System Integration Technology Research Articles

Effect of different Ba/Sr ratios on the properties of borosilicate glasses for application in 3D packaging

Borosilicate glass is a promising material for 3D system integration technology due to its high integration and adjustable CTE (coefficient of thermal expansion). However, the structure and composition of borosilicate glasses result in a relatively high melting point and dielectric loss, which hinders the wide application of such glasses. In this study, we analyze the relationship between different Ba/Sr ratios and the structure and properties of the glass. We determine and further analyze the effect of mixed alkaline earth effect on the proportion of the Qn unit, [BO3], and [SiO4] in the glass structure, and consequently, its influence on the dielectric properties. Alkaline earth metals act as network-modifying ions to reconnect the interrupted network of the glass, stabilizing the glass structure and reducing the polarization loss of the glass. Raman analysis showed that the Raman spectrum shifted towards higher frequencies as the ratio of Al2O3/RO increased, with the Raman bands at 1300 cm-1-1500 cm-1 almost disappearing, while the Raman area at 730 cm-1-830 cm-1 increased. This indicated that the [BO3] units formed a ring structure in the glass, thereby enhancing the compactness of the glass network. The thermal expansion coefficient was 4.09 ppm/K when the Ba/Sr ratio was 1:1, and the dielectric constant and dielectric loss were 4.3 and 1.24×10-3, respectively. Overall, the dielectric properties and thermal expansion coefficients of the glass can be effectively reduced by doping with alkaline-earth metals, making the borosilicate glass more suitable for three-dimensional integrated system packaging.

The role of IT capabilities and managerial support in advancing digital transformation and internal audit: a literature review

Abstract This literature review focuses on concepts related to the role of information technology (IT) capabilities and managerial support in the context of advancing digital transformation and improving internal audit in the institutional environment. Through the synthesis of relevant academic sources, it is investigated how IT capacities and strategic management support influence the organizational ability to adapt to digital innovations. Special emphasis is placed on the complex dynamics that shape the interactions between these factors and their impact on institutional responsibility and performance. The results of the literature review illustrate the key mechanisms that support the digital transformation process, including the integration of technological systems, the development of digital competencies, and the role of management in providing resources and support. Further, a deeper understanding of the complexity of these interactions serves as a basis for further research in the field of digital transformation management and internal audit in an institutional context.

Advances in Nucleic Acid Assays for Infectious Disease: The Role of Microfluidic Technology.

Within the fields of infectious disease diagnostics, microfluidic-based integrated technology systems have become a vital technology in enhancing the rapidity, accuracy, and portability of pathogen detection. These systems synergize microfluidic techniques with advanced molecular biology methods, including reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR), have been successfully used to identify a diverse array of pathogens, including COVID-19, Ebola, Zika, and dengue fever. This review outlines the advances in pathogen detection, attributing them to the integration of microfluidic technology with traditional molecular biology methods and smartphone- and paper-based diagnostic assays. The cutting-edge diagnostic technologies are of critical importance for disease prevention and epidemic surveillance. Looking ahead, research is expected to focus on increasing detection sensitivity, streamlining testing processes, reducing costs, and enhancing the capability for remote data sharing. These improvements aim to achieve broader coverage and quicker response mechanisms, thereby constructing a more robust defense for global public health security.

HOME BLOOD PRESSURE TELEMONITORING IN THE NETHERLANDS: A PILOT STUDY IN GENERAL PRACTICES

Objective: Home Blood Pressure Telemonitoring (HBPT) has been proposed to improve blood pressure (BP) control, and efficient care delivery in patients with hypertension. Its adoption in GP practices however remains low. In this pilot study we evaluated barriers and facilitators for successful implementation, patient satisfaction, clinical effectiveness, and efficiency for a HBPT project in Dutch GP practices by means of the Quadruple Aim Model. Design and method: GP practices included patients with hypertension that were part of their regular cardiovascular disease program. The hospital would initially support the HBPT program followed by a period in which the GP practices were primarily responsible for the telemonitoring (figure 1, procedures A and B). We conducted semi-structured interviews at 3- and 6-months (figure 2) to identify barriers and facilitators for successful implementation. Patient satisfaction was measured with Telehealth Usability (TUQ) - and MHealth App Usability (MAUQ) Questionnaires. A Systolic Blood Pressure Intervention Trial (SPRINT) -protocol BP measurement was performed after the pilot project to assess clinical effectiveness. Efficiency data were collected on the number of registered consultations during the 6-month project. Results: Three GP practices included 19 patients. Barriers for implementation (table 1) were a lack of a reimbursement structure, lack of information technology system integration and increased experienced workload when using HBPT. Facilitators (table 1) included the positive effects on BP control, increased sense of safety for patient and care provider, and increased disease-insight. Median satisfaction scores for TUQ and MAUQ questionnaires (scale 1-7) were 6 (IQR 5-6) and 6 (IQR 5-7). At baseline, 16% of the patients had a BP <140/90 mmHg. Based on the performed SPRINT measurements, 68% had a well-controlled BP (<140/90 mmHg) after 6 months. Average BP improved from 151/89 mmHg to 132/81 mmHg (p=0.0004). On average, one monthly contact moment related to hypertension between patient and GP practice was registered. Conclusions: We found positive results following the introduction of HBPT in GP practices on clinical outcomes and patients’ satisfaction, however for large-scale implementation improvements with regards to organizational efficiency and a clear reimbursement structure are needed.

Integration of carbon dioxide sensor with GNSS receiver for dynamic air quality monitoring applications

Air pollution is a significant problem in big cities due to the rapid increase of anthropogenic activities and severe traffic congestion. Therefore, real-time and micro tools for air monitoring are urgently necessary for fast and better policy decision-making. The current city air monitoring tool is typically static and serves a macro area. This study introduces technology development to integrate the air quality sensor with the satellite-based navigation receiver. This study used a carbon dioxide (CO2) MH-Z19C sensor and real-time kinematic global navigation satellite system (RTK GNSS) U-Blox F9P with GNSS Trimble NetR9 receiver. The field air quality monitoring (CO2 observed in ppm) and the movement velocity (vehicle speed observed in km/h) were recorded on two main roads of Jakarta by using a survey vehicle. The study compares the observation results of the non-integrated system (NIS) and integrated technology system (IS). The two systems generated the CSV database (CO2 and vehicle speed); however, IS generated the automatic synchronized and error-free data output. The statistical regression analysis of CSV data (CO2 and vehicle speed) between the NIS and IS reported significant results, which means both are reliable. Still, the NIS did not require manual synchronization, with some possibility of error. The R square values show a significant gap (speed 0.99 over CO2 0.144), indicating that IS needs further development as the CO2 data varies due to technicality. The finding presents that integrating the CO2 sensor and GNSS receiver generates a more effective time synchronization process and a reliable error removal technique in developing the CSV data. This finding is a significant reference in developing the integrated satellite-based receiver system with external environmental sensors.

Model Exploration of Enhancing the Effectiveness of College Students’ Innovation and Entrepreneurship Based on Internet of Things Technology

Abstract How to use the Internet of Things (IoT) technology to enhance the effectiveness of innovation and entrepreneurship of college students has become a topic of focus in undergraduate colleges and universities. For this reason, this paper proposes to integrate innovation and entrepreneurship education with IoT technology. Due to the inconsistent application direction of IoT technology, it can be broken down into system integration technology, wireless communication technology, and intelligent sensing technology. These three are working together to create an innovative entrepreneurship teaching model that is based on IoT technology. The empirical analysis shows that the experimental group and the control group at the end of the period show large differences in the factor of innovation and entrepreneurship knowledge, with the mean values of 4.822, 5.163, and T=6.47, respectively, and P=0.0004. In addition, the linear regression equation of IoT technology and innovation and entrepreneurship ability (Y2) is Y2=71.863+0.128X1, which shows that IoT technology can effectively improve the students’ college students’ innovation and entrepreneurship knowledge, ability, and thinking. This study confirms that the development of IoT will bring unlimited possibilities to innovation and entrepreneurship education and will become an important driving force for developing students’ creative thinking.

Adopting sustainability business models for value creation and delivery: an empirical investigation of manufacturing firms

PurposeThis paper examines the role of a sustainability business model in clarifying a firm's sustainability value articulation (SVA) to achieve sustainability outcomes and examining the moderating role of supplier involvement practices SIP and technology systems integration (TSI) in attaining sustainability outcomes.Design/methodology/approachDrawing upon the foundational principles of business model innovation, specifically articulation and implementation, the authors formulated a theoretical construct and empirically validate it through analysis of data collected from 692 manufacturing firms dispersed across 23 countries.FindingsThe research shows that focusing on SVA significantly improves how a company implements sustainability efforts internally (ISI) and externally (ESI), leading to better social and environmental outcomes. It also highlights that SIP improve the relationship between SVA, ESI and ISI. Similarly, TSI boosts the effect of internal and external sustainability efforts on both social (SOP) and environmental performance (EnP).Research limitations/implicationsWhile acknowledging the inherent constraints of survey-based research methodologies, this study offers a theoretical and verified approach for manufacturers to achieve comprehensive sustainability. It emphasizes the need for clear, actionable sustainability goals that can be met through both internal operations and external partnerships.Practical implicationsThis study clarifies how manufacturers can implement sustainable business models, emphasizing the importance of clear sustainability goals and initiatives both within and outside the company. It highlights the dual aspects of supplier engagement through operational tactics (ESI) and strategic collaborations (SIP).Social implicationsThis study reveals a thrilling truth: when companies champion clear sustainability goals, they unlock powerful strategies that revolutionize practices within their walls and in their external dealings. It is not just about going green; it is about weaving financial prosperity, social responsibility and environmental stewardship into the very fabric of their business models. But there is more – by cleverly engaging suppliers and harnessing cutting-edge technology, companies are not just participants in the green revolution; they are leading it, crafting a world where business thrives alongside the planet and its people.Originality/valueThis research stands out for its empirical analysis of how manufacturing firms implement sustainability innovations at the plant level, an area previously underexplored despite extensive theoretical work on sustainability-centric business models.

(Invited) Optical Biosensors in Photonic Integrated Circuits for Smart System Integration

Photonic integrated circuits (PIC) are like electronic integrated circuits drivers of communication systems. Moreover, state-of-the-art technologies enable the fabrication of electronic-photonic integrated circuits (ePIC), which allows for example the cointegration of ultra-fast BiCMOS devices with high speed photo detectors. Besides that, this technology provides an attractive platform for biosensors. They open the door for label-free detection of various analytes with high specificity and in real-time. This gives perspective to highly scalable and cost effective technologies for smart system integration of biosensors and electronic readouts to realize a true lab-on-a-chip application.We present the integration of optical biosensors in a Si-based PIC-technology. This comprises a front-end of line with optical waveguides, an integrated Ge-photodiode and a complete back-end of line consisting of three thin and two thick aluminum metal layers. The optical biosensor is integrated by opening the optical waveguide from the backside of the chip. In particular, we released a Si-based slot waveguide, which provides an enhanced evanescent field to interact with the analyte and hence to increase the sensitivity. The slot waveguide is incorporated in a ring resonator and we analyzed the wafer-level performance using the full width at half maximum, which allows us to assess the optical losses. Thermal sensing in a wide temperature range is investigated. In addition, a simple and cost-effective microfluidic is realized and we show initial results of the surface functionalization. Our work demonstrates the compatibility of a photonic biosensor with a photonic integrated circuit technology without any restriction to the standard FEOL and BEOL processing on the wafer front-side, while it keeps the inherent high sensitivity of evanescent-field sensing and opens a route towards smart system integration. Figure 1

Recent Advances in Flexible Multifunctional Sensors.

Wearable electronics have received extensive attention in human-machine interactions, robotics, and health monitoring. The use of multifunctional sensors that are capable of measuring a variety of mechanical or environmental stimuli can provide new functionalities for wearable electronics. Advancements in material science and system integration technologies have contributed to the development of high-performance flexible multifunctional sensors. This review presents the main approaches, based on functional materials and device structures, to improve sensing parameters, including linearity, detection range, and sensitivity to various stimuli. The details of electrical, biocompatible, and mechanical properties of self-powered sensors and wearable wireless systems are systematically elaborated. Finally, the current challenges and future developmental directions are discussed to offer a guide to fabricate advanced multifunctional sensors.

Technology-Based Financial Risk Management Strategy: Overview of Recent Developments

Technological developments have had a significant impact on financial risk management. In this context, the application of artificial intelligence, the use of data analytics, and the role of blockchain technology are the main focus for increasing efficiency and accuracy in managing financial risks. This study aims to analyze technology-based financial risk management strategies with a focus on the application of artificial intelligence, the use of data analytics, and the role of blockchain technology. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a literature study as a research method. The data used comes from the results of previous research and studies that are related to technology-based financial risk management. This study found that technology-based financial risk management provides advantages in the form of operational efficiency, cost savings, and increased accuracy in risk analysis. However, challenges such as data security and privacy and the complexity of technology system integration must be overcome. In developing an effective technology-based risk management strategy, companies need to increase organizational understanding and awareness, develop a supportive regulatory framework, and conduct human resource skills training. Collaboration, continuous evaluation, and a sustainable approach are also keys to success in optimizing the use of technology in managing financial risks.

Investigation on the mercury nucleation mechanism based on the release characteristics of inhalable particles during coupled combustion of sewage sludge-coal washery tailing

Establishing an integrated treatment technology system for sewage sludge and coal washery tailing by mixed combustion can effectively overcome the disadvantages of the low calorific value and utilization efficiency, realizing the efficient resource. The single-component and coupled fuel were analyzed. Aiming at the generated inhalable particulate matter during the combustion process, using multiple characterization means and the fluidized bed experimental system, the micro-characteristics and elemental distribution of coupled fuel and combustion products were obtained, and the theory based on nucleation control was analyzed to reveal particle size distribution and particulate matter emission characteristics under multiparameter coupling conditions. The nucleation mechanism of Hg on the surface of the particulate matter under mixed combustion conditions was clarified. The results show that the weight loss process of sewage sludge in the combustion process mainly includes four stages. An obvious boundary between the volatilization and combustion processes of fixed carbon does not exist; furthermore, there is some overlap between the two processes. Volatiles and minerals interact in the mixed combustion process. The constituent elements of PM1 and PM1∼10 in the generated particulate matter are mainly easily vaporizable and refractory elements, respectively. The particle size of the particles produced presents the characteristics of bimodal distribution. There is a critical value (800 °C) for the influence of combustion temperature on the emission characteristics of particulate matter. It mainly affects the emission characteristics of coarse and fine particles through dominating the occurrence forms of tar, easily gasified and refractory elements, and the collision and aggregation process between particles. Homogeneous nucleation and heterogeneous condensation are the basic pathways for the transition of Hg from the gas phase to particle nucleation, and there are different nucleation control mechanisms. The heterogeneous condensation process includes diffusion control and surface reaction control. In addition, after the coupled fuel is demineralized by acid washing, the nucleation control mechanism changes significantly from diffusion control to chemical reaction control for the particles in the continuum region.

A Literature Review on Existing Methods and Indicators for Evaluating the Efficiency of Power-to-X Processes

The challenges posed by climate change have prompted significant growth in efficiency evaluation and optimization research, especially in recent years. This has spawned a variety of heterogeneous methods and approaches to the assessment of technical processes. These methods and approaches are rarely comparable and are usually only applicable to specific sectors. This paper provides an overview of the literature on efficiency assessment methods and KPIs, leading to a more manageable selection of an appropriate method with special regard to energy system integration technologies. In addition to reviewing the literature systematically, this paper examines existing methods and indicators’ applicability to and significance for efficiency optimization. In this context, a holistic approach to process design, evaluation, and improvement is given with particular regard to power-to-X systems. Within the framework of the study, three overarching goals could be defined as levels of efficiency evaluation of power-to-X systems: 1. identification of the process (steps) with the most significant optimization potential, 2. identification of the process phases with the greatest optimization potential (timewise considered), and 3. derivation of specific recommendations for action for the improvement of a process. For each of these levels, the most suitable evaluation methods were identified. While various methods, such as life cycle assessment and physical optimum, are particularly suitable for Level 1 and Level 2, for Level 3, even the best-identified methods have to be extended on a case-by-case basis. To address this challenge, a new approach to a holistic evaluation of power-to-X systems was developed based on the study’s findings.

Artificial Intelligence enabled Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Optimization in IoT for improved QoS

The Internet of Things (IoT) is a collection of intelligently connected devices that are connect to the internet. Every day, as technology advances, an IoT device outnumbers humans on the world. The Internet of Things (IoT) systems would connect not only physical users and devices, but also virtual networks and devices that have already been implemented in various scenarios using new networking, computing, and integrated system technologies. With the rapid advancement of technology, the number of devices involved grows rapidly. IoT systems have crucial issues in supplying sufficient bandwidth to IoT Devices for Improving Quality in Services provided in the form of QoS (Quality of Service) parameters, depending on the volume of devices and data. The proposed work is an artificial intelligence enabled dynamic bandwidth allocation optimization in IoT for improved QoS comprising of IoT devices, router, bandwidth data, KM-PSO clustering, Deep Alternative Neural Network (DANN), Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Optimization, and QoS Estimation. It provides a scalable solution for allocating the bandwidth for the IoT enabled devices for improving QoS parameters. The work uses K-Means-Particle Swarm Optimization (KM-PSO) for generating the optimum number of clusters for improving the accuracy of the proposed work. Once the optimal number of clusters are generated, a Deep Alternative Neural Network (DANN) used in the present invention detects the traffic from the IoT devices, predicts the required bandwidth to be allocated. The Artificial Intelligence enabled Dynamic Bandwidth Allocation Optimization (AIEDBAO) uses Fuzzy Logic Controller (FLC) for allocating Bandwidth based on the traffic rules generated. The improved QoS parameters achieved with the present invention are Bandwidth Consumption of 34.5Mbps, Packet Delivery Delay (PDD) of 32ms, Packet Loss of 4% and Throughput of 99% at supply of 50Mbps

SoIC_H Technology for Heterogeneous System Integration

A System on Integrated Chip_Horizontal (SoIC_H) technology for heterogeneous system integration in high-performance computing (HPC) is proposed. Compute logic chiplets and memory cubes are tightly integrated on a Si interposer via ultrafine pitch SoIC bond to provide low parasitic and high density in input/output (I/O) interconnects. To demonstrate the advantages of SoIC_H technology over <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bump in HPC applications, the electrical performance of a face-to-face (F2F), 3- <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> pitch ( <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> mP), and low-temperature (LT) SoIC bonding on a silicon interposer was conducted and compared with the ones using <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bump. Through system technology co-optimization (STCO), the proposed SoIC_H technology at the bond pitch of <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$3~\mu \text{m}$ </tex-math></inline-formula> improves energy per bit and latency for die-to-die I/O link and on-chip fan-in/fan-out design through the simulation. For memory cube integration, if <inline-formula xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">$\mu $ </tex-math></inline-formula> bumps between stacked dies are replaced by SoIC bonds, lower latency, higher bandwidth, and lower energy per bit for 4-Hi static random access memory (SRAM) cache and 12-Hi high bandwidth memory (HBM) are obtained. Moreover, the proposed structure provides significant thermal resistance improvements along the thermal conduction path of logic and memory cubes attached to the Si interposer. With much improved electrical and thermal performance, the SoIC_H technology enables energy-efficient heterogeneous system integration and applications.

Penerapan Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) Menggunakan Odoo 14 (Studi Kasus: Usaha Garmen Pada Club Ink Bali

Abstract&#x0D; Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) is an information system that is intended for some companies such as Club Ink Bali. Club Ink Bali is a Micro, Small and Medium Enterprise or UMKM which is engaged in the manufacturing of apparel, producing a produc t that is quite productive to make Club Ink Bali often experiences problems such as product ordering systems, and other transaction recordings that do not yet use technology, resulting in a long time to place an order, loss of material information data, and transactions. Therefore, the owner feels the need for an integrated technology system, therefore the researcher feels the right solution to deal with the problems at hand is to use Odoo software to help carry out business processes in the company by using several modules such as the Sales Module, Purchase Module, Point of Sales Module, Inventory Module, Manufacturing Module, Invoice Module, and Website Module.&#x0D;

Dynamic modeling and analysis of flexible micro-porous piezoelectric sensors applicable in soft robotics

With recent advances in system integration technologies, numerous efforts have been made to develop soft piezoelectric sensors for various engineering and healthcare applications. Using flexible and sensitive materials is crucial for designing soft sensors in order to maximize their efficiency and integrability. Micro-porous PU-PZT composite is a recently designed piezoelectric particulate composite material with an improved flexibility and piezoelectric voltage coefficient over common piezoelectric ceramics that makes it a promising candidate for application in soft sensors. In this study, we investigate the dynamic response and sensitivity of the micro-porous PU-PZT composite for applications in soft sensors in both 33 and 31 modes using energy methods. By using the effective field method, the micro-porous PU-PZT composite material properties were extracted and optimized based on the partially experimentally measured properties in order to get a complete picture of the properties of the material. In addition, the effects of changing the sensor geometry by varying the thickness and adding an extra layer between the piezoelectric layers are studied. Finally, a large area sensor based on micro-porous PU-PZT composite is simulated in finite element software, and the effect of several parameters on sensor’s performance is investigated. Dynamic analysis of the sensor shows high sensitivity in both 31 and 33 modes which is a significant improvement compared to the commonly used bulk piezoelectric ceramics. This work has demonstrated that due to the high output voltage and structural flexibility of the micro-porous PU-PZT composite, a flexible large-area sensor would be a suitable choice for artificial skins and smart gloves.

A Security Framework for In-Vehicle FlexRay Bus Network

With the continuous development of automotive electronic technology and the maturity of system integration technology, the real-time performance and security have attracted more and more attention in automotive industries. However, identically with other in-vehicle bus protocol (e.g. CAN, LIN and MOST), their security are not considered in the origin of design. Therefore, security of FlexRay bus is directly related to human's privacy and life. In this paper, we proposed a security framework for FlexRay network. Considering the limitation of computing resources and the real-time performance of in-vehicle ECUs, we optimize the original MAC(Message Authentication) algorithm. To strength the security level and robutness of the system, we recommend to use ECC (Elliptic Curves Cryptography) encryption algorithm and dual channel model for our security framework. By using our proposed model, the bandwidth can be reduced 25% and the computational time can decrease evidently.

Software development environment for collaborative research workflow in robotic system integration

Today's robotics involves a large range of knowledge and skills across many disciplines. This issue has recently come to light as robotics competitions attract more talented teams to tackle unsolved problems. Although the tasks are challenging, the preparation cycles are usually short. The teams involved, ranging from academic institutions to small startups and large companies, need to develop and deploy their solutions with agility. Therefore, this paper introduces a containerized Software Development Environment (SDE) based on a collaborative workflow relying on open-source technologies for robotic system integration and deployment. The proposed SDE enables the collaborators to focus on their individual expertize and rely on automated tests and unattended simulations. The analysis of the adoption of the proposed SDE shows that several research institutions successfully deployed it in multiple international competitions with various robotic platforms.

Foreword: Special Section on Advances in Electronics System Integration Technology

Nowadays, while electronics are strongly embedded into the architecture of our society bringing more and more new efficiencies to our industries, businesses, and even lifestyles, the complexity for designing advanced systems is increasing at a similar pace. In this context, innovative research ideas are the heart of the new features coming out in the latest generation of applications such as cloud computing, the IoT, medical and health technologies, automotive, aerospace, consumer, and home.

The Hellenic Marine Observing, Forecasting and Technology System—An Integrated Infrastructure for Marine Research

Research infrastructures have been established throughout Europe in order to create robust organizations that will facilitate and enhance research and innovation processes and will advance society with innovative products and services. The Hellenic Integrated Marine Observing, Forecasting and Technology System (component of HIMIOFoTS RI) has been implemented in the framework of the National Roadmap for Research Infrastructures to form a large-scale infrastructure for the marine environment in Greece. It links together ocean observing and forecasting systems, coastal zone monitoring and management practices, as well as ocean engineering testing facilities. The overarching framework of the system supports the coordination of five organizations with expertise in the field of marine science and technology, the central management of research activities, and the common development of services and products. It comprises facilities and resources while it provides open access to research communities (academia, industry) to support the scientific advancements and innovation in their fields. The Hellenic Marine Observing, Forecasting and Technology System was further enhanced during its implementation through significant upgrades and developments in order to extend its observing capacity and the forecasting and technological abilities, while advancing the provided services and products.