Interviews Research Articles

Investigating discourse markers “you know” and “I mean” in mediatized English political interviews: a corpus-based comparative study

This study employs a corpus-based approach to examine and compare the use of two discourse markers (DMs), “you know” and “I mean”, within the context of two mediatised English political interviews. The analysis encompasses frequencies, functions, co-occurrences, and positional distributions of these DMs. The study utilizes specialized corpora from two political interview programs: CGTN’s The Point with Liu Xin and BBC’s HARDtalk. The frequency analysis reveals that “you know” is statistically more prevalent than “I mean” in both programs, reflecting the spontaneity, interactivity, and need for clarification characteristic of political interviews. Notably, the Chinese interviewer (IR) uses “you know” more extensively, possibly due to a cultural preference for ensuring mutual understanding and engaging the audience, while the British IR employs “I mean” slightly more frequently, likely reflecting a tendency to clarify or reframe statements for precision. Functionally, these DMs serve diverse purposes such as hedging, agreeing, and monitoring across various domains including interpersonal, sequential, and rhetorical. Positional analysis shows “you know” typically appearing medially and “I mean” often in initial positions. These results underscore the distinctive interviewing styles of the two IRs and the pivotal role of these DMs in fulfilling a spectrum of communicative functions. This research offers valuable insights into the interviewer’s perspective in political interviews.

Estresse no cotidiano dos profissionais de enfermagem: reflexos da rotina laboral hospitalar

Aim: to assess the way members of the nursing staff of the University Hospital of Northeast Brazil experience stress in daily life of their work activities. Method: a descriptive study of qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out in June 2015, through semi-structured interview. Twenty-three professionals of the nursing staff, who compose the units that provide specific care to adult inpatients, participated. The data were analyzed according to Bardin's content analysis technique. Results: the following categories emerged: Stressors in daily work - with the sub-categories: routine care experienced by staff; the difficulty in solving problems of surplus and experienced work overload - and family caregivers and nursing staff: implications for care. Conclusions: the stressor agents may interfere directly on the health of professionals that participated in the study, as well as on the development of quality nursing care.

The Effect of Marketing Mix and Brand Image towards Interest of Students at Riyadlul Jannah Islamic High School Jonggol

The purpose of this study was to find out whether Marketing Mix and brand image have a significant effect on the Choice Decision students at Riyadlul Jannah Jonggol Islamic High School. The approach used is quantitative with data collection techniques or questionnaires, int erviews, observation, and documentation. The population in this study were madrasa heads, teachers, employees, and parents of students. Sampling amounted to 50 people from 168 people in the population using the slovin formula with probability random sampling. Data were analyzed using the classical assumption test and hypothesis testing with the help of the SPSS Version 22 program. The results showed that: (1) The Marketing Mix variable had a significant effect on the Choice Decision students at Riyadlul Jannah Jonggol Islamic High School by 54% with a significance value - 0.000 less than the value of α = 0.05 and the calculated t value of 1,598 is greater than the t table value of 0,278. (2) The brand image variable has a significant effect on the Choice Decision students at Riyadlul Jannah Jonggol Islamic High School by 42% with a significance value = 0.000 less than the value of α = 0.05 and a t-count value of 1,128 greater than t-table 0,278. (3) Simultaneously, Marketing Mix and brand image have a significant effect on the Choice Decision students at Riyadlul Jannah Jonggol Islamic High School by 64.9% with a significance value of 0.000 which is less than 0.05 and the calculated F value obtained is 43.376 greater than the value F table 2.90

Intersubjective understanding in finger braille interpreter-mediated interaction: Two case studies of other-initiated repair

This study analyzed data obtained from interviews with a deafblind man (DBM), mediated by Japanese finger braille interpreters (FBIs), to explore the negotiation of intersubjective understanding between participants. The DBM in this study co-invented a system of finger braille communication with his mother. He usually used two modalities to communicate with hearing and sighted others: Japanese voicing to convey what he wanted to say and finger braille letters tapped by FBIs to understand what the interlocutor was saying. Using the concept of other-initiated repair (OIR), we examined gaps in intersubjective understanding between the DBM and the interviewer (INT). OIR is a fundamental system that people use to resolve problems associated with speaking, hearing, and understanding to restore intersubjectivity during conversation. We examined two strategic uses of OIR: in the first, the DBM extends the repair segment although the INT completes the repair operation; in the second, DBM asks the FBI a question and manages the participation framework. We employed a mixed analytical method based on Conversation Analysis (CA) analyses, follow-up interviews, and multimodal interaction analysis to determine how OIR sequences coordinate intersubjective understanding in finger braille interpreter-mediated interaction. This study demonstrated some of the productive strategies and collaborative embodied efforts that facilitate deafblind communication and interpreter mediated achievement of intersubjective understandings.

Interview to Esteban Hernández Esteve conducted by prof. Oktay Güvemli, convenor of the 12th WCAH

Interview to Esteban Hernández Esteve conducted by prof. Oktay Güvemli, convenor of the 12th WCAH

Integrated health and social care evaluation framework for mental health and drug addiction care

Abstract Background Guiding the decision-making process in mental health investments is advisable. The objective of the study is to develop a framework for evaluating the quality of integrated health and social care in Mental Health and Drug Addiction (MH&DA) Methods A literature review helped to establish a definition of integrated care specific to MH&DA and to identify potential indicators for its evaluation. The quality of integrated care was assessed through focus groups (FGs) and interviews (INs) with three different profiles: professionals (2FGs & 2 INs), patients (3 FGs & 2 INs) and families/carers (2FGs & 2 INs). Additional indicators were also obtained from them. Results Out of 2,226 publications identified, 87 (4%) were reviewed in full. According to the literature, integrated care in MH&DA is based on four main components: case management, comprehensive assessment, individualised care plan and care coordination among different providers. Based on these components, an operational definition of integrated care was developed and validated in the FGs and INs. Positive aspects identified were a respectful approach and positive experiences of coordination between social and community network. Regarding indicators about 400 were identified, after screening were reduced to 60: 25% corresponded to accessibility, 20% person-centred care, 16% each to care coordination and to effectiveness. In general, the main threats to the quality of care, identified in FGs and INs, matched the dimensions with the highest proportion of indicators (i.e., limited care resources, poor coordination and communication among professionals and services, and barriers in accessing specialized treatment). Conclusions According to literature, integrated care in MH&DA seems to be mainly evaluated in terms of accessibility and person-centred care. In a following phase, a large group of experts will be key to select the most relevant dimensions and indicators for the evaluation in a Delphi study. Key messages

Psychological symptoms and quality of life in a population living in the "New Towns" of L'Aquila after he 2009 earthquake


 Background: Following the earthquake in L'Aquila of 04.06.2009 more than 65,000 people lost their homes. In order to provide rapid accommodation to those people, the Italian Government implemented the CASE project (Complex Anti-seismic Sustainable Environment-friendly), with the construction of 19 "New town" in the surrounding areas of the city. The New towns are built in rural areas, far from the center of the city, without many basic services. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of mental disorders, the levels of psychological symptoms and quality of life in a sample of the population living in such reality.
 Methods: Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI), the Impact of Events Scale-Revised (IES-R), and the Manchester Short Assessment of Quality of Life (MANSA), were used.
 Results: 107 people were interviewed. The mean scores of the GSI of the BSI were 0.70 (SD=0.55). The total score of the IES-R scale was used and the cut-off represented by the 33 value, was exceeded by 59.81% of the sample. The average value was 37.85 (SD=19.49) (range 0-83). 14 people of them (21.88%) obtained an average value ≥ 60. The mean score on the MANSA was 4.5 (SD=0.98), range 1.8-6.3.
 Conclusion: From the results, it appears that this housing solution could be an additional element of trauma that overlaps with that suffered during the quake.

An Interview with the Curators of Thomas Cole’s Journey: Atlantic Crossings

An Interview with the Curators of Thomas Cole’s Journey: Atlantic Crossings

The effectiveness of online learning during the covid-19 pandemic

This study aimed to obtain information about the effectiveness of the online learning process in the Covid-19 pandemic. The study uses explorative qualitative methods with an inductive approach. In this study, the respondents involved were five people from SDN 01 Sape Kabupaten Bima, consisting of 1 teacher, two student guardians, and two students. To maintain the confidentiality of respondents’ identities, researchers gave the names of respondents P1, P2, P3, P4, and P5. The interviews were conducted in a structured manner with questions compiled and linked and developed with related literature. Weak supervision of students, lack of signal strength in remote areas, and expensive quota fees are challenges in online learning. The results of this study are less effective online learning because of the lack of facilities and infrastructure and the unpreparedness of technological education.

‘Who is to say?’: An interview with Paul Morley

‘Who is to say?’: An interview with Paul Morley

The role of extra lessons on the general administration of urban day high density secondary schools

The current qualitative inquiry aimed at investigating the role of extra lessons on the general administration of the urban day high density secondary schools in Chegutu, Zimbabwe. The researcher adopted the case study design and in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and document analysis were used for data generation. Interviews were held with teachers, school inspectors and parents. Learners were subjected to a focus group discussion. The researcher accessed and analysed documents which included punishment records as well as learner academic reports. The 23 participants from where data were generated consisted of 8 teachers, 6 learners, 6 parents and 3 school inspectors who were sampled through non-probability critical case purposive sampling. From the findings, it emerged that the general administration of the schools was affected by extra lessons. Extra lessons impact positively on school pass rates, ratings and help build and improve a good image for the schools in the community. More learners enroll in the schools. They assist in the reduction of the teachers` workload. Some negative effects were established from the study. For example, extra lessons have created a dent on teacher professionalism as some teachers have been accused of neglecting formal school work so that they create demand for extra lessons among learners. Extra lessons have also contributed indiscipline among learners, while at school. Tension has been created by extra lessons between teachers taking part and those not, given the extra remuneration coming out of the lessons. Relations between learners and teachers also seem to have strained. Despite these challenges, it is recommended that extra lessons should continue to be offered as they reduce the work load for teachers and provide a conducive working environment at the school since teachers are not over worked. However, it is prudent that MOPSE, school heads and parents monitor work that is being given to learners during the normal working hours to avoid instances where teachers work less in the main stream in order to create artificial demand for extra lessons. There is need for guidance and counselling to learners so that other activities expected of them in the formal school, for example, sports are not affected.

Interview with Abel Laureate 2020 Hillel Furstenberg

Interview with Abel Laureate 2020 Hillel Furstenberg

Interview with Nunu Kidane and Gerald Lenoir

Interview with Nunu Kidane and Gerald Lenoir

Interview with Nelio Bizzo

Interview with Nelio Bizzo

Appropriateness Of Prescribing Of Direct Oral Anticoagulants: A Prospective Cohort Study At CHU UCL Mont-Godinne-Dinant

Background and Objective Direct oral anticoagulants (DOACs) have been developed to address some of the limitations of Vitamin-K antagonists (VKAs) and are claimed to be easier to use. However, deviations from the recommended use have been reported, sometimes leading to serious adverse events (Sorensen R et al. BMJ Open 2013, Hussain S et al. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2013, Lim SL et al. Med J Aust 2013, Legrand M et al. Arch Intern Med 2011, Bene J et al. Ann Pharmacother 2012). Our objective was to evaluate the appropriateness of prescribing DOACs in real-life clinical practice. Setting and Method We conducted a prospective cohort study including patients admitted to a 450-bed teaching hospital (Belgium) from April to July 2013, who were taking rivaroxaban (Xarelto®) or dabigatran etexilate (Pradaxa®). A clinical pharmacist interviewed each patient to collect clinical and pharmaceutical data. Additional relevant information was retrieved from the electronic medical record. Appropriateness of prescribing was evaluated using the 10 criteria of the Medication Appropriateness Index (Samsa GP et al. J Clin Epidemiol 1994, Hanlon JT et al. J Clin epidemiol 1992). Explicit instructions were added, based on EU summary of the product characteristics and (inter)national guidelines. Due to limited cost-effectiveness data in Belgium, the tenth criterion of the MAI was not used. Main outcome measures The primary outcome measure was the prevalence of inappropriate prescribing, namely the proportion of patients with ≥1 inappropriate criterion. Secondary outcome measures included (a) a description of the main categories of inappropriateness prescribing, (b) comparison of results for patients on Xarelto® as compared to those on Pradaxa®, (c) the prevalence of adverse drug events and their relationship to inappropriate prescribing and (d) a description of interventions made by the clinical pharmacist to optimize prescribing. Results Fifty-two patients were evaluated (median age 74 years, range 51-89; 29 and 23 taking Xarelto® and Pradaxa®, respectively). Twenty-eight (53.8%) patients had at least one inappropriate rating: 1 inappropriate criterion in 26.9% and >1 in 26.9% of patients ([Figure 1][1]). The most frequent inappropriate criteria were: wrong dosage (32.7%, e.g. dose not adapted to renal function); inappropriate choice and modalities of administration (28.8%, e.g. prescription of a NOAC in a VKA-naive patient with extreme body weight, once daily administration of Pradaxa®); and unpractical modalities of administration (25.0%, e.g. Pradaxa® in non-adherent patients) ([Table 1][2]). Results were overall similar when comparing Pradaxa® and Xarelto®, indicating that the trend of inappropriate prescribing might not be related to one specific DOAC. Twenty-four patients (47.0%) had experienced one adverse event (e.g. 8 patients had a stroke or a transient ischemic accident, 6 had hematomas or non-characteristic bleedings, 3 had epistaxis incidents and 2 patients reported dyspepsia); and 7.8% more than one adverse event. The clinical pharmacist made 29 interventions during the study period; e.g. 11 request for specific coagulation assay, 8 switches to another oral anticoagulant, 3 dose adjustments and 3 therapeutic education. Thirteen patients had one clinical pharmacist intervention and 8 patients benefited from 2 interventions. ![Figure 1][3] Figure 1 Percentage of inappropriate ratings (C) per patient, using the Medication Appropriateness Index View this table: Table 1 Detailed ratings of appropriateness using the Medication Appropriateness Index (N) Conclusion The quality of prescribing DOACs was suboptimal. Off-label use was frequent and suggests that reinforcing education of health care professionals is needed. This should be a priority for the future. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare. [1]: #F1 [2]: #T1 [3]: pending:yes

Reinventing the play centre

EYE'S editor, Angelica Celinska, interviews the owner of Pure Imaginations with Gemma – featured throughout this issue and the setting of our front cover this month. Gemma Bohr shares her journey with us.

ANDROGENS: Interview with Paresh Dandona, MD

ANDROGENS: Interview with Paresh Dandona, MD

From Idea to Market: An Interview With an Entrepreneur.

From Idea to Market: An Interview With an Entrepreneur.

Interview: China is a Democracy by Lincoln’s Definition: Former Singaporean FM

Interview: China is a Democracy by Lincoln’s Definition: Former Singaporean FM

Making the world a better place: an interview with Dr Emily Chi-wan Hung.

Making the world a better place: an interview with Dr Emily Chi-wan Hung.