Intelligent Mechatronics Research Articles

Preface

The 2023 4th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Intelligent Manufacturing (ICAMIM 2023) was held in Guangzhou, China during December 1st to 3rd, 2023. The series of ICAMIM conference was created with the aim to be an interdisciplinary incubator for the worldwide exchange of information and innovative ideas about the latest research results in the fields of advanced materials and intelligent manufacturing.At ICAMIM 2023, we wished to bring together a broad community of researchers from different branches of the rapidly developing complex science to discuss the fundamental theoretical challenges as well as experimental and applied aspects of many practical problems. The agenda was conducted mainly based on three parts, covering keynote speeches, oral & poster presentations, and academic tour.There were six keynote speeches and many regular oral talks in the morning and afternoon sessions. The topics of keynote speeches cover: a) Scientific Carbon Reduction, Green Development, Manufacturing Industry to Achieve the Goal of “Double Carbon” Efforts; b) ChatGPT with Intelligent Manufacturing System; c) Challenges Facing the Industrialization of Sodium-Ion Batteries; d) Microstructure Control and Application Properties of Ultra-High Strength and Toughness Steels; e) Double Growing Carbon Background Material Base Environmental Functional Materials Development Prospects; f) Current Status and Development of the New Materials Industry in Guangdong. These speeches allowed all the participants to interact with the speakers and people around and get some new insights from each other. An academic discussion part was also held, the topic of which was related to the recent and anticipated future progress in advanced materials and intelligent manufacturing, discussing a variety of questions and opinions important for the understanding of the technology and management methods of the industry itself.The papers submitted to this Conference were carefully reviewed by expert referees, covering topics on: Composites, New feature Materials, Integrated Manufacturing Systems, Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Intelligent Mechatronics, etc. We are very grateful to the reviewers for their efficient and thoughtful actions. Various excellent papers were included here based on the referee reports.We are thankful to the members of Technical Program Committee for their time and efforts in preparing the program of ICAMIM 2023. We also appreciate the behind-the-scenes work of the members of Organizing Committee in preparing the conference site, arrangements for excursions and accommodation, handling the financial support for participants, and so on. Finally, we acknowledge the publishing support from Journal of physics: Conference SeriesThe Committee of ICAMIM 2023List of Committee Member is available in this pdf.

Preface

I am hugely delighted and excited to be writing this preface to the Proceedings of the 2023 International Conference on Intelligent Robotics, Mechatronics and Automation Systems (IRMAS 2023). IRMAS 2023 is the third international conference organized by Centre for Automation (CFA) & School of Mechanical Engineering (SMEC) of Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai, India in association with Asia Pacific University of Technology & Innovation (APU), Malaysia and Department of Mechanical Engineering, COEP Technological University, Pune, India. The previous two versions of the conference have been conducted successfully in virtual mode in 2021 and 2022.Mechatronics and Robotics deal with the synergistic incorporation of diverse disciplines, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, computer and software to solve complex problems. Intelligent Mechatronics Systems transform world towards complete automation. The transformations include industrial automation (Industry 4.0), smart manufacturing systems, connected machines, Intelligent and autonomous vehicle technologies, autonomous and service robots, etc. These technological developments drive us into the future where almost everything will be automatic.The conference provides an opportunity to bring together industrial practitioners, researchers, young innovators, academicians and students to present and exchange new ideas and applications in this broad field. The main aim of the conference is to bring down the gap between actual research and innovation with actual requirement. This conference aims in planting seeds of ideas in the minds of the delegates with realistic applications and challenges in creating automated future.A wide range of papers is encouraged at the IRMAS 2023, from work in progress through to high quality scientific papers. These 69 papers comprise an extensive range of areas covered by the conference theme: Robotics and Mechatronics, Automation, Design and Manufacturing, Intelligent Systems and Vehicle Systems.List of Committees are available in the pdf.

Preface

The International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Technology Applications originates from 2021 and has attracted various promising researchers who are developing new directions in the field of artificial intelligence and industrial technology. The 2023 3rd International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Industrial Technology Applications (AIITA 2023), held in Suzhou, China from March 24th to 26th, 2023, was meant to unite researchers, experts, professors and academic staff as well as a wide range of participants of professional community from China and other countries concerned.AIITA 2023, with about 150 participants, was held to further integrate artificial intelligence with industrial technologies, and promoted research and developmental activities in related fields as well as scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world.Highly eventful program of the Conference, the list of well-established organizations-participants and devoted engagement of many colleagues throughout all the stages of Conference preparation instill confidence in practical importance of mutual initiative. The framework of the Conference comprises keynote speeches, oral presentations, and academic investigation, discussing open and significant problems facing industrial technologies, proposing innovative ideas and approaches to solution of the problems, and considering the new possibilities of application and development of cutting-edge artificial intelligence with industrial technologies.The Conference has become one of the venues for demonstrating scientific achievements of international class by leading scientists and young scholars and would facilitate the strengthening of academic cooperation, meanwhile the Conference proceedings would be expressed in the form of international scientific publishing. Various topics of the papers, gone through a vigorous peer review process, are covered in the proceedings, including: Artificial Intelligence Algorithm, Information Retrieval and Fusion, Intelligent Mechatronics, Integrated Manufacturing System, Intelligent Service Machines, etc.On behalf of the Conference Organizing Committee, we would like to thank the referees for their efficient and thoughtful actions. We are grateful to the members of the Technical Program Committee for their efforts in making and shaping the program for AIITA 2023. Particularly, we acknowledge the publishing support from the members of Journal of Physics: Conference Series.We hope that the future AIITA will be as successful and stimulating, as indicated with the contributions presented in this volume.The Committee of AIITA 2023List of Committee Member are available in this pdf.

Preface

With the rapid development of science and technology, the development and innovation in all domains become faster and faster. The field of materials science and intelligent manufacturing have also produced more research directions and new discoveries. Focusing on the latest research results in various aspects of that and other related fields, 2023 International Conference on Materials Science and Intelligent Manufacturing (MSIM 2023) was held via virtual form in Xi’an, China from January 13th to 15th, 2023.Our aim is to establish a forum to exchange and share successful experiences of innovation in the above fields and establish an effective cooperation platform for institutions and industries. Focusing on such topics as Electronic and Magnetic Materials, Ceramic and Glass Materials, Crystal Defect Engineering, Intelligent Mechatronics, Advanced Manufacturing Technology, Integrated Manufacturing System, etc., the Conference invited scientists, engineers, educators and students from all over the world to exchange their current technical application experience and research results, so as to promote the development of related fields.The entire Conference was in an online mode. First is an about 3 hour’s keynote speech and next 2.5 hour’s oral presentation. Discussion and Question and Answer happened went through out the meeting. The professors and delegates presented papers and researches from their own research domains and experiences. We had about 50 participants in the online platform, and had continuous stable internet connection, conducting the virtual conference smoothly.In the Conference, four renowned professors acting as keynote speakers shared their researches with us. Among them, Prof. Xiaofang Yuan from Hunan University, China, whose research domains cover Intelligent Control Theory and Application, Electric Vehicle Control, Robot Drive Control, first made a speech on 3D Map-based Path Planning for Autonomous Vehicles. In the traditional vehicle area, energy-based motion control technology and battery technology are usually employed to solve the energy-saving problem for vehicles. His research proposed a new solution from the perspective of path planning. For vehicles traveling on the complex 3D terrains, the energy consumption of up-slope is far greater than that of the flat road and down-slope. To realize this, a path with a good trade-off between the energy consumption and distance would be the expected route for electric vehicle and mining transportation. A novel multi-objective path planning method was investigated to solve this problem for EV and mining truck, generating an optimal path while saving much energy.We would like to express our gratitude to all the participants for their fruitful work and excellent contribution to MSIM 2023. Especially, we appreciate the enormous work of the editorial board and reviewers in the preparation of this volume. Also, our special thanks and appreciation go to the Journal of Physics: Conference Series. Hopefully, all participants and other interested readers can benefit scientifically from the proceedings and find it rewarding in the process.The Committee of MSIM 2023List of Committee Member is available in the pdf.

Preface

It is our great pleasure to have you at the 2022 7th International Seminar on Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (ISCME 2022), which was held in Hangzhou, China from November 25th-27th, 2022 (virtual conference). ISCME has been successfully held for six consecutive years even under the influence of COVID-19, and received unanimous praise from various experts and scholars worldwide.ISCME 2022 is an international forum for academic communications between experts and scholars in the fields of computer technology, mechanical and electrical engineering. And it promoted research and developmental activities in related fields and scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world, establishing business or research relations for all participants to find global partners for future collaboration.There are about 200 participants from all over the world. The conference agenda covered three parts, including a keynote speech delivered by four sophisticated professors from different countries and regions. Among them, Prof. Ting Yang from Tianjin University, China made a speech on Cyber Physics Fusion Technology’s Application in Energy Internet. Energy Internet is to establish and develop a comprehensive energy system based on Internet thinking. It integrates multiple energy sources and realizes the interaction of energy and information. In this speech, he discussed the cyber physics fusion technology and its key technologies applied in Energy Internet, including the requirements for different energy services, the fusion framework, and communication protocols and information security technologies. It provided a great opportunity for all the participants to get some knowledge and some different insights on related fields from the speech and the discussion followed by.We have received tremendous submissions from all over China and abroad. Through a rigorous peer-review process, all submissions were performed double blind review to check their quality of content, level of innovation, significance, originality and legibility. Based on the expertise review comments, many excellent papers were accepted, and the corresponding authors were invited to submit their papers for final publication. The accepted papers covered topics on: Intelligent Mechatronics, Robotics, Biomimetics, Automation and Control Systems, Industrial Automation, Process Control, and Manufacturing Process, etc.We would like to express our gratitude to the organizers, keynote speakers and all the participants of ISCME 2022, for their fruitful work and contribution to the success of the conference. We are thankful to all the reviewers for providing constructive criticisms, stimulated comments and suggestions to the authors. In particular, our special thanks go to the Journal of Physics: Conference Series, for the endeavor of all its colleagues in publishing this paper volume. We deeply appreciate their efforts in making the conference successful.The Committee of ISCME 2022List of Committee member are available in the pdf.

Intelligent Braking System Using Electromagnetic Actuators

The accident prevention has been one of the leading areas of research today. Our paper is designed to prevent accidents due to loss of control, drunken driving, and rash driving, using circuitry aided by a microcontroller kit. This paper focuses on a system known as 'Intelligent braking system' (IBS) which employ several sensors to respond when emergency conditions occur. In our work, braking distance and the distance of the obstacle are taken into consideration along with the speed of the vehicle. The sensor detects speed of movement of the vehicle and the ultrasonic sensor senses the distance of the object in front of vehicle. These sensors provide real- time inputs to the microcontroller program. Using sensor, the system will sense the speed of the vehicle and with the microcontroller, it will calculate the distance required to bring the vehicle to a complete stop for that speed. An intelligent mechatronic system includes an ultrasonic wave emitter provided on the front portion of a car producing and emitting ultrasonic waves frontward in a predetermined distance. An ultrasonic receiver is also placed on the front portion of the car operatively receiving a reflective ultrasonic wave signal. The reflected wave (detected pulse) gives the distance between the obstacle and the vehicle and RPM counter gives speed of vehicle. The reflected wave gives the distance between the obstacle and the vehicle. Then a microcontroller is used to detect the pulses and apply brakes to the vehicle the breaking motors is incorporated to activate the brakes thereby achieving automatic breaking procedures. The system helps in conjunction with the driver judgment if the driver doesn’t sense the obstacle and applies the brake at the right time then the microcontroller initiates braking motor to apply the brakes automatically. Our future work deals with incorporating real time brake shoe wear system to provide enhanced feature for the intelligent braking system. • By looking at safety in terms of avoiding accidents in the first place. • And then protecting occupants when a crash is unavoidable. • We can prevent more accidents, save more lives, and reduce insurance and medical costs to society. Key Words: Braking system, Ultrasonic Sensor, Arduinoboard, Intelligent Mechatronic system, RPM counter, Microcontroller.

Intelligent Mechatronics in the Measurement, Identification, and Control of Water Level Systems: A Review and Experiment

In this paper, a unique overview of intelligent machines and mathematical methods designed and developed to measure and to control the water level in industrial or laboratory setups of coupled and cascaded configurations of tanks is made. A systematized and concise overview is made of the mechatronic systems used in the measurement, identification, and control of the water level enumerates, the software used in the associated scientific research, modern techniques and sensors, and mathematical models, as well as analysis and control strategies. The broad overview of applications of the last decade is finalized by a proposition of a control system that is based on a parameter estimation of a new experimental setup, an integral dynamic model of the system, a modern mechatronic machine such as the Watson-Marlow peristaltic pump, the Anderson Negele sensor of level, the NI cRIO-9074 controller, and LabVIEW virtual instrumentation. The results of real experimental tests, exploiting a hybrid proportional control, being improved by a numerically predicted water level, are obtained using a few tools, i.e., the static characteristics, the classical step response, and a new pyramid-shaped step function of a discontinuous path-following reference input, being introduced to evaluate the effectiveness and robustness of the regulation of the level height.

Designing Prosthetic Hands With Embodied Intelligence: The KIT Prosthetic Hands.

Hand prostheses should provide functional replacements of lost hands. Yet current prosthetic hands often are not intuitive to control and easy to use by amputees. Commercially available prostheses are usually controlled based on EMG signals triggered by the user to perform grasping tasks. Such EMG-based control requires long training and depends heavily on the robustness of the EMG signals. Our goal is to develop prosthetic hands with semi-autonomous grasping abilities that lead to more intuitive control by the user. In this paper, we present the development of prosthetic hands that enable such abilities as first results toward this goal. The developed prostheses provide intelligent mechatronics including adaptive actuation, multi-modal sensing and on-board computing resources to enable autonomous and intuitive control. The hands are scalable in size and based on an underactuated mechanism which allows the adaptation of grasps to the shape of arbitrary objects. They integrate a multi-modal sensor system including a camera and in the newest version a distance sensor and IMU. A resource-aware embedded system for in-hand processing of sensory data and control is included in the palm of each hand. We describe the design of the new version of the hands, the female hand prosthesis with a weight of 377 g, a grasping force of 40.5 N and closing time of 0.73 s. We evaluate the mechatronics of the hand, its grasping abilities based on the YCB Gripper Assessment Protocol as well as a task-oriented protocol for assessing the hand performance in activities of daily living. Further, we exemplarily show the suitability of the multi-modal sensor system for sensory-based, semi-autonomous grasping in daily life activities. The evaluation demonstrates the merit of the hand concept, its sensor and in-hand computing systems.

Preface

The 2021 6th International Seminar on Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering (ISCME 2021) was planned to be held on November 05-07, 2021 in Zhuhai, China. Taking into account the COVID-19 pandemic, the ISCME 2021 conference was held virtually as agencies around the world are now issuing restrictions on travel, gatherings, and meetings in an effort to limit and slow the spread of this pandemic. The health and safety of our participants and members of our research community is of top priority to the Organizing Committee. Therefore, the ISCME 2021 conference was held online through Zoom software.ISCME 2021 is to bring together innovative academics and industrial experts in the field of Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering to a common forum. The primary goal of the conference is to promote research and developmental activities in Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and another goal is to promote scientific information interchange between researchers, developers, engineers, students, and practitioners working all around the world. The conference will be held every year to make it an ideal platform for people to share views and experiences in Computer Technology, Mechanical and Electrical Engineering and related areas.More than 100 participants attended the online conference. During the conference, the conference model was divided into three sessions, including oral presentations, keynote speeches, and online Q&A discussion. In the first part, some scholars, whose submissions were selected as the excellent papers, were given about 5-10 minutes to perform their oral presentations one by one. Then in the second part, we invited three professors as our keynote speakers. Prof. Xupeng Wang, Northwestern Polytechnical University, China. His Research interests: Mechanical system dynamics, Human sports biomechanics, Innovative design and simulation, Computer aided industrial design. Prof. Guo Li, from Hunan University, China. He devoted in Intelligent and efficient precision grinding technology and CNC machine tool equipment, Dynamic and static pressure spindle system of intelligent machine tool, Advanced automobile design and manufacturing and body welding stamping technology, Intelligent optical-mechanical-electrical integration design and manufacture research area. Assoc. Prof. Xiaogang Liu, our finale keynote speakers, from School of Mechanical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan University of Technology, China. His research interests: Electromechanical control, Intelligent Manufacturing, Contact Mechanics, Mechanical Vibration. Their insightful speeches had triggered heated discussion in the third session of the conference. Every participant praised this conference for disseminating useful and insightful knowledge.The proceedings are a compilation of the accepted papers and represent an interesting outcome of the conference. Topics include but are not limited to the following areas: Intelligent mechatronics, robotics, biomimetics, automation and control systems, Sensor design, multi-sensor data fusion algorithms and wireless sensor networks, AI, intelligent control, neuro-control, fuzzy control and their applications and Other related topics. All the papers have been through rigorous review and process to meet the requirements of international publication standard.We would like to acknowledge all of those who supported ISCME 2021. The help and contribution of each individual and institution was instrumental in the success of the conference. In particular, we would like to thank the organizing committee for its valuable inputs in shaping the conference program and reviewing the submitted papers.The Committee of ISCME 2021List of Committee member is available in this pdf.

REDUCING CLIMATE CHANGE BY INSTALLING A NEW PHOTOVOLTAIC POWER PLANT IN BULGARIA

Three new roof-mounted 10 kWp grid-connected photovoltaic (PV) power plants have been constructed in the Technology Park at the Technical University of Gabrovo, Bulgaria, as part of a project "Competence Center – Intelligent Mechatronic, Eco, and Energy Saving Systems and Technologies". Three different PV modules types have been used: monocrystalline silicon (mono-Si), cadmium telluride (CdTe), and copper indium gallium selenide (CIGS). New three power plants, together with the existing amorphous silicon and poly-crystalline silicon photovoltaic power plants at the TU-Gabrovo enhanced simultaneous testing of five different photovoltaic materials. A small 500 Wp mono-Si photovoltaic thermal hybrid solar collectors (PVT) PV system has also been constructed. The power plants feature a monitoring system for the meteorological and electrical operating parameters, which measures, displays, and stores data on solar radiation, temperature, wind speed, currents, voltages, and electrical power of each power plant. PV plants components' technical characteristics are given in the paper. The schemes describing the basic wiring diagram, disposition of the three PV subsystems on the roof of the building at the technology center have also been presented. The initial comparative software data for monitoring of meteorological and electrical operating characteristics of the three different types of PV subsystems are shown as well. According to the specific ecological equivalent of energy resources and energy for the region of Bulgaria, the data are presented on the saved CO2 emissions from the avoided production and transmission of electricity owing to the operation of photovoltaic power plants.

Editorial special issue on recent developments in deep neural networks for intelligent mechatronics

Editorial special issue on recent developments in deep neural networks for intelligent mechatronics

Research on the Development of Intelligent Mechatronic Engineering Devices

Research on the Development of Intelligent Mechatronic Engineering Devices

Preface

International Virtual Conference on Intelligent Robotics, Mechatronics and Automation Systems (IRMAS 2021) March 26-27, 2021Mechatronics and Robotics deal with the synergistic incorporation of diverse disciplines, such as mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, manufacturing engineering, computer and software to solve complex problems. Intelligent Mechatronics Systems transform world towards complete automation. The transformations include industrial automation (Industry 4.0), smart manufacturing systems, connected machines, Intelligent and autonomous vehicle technologies, autonomous and service robots, etc. These technological developments drive us into the future where almost everything will be automatic.The conference is jointly organized by the Centre for Automation and School of Mechanical Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology (VIT), Chennai, India in Virtual Mode. This Virtual Conference received overwhelming response from Participants from all parts of India and many other countries Malaysia, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Turkey and Morocco. Out of the 140 papers received, 110 papers been accepted after scrutinizing and peer Review process. This includes 20 Papers from outside India.Due to the current pandemic situation, which made situation not suitable for transport and gathering, the conference has been organized completely in Virtual Mode. The entire conference is conducted using video conferencing platform-Zoom. It enabled all the speakers to present live for the audience and answer all the questions posted to them in an efficient way. This virtual conference enabled the researchers and students to present their work from their home/workplace in the testing time due to the pandemic. A total of 127 participants has participated in this two-day conference.The conference hosted four keynote lectures each spanning 60 minutes each including live Q&A sessions. A total of 110 papers has been presented in 14 sessions across two days of the conference. Each paper has been allocated 12 Minutes for presentation and 3 minutes for Q&A. Among the presented 110 papers, 71 papers have been scrutinized for publication.List of Keynote Speakers, Convenors, Organizing Secretary, Organizing Committee, Technical Committee are available in this pdf.

Embodied Cooperation to Promote Forgiving Interactions With Autonomous Machines.

During every waking moment, we must engage with our environments, the people around us, the tools we use, and even our own bodies to perform actions and achieve our intentions. There is a spectrum of control that we have over our surroundings that spans the extremes from full to negligible. When the outcomes of our actions do not align with our goals, we have a tremendous capacity to displace blame and frustration on external factors while forgiving ourselves. This is especially true when we cooperate with machines; they are rarely afforded the level of forgiveness we provide our bodies and often bear much of our blame. Yet, our brain readily engages with autonomous processes in controlling our bodies to coordinate complex patterns of muscle contractions, make postural adjustments, adapt to external perturbations, among many others. This acceptance of biological autonomy may provide avenues to promote more forgiving human-machine partnerships. In this perspectives paper, we argue that striving for machine embodiment is a pathway to achieving effective and forgiving human-machine relationships. We discuss the mechanisms that help us identify ourselves and our bodies as separate from our environments and we describe their roles in achieving embodied cooperation. Using a representative selection of examples in neurally interfaced prosthetic limbs and intelligent mechatronics, we describe techniques to engage these same mechanisms when designing autonomous systems and their potential bidirectional interfaces.

Guest Editorial: Focused Section on Reliability Design and Resilient Control for Intelligent Mechatronic Systems (RDRC-IMS)

Intelligent Mechatronic Systems (IMS), such as intelligent vehicles/robots/transportation systems, are generally complex due to the integrations of artificial intelligence and multidisciplinary features taken from mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, and control engineering. This integrated complexity leads to challenges in reliability modeling and reliability testing due to different and complex failure modes. To achieve reliability requirements, reliability design and resilient control are critical for the development of IMS. With the advances in information and network techniques, it is opportunistic to exploit them for the benefit of reliability design and the resilient control. The main focus of this Focused Section will be on the new techniques in reliability modeling, reliability analysis, reliability design, fault and failure detection, signal processing, and resilient control of IMS.

Intelligent Mechatronic System as an Adaptive Model Having "Controlled Construction"

The authors develop an adaptive approach to synthesis of intelligent digital models, which have acquitted particular significance during the research of controlled mechanical constructions. Capacity for generation of active reactions to external functional and energy impacts is a distinctive feature, when the object automatically finds rational or optimal states by means of respective adaptation to the aforesaid impacts. The paper presents principles of intelligent model construction, which simulates the processes of controlled transitions between various states of "the controlled construction" in presence of NON-factors. The principle of cyclic adaptive control has been taken as the basis of generation of the "controlled construction" intelligent model, where in every cycle the managerial decision generation technology is implemented, which provides maintenance of the current construction state or its transition to a more preferable state. The identification process for identification of states of the studied construction has been analyzed, and it assumes comparison of the current values of its parameters corresponding to microstates of the informational image along with classification parameters of the preliminary designated multiple taxons of microstates. A taxonomic scheme was offered for this purpose based on the use of five main taxons having the definite system meaning. It has been shown that application of the squared distance metrics to median abscissa of the selected intervals is technologically sufficient as a proximity measure of the parameter value to the taxon of microstates. The management scenario has been considered in the intelligent mechatronic system, which displays transitions between the optimal states of "the controlled construction" under the influence of external factors. An example, of the intelligent model of mechanical construction is shown in the form of a pulse-type regulator for control of the executive mechanism of system reactions. Construction of the pulse-type regulator is based on the use of the virtual signal formation scheme of mismatch between the current value of the input signal and its value defined by the intelligent system setting mechanism. This mismatch is subject to discrete convolution with the tabulated and abridged original of the required pulse characteristic. It is also shown that sufficiently economical recurrent interrelations for calculations according to mismatch values are formed during construction of the model on the basis of proportional integral and differential regulators.

Efficiency Analysis and Improvement of an Intelligent Transportation System for the Application in Greenhouse

In view of the future lack of human resources due to the aging of the population, the automatic, Intelligent Mechatronic Systems (IMSs) and Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITSs) have broad application prospects. However, complex application scenarios and limited open design resources make designing highly efficient ITS systems still a challenging task. In this paper, the optimal load factor solving solution is established. By converting the three user requirements including working distance, time and load into load-related factors, the optimal result can be obtained among system complexity, efficiency and system energy consumption. A specialized visual navigation and motion control system has been proposed to simplify the path planning, navigation and motion control processes and to be accurately calculated in advance, thereby further improving the efficiency of the ITS system. The validity of the efficiency calculation formula and navigation control method proposed in this paper is verified. Under optimal conditions, the actual working mileage is expected to be 99.7%, and the energy consumption is 83.5% of the expected value, which provides sufficient redundancy for the system. In addition, the individual ITS reaches the rated operating efficiency of 95.86%; in other words, one ITS has twice the ability of a single worker. This proves the accuracy and efficiency of the designed ITS system.

Preface to the Special Issue on “Perception Information Technology Contributed to Intelligent Mechatronics Field”

Preface to the Special Issue on “Perception Information Technology Contributed to Intelligent Mechatronics Field”

Relability Design and Resilient Control for Intelligent Mechatronic System (RDRC-IMS)

Relability Design and Resilient Control for Intelligent Mechatronic System (RDRC-IMS)

Code Division of the Logical Channels for Transmission of Transactions in the Intelligent Mechatronic Systems

As a rule, modern engineering and manufacturing projects are saturated with electronic equipment for automated monitoring and control, as well as cable communication lines and radio frequency channels for transmission of transactions. During functioning of the intelligent mechatronic systems the number of the communication lines of the frequency ranges is restricted due to application of the CDMA principles. A drawback of this method of channelizing is connected with a high level of the interfering signals in case of an increased quantity of the simultaneously functioning subscribers, whereof signals at the receiving side are highlighted with the hardware and software correlators. Taking this into account, a numeric method was proposed for the accelerated data streams of the bits extraction from the frame bits during the code division multiple access to the transmission of the transactions on the basis of the use of the Walsh function and the intelligent mechatronic systems. The scheme of the code division of the bit streams was analyzed due to introduction of the information source bit streams to the mechatronic system of the intelligent multiplexers at the transmitting channel side and the intelligent bit streams separators at the receiving side. A peculiarity of this code division scheme for the logical channels is that it is fully implemented due to the use of the software as a part of the intelligent mechatronic system. Construction of the software models of the intelligent multiplexer and the intelligent separator proved their high efficiency and stability of their functioning. When up to 256 logical channels are formed in one physical channel, a reliable separation of the information bits is ensured, as well as their diversion by the sources with the allowed delays in the transactions' fulfillment. An essential extra time advantage occurs, because all the separator transactions in the real processor of the bit frames processing take place with the help of short commands of the integer arithmetic.