International Referees Research Articles

Impact of Flipped Classroom on Developing Language Skills among EFL and ESL Students

This article gives an overview of the status quo of the flipped classroom in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) and English as a Second Language (ESL) classrooms. Systematic Review method was used to compare findings from various studies and assess their quality and strengths The paper reviewed fifteen published research articles from different international refereed journal publications. These researches were conducted from 2016 to 2021. The articles were analysed utilising a content analysis method. The review provides the different definitions of the flipped classroom and its theoretical foundation, the students’ and teachers’ attitudes and perceptions towards flipped classrooms, its challenges and benefits, and its impact on the development of language skills of EFL and ESL students. Through this review, English language teachers will have a thorough understanding of the flipped language classroom, which may serve as a baseline for its effective adoption and implementation. Moreover, this review may add to the existing knowledge of the flipped classroom.

Assessing the Match Physical Responses of International Referees for Footballers with Cerebral Palsy: A Tournaments and Halves Comparative Analysis.

Similar to conventional football, the modality dedicated to footballers with cerebral palsy (CP) requires referees who cope with the physical demands imposed during competitive matches to apply the rules of the game. While a significant body of research has explored the physical demands on referees in mainstream football, there is a noticeable lack of data regarding CP football. This study aimed to examine the physical response of international referees participating in different levels of world competitions for footballers with CP. Thirteen international referees, who officiated 49 matches in the men's 2022 World Cup (1st to 15th ranked teams) and 2022 World Championships (16th to 30th ranked teams), participated in this study. A cross-sectional design was used to determine the physical responses and compare the 1st and 2nd halves and the performance in the different tournaments, recording physical variables throughout the matches. Significant higher physical responses were observed in the World Cup in comparison to the World Championship. Overall, high-level tournaments have been shown to elicit more intense physical responses from referees officiating CP football matches compared to lower-level tournaments. For the World Cup, a significantly higher number of accelerations and decelerations were registered in the 1st half compared to the 2nd half. This information may be useful for the strength and conditioning coaches of referees to plan weekly training sessions more specifically and adjust the periodical training load and post-match recovery protocols.

Differences in judging judo matches between judges with different qualifications, coaches and players

The conducted research aimed to ascertain disparities in the proficiency of appraising combat scenarios among referees varying in their officiating expertise, coaches, and judo athletes. Ninety individuals partook in the study, comprising international referees, national referees, coaches, and judo athletes. Participants were assigned the task of allotting one of six possible ratings to each presented action and categorizing it into one of the groups. A meticulous analysis reveals certain distinctions as well as resemblances in the evaluations of selected actions among referees, coaches, and athletes. A notable incongruity in the appraisal of actions was noted in the shido penalty, where referees demonstrated the most precise assessments, while coaches and athletes rated them similarly. Substantial differences were identified in the evaluation of the hansoku-make penalty, as the coaches' cohort markedly disagreed with the actions depicted in the video and failed to acknowledge that the demonstrated actions warranted the most severe penalty permissible in judo competitions, namely the disqualification of the athlete during the match. Among the three groups examined, referees exhibited the highest level of accuracy in evaluating judo actions. International referees, in comparison to national referees, demonstrated superior assessment of judo actions, and this discrepancy was statistically significant. International referees more effectively evaluated judo actions such as yuko, waza-ari, shido, ippon, and hansoku-make in comparison to union referees. In one instance, union referees exhibited superior assessment of judo actions, specifically in the case of no score actions.

Content Analysis of Academic Studies Related to Orienteering Sport in Türkiye Between 2001-2021

The aim of this study is to examine the data on publication type, publication year, publication language, research method, data collection tools, sample type and research topics in academic studies related to orienteering sport in Türkiye between 2001-2021. Content analysis method, one of the qualitative research methods, has been used as the research model. The data were collected by literature review and analyzed using explanatory content analysis technique. As a result, it has been determined that the number of studies has increased as of 2017, the cognitive aspect of orienteering sports has come to the fore as a subject, and the number of doctoral dissertations is insufficient. In the studies examined, Turkish as a language, quantitative studies as a method, and athletes as a sample type are more numerous. According to the results of this study, the following suggestions can be made: The number of doctoral theses, the number of studies in English language that can be published in international refereed journals, the number of studies conducted by qualitative and mixed methods, studies related to different groups such as referees, coaches and managers should be increased. Orientation sport-specific attitude scale or questionnaire development studies should be done. A wider literature review should be made by considering the current developments and the relations of orienteering sports with different disciplines. Since orienteering sport has cognitive characteristics and can be used as an educational tool, studies related to different disciplines should be carried out.Keywords: Academic Studies, Content Analysis, Orienteering

Obstacles to scientific publishing in scientific journals classified within the (ISI) and (Scopus) databases from the point of view of faculty members in some universities in Arab countries

This study sought to identify the most prominent obstacles to publishing in international refereed scientific journals classified within the (ISI) and (Scopus) databases from the faculty members' point of view, the extent of their interest in conducting research and publishing it in international refereed journals. It also shed light on the significance of publishing in refereed journals for faculty members and the most important opportunities that publishing in journals provides for faculty members and most of the bodies in which studies, research and books are published. The study used the descriptive-analytical approach. The researcher used a questionnaire to reveal the obstacles to scientific publishing in international refereed scientific journals. The questionnaire consisted of (20) phrases using a five-point scale (agree, strongly agree, neutral, disagree, Strongly Disagree). The study sample was limited to 200 faculty members in some Saudi and non-Saudi universities. The study found several obstacles to publication in international refereed journals, including the lengthy period spent in the research refereeing process, the high cost of publishing in international refereed scientific journals, the large teaching load, and the multiplicity of routine procedures associated with submitting and receiving research for publication in international refereed scientific journals classified, and the length of time taken in the process of receiving research published in international scientific journals. The study came out with several recommendations, the most important of which is the need to launch a unified website for Arab universities that includes fixed and transparent standards that serve as the primary reference for researchers in the Arab world concerning the rules of scientific authorship and publication.

Preface

The 2023 2nd International Conference on Electronics Technology and Artificial Intelligence (ETAI 2023) took place during August 18th to 20th, 2023 in Changsha, China (hybrid form). ETAI exists as an international annual conference which tries to meet the needs for various kinds of electronics technology and artificial intelligence and has been established as a high-quality international conference.The Conference took “bringing together global wisdom in scientific innovation to promote high-quality development” as the theme. It encouraged the exchange of information on research frontiers in different fields, connected the most advanced academic resources at home and abroad, and turned research results into industrial solutions. It also promoted the development of the fields related to electronics technology and artificial intelligence, expanded the international scientific and academic exchange channels, enhanced scientific innovation on a global scale, and contributed to academic cooperation between China and the international community.The Conference was attended by about 50 participants and hosted 3 keynote speeches, several oral presentations as well as poster presentations. The 2nd ETAI covered various research fields where electronics technology and artificial intelligence are used, such as Power Electronics Technology, Integrated Circuit Design and Integrated Systems, Advanced Electromagnetics, Artificial Intelligence Modeling and Simulation, Intelligent and Artificial Intelligence Control, etc.According to all attendees, the scientific program was excellent with high level of presentations and the scientific environment was fruitful, thus all attendees had a great and creative time. Among them, Prof. Jahangir Hossain (University of Technology Sydney, Australia) first performed a keynote speech. He mainly focuses his study on areas of Power Systems, Wind Generator Integration and Stabilization, Voltage Stability, Micro Grids, Robust Control, etc. Besides, he has published more than 300 articles in international refereed journals and conferences which attracted more than 7100 citations (Google Scholar) with H-index 44. Prof. Bing Shi (Wuhan University of Technology, China), whose research fields cover artificial intelligence and multi-agent systems, also made a keynote report. With rounds of dramatic researches sharing and ideas exchanging, the Conference was made filled with strong academic atmosphere.We would like to thank our host and sponsor for providing their excellent organization and support for the needs of the Conference. We would also like to thank the members of the Organizing Committee as well as the members of the Technical Program Committee. Our gratitude also goes to Journal of Physics: Conference Series for its support in publishing this volume.The Committee of ETAI 2023List of Committee Member are available in the pdf.

Starting Point: An Investigation of Awareness Studies for Individuals with Special Needs in the Preschool Period

Preschool is a critical developmental period when the first steps are taken in terms of forming different attitudes and judgments. The main motivation source of this study is the absence of a study where research on the acceptance of individuals with special needs and raising awareness for them in preschool, which is considered the first step toward inclusion, is synthesized. Therefore, the present study aims to systematically determine which awareness studies are carried out in classroom and school settings to increase the social acceptance of children with special needs, who take the first step into the inclusive education process with preschool education in Turkey. This study was conducted by adopting the systematic review methodology. Considering the criteria determined in the current study, no year limitation was made for the beginning. Studies published in the national literature and conducted on "Awareness for individuals with special needs in the preschool period" were examined. To this end, an advanced search field was used in Anadolu University Library databases; the DergiPark database, Google Scholar search, and National Thesis Center were also included in the screening process. The research includes theses conducted with individuals with special needs in the preschool period and studies published in national and international refereed journals in Turkish and English. A total of 41,724 studies were obtained. The studies obtained as a result of the screening continue to be examined according to the determined inclusion and exclusion criteria. The screening process and the application process of the inclusion and exclusion criteria will be visualized by adopting the PRISMA model. The included studies will be analyzed descriptively. The findings regarding the demographic, methodological, and finding variables of the studies will be shared in detail during the presentation at the congress.

세계태권도한마당 경기의 활성화 방안

Over the years, there has been a decreasing number of foreign participating countries in the World Taekwondo Hanmadang Competition, which has greatly contributed to making Taekwondo a sport for all and not just a competition sport, so this study aims to present problems and improvement measures. First, the participating divisions of the Taekwondo Hanmadang should be subdivided more diversely. Second, competitions for each dan should be included in the official World Taekwondo Hanmadang poomsae competition in which 8 dan and 9 dan can participate. Third, refresher training should be held beforehand for international referees and operating personnel who participate in the Taekwondo Hanmadang. Fourth, government budgets for the Taekwondo Hanmadang should be secured and promotions through various media should be strenghthened. Fifth, specialist benefits should be given to winners of the Taekwondo Hanmadang. Sixth, various events and local programs centered on participants in the World Taekwondo Hanmadang should be linked together.

Morphological Characteristics of Elite International Soccer Referees: Somatotype and Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis.

This study aimed to assess the physical characteristics of elite international soccer referees, compare them with other referee populations in the literature, and establish reference tolerance ellipses for the bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) point graph. Forty-one elite international soccer referees (age 38.8 ± 3.6 years) participated in the study. The participants underwent body composition assessments, including dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, BIVA, and somatotype. The Somatotype Attitudinal Distance (SAD), the two-sample Hotelling's T2 test and the Mahalanobis test were used to determine somatotype and bioelectrical vector differences with the literature. The average somatotype of the referees was a balanced mesomorph (2.8, 6.5, 2.8). Elite international referees significantly differed from other samples in the literature (SAD = 2.1, 2.6, 2.9 with respect to Zimbabwean, Brazilian, and South African referees, respectively). The bioelectrical vector was significantly different from the general population (T2 ≤ 76.6; F = 38.8; D = 1.44; p < 0.001) and athletes (T2 ≤ 25.3; F = 12.6; D = 0.8; p < 0.001). Somatotype values and tolerance ellipses from this study may be useful as a reference for developing training programs and improving the selection process of referees in soccer.

First-person video recordings with eye tracking glasses and cognitive task analysis as a framework for referee decision training

ABSTRACT Rationale In comparison to players little is known about how sports officials integrate perception and cognition to manage in-game decisions. Design Using a naturalistic approach this paper uses first-person eye-tracked video footage to document the attentional demands and situation awareness (SA) of expert touch (rugby/football) referees in their real-world environment to inform decision training for amateur officials. Drawing directly from match performances, an applied cognitive task analysis (ACTA) technique investigated how three international referees manage complex attentional demands, to see what lessons could be learned for less-experienced referees. Findings Referees emphasised the importance of role clarity and game understanding as the foundation for effective match officiating. They used advanced cues such as player body language and movement patterns (SA1) to interpret game status (SA2) and predict likely actions and movement patterns (SA3). Ordering abstraction, preventive communication and early positioning were used to lessen cognitive load and encourage game flow. Practical Implications The merits of using first-person, eye-tracked, audio-visual footage with ACTA for training less experienced sports officials through expert verbal elicitation or self-reflection are discussed. Research Contribution The paper proposes a decision tree for touch refereeing which emphasises a hierarchical ordering of cognitive decision points that provides the basis for training amateur referees.

Research themes of geographical information science during 1991–2020: a retrospective bibliometric analysis

About 30 years have passed since Michael F. Goodchild proposed the term geographical information science (GIScience) in 1992. In the past 30 years, GIScience has made great progress in expanding research findings and perfecting theories and methods. To understand the development progress of GIScience, this research conducts a bibliometric analysis of 9400 publications between 1991 and 2020 in 10 international refereed journals and 2 international conferences of GIScience. We analyze the publication statistics and trends in GIScience from two aspects of journals/conferences and countries/territories. Based on the community detection of the citation network, we extract 15 research themes and show their leading authors and highly cited articles. Furthermore, the change of publication number in different themes over time can indicate the evolution of some research focuses in GIScience. The results demonstrate that the publication proportions of some themes grow rapidly, such as “moving object,” “volunteered geographic information,” and “geographically weight regression,” while the publication proportions of some themes are decreasing, such as “digital elevation model,” “planning support system,” and “ontology.” In the discussion, the journal distribution of papers on different themes is discussed. Moreover, we suggest a few research directions that are worthy of attention in the future.

Investigation of hockey referees' levels of sport commitment to attending referee training: An example of examining in terms of education level and gender variable

This study aims to examine the behaviors of hockey referees in Turkey to continue and quit the refereeing profession and to examine their sports commitment levels. A total of 70 referees (37 women, 33 men) participated in the research, including trainee, county, national and international referees. In the research, the “Sport Commitment Scale” developed by Scanlan et al. (1993) and reorganized by Vanyperen was used. The scale is a 5-point Likert scale consisting of 20 items and consists of a total of 6 sub-dimensions as enjoyment, participation alternatives, personal investment, social barriers, participation opportunities and intention to quit refereeing. The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0 Program. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the data showed a normal distribution. Considering the gender variable, a significant result was obtained in the sub-dimension of female referees' personal investment and participation alternatives (p &lt; 0.05). According to the education level variable, a significant result was revealed in the sub-dimension of social barriers and quitting the refereeing (p &lt; 0.05). As a result, it was concluded that they liked the refereeing profession, they considered it as an opportunity to participate, and especially female referees regarded the refereeing profession as a personal investment tool, and it was also found that both male and female referees were exposed to social barriers. In this sense, it is seen that the conscious awareness levels of the masters and doctoral referees are high and their stress and pressure management is better.

How Gender Influences Arab Academics’ Using of Certainty Markers

One of the most significant abilities of professional communication in academic writing is articulating uncertainty and conviction. In this context, this study aims to identify whether a researcher's gender affects their use of interactional metadiscourse, particularly certainty markers, in published research articles written by Arab academics. The study data is collected from twenty research articles from international refereed journals. As the study analyses the effect of two variables (male vs. female) on the use of interactional metadiscourse (certainty markers), a t-test was used to analyze the data. The data analysis revealed significant differences in the effect of gender on the use of interactional metadiscourse markers in favor of female researchers. Based on these findings, the study recommends that educational institutions offer systemic training packages to help postgraduate students and novice researchers to write theses and research articles that reflect these developments.

Boosting of Existing Algorithms with Boundary Reduction for Shortest Path Problem

Informatica is an international refereed journal. publishes papers addressing all issues of interests to computer and informatics professionals and cognitive scientists: from scientific and technical to educational, commercial and industrial.

Peer review declaration

The review processes in the 6th ICSBE 2021 were conducted using own system named conference management system (CMC), which was done by expert referees from the professional (national and international referees) and close scientific background. All the accepted papers passed two round review processed by two different reviewers, where each of them did not know. Followings are detail peer review information.• Type of peer review: Double-blind Peer review was conducted by double blind type with both of author and reviewers do not each other. And, in the paper, the author did not write the name and affiliation in the review processes. Review processes were done by two round reviews: 1st round: review and comments by two reviewers, and 2nd round: reviewers checked any revision from author based on the comments.• Conference submission management system:The 6th ICSBE used conference management system (CMC) to deal various tasks including submitting your paper, receiving the results of paper review, submitting the final (camera-ready) version of your paper, registering as participant (as a presenter or an observer) in the Conference, receiving invoice to be paid prior to the Conference, uploading your proof of payment and receiving the receipt of your payment, receiving unique QR-code for on-site registration, receiving certificate of participation in an electronic form. Following is the link of CMC system: https://icsbe.tsipil-uii.ac.id/otentifikasi/• Number of submissions received: We received 81 papers• Number of submissions sent for review: Number paper for review is 76 papers• Number of submissions accepted: Number paper accepted is 50 papers.• Acceptance Rate (Number of Submissions Accepted / Number of Submissions Received X 100): Acceptance rate is 66%.• Average number of reviews per paper: Each paper was two round reviews.• Total number of reviewers involved:Total number reviewers involved were 44 people including national and international reviewers.• Any additional info on review process:In the review process, the authors have to provide the revision report using revision report template. The paper rejection will be taken in following conditions: 1) Not using English, 2) revision is not performed based on reviewer comments, 3) not fit the IOP template, 4) papers double submitted, and 5) return revision paper out of deadline.• Contact person for queries:Name : Dewi Wulandari, S.Hut., M.Agr., Ph.DAffiliation : Universitas Islam IndonesiaEmail : dewi.wulandari@uii.ac.id

Publication Status Of Graduate Thesis Of İnternal Disease Nursing: A Systematic Review

Introduction: Transforming master's theses into publication is important for sharing scientific knowledge. Aim: This study was conducted to determine the conversion rate of internal medicine nursing master's theses made in Turkey into scientific articles. Method: Between December 2019 and February 2020, the thesis database of the Council of Higher Education of the Republic of Turkey was used. All master theses are held, as a legal requirement, and were searched for "Internal Medicine Nursing" and "Nursing" master theses completed between 2004 and 2018. The publication rate of these theses was found by searching for the names of thesis author and supervisor on the following databases: PubMed, Thomson Reuters Web of Science, Google Scholar, Turkish Medline, and Turkish Academic Network and Information Center National Academic Network. Results: More than thirty (31.4%) of 616 theses included in the study were published in Science Citation Index, Science Citation Index Expanded and Social Sciences Citation Index, 3.5% in Emerging Sources Citation Index, 25.0% in other international refereed journals, 19.9% in national academic network and information center, and 20.2% in other national refereed journals. Conclusion: It was determined that less than half of the master's theses in the field of internal medicine nursing were published and that, of these published theses, less than half appeared in journals covered by Science Citation Index, Science Citation Index Expanded, or Social Sciences Citation Index. Solutions must be generated to promote the Science Citation Index, Science Citation Index Expanded, or Social Sciences Citation Index publication of master theses.

Digital preservation in institutional repositories: a systematic literature review

PurposeThis paper aims to carry out a literature review on the implementation of digital preservation policies, strategies and actions by institutional repositories. The objective is to identify, out of the published experiences, at which level they are fulfilling the function of ensuring the long-term availability of the deposited materials.Design/methodology/approachUsing a systematic literature review methodology, a total of 21 articles from international refereed journals published between 2009 and 2020 are reviewed.FindingsThe research production on this subject is very limited. The scarce number of published articles proves that the interest of repository managers has been focused on issues other than to assure the long-term availability of the assets they store. The literature review has not found clear evidence about how institutional repositories are implementing digital preservation. It is particularly striking the lack of works focused on the situation in European countries. More field studies are needed. They would allow to extract conclusions and produce best practices to help managers to improve preservation strategies.Originality/valueThis study has shown that one of the main functions of repositories is not being dealt with as promised by repository managers. More work in this area is needed. In particular, it is necessary for a study at the European level to gather detailed data that will allow to draw a portrait of the current situation, extract conclusions and produce best practices to help managers to improve or develop preservation strategies.

Introducing TASK

We are very proud to present the very first issue of Task. Journal on task-based language teaching and learning. It is an international refereed journal dedicated to promoting and disseminating scholarship and research in the field of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and learning. In this preface, we will briefly describe the history that led to this journal, define what we mean by task-based language teaching and learning, and describe the main ambitions we as editors have with this journal. We will also reflect on the different types of articles the journal will welcome, and present the articles in this inaugural issue.

EFFECTIVE ADMINISTRATIVE PLANNING FOR THE IRAQI BASKETBALL FEDERATION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF THE REFEREES WORKING

The aim of the research is to identify the effective administrative planning process for the Iraqi Basketball Federation from the point of view of the working referees, where the research procedures were carried out on a sample chosen by the deliberate method and consisted of (15) international referees from workers in the Federation and through a special form and paragraphs related to the administrative work of the Federation, noting that An exploratory experiment was conducted on referees from Baghdad, numbering (3) referees outside the main sample, and after statistical treatments, the results showed great feasibility through an effective management planning process to achieve the goals previously set for the purpose of advancing the work of the Iraqi Basketball Federation.

DRESSES, FABRIC AND SPECIAL ITEMS AND VALUES OF THE OTTOMAN PADIŞAH AND BÜROKRATS (1670-1672)

The need for cover is a requirement in all parts of the world. More or less this need has been realized in almost every society. In addition, clothing is one of the basic needs of human beings. This basic need has become a pleasure over time, and the temporary innovation that has entered the life of society with the desire to dress completely or the need for change has turned into an excessive, common indulgence shown by the society for a certain period of time. When we evaluate clothing in terms of nations, it has gained very different meanings with the effect of the cultural structure of the society. Considering this situation in the context of civilizations, of course, we can say that it has presented a similar privilege. In short, every society has made its dress code suitable for its culture and civilization. As in the rest of the world, the robes, dresses, turbans and fabrics of the Ottoman sultans showed themselves clearly as an indicator of the position, wealth and status. Especially caftans, fabrics and patterns, each one is a masterpiece of art. Despite having a simple form according to researches, Ottoman caftans have a very magnificent appearance and beauty. The decorations made for these caftans, lining and moldings, fur ornaments, ornaments made with buttons are very perfect. These caftans have aroused the admiration of the whole world with their fabric, motif and splendor, and many researches have been done on these caftans, which have been exhibited and preserved in various local and foreign museums. The sultan's clothes in the Topkapı Palace Museum Sultan's Clothes Archive consist of approximately 2500 pieces. Most of these are hilat, robes and shalwars. In addition, although it is less, there are also children's (prince's) clothes, so there are no women's clothes. RESEARCH ARTICLE ATLAS Journal International Refereed Journal On Social Sciences e-ISSN:2619-936X Arrival Date : 19.03.2021 Published Date : 30.04.2021 2021, Vol:7, Issue:40 pp: 1740- 1758 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.31568/atlas.676 ATLAS INTERNATIONAL REFEREED JOURNAL ON SOCIAL SCIENCES Year: 2021 Vol:7 Issue: 40 1740 Here, 21 caftans belonging to Fatih Sultan Mehmet, 77 caftans belonging to Suleiman the Magnificent, 13 caftans belonging to I. Ahmet, II. 30 caftans belonging to Osman, IV. While it is known that there were 27 caftans belonging to Murat, the caftans belonging to six rulers before Fatih Sultan Mehmet were not mentioned by name. In this study, the money spent for the clothes of the sultan in the Archives of the Prime Ministry Ottoman Archives, Topkapı Palace Museum, the cocks and dresses that the sultan had to buy from the council; In dâbü's-sâ, we will focus on the kafân, sarık, other items and values that are deserved by the landlords, the palace-i Atiq aghas, the boys, the Treasury, the cellar, the lords of the Voyage rooms and the people in charge. Keywords: Ottoman, Sultan, Bureaucrat, Clothes, Fabric, Special Items.