Interpretation Of Processes Research Articles

Teachers' interpretation of curriculum as a window into ‘curriculum potential’

AbstractBen‐Peretz's (1975) concept of intended curriculum describes a version of curriculum that ‘official’ curriculum developers create to provide a detailed guide to what teachers are required to teach in schools. While some curricula are intended to guide learning, others give a more definitive regulation of what must be taught. Either way, they are a product of curriculum developers writing government policy that defines what is considered essential for students to know. The teacher then undertakes the technical task of interpreting these policy texts to discern how they will introduce the content to their students. Once the teacher receives the curriculum text, they begin a translation process. While the curriculum developer has a vision of how teachers will interpret the curriculum, the teacher's translation of the curriculum text is filtered through the teachers' understanding of the subject matter. This notion of ‘curriculum potential’ represents the culmination of the teacher's subject matter knowledge acquired throughout their education and career which serves as the reference point for curriculum interpretation. This article describes the process of curriculum interpretation used by primary teachers during the implementation of Australian curriculum reform. The study examined the interpretation process from the intended curriculum to the planned curriculum to the enacted curriculum used by the teachers and the influences impacting upon these processes. The analysis of the teachers' interpretations was demonstrated through a process for curriculum mapping developed for this study. This work will present the teachers' pathways to curriculum enactment as a hermeneutic interpretation of curriculum, revealing the teachers' curriculum potential. While frequently descriptions of curriculum potential focuss on subject matter knowledge, analysis of primary teacher curriculum interpretation necessitates a broader definition. The paper concludes that the primary teachers' interpretation process is drawn from a wider curriculum potential that intersects their knowledge of subject matter and knowledge of their students.

THE ROLE OF MEDIA CULTURE IN PROMOTING SOCIAL VALUES IN MEDIA FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF THE “VALUE PARADIGM”

This research aims to explore and understand the vital role played by media culture in promoting and transmitting social values from the perspective of the "Value Paradigm." Therefore, it is essential to empower and equip media culture with the goal of shaping individuals and instilling in them critical thinking, social values, correct attitudes, and skills from media sources. The "Value Perspective" imparts an ethical view of media culture, attempting to recognize the exclusion of the "values" variable from its components, derived from the cultural and civilizational context of this vision from the outset. Excluding this variable from the analysis and interpretation process has led many media studies in the Islamic environment to produce distorted copies of Western studies. This "paradigm" does not oppose foreign theories but enriches them with variables that express cultural and civilizational differences and distinctions in social, economic, political, and cultural experiences

On the Role of Image Processing Techniques in the Quantitative Image Analysis

Abstract The article explores how qualitative image analysis impacts the process of image interpretation, particularly in composite microstructure analysis. It highlights the importance of high-quality images for accurate computer-based object detection, emphasizing the limitations of rigid pixel-based rules compared to human visual perception. The study underscores the need for optimal imaging conditions to avoid image defects that hinder precise computational analyses in scientific and industrial applications.

COGNITIVE APPROACH TO THE ANALYSIS OF THE LITERARY TEXT

The article deals with the cognitive linguistics is the study of language in its cognitive function, where cognitive refers to the crucial role of informational structures in the human mind and language. Cognitive linguistics focuses on the processes of literary text production, interpretation, and evaluation.

PAIRWISE NONLINEAR DEPENDENCE ANALYSIS OF GENOMIC DATA.

In The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data set, there are many interesting nonlinear dependencies between pairs of genes that reveal important relationships and subtypes of cancer. Such genomic data analysis requires a rapid, powerful and interpretable detection process, especially in a high-dimensional environment. We study the nonlinear patterns among the expression of pairs of genes from TCGA using a powerful tool called Binary Expansion Testing. We find many nonlinear patterns, some of which are driven by known cancer subtypes, some of which are novel.

Constructing the Viking and Laval cases as a major defeat for social Europe: a contextual and processual analysis

AbstractThis Article brings new perspectives on the well-known Viking and Laval cases, decided by the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) in December 2007, by studying the processes and modalities of the construction of this case law as a major defeat for social Europe. It demonstrates that the political and legal implications of these two rulings were socially constructed by a variety of European actors (especially trade unionists and academics specialising in labour law) rather than legally inscribed in the rulings. In doing so, the author defends a constructivist approach in the analysis of European case law, both contextual and processual. The Article is divided into two parts. The first retraces the pre-ruling construction of the Viking and Laval cases, and shows that trade union and academic actors as well as parliamentarians worked to construct the judgements on these cases as decisive landmarks for social Europe. The second part considers the process of interpretation of the rulings after they were delivered by the CJEU. It evidences the central role played by trade union and academic actors in promoting a critical reading of the rulings, arguing that the Court subordinated social rights to economic liberties. The Article concludes by showing that this interpretation has tended to become subject to consensus, to the extent that it is now European common sense.

An attempt to use convolutional neural network to recover layered-earth structure from electrical resistivity tomography survey

The Electrical Resistivity Tomography (ERT) method is a geophysical prospecting technique for determining subsurface structure in terms of electrical resistivity distribution. Direct current is injected into the ground through a pair of electrodes, and the potential difference is measured using another pair of electrodes. The estimated resistivity model of the subsurface is then obtained using a mathematical optimization algorithm called the inversion algorithm, which incorporates multiple measured potential differences from different electrode configurations as the input data. The inverted resistivity model serves as a resource for the interpretation process of the survey. Specialists employ the model and the prior geological information in the area to extract the subsurface geological structure under the data measurement profile. The inverted model can be treated as a two-dimensional image in which each element represents resistivity. The image can be visualized as a blurred or distorted version of the actual resistivity image of the subsurface. We, therefore, developed a post-inversion image enhancement code using a neural network aiming to recover the true subsurface model with predetermined features. We employed the convolutional neural network (CNN) that uses the inverted models as input and returns an enhanced model as output. We tested our developed neural network with a case study that utilized the proposed method to recover the layered earth structure which is often found in real surveys. The electrode spacing was 5 meters in the Schlumberger array configuration. The true subsurface resistivity models of training data and validating data for evaluating the neural network were randomly generated based on the predetermined feature of the layered structure. We then generated their respective inverted models from those data through simulated inversion routine. As a result, 94.75% of the enhanced models in the validation dataset exhibited a lower loss metric compared to the original inverted models in the same validation dataset. We also applied the proposed method to practical field data to recover the subsurface layers and compared them with stratigraphic information from a borehole in each area. The result showed that the proposed method gives well-resolved structures in the enhancement process after the typical inversion.

The task and future of New Testament Studies

In the light of various new tendencies in New Testament Studies, this article charts out the task for future students and researchers in the field. Within the frame of newer socio-cognitive discourse studies, it builds on the semiotic foundation that controlled interpretation of the ancient Greek text as a complex sign-system enabling the community of professional readers to construct meaning fitting the text. Such interpretations need to simulate the interpretation process within the original epistemic community. The article aims to reassess the role of exegesis in Testament Studies and a redesign of its sub-disciplines.Contribution: The article makes an original contribution to realign the hermeneutical task to interpret the text in the New Testament with socio-cognitive discourse studies. It follows trends in reception studies in distinguishing semantic interpretation from the various uses of such consensual text and conforms to interpretation of the New Testament in the realm of faculties of theology and within academic and public discourse.

Cultural and Linguistic Prejudices Experienced by African Language Speaking Witnesses and Legal Practitioners at the Hands of Judicial Officers in South African Courtroom Discourse: The Senzo Meyiwa Murder Trial

This article recognizes that linguistic prejudice (with its associated cultural biases) is a reality in any multilingual country, including South Africa. Prejudice is inherently human and the article suggests that it can be both positive and negative. In the case of the Senzo Meyiwa murder trial the article suggests that the linguistic prejudice experienced by witnesses and legal practitioners was largely negative. Even though the South African Constitution suggests an empowering multilingual environment where there are now twelve official languages, in contrast to this, the article takes as a point of departure the monolingual language of record policy that has been in place in the South African legal system since 2017. This is contrary to the constitutional imperatives. It is argued that this policy negatively impacts witnesses and legal practitioners and that the Meyiwa trial is a case in point. It is found that in this trial there is linguistic prejudice (practiced by the presiding judge) where there are linguistic or cultural voids related to communicative inequality and where the speaker does not have sufficient English vocabulary to proceed. It is concluded that the interpretation process also has its challenges and that ideally the use of African languages as languages of record in courts could only aid the delivery of social justice and the implementation of language rights in a multilingual and multicultural country such as South Africa.

Activist Discourse and the Origins of Feminist Shakespeare Studies

This essay reconsiders interpretations of Shakespeare by Irish writer Anna Murphy Jameson and the American Transcendentalist Margaret Fuller. Developing an informal method in which the voice of the female critic rallies in defence of Shakespeare’s heroines, they intervene in a male-dominated intellectual sphere to model alternative forms of women’s learning that take root outside of formalized institutional channels. Jameson, in Shakespeare’s Heroines, invokes the language of authentic Romantic selfhood and artistic freedom, recovering Shakespeare’s female characters from earlier critical aspersion as figures of exceptional female eloquence and resilience; she adopts a conversational critical voice to involve her female readers in the interpretative process itself. Fuller, in Woman in Nineteenth Century, speaks authoritatively as a kind of female prophet to argue that women’s creative reinterpretations of Shakespeare point the way to a revitalization of a sterile literary critical field. Both writers call for the reform of women’s education through revisionist interpretations of history attuned to the representation of female exceptionalism. In embryonic form, these nineteenth century feminist writings formulate a persistent strain of socially engaged, activist feminist criticism of Shakespeare.

The challenges of signal interpretation of burials in ground‐penetrating radar

AbstractThe identification of unmarked graves and burials is one of most common applications of ground‐penetrating radar (GPR) in archaeology. Despite a high frequency of use and a long history of experimentation, there appears to be considerable variability on what indicates a burial in GPR data—likely a consequence of heterogeneity in geological contexts, age and in burial practices. Although general statements about uncertainty in GPR interpretation may be acceptable in archaeological applications, the interpretative process becomes more complicated when GPR is used to locate unmarked graves in culturally, politically and legally contested locations such as at former Indian Residential Schools (IRSs) in Canada. In this paper, we review international applications of the technique and identify trends and traits between the authors' use of GPR to identify burials. By categorizing the studies based on the GPR reflection signatures identified, our review demonstrates that there is modest consensus across the 77 documents reviewed for what represents a burial. Interrogating these findings, we identify a range of potential contributors to signal heterogeneity and outline potential steps forward to a higher confidence or more statistically robust identification of unmarked graves using GPR.

Assistive technologies and habit development: a Semiotic Model of Technological Mediation

Abstract In the field of philosophy of technology, the concept of mediation is central to understanding how technology shapes human experience and behavior. Our aim in this paper is to contribute to the understanding of technological mediation, in particular how and why it is possible. Technological mediation occurs within a mediation space between the technological realm and the user realm. In the technological realm, technology regularizes events and actions, while in the user realm, the user interprets the significative potential of the technology. This interpretation process is identical with use and involves the formation of user habits, which are constrained by technological, cognitive, and sociocultural factors. To provide a theoretical framework for our analysis, we propose the Semiotic Model of Technological Mediation (SMTM), which draws on Charles Peirceʼs semiotics. To illustrate our argument, we focus on assistive technology and provide a recurring example of the Medimi®Smart, a digital, comprehensive system for medication handling.

Sediment core analysis using artificial intelligence

Subsurface stratigraphic modeling is crucial for a variety of environmental, societal, and economic challenges. However, the need for specific sedimentological skills in sediment core analysis may constitute a limitation. Methods based on Machine Learning and Deep Learning can play a central role in automatizing this time-consuming procedure. In this work, using a robust dataset of high-resolution digital images from continuous sediment cores of Holocene age that reflect a wide spectrum of continental to shallow-marine depositional environments, we outline a novel deep-learning-based approach to perform automatic semantic segmentation directly on core images, leveraging the power of convolutional neural networks. To optimize the interpretation process and maximize scientific value, we use six sedimentary facies associations as target classes in lieu of ineffective classification methods based uniquely on lithology. We propose an automated model that can rapidly characterize sediment cores, allowing immediate guidance for stratigraphic correlation and subsurface reconstructions.

Feminist Collective Interpretation: Interpretation as Analysis

Interpretation is a key aspect to any qualitative research process. Inherent in analysis, researchers must ask what informs interpretations and whose interpretations are accepted as reality. These questions call attention to power and its connection with interpretational practices, while some might argue that it would be impossible to render any interpretations that are data. In this article, we describe our own feminist, collective analytic interpretation as being guided by a set of commitments rather than a set of procedures or a guiding theoretical framework. We highlight how our approach to collective interpretation through a set of feminist commitments is achieved. Then, we outline those commitments, leaving readers with an idea of how to build a feminist collectivist interpretation process into their own work specifically or contemplate the collaborative nature of interpretation in analysis of qualitative data more broadly.

An arts-literacy intervention for adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms: outcomes of a randomised controlled trial of Pre-Texts with Kenyan adolescents

Mental health problems are prevalent among youth in low-resource countries and are further compounded by stigma and limited access to traditional treatments. The need for scalable, accessible, and stigma-free mental health interventions is urgent. We developed and tested Pre-Texts, an arts-literacy intervention that targets adolescent depression and anxiety, in Kenya. We conducted a universal RCT (Randomized Controlled Trial). Students from Kenyan high schools (N=235, ages 13-19, 53.19% female) were randomized to either Pre-Texts or a study skills control intervention. Pre-Texts involves the use of a text-such an excerpt from a novel, a physics lesson, or a technical manual-to inspire art-making that is followed by collective reflection on the process of interpretation through artmaking. Participants met daily for a week in groups of 6-12 youths for 1-h sessions. Groups were facilitated by high school graduates trained as lay-providers. This study was pre-registered at the Pan African Clinical Trials Registry (PACTR; registration number: PACTR202111497122432). The trial took place between August 11th 2021 and December 18th2021. Pre-Texts produced a greater reduction in depression (d=0.52, 95% CI [0.19, 0.84]) and anxiety (d=0.51, 95% CI [0.20, 0.81]) symptoms from baseline to 1-month follow-up compared to the control group. Similarly, in a sub-sample of participants with elevated depression and anxiety symptoms, Pre-Texts produced a greater reduction in depression (d=1.10, 95% CI [0.46, 1.75]) and anxiety (d=0.54, 95% CI [-0.07, 1.45]) symptoms. Our findings suggest that a brief arts-literacy intervention with challenging school material in a group setting, implemented as an afterschool program, can reduce depression and anxiety symptoms in adolescents in Sub-Saharan Africa. Future replication trials with larger sample sizes with extended follow-ups will help assess the strength and sustainability of these effects. The study was funded by grants from the Mind, Brain, and Behaviour (MBB) Initiative at Harvard University and the Center for African Studies at Harvard University.

실용무용계열 학생들의 진로 고민 및 탐색 과정 분석

Objectives The purpose of the study is to provide basic data necessary to improve and develop the curriculum for career exploration and revitalize career education by understanding the actual experiences of students in the field of practical dance and examining the process of contemplating and exploring their careers. Methods This study selected 6 participants based on the theoretical sampling method and conducted in-depth interview. As for the analysis, the study adopted 3-step analysis proposed by Strauss and Corbin(1998), and con-ducted open coding, axial coding, selective coding, and also conducted member check and peer debriefing in en-tire process of analysis and interpretation to secure the veracity of the data. Results 132 concepts, 31 subcategories, and 20 categories were derived through ‘categorization of the career worries and exploration process of practical dance students’, which is an open coding. In ‘Structuring the Career Concerns and Exploration Process of Practical Dance Students’, an axis coding, a paradigm model was presented by conducting a paradigm analysis, and the attributes and dimensions of the categories corresponding to each component were analyzed. Finally, the core category of “Constructing the Career Concerns and Exploration Process of Practical Dance Students” was derived, and the connection between them was reaffirmed in the proc-ess of describing the results derived from the story outline development as a single story. Based on this, it was found that in the process of contemplating and exploring career paths, the contextual condition of “university edu-cation environment” and the mediating condition of “changed practical use environment” are important factors that affect career decisions. Conclusions The process of practical use students contemplating and exploring their careers deepened their worries about their careers and showed that they were determined by various attempts and efforts as they faced unstable reality amid various personal, social, and environmental factors. In the future, it is necessary to provide high-quality education to develop various career-related capabilities of practical dance majors and further re-search that can serve as the basis for improving the working environment and expanding the industry.

Direct Detection of Groundwater Accumulation Zones in Saprock Aquifers in Tectono-Thermal Environments

Some vertical electrical sounding (VES) data from tectono-thermal environments usually plot anomalously on a VES curve, thereby distorting the curve trend at the points of their occurrence. These datasets usually plot noisily in the form of a sudden rise and drop in electrical resistivity values. They constitute abnormal datasets that are usually deleted to recover trends and consequently develop confidence in both the datasets and the modelling and interpretational processes. This study was conducted to assess their origin and consequently gain an understanding of their contributions to groundwater accumulation and transmission in saprock aquifers. The results, supported by co-located drilling and pumping test data, show that these datasets are indicators of subsurface conditions where high-resistivity unconformal structures directly overlie saturated (low-resistivity) porous media, provided that the resistivity of the first breakout point is less than those from subsequent points. Remote sensing data reveal that these types of curves are common in hard rock and metasedimentary environments. Borehole groundwater yields can also be assessed qualitatively from the number and trend of breakoff points. The integrity of the breakoff points must be affirmed by using more sensitive equipment for data acquisition and repeating the measuring process using different potential electrode separations and—where possible—VES profile orientation.

A simple approach to probabilistic CPTu-based geotechnical stratigraphic profiling

Geotechnical profile delineation is an important aspect of the geotechnical engineering design process. The Cone Penetration Test (CPTu) is widely used for this purpose, as it is simple to classify soils based on their different responses to the cone. However, CPTu-based delineations typically involve engineering interpretation, as they are affected by the classification scheme applied, by inherent soil variability and by measurements error. A semi-automated CPTu data treatment tool is here presented aiming to simplify the soil delineation task, adding consistency and transparency to the involved engineering interpretation process and facilitating the transference of information between the different parties involved in design. The tool fits bivariate normal distributions to interpreted CPTu data according to some user specified criteria that quantify estimated classification and measurement uncertainties. Classification makes use of conventional class boundaries –here taken from Robertson, 1990 chart-, which are applied with user-specified refinement. Thin layers are consolidated into adjacent ones to further simplify the resulting profile. The operation of the proposed algorithm is illustrated by interpreting CPTu records from a deltaic sedimentary environment. The outputs of this simple method may be used as input for more advanced probabilistic methodologies, helping thus to bridge the gap between qualitative practice and quantitative research methods.

Abstract 14455: Impact of Computer-Interpreted ECGs on the Accuracy of Medical Professionals

Background: The impact of computer ECG interpretation (CEI) on medical professionals’ performance is understudied. This study aims to assess the interpretation proficiency of diverse medical professionals with and without access to CEI reports. Methods: Medical professionals from diverse backgrounds interpreted 60 12-lead ECGs with urgent and non-urgent findings. The interpretation process involved two interpretation phases: (i) 30 ECGs with clinical statements and (ii) the same 30 ECGs and clinical statements in random order along with a CEI report. Diagnostic performance was evaluated based on interpretation accuracy, time per ECG, and self-reported confidence (rated 0 [not confident], 1 [somewhat confident], or 2 [confident]). Results: Among 892 participants, there were 44 (4.9%) primary care physicians, 123 (13.8%) cardiology fellows-in-training, 259 (29.0%) resident physicians, 137 (15.4%) medical students, 56 (6.3%) advanced practice providers, 82 (9.2%) nurses, and 191 (21.4%) allied health professionals. The inclusion of the CEI significantly improved interpretation accuracy by 15.1% (95% CI, 14.3 to 16.0; P<0.001), reduced interpretation time by 52 seconds (95% CI, -56 to -48; P<0.001), and increased confidence by 0.06 (95% CI, 0.03 to 0.09; P=0.003) (Table 1) . Conclusions: CEI integration improves ECG interpretation accuracy, efficiency, and confidence across medical professionals. Nevertheless, even with CEI, significant gaps in ECG interpretation proficiency remain.

Critical Thinking and Sustainability Awareness of Accounting Students in Higher Education

Sustainability awareness is students' continuous awareness to protect and respect the environment and life surroundings. Awareness of environmental sustainability is one of the prerequisites for environmental attitudes and behavioral changes in caring for the natural environment in the face of climate change and global warming. Higher education holds the responsibility to form students with environmental awareness and change the attitudes of future generations towards the importance of preserving the natural environment. Sustainability awareness is influenced by critical thinking. Critical thinking is the process of making judgments based on the processes of analysis, interpretation, evaluation, inference, explanation and reflection. This research uses simple regression analysis techniques. The research results prove that critical thinking influence on sustainability awareness.