Invasion Of England Research Articles

LONDON

<h3>The Pre-Roman Inhabitants of England</h3> Sir Arthur Keith delivered his presidential address at the annual congress of the South-Eastern Union of Scientific Societies on "The Pre-Roman Inhabitants of Southern England." He described skeletons that had been discovered in shallow graves on the South Downs. Common cranial characteristics showed that they had some affinity to the "beaker" people who began to swarm into England from central and northwestern Europe about 2000 B. C. There was evidence that these grew and ground grain, kept domesticated cattle, had looms, hunted, and made pottery. Discoveries in Belgium showed that the men who dug in the chalk-downs there were the same kind of folk and carried on the same industry. There was much yet to be found out about the "beaker" invasion of England, which began about 2000 B. C. or soon after. This people seemed to have prevailed in England for many centuries. As

IV. British West India Commerce as a Factor in the Napoleonic War

The decline in prosperity of the British West Indies after 1815 was so rapid as to obscure their importance during the Napoleonic War; but of their commercial pre-eminence among British colonies at that time there are many proofs. Thus, on 12 September 1804, while watching Toulon, Nelson, who knew them well, wrote in a lately published letter, “…I think the French will some day send their fleets to sea, and that the West Indies … is (sic) more likely for them to hurt us in than this country. We have but few troops to defend our islands and recent conquests; 10 or 12,000 French troops would injure us more there than in any other part of the world.” Herein he agreed with Dundas, who in August 1796 stated to Earl Spencer, First Lord of the Admiralty, that far more harm would result to our commerce and credit from a French invasion of Jamaica than of Great Britain or Ireland. As is well known, Nelson in April 1805 acted on his conviction recorded above, and, despite the perilously scanty news as to the course of the Franco-Spanish fleet, he chased it to the West Indies because of his conviction of the immense importance of those colonies. Lord Barham, now First Lord, approved his action; for he himself had come to the conclusion from the French moves against those colonies, “that depredation and the destruction of our trade is their grand object,” and that the invasion of England was now a secondary object. This view was for the present somewhat exaggerated; for Napoleon, who overworked his admirals even more than his generals, expected Villeneuve and Gravina first to devastate our Leeward Islands (with Tobago thrown in) and then to fly back, along with Ganteaume's fleet, to cover the invasion of England.

The last age of Roman Britain. By Edward Foord, author of ‘The Invasions of England,’ etc. London, Calcutta and Sydney: Geo. Harrap and Co.1925. Pp. 294, 16 plates. 15s. net.

The last age of Roman Britain. By Edward Foord, author of ‘The Invasions of England,’ etc. London, Calcutta and Sydney: Geo. Harrap and Co.1925. Pp. 294, 16 plates. 15<i>s</i>. net.

A Prehistoric Invasion of England

In his account of the leaf-shaped bronze swords of the Hallstatt period, the late M. Déchelette wrote: ‘Doubtless one might ask whether this weapon might not have been brought to the British Isles by the first Celtic invaders, but that is purely conjectural (une conjecture fragile), for it is difficult among the British finds the same period to detect any really characteristic analogies’ (vol. ii, pt. 2, p. 724). The same paragraph points out that bronze swords of identically the same type have been found in regions as widely separated from each other as Scandinavia, Bohemia, and Ireland, to which one might add Finland and Southern France. The conclusion is irresistible that these swords were derived from a common centre of dispersal, and that they were not evolved independently in each region. Had the evolution taken place locally there might have been similarity, but not identity of type. I propose to bring forward evidence in support of the hypothesis that, towards the close of the Bronze Age, the British Isles were invaded by the first wave of Celtic-speaking peoples, bringing with them leaf-shaped bronze swords, many other entirely new types of bronze objects, and at least two types of pottery new to these islands and evolved somewhere on the Continent. I suggest that these invaders may have been Goidels, arriving about 800–700 B.C. Possibly the new types under review may not all be strictly contemporary; and there may have been more than one wave of invasion. But there can, I think, be no doubt that an invasion on a large scale took place at about this time.

Invasion of England

Invasion of England

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England in 1805

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England in 1805

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England in 1805

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England in 1805

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England in 1805

Napoleon's attempted invasion of England in 1805

Threatened invasion of England in 1803

Threatened invasion of England in 1803

Threatened invasion of England in 1803

Threatened invasion of England in 1803

Invasion of England

Invasion of England Get access Arthur Mee Arthur Mee 1Llanelly Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s7-VI, Issue 156, 22 December 1888, Page 495, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s7-VI.156.495e Published: 22 December 1888

Invasion of England

Invasion of England

Invasion of England

Invasion of England

Invasion of England

Invasion of England

Invasion of England by a subterranean tunnel

Invasion of England by a subterranean tunnel

On the Present Facilities for the Invasion of England, and for the Defence Thereof

On the Present Facilities for the Invasion of England, and for the Defence Thereof

On the Present Facilities for the Invasion of England, and for the Defence Thereof

On the Present Facilities for the Invasion of England, and for the Defence Thereof

Spanish verses on the invasion of England

Spanish verses on the invasion of England

Spanish verses on the invasion of England

Spanish verses on the invasion of England Get access L. H. J. T. L. H. J. T. Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Notes and Queries, Volume s1-V, Issue 126, 27 March 1852, Page 294, https://doi.org/10.1093/nq/s1-V.126.294c Published: 27 March 1852