Intensity Of Egg Production Research Articles

ВЛИЯНИЕ СПОРОВОГО ПРОБИОТИКА НА ТОВАРНЫЕ КАЧЕСТВА ЯИЦ КУР-НЕСУШЕК

In the body of laying hens by the third phase of egg laying (450 days or more), a number of changes cause a decrease in the intensity of egg production and the strength of the eggshell. It has been established that the use of the spore probiotic “Basulifor” in the diet of the “Hysex Brown” laying hens from the beginning of the III phase feeding programm allows to reduce by 2,53 times the proportion of eggs with the poor strength of eggshells (strength less than 26 N) and to maintain high egg production of chickens at a later age(Рt0,999).

ВЛИЯНИЕ ЛЕЦИТИНСОДЕРЖАЩЕЙ КОРМОВОЙ ДОБАВКИ НА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ И КАЧЕСТВО ИНКУБАЦИОННЫХ ЯИЦ ПЛЕМЕННЫХ КУР

The authors found that the inclusion of lecithin-containing feed additive in the diet of breeding hens of the Highsex Brown cross in the amount of 350–500 g/t of feed increases the intensity of egg production by 1.45–1.99%, increases the yield of incubation eggs by 2.21–2.74% and the output of day-old chickens by 1.22–1.65% due to improved metabolic processes, in particular It also strengthens the antioxidant status of birds.

Использование новых кормовых добавок из местных растительных ресурсов в рационах кур-несушек

Purpose. To establish the effect of extruded grain of amaranth (Amaranthus hybridus chlorostachys) with and without the addition of a complex of enzymes, sunflower polysaccharide extract (hereinafter referred to as SPE), sunflower and pumpkin fuses in combination with bischofite on economic, biological, hematological indicators and the immune status of laying hens. Materials and Methods. The experiment was carried out on laying hens of the industrial herd of the Hayseks brown cross at the breeding enterprise of the Volgograd region of the Svetloyarsky district on the basis of Agricultural enterprise "Svetly" JSC "Agrofirm Vostok". Blood biochemical parameters were determined according to the methods of JSC "Deacon-DS" using the appropriate set of biochemical reagents on automatic biochemical analyzers URIT-800Vet, URIT-3020, other studies – on certified equipment in the complex analytical laboratory of VRIMMP (Volgograd, Russia). The obtained results were processed using software, calculating the mean value (M), standard errors of the mean value (±SEM) and determination of the Student-Fisher test for the significance of the difference. Results. The positive dynamics of cholesterol reduction by 6.87% was proved with the addition of 10% amaranth and by 9.86% with the addition of 10% amaranth and 250 g/t of the multienzyme complex. The use of sunflower polysaccharide extract in feeding laying hens – a by-product of sunflower oil production – in the amount of 3; 5 and 7% contributed to an increase in the yield of hatching eggs, respectively, by 88, 239 and 149 pcs. regarding control, increase in the intensity of egg production, feed conversion. The highest efficiency in the production of hatching eggs was achieved when using sunflower polysaccharide extract at a dosage of 5.0% in the diet structure. A significant increase in the productivity of chickens of all experimental groups by a value of 2.00 to 3.94% (P≤0.001) was established with the addition of pumpkin, sunflower phosphatides and bischofite, while the upper value was recorded with the addition of sunflower phosphatides and bischofite. The addition of pumpkin phosphatides contributed to the greatest increase in the weight of the laid egg relative to the control by 2.7 g (4.38%). Feeding both types of phosphatides contributed to the economy of feed, lowering cholesterol levels by 2 to 3.6%. The use of bischofite was manifested in a significant increase in the thickness of the shell, respectively, by a value from 13.0 to 21.2 microns. Conclusion. The greatest reduction in cholesterol levels (by 9.86%) and efficiency in the production of eggs was achieved with the addition of 10% amaranth and 250 g/t of the multi-enzyme complex. The best economic and biological indicators of poultry were recorded when using sunflower polysaccharide extract at a dosage of 5.0% in the diet structure. The addition of sunflower phosphatides in the amount of 3% and 2.6% bischofite contributed to a significant increase in the productivity of chickens by 3.94% (P≤0.001). The addition of pumpkin phosphatides contributed to the greatest increase in the weight of the laid egg relative to the control by 2.7 g (4.38%). The inclusion of bischofite in the diet of laying hens resulted in a significant increase in shell thickness by 13.0 to 21.2 µm.

Использование нового вида кормового ресурса в рационах кур родительского стада кросса «Хайсекс коричневый»

Purpose. The study of the productive traits of chickens when fed sunflower polysaccharide extract (hereinafter referred to as SPE), which can activate protein and carbohydrate metabolism, stimulate the body's natural defense factors. Materials and Мethods. The studies were carried out in a certified laboratory using classical and modern zootechnical, biochemical and other methods. Laboratory hematological studies were carried out on automatic biochemical analyzers URIT-800Vet and URIT-3020 (China) in the complex analytical laboratory of VRIMMP (Volgograd, Russia). The obtained results were processed using the software, calculation of the mean (M), standard errors of the mean (±SEM) and determination of the Student-Fisher test for the significance of the difference. Results. In I-III experimental groups, an increase in the yield of hatching eggs was recorded, respectively, by 88, 239 and 149 pcs. relative to the control, the intensity of egg production of hens – by 0.65; 1.35 and 0.77%, feed conversion per unit of egg mass – by 0.03; 0.07 and 0.05 kg. There has been a steady trend towards an increase in the mass of eggs in the experimental groups by 0.27 (0.43%); 0.81 (1.29%) and 0.63 g (1.01%), the acid number of the yolk decreased by 8.01 relative to the control; 9.42 (P≤0.05) and 10.29% (P≤0.05), which suggests the presence of antioxidant properties of PPE. The use of the studied additive had a positive effect on the morphological composition of the blood of laying hens of the experimental groups: the content of erythrocytes increased by 15.41 (P≤0.05), 17.47 (P≤0.05) and 17.81% (P≤0, 05), hematocrit – by 5.57 (P≤0.05); 10.22 (P≤0.01) and 11.15% (P≤0.01), hemoglobin – by 6.25 (P≤0.05), 8.67 (P≤0.05) and 9.19 % (P≤0.05) against the background of the control. In laying hens of the experimental groups, an increase in AST activity by 4.86 was recorded; 15.89 and 10.79 u/l, with a decrease in ALT activity by 0.70; 1.37 and 1.25 u/l. A significant increase in glucose in the blood serum of laying hens of the experimental groups was recorded in comparison with the control group by 15.26 (P≤0.05); 23.66 (P≤0.01) and 25.51% (P≤0.01), lactic acid level and glycogen content respectively by 15.26 (P≤0.05); 25.06 (P≤0.01); 25.51% (P≤0.01) and 2.19 (P≤0.05); 3.77 (P≤0.01) and 3.86% (P≤0.01). The bactericidal activity of blood serum of chickens of I-III experimental groups exceeded the control group by 5.02 (P≤0.05); 5.51 (P≤0.05) and 5.70% (P≤0.05 ), lysozyme activity – by 12.31 (P≤0.05); 15.89 (P≤0.01) and 16.36% (P≤0.01), phagocytic activity of leukocytes – by 3.06 (P≤0.05); 4.63 (P≤0.01) and 4.79% (P≤0.01), respectively. Conclusion. The results obtained confirm the activation of metabolic processes in the body of chickens of all experimental groups, under the influence of PPE, however, the studied additive at a dosage of 5.0% in the diet structure had the greatest efficiency in the production of hatching eggs.

The Efficiency of Urtica dioica Extract in Feeding of Laying Hens

Currently, poultry specialists are working hard to find feed additives of natural origin. Medicinal plants are a source of a wide range of biologically active compounds with multifunctional effects, including antimicrobial ones. To understand the potential use of various medicinal plants and their extracts in poultry farming, the current study aimed to investigate the effect of feeding different doses of water-ethanol extract of Urtica dioica (Urtica dioica L.) on the egg productivity of laying hens. A total of 300 laying hens were divided to control and five experimental groups of chickens, each with 5 replicates. During the entire experiment, the laying hens of the control group were fed complete compound feeds according to the egg-laying phase, and the chickens of the experimental groups were additionally fed Urtica dioica extract in different doses. The results indicated that feeding laying hens with Urtica dioica extract in doses of 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg/kg of body weight had a positive effect on their egg productivity. An increase in egg production per average laying hen in the experimental groups was 2.6-6.1%, and the intensity of egg production was 2.1-5.4%, compared to the control. However, the feed consumption in all experimental groups decreased. When introducing Urtica dioica extract into full-fledged compound feeds for laying hens, there was an increase in the relative egg white content, egg white/egg yolk ratio, and a decrease in relative yolk and shell content. Accordingly, it is suggested to include Urtica dioica extract at a dose of 15 mg/kg in the diet of laying hens which can improve economic efficiency and egg parameters. Keywords: Chemical composition, Egg morphology, Egg production, Feed conversion, Medicinal plant

Влияние митохондриально-направленного антиоксиданта «SkQ1» на экспрессию генов резистентности у кур-несушек

The article presents the results of the study of the effect of mitochondrial-directed antioxidant 10-(6′-plastoquinonyl) decyltriphenylphosphonium bromide («SkQ1») on the expression of resistance genes of laying hens of the cross «Hysex brown». The supplement was fed for 7 weeks, the age of birds at the study period was 18-25 weeks. It was found that oral administration of 1 mg. «SkQ1» had a significant effect on the expression of resistance genes, while not reducing the egg productivity and live weight of poultry. The main morphological indicators of egg quality showed reliable differences in 5 indicators in the experimental group. At the same time there was no decrease in the intensity of egg production. Retention of hens in the control and experimental groups was 100 %. A significant effect of 1 mg. dosage was revealed «SkQ1» on the expression of AvBD9 and IL-8 genes.

ГОЛОЗЕРНЫЙ ЯЧМЕНЬ В СОСТАВЕ КОМБИКОРМОВ ДЛЯ ПЕРЕПЕЛОК-НЕСУШЕК

Recently, the composition of compound feeds used in poultry farming has changed significantly. But no matter how the set of ingredients in compound feeds is transformed, they should serve as sources of protein and energy. In recent years, original varieties of grain fodder crops have been obtained, which are characterized by increased energy and protein nutrition, such as hullless forms of barley, characterized by a reduced content of indigestible fiber, and therefore, have increased nutritional value for poultry. Therefore, the introduction of naked barley into the composition of feed for quails is of particular relevance. The article presents the results of a study on the use of the effect of compound feed with the introduction of 15 and 20% naked barley on the productivity of laying quails. When feeding quails with experimental mixed fodder, the average daily consumption of mixed fodder decreased by 1.75 and 2.53%, the intensity of egg production per average laying hen increased by 12.88 and 4.74%, and the cost of production of quail eggs decreased by 10.44 and 4.04%.

ВЛИЯНИЕ ХИТОЗАНОВОГО КОМПЛЕКСА НА ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ КУР-НЕСУШЕК, МИНЕРАЛИЗАЦИЮ ИХ КОСТЕЙ И КАЧЕСТВО СКОРЛУПЫ ЯИЦ

The research has shown that chitosan complex addition to layer feed 50 to 150 g per feed ton helps to increase egg production intensity by 0.8 to 2.1% and to reduce feed consumption by 1.1 to 1.8% and by 1.2 to 2.6% per ten eggs and 1 kg of egg mass respectively. Ash, calcium, phosphorus, zinc and copper content in experimental group layers tibia increased by 2.81 to 5.0%, 2.03 to 3.06%, 1.04 to 1.23%, 0.1 to 0.16 mg%, 0.64 to 1.82 mg% and 0.06 to 0.15mg% comparing to control group layers. Egg shell elastic deformation reduced to 18–19 µm from 21 µm for experimental group 47 weeks aged layers and egg shell thickness increased to 0.38 mm from 0.36 mm in control.

МОРФОЛОГИЧЕСКИЙ И БИОХИМИЧЕСКИЙ СОСТАВ ЯИЦ ПЕРЕПЕЛОВ, ДИВЕРГЕНТНЫХ ПО ЯЙЦЕНОСКОСТИ

Egg quality maintaining with high egg production is actual problem. This research task has been to analyze quail egg morphologic and biochemical composition in Omskaya quail breed in groups that are divergent in egg production (±1.5 ÷2σ from average). Eggs of quails with high egg production intensity had greater egg shell mass (by 0.19 g, P<0.001) and less white mass (by 0.47 g, P<0.05). Outer layers proportion has changed with egg production increasing. Protein content in quail egg white and yolk have been 10.64 and 16.71% in quails with high egg production that is less than in quails with low egg production by 0.1 and 0.23% respectively.

STUDYING THE INFLUENCE OF THE VERMI FEED ADDITIVE ON DOMESTIC BIRDS (LAYING HENS)

Target. To study the possibility of using vermicorm additives in the diets of laying hens to ensure better bsorption of nutrients in the diet of chickens. The results of experimental studies conducted on the use of a new feed additive derived from the biomass of red California worms as poultry feed are presented. The following optimal ratios of components in the developed feed additive in mass have been established. %: biomass of red California worms (6.0), sodium chloride (3.0), seaweed (5.0), calcium peroxide (2.0) the rest is a mixture of meal and cake (mass ratio 1:1) production of cottonseed oil. Scientific novelty. The originality of the solution to the problem lies in optimizing the feeding programs of birds of the egg productivity direction by using a new vermicorm additive. The main task is to replace synthetic antibiotics used for the prevention and treatment of birds and animals. The proposed feed additive (FA) is biologically active, has increased nutritional value due to the content of the complex of interchangeable and essential amino acids of animal and plant origin. In addition, it contains the necessary amount of micro (Se, I, Cu, Mo, Zn, F, etc.) and macronutrients that ensure the normal functioning of birds. According to the results of the experiment, during the period, the introduction of a fodder additive into the diet of hens of the layers noticed an increase in the intensity of egg production in the first group more by 20%, in the second group of hens of laying hens - 30% and in the third group - 50% compared to the control group.

Influence of Bacillus subtilis on the productivity of laying hens of the Brown Nik cross in summer time

On the market of feed and veterinary additives, there is a wide range of drugs that have a positive effect on the poultry body. We conducted a scientific and economic experiment to study the effect of a probiotic based on Bacillus subtilis on the productivity of laying hens of the Brown Nick cross. Each enterprise strives to find the most optimal solutions for its production. Thus, we have conducted a scientific and economic experiment. For the experiment, two groups of hens were selected - layers of the Brown Nick cross, of the same age. The nutrition program for both groups was the same. The difference was that the birds of the experimental group were introduced into the diet - 1000 g /t of the probiotic Bacillus subtilis. The probiotic supplementation minimized heat stress losses and prevented performance degradation. The bird of the experimental group, which was injected with Bacillus subtilis, increased the percentage of the intensity of egg production than the bird of the control. A deeper study of the use of probiotic complexes in the enzymatic system will allow producers of probiotics to reduce the cost of a feeding program for laying hens.

Use of the feed additive “Toxinon” in feeding of replacement young chickens and laying hens

At the present time of the development of industrial poultry farming, the main tasks are to increase the productivity of poultry, reduce production costs and improve its quality. Under practical conditions, there is a shortage of minerals in compound feed for poultry, which leads to a violation of metabolism in the body, slowing down growth and development, deterioration of the work of organs and systems, a decrease in productivity and its quality, and an increase in the prime-cost of production. The purpose of the research was to study the effectiveness of the use of the feed additive “Toxinon” in feeding of replacement young chickens and laying hens. The research has been carried out under the conditions of OOO “Bogotolskaya Poultry Farm” in the Bogotolsky area in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. Comprehensive studies have been conducted to study the effect of the feed additive “Toxinon” on the growth and development, productivity and metabolism of replacement young chickens and laying hens of the industrial herd of the cross “Haysex brown”. The influence of different dosages of the feed additive “Toxinon” on the growth rate, livestock livability, digestibility and use of feed nutrients, egg productivity, egg quality, hematological and biochemical blood parameters of replacement young chickens and laying hens has been studied. The laying hens of the 3rd experimental group were distinguished by the highest egg productivity during the experiment period, which exceeded the control group in terms of the gross number of eggs by 6,4 %, the intensity of egg production by 5,02 abs.%, egg weight by 3,0 % (P > 0,95), the yield of egg mass on the average laying hen by 9,12 %. At the same time, expenditures of feed in the 3rd experimental group have decreased compared to the control group by 7,3 % for 10 eggs, by 9,2 % for 1 kg of egg mass. It has been found that in feeding replacement young chickens and laying hens, the most effective use of the feed additive “Toxinon” in the dosage of 0,25 % of the weight of the feed mixture (2,5 kg/ton of feed).

Efficiency of application of fodder additive "Bibatsil dry" in the diets of agricultural animals and birds

The article presents the results of the effectiveness of the use of the feed additive "Bibatsil dry" in the diets of farm animals and poultry. It was found that feeding the probiotic "Bibacil dry" to dairy calves contributed to an increase in the absolute increase in live weight of heifers and bull calves in the experimental group by 1.3 kg, average daily gain by 2.8% compared to the control group. The use of the probiotic "Bibacil dry" with drinking water when feeding weaned pigs causes an increase in the average daily gain in live weight of 9.4% and an increase in the safety of the livestock by 5.5% in comparison with analogs from the control group. Consumption of the probiotic “Bibacil dry” in the composition of drinking water by laying hens of the “Brown Nick” cross showed an increase in the intensity of egg production by 2.6% and an increase in egg yield by 3.0%.

Feed additive for quails based on fermented brewer’s spent grain

The paper discusses the effect of a newly developed complex feed additive Grainbiosorb used in complete feed on livability, age of first egg laying, egg productivity, and feed consumption for the production of 1 dozen eggs of laying quails of the Texas white broiler breed. The scientific experiment was carried out in the experimental vivarium of Krasnodar Research Centre for Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine according to the standard technique recommended by the Federal Scientific Center “All-Russian Research and Technological Institute of Poultry” of Russian Academy of Sciences, (Sergiev Posad, 2013). The developed complex feed additive Grainbiosorb consists of fermented brewer’s spent grain, a mineral sorbing complex and probiotic microorganisms. Brewer’s spent grain is pre-fermented with probiotic bacterial concentrate, consisting of lactic acid, and propionic acid microorganisms. The use of fermented brewer’s spent grain in combination with a mineral complex can solve the problems of metabolism, digestion, exposure to heavy metals and thereby increase productivity and contribute to obtaining safe poultry products. The livability of the quail population in experimental and control groups was the same and amounted to 90.0%. The quails of the first group laid the first egg at the age of 44 days, while the quails of the second group at the age of 42 days. Gross egg production for the period of the experiment per the initial laying quail and the egg production for the average laying quail increased in the experimental group relative to the control by 3.8%. The intensity of egg production in the experimental group increased by 2.3 abs. % relative to that in the control group. Feed consumption for the production of 1 dozen quail eggs decreased by 5.5% in the experimental group, relative to the control.

ЯИЧНАЯ ПРОДУКТИВНОСТЬ ПЕРЕПЕЛОК ПРИ ВВЕДЕНИИ В РАЦИОН БИОЛОГИЧЕСКИ АКТИВНОГО ВЕЩЕСТВА

This paper discusses the experimental findings on lay-ing quails when their diets were supplemented with iodine and starch mixture. Five groups of 120 comparable quails bred in the Omsk Region were formed; the sex ratio was 1:4. The first group was the control; the birds were fed the main diet without the iodine supplement; the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th groups were trial groups where the main diet was supplemented with iodine (potassium iodide) + starch (1:4) immediately before feeding. The dosages of the tested product in the trial groups were as following (in terms of iodine, mg per 100 g of feed): the 2nd group -0.05; 3rd -0.075; 4th -0.10; 5th -0.125. The experiment lasted for 180 days. Throughout the experiment, the largest number of eggs was obtained in the 3rd trial group -15240 eggs, more by 18.1% than in the control group (P ≥ 0.99). The laying quail day egg production in the 3rd trial group was 25.4 eggs, more by 13.0% than that in the control group. In the 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th trial groups, the average egg weight was less than in the control, respectively, by 4.5; 7.1 and 8.0%. The number of produced eggs in the 3rd trial group was more than in the control group by 17.0% (P ≥ 0.95), and the intensity of egg production -by 10.0%. The feed costs were lower in the trial groups by 0.16-15.57% for the production of 10 eggs; and for the production of 1 kg of eggs in the 3rd and 4th trial groups -by 9.08 and 3.12% than in the control. The profitability in the 3rd trial group made 54.2%; that was by 1.59% higher than in the control group. The optimal dosage of iodine as much as 0.075 mg per 100 g of complete feed was determined which contrib-uted to obtaining a greater economic effect in quail egg production.

Cycles and Intervals in Hen Egg Laying

The article is devoted to the cyclicity of hen’s egg-laying, which determines the egg production of poultry during the established period. The characteristic features of the alternation of egg-laying cycles and the intervals between them on the example of egg’s cross Lohmann Brown are analyzed. The necessity to reduce the periodicity and time of the intervals between the cycles was identified. A negative correlation between egglaying intensity and egg weight was revealed. At the same time, there is a high correlation relationship between the intensity of egg production and the duration of cycles. In this article, the tendency of decreasing egg weight with increasing duration of laying cycles was established.

The use of feed additive Supervita-M in the diets of laying hens

For the normal life of laying hens and their egg production not only good conditions and a properly balanced diet are necessary, but also the presence of vitamins and minerals in the feed in the right amount. The purpose of this work was to study the eff ectiveness of using the feed additive Supervita-M in the diets of laying hens. The research has been carried out under the conditions of LLC “Nizhnevartovskaya poultry Farm” on laying hens of the industrial herd of the cross High-Line Brown. Egg production of laying hens during the experiment period was higher in the experimental group by 3 %. The intensity of egg production in the experimental group that received the feed additive Supervita-M was also higher than in the control group. According to the yield of egg mass per average laying hen, the best results have been obtained in the experimental group, they exceeded the similar indicators of the control group by 0,6 kg. When tested the weight of the egg obtained from the experimental hens was in the range of 60–61 g. At the end of the experiment there was a noticeable increase in this indicator in laying hens that received the vitamin and mineral additive in addition to the main diet. The experimental group exceeded the control group by 8,3 % by egg weight. Positive results have been obtained for the livability of laying hens. This indicator in the experimental group was higher by 6,6 % compared to the control group. Analysis of the blood parameters of laying hens has shown that the use of the additive aff ected the increase in red blood cells. So, at the beginning of the experiment this indicator was 2,2–2,5×10[sup]12[/sup]/l, and at the end – 3,8–3,9 ×10[sup]12[/sup]/l.

КАЧЕСТВО ПИЩЕВЫХ ЯИЦ ПРИ ВВЕДЕНИИ ЙОДА В ОРГАНИЗМ КУР-НЕСУШЕК

The Altai Region along with the regions of the Siberian Federal District belongs to the zone with trace element deficiency including iodine deficiency. The research goal was to study the effect of iodine on edible egg quality of laying hens of the Rodonit cross. At the final stage of egg-laying, 4 groups of 4 laying hens were formed. No iodine was administered to the hens of the 1st control group. Starch-based iodine product was administered to the birds of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th trial groups into the lower third of the neck, under the wing and into the rump area in a dose of 1.5 mg per head. The egg production intensity in the trial groups was higher by 21.3-28.8%. Egg weight in the 1st control group was 65.6 ± 1.33g which was lower than that in the trial groups by 4.4% (2nd group); 3.7% (3rd group) and 1.5% 4th group). All eggs belonged to “select” grade. The 3rd and 4th trial groups had less egg white by 3.8 and 2.7%; the egg-yolk content increases in the eggs of the 2nd, 3rd and 4th trial groups by 1.2%, 9.4% and 2.4%, respectively, and the eggshell weight by 1.2-9.4% as com-pared to the control. The ratio of egg white and egg-yolk weight in the eggs of the trial groups was lower than in the control group by 9.38-19.29%, but the ratio of egg-yolk to egg white was by 10.4-23.9% higher. The following indices were higher in the trial groups as compared to the control: egg white index -by 1.4-17.1%; egg-yolk -by 3.2-6.4%; Haugh unit -by 7.2-11.1%; eggshell thickness -by 3.9-8.3%. The best results were obtained with the administra-tion of iodine to the hens in the region of the lower third of the neck. The enrichment of the body of laying hens of the Rodonit cross with iodine makes it possible to obtain the profitability of edible egg production at the level of 28.6-41.0%.

ОЦЕНКА ЭМБРИОНАЛЬНОЙ СМЕРТНОСТИ МЯСО-ЯИЧНЫХ КУР

Two studies used incubation eggs of 26–40-week-old meat and egg autosex chickens of “Dominant CZ” crosses – “D-104”, “D-107”, “D-149”, “D-192”, kept in cages. Eggs were incubated in the incubators “Stimul IP-16M” and “Stimul IV-16M” by the standard regime, turning the eggs at 43–45 degrees every 45 min. Study 1 used 699894 eggs with a storage period of 2–8 days (control trays contained 22923 eggs). Study 2 used 2016 eggs after storage for four and eight days. During the 15-week productive period, the egg production intensity of the “D-192” cross was greater than the “D-104” cross by only 0.6%, and the “D-107” and “D-149” – by 2.6% and 3.0%, respectively. In the peak and post-peak phases of the productive period, the suitability of eggs for incubation from chickens cross “D-104” compared to other crosses was greater by 0.1–2.2%. According to the output of chickens parent flock of crosses “Dominant CZ” in technological and feeding conditions of LLC “Agrokormservis Plus” corresponds to the minimum requirement for breeding egg chickens with brown shells – it was 78.0%. In the middle of the pre-breeding period (6–18 days),embryo mortality was slightly higher in eggs of “D-107” and “D-192” hens (by 1.58 and 1.98%, respectively), but, on the contrary, lower in eggs of “D-104” and “D-149” hens (by 0.20%) or on average more by 0.79%. The difference between the hatch in the control trays and, in general, for all batches of eggs for crosses “D-104”, “D-149”, and “D-192” was in the range of –0.1 to +0.3%, but for the cross “D-107” – more +1.8%. On average, for the entire array of eggs, the difference was +1.0%. When storing eggs “Dominant CZ” for more than four days, the hatch of young animals decreases by an average of 1.0% per day due to increased mortality of embryos at all ages. Given the different sizes of the batch of eggs from some chicken crosses, from 35 to 180 pcs. of waste incubation (2–3% of the party) from the control trays can be opened for reliable analysis.

Reproductive qualities of meat chickens of the parent flock when using automatic nests

The aim of the study presented in this paper was to compare the reproductive qualities of laying hens of the parent flock of the ROSS 308 cross when using manual and automatic egg collection. The experimental part was carried out in the production conditions of a separate subdivision “Novosafonovskaya poultry farm” of Kuzbass Broiler LLC on laying hens of the parent flock of the ROSS 308 cross at the age of 155-435 days. The use of automatic nests for collecting hatching eggs did not affect the intensity of egg production, but contributed to an increase in the yield of hatching eggs due to a decrease in the culled eggs because of egg contamination, breakage, cracked shell and others. A decrease in the number of cleaned eggs among the hatching eggs contributed to an increase in the hatching of chicks and, as a consequence, an increase in the yield of day old chicks per initial layer by 11.9 heads or 8.5%.