicles to transport manufactured goods to these warehouses. In fact, the inventory-routing location model is an integrated supply chain design model that simultaneously optimizes location, inventory, and routing decisions. The purpose of this paper is to provide an integrated model for locating warehouses, allocating stores to warehouses, and finding inventory at the end of the course and routing decisions such as determining the routes of vehicles starting from a distribution center opened to serve customers. Eventually return to the same distribution center; in such a way that the total system costs are minimized. The model is formulated as a mixed integer linear programming model (MILP) and a robust optimization approach has been used to optimize the problem under uncertainty conditions. To solve the model and demonstrate its feasibility, GAMS software and to compare the results of the software MATLAB is used.

Emission factors and emission inventory of diesel vehicles in Nepal

Emission factors and emission inventory of diesel vehicles in Nepal

Urban form, land use, and cover change and their impact on carbon emissions in the Monterrey Metropolitan area, Mexico

Urban form, land use, and cover change and their impact on carbon emissions in the Monterrey Metropolitan area, Mexico

DEVELOPMENT OF PRODUCTION WAKAF FOR POVERTY REDUCTION IN CIAMIS DISTRICT

This study aims to analyze the development of productive waqf to reduce poverty levels in Ciamis Regency. The research method used is empirical research. Data were collected through interviews and documentation studies. The results showed that (1) the management carried out by Nazhir used the POAC method (Planning, Organizing, Acting, Controlling) in order to achieve what was expected by the wakif so that the waqf property was utilized in accordance with its purpose; (2) implementation of waqf development through the establishment of mini markets. Until now, it has started to develop with the opening of a canteen near the area of educational institutions, laundry, and already has an inventory of two-wheeled vehicles. To increase productivity, a poverty alleviation model is currently being developed through scholarships for underprivileged and orphaned students. The obstacles faced in optimizing the program are limited capital, low competence of human resources

Uncovering impact factors of carbon emissions from transportation sector: evidence from China’s Yangtze River Delta Area

Transportation sector contributes a significant proportion to the overall carbon emission. This paper aims at measuring the impact factors of the transportation sector’s carbon emission in China’s Yangtze River Delta Area (YRDA) so that mitigation strategies on promoting low-carbon transportation can be raised. The partial least squares method and an extended STIRPAT (stochastic impacts by regression on population, affluence, and technology) model were employed for quantifying the contributions of different impact factors that affect transportation carbon emission within the YRDA region for the period of 1995–2014. Results show that population size, GDP, civilian vehicle inventory, energy intensity, passenger transportation, freight turnover, and transport sector output are key factors inducing transportation carbon emission, while energy structure and transportation sector employees mitigate the overall transportation carbon emission. Such results provide valuable policy implications for preparing appropriate mitigation strategies, such as the optimization of energy structure, the development of energy efficient technologies, the improvement of public awareness, and the implementation of intelligent transportation management.

A study of high temporal-spatial resolution greenhouse gas emissions inventory for on-road vehicles based on traffic speed-flow model: A case of Beijing

A study of high temporal-spatial resolution greenhouse gas emissions inventory for on-road vehicles based on traffic speed-flow model: A case of Beijing

Computer Vision on a Parking Management and Vehicle Inventory System

Computer Vision on a Parking Management and Vehicle Inventory System

Fuel Efficiency Vehicle Adoption and Carbon Emissions in a Country Context

The paper aimed at establishing the relationship between age, engine capacity, fuel type and fuel efficiency and carbon emissions. The relationship was obtained using panel data on newly imported registered vehicle stock obtained from Uganda Revenue Authority. This involved collecting data on imported vehicle inventory into Uganda for the period from 2013 to 2017 which was later analysed using the stata software. The findings indicated a positive relationship between a vehicles age, engine capacity, vehicle category (Light Duty Vehicles, Medium Duty Vehicles and Heavy Duty Vehicles) and fuel efficiency and carbon emissions. A comparison with the global fuel efficiency targets indicated that more fuel was being consumed in Uganda compared to non-OECD countries. A reduction in fuel consumption and emissions was observed in petrol vehicles while diesel vehicles had increased carbon emissions and fuel consumptions due to an increase in engine capacities. The findings imply that government should develop policy options that promote vehicle fuel efficiency, transport system operators may undergo training in fuel efficiency issues that will result in an attitudinal change while academicians need to carry out more research comparing the effect of transport systems operators ages, level education and income on carbon emissions and fuel efficiency. The majority of research on fuel efficiency and carbon emissions uses survey data rather than panel data. Further, previous research is focused on vehicles that are already on the road rather than focusing on the effect of age, engine capacity, fuel type on fuel efficiency and carbon emissions.

Findings from the California Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey

This paper describes the findings from the California Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey (CA-VIUS) which was administered between June 2016 and January 2018 and obtained data from a total of 11,118 fleets and 14,790 trucks. The surveys were segmented by registration, geography, vehicle type, and vehicle age, and the data collection effort exceeded sampling targets across almost all segments. The CA-VIUS is the largest statewide commercial vehicle data collection effort in the United States and will replace the 2002 National VIUS in transportation planning and emissions studies throughout California. Currently, the wealth of information provided by the survey is supporting the development of the California Statewide Freight Forecasting Model which is a fine-grained behavioral freight model. This model will allow California Department of Transportation and its partners to make more informed infrastructure and operational investment decisions. The CA-VIUS data will also be useful for researchers and practitioners hoping to understand the impacts and benefits of commercial vehicle movements on air quality, economic activity, safety, and vehicle usage. This paper documents key sampling and survey approaches, but mainly focuses on the key findings observed in the survey. This is a practical paper geared towards practitioners who are seeking to analyze a new VIUS survey and those who wish to implement one of their own.

Recent development of a refined multiple air pollutant emission inventory of vehicles in the Central Plains of China

Recent development of a refined multiple air pollutant emission inventory of vehicles in the Central Plains of China

Meeting Nationally Determined Contribution Targets: Projecting Kenya’s Motor Vehicle Emissions

Kenya still uses a purely value-based motor vehicle taxation system. No environmentally focused fiscal policies exist for vehicle ownership and usage, yet up to a quarter of the country’s carbon dioxide emissions originate from the transport and energy sectors. To achieve its Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) objectives for road transport, current vehicle taxes should be revised to reduce emissions through incentivizing newer and hybrid vehicle imports. The study projects Kenya’s motor vehicle inventory using business-as-usual scenario building projections to determine the country’s emissions and public revenue. The results conclude that vehicle age is directly proportional to the tax rate and therefore motor vehicle CO2 emissions could be decreased significantly by amending the current tax policies to incentivize a shift in consumer car choice and help Kenya meet its NDC emissions reduction target for 2030.

Study on Gasoline Vehicle Emission Inventory Considering Regional Differences in China

Rapid growth of China’s urban road vehicles, in particular, the increase in the number of gasoline vehicles, leads to an increase in the traffic congestion and problems pertaining to air pollution. The establishment of the emission inventory of gasoline vehicles is influenced by several factors, like environmental characteristics, vehicle conditions, road conditions, and so on. In order to obtain gasoline vehicle emission inventory in accordance with the actual situation in different regions, this study proposed a method of establishing a list of gasoline vehicles with regional differences. Comprehensive consideration and evaluation of various factors that affect the vehicle emissions were carried out and the corresponding correction factors were obtained. According to the formula of comprehensive emission factor for Zibo city, the emission inventory of gasoline vehicle was established. This method can be effectively utilized to obtain the emission inventory of gasoline vehicles in different cities more accurately and provide theoretical support for control strategies of gasoline vehicle emissions.

The impact of private autonomous vehicles on vehicle ownership and unoccupied VMT generation

The impact of private autonomous vehicles on vehicle ownership and unoccupied VMT generation

Introduction: 2016 Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice

Competition for the 2016 Daniel H. Wagner Prize for Excellence in Operations Research Practice provided the six finalist papers featured in this special issue of Interfaces. The prestigious Wagner Prize—awarded for achievement in implemented operations research, management science, and advanced analytics—emphasizes quality and originality of mathematical models and clarity of written and oral exposition. Researchers from the Université Laval, The Forestry Research Institute of Sweden, and the SDC, Sweden, won the competition for their development of a highly successful algorithm and software to determine optimal routing for trucks operating in the Swedish forestry industry. The remaining finalist papers describe work to improve hospital staffing, dealer inventory of automotive vehicles, agricultural productivity through genetic modifications of crops, wastewater treatment, and real-time video ad selection. Full presentation videos with slides are available in the INFORMS Video Library at https://www.informs.org/Resource-Center/Video-Library , and as electronic companions to the Interfaces articles.

Estimation of Average Payloads from Weigh-in-Motion Data

Average payloads define the ton-to-truck conversion factors that are critical inputs to commodity-based freight forecasting models. However, average payloads are derived primarily from outdated, unrepresentative truck surveys. With increasing technological and methodological means of concurrently measuring truck configurations, commodity types, and weights, there are now viable alternatives to truck surveys. In this paper, a method to derive average payloads by truck body type and using weight data from weigh-in-motion (WIM) sensors is presented. Average payloads by truck body type are found by subtracting an estimated average empty weight from an estimated average loaded weight. Empty and loaded weights are derived from a Gaussian mixture model fit to a gross vehicle weight distribution. An analysis of truck body type distributions, loaded weights, empty weights, and resulting payloads of five-axle tractor trailer (FHWA Class 9 or 3-S2) trucks is presented to compare national and state-level Vehicle Inventory and Use Survey (VIUS) data and the WIM-based approach. Results show statistically significant differences between the three data sets in each of the comparison categories. A challenge in this analysis is the definition of a correct set of payloads because the WIM and survey data are subject to their own inherent misrepresentations. WIM data, however, provide a continuous source of measured weight data that overcome the drawback of using out-of-date surveys. Overall, average payloads from measured weights are lower than those for the national or California VIUS estimates.