InterPlanetary File System Research Articles

Next-Generation Electronic Health Records with Blockchain Technology

Abstract — The current Electronic Health Record (EHR) systems face challenges in security, efficiency, and patient data control. This paper explores an innovative, blockchain-based EHR system designed to enhance data protection, transparency, and accessibility. Utilizing Ethereum smart contracts for automated transactions, InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) for decentralized storage, and artificial intelligence (AI) for personalized healthcare insights, the proposed system significantly improves interoperability, security, and scalability. A role-based access framework empowers patients to manage their health records while ensuring doctors and administrators can securely access and update information. Performance evaluations demonstrate improvements in efficiency, security, and patient autonomy, positioning this system as a transformative step toward decentralized healthcare. Keywords— Blockchain, Electronic Health Records, Smart Contracts, AI in Healthcare, Decentralized Storage, IPFS, Security, Interoperability, Scalability, Compliance.

A Systematic Review on Blockchain-Based Framework for Storing Educational Records Using InterPlanetary File System

A Systematic Review on Blockchain-Based Framework for Storing Educational Records Using InterPlanetary File System

A Decentralized Approach to Academic Certificate Management Using Blockchain and IPFS

Abstract- The increasing incidence of forged academic certificates has necessitated the development of secure, verifiable systems for credential management. This research proposes a decentralized approach to academic certificate issuance, storage, sharing, and verification utilizing blockchain technology and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS). The system leverages blockchain's immutability to ensure trust and transparency, while IPFS provides decentralized and tamper-proof certificate storage. Advanced cryptographic techniques, including Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC) and AES encryption, are incorporated to enhance data confidentiality during storage and transmission. Smart contracts deployed on the blockchain handle the logging and validation of certificate records, enabling seamless and trustless verification. The proposed system demonstrates a significant improvement over traditional centralized models by providing enhanced security, transparency, and resistance to document tampering. Experimental results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the system, highlighting its potential as a reliable solution for academic institutions and verifiers worldwide. Keywords: Blockchain, Cryptography, SHA-256 hashing, Elliptic Curve Cryptography (ECC), AES encryption, Privacy, Tampering resistance, Forgery prevention, Operational efficiency, Smart Contracts, IPFS, Decentralised Storage

Validation of Academic Credentials Using Block Chain

Abstract - This paper provides solution for verification of academic documents by the third party using block chain technology. For verification of credentials data protection technique is used, which makes the access to documents easier by third party. Every new pass out student need not require carrying all digital identities. This work addresses the issue of fake academic qualifications in competitive job markets. The system implemented here makes the verification process very effective which contributes to reduce the fake credentials. This approach provides third party access for verification of academic documents. This verification process is implemented using web service Pinata which makes the process of sharing and storing files very easily on Interplanetary File System. Smart contracts are developed and deployed using Hardhat platform. Data security and testing is done using integrating tool like Meta mask by leveraging tamper proof nature of block chain. Hence globally the validation of student credentials and enhancement of trust building of new passed out student is ensured by this work. Key Words: Block chain Technology, Smart Contracts, Credential Verification, Digital Identity, Trust.

Blockchain-driven framework for preventive maintenance management of aircraft hydraulic systems

Aviation plays a crucial role in global transportation, providing an essential service for passengers and cargo and contributing significantly to economic growth and international connectivity. However, the increasing number of aircraft accidents and high repair costs emphasize the need for robust maintenance systems. With mechanical failures accounting for 36% of aviation accidents, a secure and efficient preventive maintenance system is essential to enhance safety and reduce downtime. Traditional methods suffer from delayed inspections, fragmented documentation, and inefficiencies in spare parts management, leading to increased operational costs and downtime. This paper proposes a blockchain-based solution integrating Ethereum smart contracts, Time Oracles, and InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to automate maintenance scheduling, ensure data integrity, and enhance traceability. Time Oracles trigger maintenance at predefined intervals, ensuring timely inspections, while IPFS securely stores maintenance records, preventing data loss or tampering. Smart contracts automate maintenance workflows and spare parts procurement, improving efficiency and accountability. This paper details the system architecture, underlying algorithms, and rigorous testing and validation processes. Furthermore, a cost and security analysis evaluates the solution’s effectiveness, demonstrating its potential to significantly enhance safety, reduce operational costs, and improve transparency across aviation maintenance protocols.

BlockShare – Blockchain Based Secure Data Sharing Platform

Abstract - In the rapidly advancing digital era, the requirement for secure, transparent, and reliable data-sharing mechanisms has become increasingly critical across various sectors. Traditional centralized data-sharing models suffer from inherent limitations, including vulnerability to data breaches, unauthorized access, single points of failure, and insufficient transparency in data access and audit trails. These challenges compromise not only the confidentiality and integrity of sensitive data but also erode stakeholder trust in digital systems. To overcome these issues, this paper presents BlockShare, a blockchain-powered, decentralized framework designed to facilitate secure, tamper-proof, and efficient data exchange. BlockShare leverages the foundational principles of blockchain technology—namely decentralization, immutability, and transparency—to enhance the robustness and reliability of data-sharing architectures. The proposed system eliminates central authority dependence by distributing data storage and control across a decentralized ledger, thereby minimizing potential attack vectors and ensuring continuous data availability. To regulate data access and maintain policy enforcement, smart contracts written in Solidity are integrated within the system. These smart contracts autonomously manage permissions and user authentication, ensuring that only verified and authorized parties can access specific datasets, with every action recorded immutably on the blockchain. Moreover, data confidentiality is preserved through the implementation of AES-256 encryption, a widely recognized standard for high-security data protection. Prior to storage, all data is encrypted and then uploaded to a decentralized file system, specifically the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), which provides enhanced fault tolerance, redundancy, and distributed access. This dual-layered approach—combining blockchain for governance and IPFS for storage—ensures that data remains protected both in transit and at rest. By integrating smart contract-based automation, robust encryption protocols, and distributed storage solutions, BlockShare delivers a scalable and resilient infrastructure for data exchange. The system is particularly applicable in domains requiring stringent data protection and transparency, such as healthcare, finance, legal, and government sectors. Through this innovative approach, BlockShare aims to redefine trust in digital interactions and lay the groundwork for the next generation of secure data-sharing ecosystems. Keywords - Blockchain, Data Sharing, Decentralized Storage, Smart Contracts, Encryption, IPFS, Ethereum, Security, Data Privacy, AES-256, Web3, Authentication, DApp, Decentralization, Access Control.

EtherRights: Securing Intellectual Property Rights with Ethereum-Based Blockchain Solutions

Blockchain technology has become a disruptive breakthrough in the digital age, altering how information is maintained and exchanged. However, traditional intellectual property systems face several challenges, such as centralized data repositories, dependability issues, performance bottlenecks, and opaque processes. These problems necessitate a novel strategy, and blockchain enables safe, open, and unchangeable record-keeping via a connected chain of blocks. A new age of tamper-proof digital collaboration is introduced owing to this distributed structure, which eliminates intermediaries and permits trustless peer-to-peer transactions. Furthermore, conventional approaches to securing intellectual property rights are no longer relevant due to the growing digitization of information. Our system integrates blockchain technology, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to revolutionize patent administration. Our work aims to provide a cutting-edge platform for patent registration, trade, and management by utilizing blockchain technology's decentralization, transparency, immutability, the distinctiveness of NFTs, and the strength of IPFS. Our framework modernizes the intellectual property landscape by bolstering rights and encouraging a more creative and collaborative atmosphere. It handles essential issues such as data transparency, ownership identification, secure storage, and transaction efficiency.

Blockcert: Blockchain Based Document Verification System

Document verification systems play a crucial role in ensuring the authenticity of certificates, academic records, and official documents. However, traditional verification methods suffer from inefficiencies, high operational costs, and vulnerability to forgery. To address these challenges, this paper presents Blockcert, a blockchain-based document verification system that leverages the decentralized, immutable, and transparent nature of blockchain technology. By utilizing Ethereum smart contracts and a distributed ledger, Blockcert ensures that documents remain tamper-proof and verifiable in real-time without reliance on centralized authorities. Additionally, cryptographic hashing and digital signatures are integrated to enhance security and automate the verification process. This research explores the architecture and implementation of Blockcert, detailing its Ethereum-based smart contract deployment, the use of the Inter Planetary File System (IPFS) for decentralized storage, and the development of a React.js-based web interface for seamless user interaction. A comprehensive security analysis demonstrates how the system upholds document confidentiality, integrity, and availability, while mitigating risks such as unauthorized modifications and data loss. Furthermore, we examine scalability challenges, transaction costs, and real-world limitations, proposing enhancements to optimize performance, interoperability, and adoption. The findings indicate that blockchain technology provides a robust, scalable, and transparent solution for secure document verification, making Blockcert a viable alternative to traditional verification systems.

EtherRights: Securing Intellectual Property Rights with Ethereum-Based Blockchain Solutions

Blockchain technology has become a disruptive breakthrough in the digital age, altering how information is maintained and exchanged. However, traditional intellectual property systems face several challenges, such as centralized data repositories, dependability issues, performance bottlenecks, and opaque processes. These problems necessitate a novel strategy, and blockchain enables safe, open, and unchangeable record-keeping via a connected chain of blocks. A new age of tamper-proof digital collaboration is introduced owing to this distributed structure, which eliminates intermediaries and permits trustless peer-to-peer transactions. Furthermore, conventional approaches to securing intellectual property rights are no longer relevant due to the growing digitization of information. Our system integrates blockchain technology, Non-Fungible Tokens (NFTs), and the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to revolutionize patent administration. Our work aims to provide a cutting-edge platform for patent registration, trade, and management by utilizing blockchain technology's decentralization, transparency, immutability, the distinctiveness of NFTs, and the strength of IPFS. Our framework modernizes the intellectual property landscape by bolstering rights and encouraging a more creative and collaborative atmosphere. It handles essential issues such as data transparency, ownership identification, secure storage, and transaction efficiency.

Block Chain Technology-Based Crypto-Go-Charity for Scholarship Donation Tracking Platform

In the philanthropy sector, new technology is required to address issues like lack of transparency, trust, and accountability, as well as extended processing times and expenses. So, the present research examines the application of blockchain (BC) technology to enhance the donation tracking Platform, which delivers data immutability, and transaction transparency, as well as peer-to-peer transactions, as well as it is all the rage in today's technological period. BC enables the tracking of every donation, by permitting the donors to track the usage of their funds. The three primary roles of the present research are nongovernmental organization, Donors, as well as scholar beneficiaries. Corporate social responsibility (CSR) funds of industries are considered as donations, which causes educational scholarship for the initial prototype building. Subsequently, this prototype is scalable to every feasible field of educational scholarship as well as other methods of philanthropy. Thus, a Crypto-Go-Charity is proposed to solve the problems of the supply chain by utilizing the Ethereum BC and delivering a more secure and immutable ecosystem for scholarships. Solidity language is utilized here to write smart contracts and InterPlanetary File System for document storage. The performance is demonstrated by calculating the evaluation metrics as the privacy ratio and computational time for 200 users with the number of verifications at 300, as well as a key size of 50 kb, is 97.52% and 89.28 s, respectively. Likewise, the detection rate and memory usage of the system acquired the value of 98% and 81.46 MB for 200 users with the number of verifications at 300 as well as a key size of 50 kb.

Blockchain Based Cloud File Sharing System

Although blockchain is excellent for decentralized transaction recording, it has certain drawbacks when it comes to storing big files or documents. Decentralized storage systems have been created to effectively manage greater volumes of data in order to address this problem. A distributed system called blockchain makes sure that transactions are safe and clear. To enhance data sharing, some strategies have looked into combining blockchain with other technologies. However, relying solely on blockchain technology for safe file sharing has drawbacks. In this study, we present a secure file-sharing system that combines group key management and distributed access control. To make sure that only authorized users may access shared data, our system uses blockchain technology to enforce control regulations. Depending on their preferences, users can join existing groups or form new ones. Although access control techniques are not inherent in typical blockchain networks, our solution efficiently regulates access restrictions, granting members access to only the files that belong to their approved groups. By protecting against unwanted access, guaranteeing data integrity, and keeping a clear transaction history, the system improves security. Access control is automated using smart contracts, which lessens the need for centralized authorities. Furthermore, file confidentiality is protected during transmission and storage using encryption mechanisms. Using blockchain technology, this method offers a scalable and effective way to share files securely on the cloud. Keywords: Cloud, Blockchain, file sharing, Inter-Planetary File System (IPFS), access control, group key management

A Comprehensive Survey on Resume Verification using Blockchain technology

Blockchain technology has developed be- yond its original application in cryptocurrencies and is now widely recognized for its potential to completely transform a number of different industries. This survey report supports provides a thorough analysis of blockchain research. Applications in a number of industries, including as healthcare, banking, governance, education, and supply chain management. Blockchain’s decentralized, open, and safe architecture presents encouraging answers to problems like trust, privacy, and data integrity. Blockchain is allowing smart contracts, decreasing fraud, and revolutionizing payments and transactions in the financial industry. It improves patient data management and guarantees the safe exchange of medical records in the healthcare industry. Supply chain operations are being reshaped by the technology’s capacity to track products and authenticate them, and it also makes it easier for academic credentials to be securely recorded in the classroom. Blockchain is also being incorporated into governance frameworks to improve openness and lessen corruption. This study attempts to illustrate the wide-ranging effects of blockchain technology and its potential to transform a variety of industries by examining recent developments, difficulties, and viable paths forward. Index Terms—blockchain, decentralized systems, crypto- graphic security, smart contracts, distributed ledger, data integrity, privacy, transparency, scalability, supply chain management, healthcare, finance, governance, education, Interplanetary File System (IPFS), machine learning integration, consensus mechanisms, digital transformation

Zero-Trust Medical Image Sharing: A Secure and Decentralized Approach Using Blockchain and the IPFS

The secure and efficient storage and sharing of medical images have become increasingly important due to rising security threats and performance limitations in existing healthcare systems. Centralized systems struggle to provide adequate privacy, rapid access, and reliable storage for sensitive medical images. This paper proposes a decentralized medical image-sharing framework to address these issues by integrating blockchain technology, the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), and edge computing. Blockchain technology enforces secure patient-centric access control through smart contracts that enable patients to directly manage their data-sharing permissions. The IPFS provides decentralized and scalable storage for medical images and effectively resolves the storage limitations associated with blockchain. Edge computing enhances system responsiveness by significantly reducing latency through local data processing to ensure timely medical image access. Robust security is ensured by using elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) for secure key management and the Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) for encrypting medical images to protect against unauthorized access and data breaches. Additionally, the system includes real-time monitoring to promptly detect and respond to unauthorized access attempts to ensure continuous protection against potential security threats. System results demonstrate that the proposed framework achieves lower latency, higher throughput, and improved security compared to traditional centralized storage solutions, which makes our system suitable for practical deployment in modern healthcare settings.

Efficient blockchain based solution for secure medical record management

Electronic medical records (EMRs) have become a key player in the healthcare ecosystem contributing to the assessment of ailments, the choice of the treatment avenue, and the delivery of services. However, there is consideration of EMR storage whereby centralized storage leads to increased security and privacy issues in the patient’s record. In this paper, we proposed a blockchain and interplanetary file system (IPFS) based prototype model for EMR management. It provides a smart contract-enabled decentralized storage platform where healthcare data security, availability, and access management are prioritized. This model also employs cryptographic techniques to protect sensitive healthcare data. Finally, the model is evaluated in a realistic scenario. The experimental results demonstrate that compared to the current systems, the proposed prototype model outperforms them in terms of efficiency, privacy, and security.

Performance Evaluation of A Lightweight Consensus Protocol for Blockchaini IoT Networks

The consensus protocol is essential in practically every blockchain application. Most of these existing blockchain consensus protocols need massive computationalcapabilities, substantial energy consumption, and dependency on monetary stakes. These shortcomings in the mainstream consensus approach lead to their unsuitability for low-resource applications like IoT. As a result of this work, a lightweight consensus process referred as Delegated Proof of Accessibility(DPoAC) is implemented and evaluated. DPoAC makes use of Shamir secret sharing, Proof of Stake (PoS) with random selection, and the Inter-PlanetaryFile System (IPFS). The DPoAC operation is composed of four modules: secret generation and distribution, retrieval of secret shares, block creation andverification, and block rewards and penalty. A detailed description of DPoAC has been provided and implemented in JavaScript and experimental resultsdemonstrate that our solution meets the necessary performance and security requirements for a lightweight scalable protocol for IoT systems.

Blockchain reputation-based consensus mechanism for distributed medical supply chain drug traceability with pyramidal ShuffleNet

Healthcare (HC) supply chains are complicated configurations spanning numerous geographical and organizational boundaries, offering significant backbone to the services essential for daily life. Accordingly, current research hasemphasized the requirement for robust and end-to-end tracking as well as traceability systems for pharmaceutical supply chains (PSC). Thereby, the end-to-end product traceability system over PSC is vital to assure the safety of drugs and reject counterfeits. The usability of blockchain (BC) adds visibility and traceability of the supply chains like PSC and offers every data from end to end. Various current traceability systems are centralized directing to data privacy, authenticity and transparency problems in HC supply chains. In this research, Pyramidal ShuffleNet (Py-ShuffleNet) is introduced for distributed medical supply chain (MSC) drug traceability. Initially, the Blockchain Reputation-Based Consensus (BRBC) system model is simulated. The entities involved are pharmaceutical Company (PC) (manufacturer), wholesaler, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), distributor, Inter Planetary File System (IPFS), smart contract (SC), patients and retailer (pharmacy). The steps performed are registration, authentication, drug distribution, certificate generation, key generation, verification, drug traceability, access control, miner selection, implicit jury selection, miner monitoring and malicious miner expulsion. Here, miner monitoring is accomplished by utilizing Py-ShuffleNet for security purposes. However, Py-ShuffleNet is devised by integrating Deep Pyramidal Residual Network (PyramidNet) with ShuffleNet. Furthermore, Py-ShuffleNet achieved a maximal average reputation score of about 0.945, average transition score of about 0.930, malicious behavior detection of about 667.304 s, a ratio of expulsion of about 0.969, Computational cost of 4.161 s, Energy consumption of 0.590 J, False Negative Rate (FNR) of 0.081, latency of 0.512 s, and transaction cost of 0.406.

AML-Based Multi-Dimensional Co-Evolution Approach Supported by Blockchain: Architecture Design and Case Study on Intelligent Production Lines for Industry 4.0

Based on Automation ML (AML), Intelligent Production Lines (IPLs) for Industry 4.0 can effectively organize multi-dimensional data and models. However, this process requires interdisciplinary and multi-team contributions, which often involve the dual pressures of private data encryption and public data sharing. As a transparent decentralized network, blockchain’s compatibility with the challenges of AML collaboration processes, data security, and privacy is not ideal. This paper proposes a new method to enhance the collaborative evolution of IPLs. Its innovations are, firstly, developing a comprehensive two-layer management model, combining blockchain with the Interplanetary File System (IPFS) to build an integrated solution for private and public hybrid containers based on a collaborative model; secondly, designing a version co-evolution management method by combining smart contract workflows and AML multi-dimensional modeling processes; meanwhile, introducing a specially designed conflict resolution mechanism based on the graph model to maintain consistency in version multi-batch management and; finally, using the test cases established in the lab’s I5Blocks for verification.

Enhancing Blended Learning Evaluation Through a Blockchain and Searchable Encryption Approach

With the rapid development of information technology, blended learning has become a crucial aspect of modern education. However, the fragmented use of various teaching platforms, such as Xuexitong and Rain Classroom, has led to the dispersion of teaching data. This not only increases the cognitive load on teachers and students but also hinders the systematic recording of teaching activities and learning outcomes. Moreover, existing blended learning evaluation systems exhibit significant shortcomings in large-scale data storage and secure sharing. To address these issues, this study designs a blended teaching evaluation management system based on blockchain and searchable encryption. First, an on-chain and off-chain collaborative storage model is established using the Ethereum blockchain and the InterPlanetary File System (IPFS) to ensure secure and large-scale storage of student work data. Next, a role-based access control scheme utilizing smart contracts is proposed to effectively prevent unauthorized access. Simultaneously, a searchable encryption scheme is designed using AES-CBC-256 and SHA-256 algorithms, enabling data sharing while safeguarding data privacy. Additionally, the smart contract comprehensively records students’ grade information, including weekly regular scores, midterm scores, final scores, overall scores, and their rankings, ensuring transparency in the evaluation process. Based on these technical solutions, a general-purpose teaching evaluation management system (B-Education) is developed. The experimental results demonstrate that the system accurately records teaching activities and learning outcomes, improving the transparency of teaching evaluations while ensuring data security and privacy. The system’s gas consumption remains within a reasonable range, demonstrating good flexibility and usability. Educational institutions can flexibly configure course evaluation criteria and adjust the weighting of various grades based on their specific needs. This study provides an innovative solution for blended teaching evaluation, offering significant theoretical value and practical implications.

Design and implementation of a decentralized document management system

Design and implementation of a decentralized document management system

A blockchain-based smart healthcare system for data protection.

A blockchain-based smart healthcare system for data protection.