Integral Separation PID Controller Research Articles

DEVELOPMENT OF METHANE CARBON ISOTOPE BASED ON MID-INFRARED ABSORPTION SPECTRUM TECHNOLOGY APPLIED IN LOGGING PLATFORM

To meet the requirements of rapid measurement of oil and gas methane isotopes in offshore logging platforms, a methane carbon isotope measurement system based on mid-infrared TDLAS technology was proposed in this paper. The measuring system adopted a mid-infrared compact-linear optical structure, including an interband cascade laser (central wavelength at 2963.25 cm-1), long optical path multi-pass cell (effective optical path is 24 m) and mercury cadmium telluride detector (response wavelength is from 2 μm to 5 μm). Combining two 13CH4/12CH4 absorption lines, 2963.25 cm-1 and 2963.34 cm-1, with a high precision temperature control system using an integral separation PID control method, a temperature fluctuation within 100 mK can be achieved. In the experiment, CH4 gases with five different concentrations were configured to calibrate the measurement system, and the response linearity was more than 99%. When the integration time is 121s, the precision of isotope measurement was as low as 0.83 ‰. The average isotopic abundance of methane gas measured by the system was -10.2 ‰, and the error fluctuation was about ±0.5 ‰. It was verified that the system can rapidly measure oil and gas methane isotopes.

A state-space model-based temperature control system for laser remanufacturing molten pool

ABSTRACT Laser remanufacturing is a key technology for remanufacturing, which has been widely used in aerospace, metallurgy, energy and other fields. However, the problem of shape control has been the bottleneck that restricts the scale and industrial application. In the laser remanufacturing process, the molten pool temperature is the critical to determine the shape and performance stability of remanufactured parts. Based on this, the paper proposes a real-time online control method for laser remanufacturing molten pool temperature based on state space model, which solves the problem of difficult to establish control mechanism model and multiple variable constraints. Develop a real-time online control system for molten pool temperature of laser remanufacturing process based on state space model and incremental integral separation PID control, which uses a single sampling point as temperature feedback, solving the problem of lag generated by traditional feedback cycle, realizing real-time online control of molten pool temperature of laser remanufacturing process. Finally, the experimental results show that the developed molten pool temperature control system can effectively eliminate the sudden and gradual temperature change in the deposition process and significantly improve the thermal accumulation phenomenon in the deposition process, thus improving the forming quality and performance stability of remanufactured parts.

Calcium carbide furnace batching system based on integral separation PID control

The precise ratio of raw materials and the uniformity of furnace charge mixing are the premise of calcium carbide quality, energy saving, and consumption reduction, which have a great influence on the operation of calcium carbide furnaces. Based on analyzing the batching equipment and the batching process, the mathematical model of the batching process is established and the model parameters are determined by the method of the soaring curve. According to the characteristics of the batching process, a quantitative feeding control system was designed by using an integral separation PID control algorithm, and PID controller parameters were determined by the empirical trial and error method. The practical application in the production field shows that the quantitative feeding control system designed in this paper can fully meet the precise ratio of raw materials and the uniformity of mixing charge of calcium carbide furnace.

Adaptive cruise hierarchical control strategy based on MPC

In order to avoid the influence of adaptive cruise control system (ACC) on ride comfort and traffic flow, a hierarchical control strategy is proposed. The prediction model for the preceding vehicle and following vehicle is established. The safety and the ride comfort of the vehicle are taken as the optimisation targets. An upper controller based on model predictive control (MPC) algorithm is constructed to obtain the desired acceleration. In order to prevent switching error between drive torque and brake torque, and improve control accuracy, the lower controller is designed by integral separation PID control algorithm to track the preceding vehicle speed and the safe vehicle spacing distance. The simulation results show that the strategy can effectively control the vehicle speed under rapid acceleration/deceleration condition and steady-state cruising condition, and track the preceding vehicle speed near the safe spacing distance to ensure the safety, high efficiency and ride comfort.

Design of Power Converter for Aluminum Air Battery

In order to improve the output voltage performance of the aluminum air battery and improve the conversion efficiency, according to the output voltage characteristics of the aluminum air battery pack, we propose an LLC resonant converter based on integral separation PID control and voltage feedforward control. Then the main parameters of the converter were designed and finally simulated by MATLAB/Simulink. The experiment proves that the control method adopted by the aluminum air battery converter effectively improves the dynamic performance index of the system compared with the conventional PID control.

Wind-solar Complementary Controller Design of Round frame Wind generators

A new-type wind-solar complementary controller applied to round frame wind generators was designed and realized. This wind generator could realize real-time adjustment of paddle angle according to wind power so as to reach high safety and sustainable power generation effect even under a hurricane. The controller was integrated with a stepping motor driver. Integral separation PID control algorithm was used to drive stepping motor and adjust paddle angle so as to realize closed-loop control of generator velocity. Three-phase charging method was used to realize three-phase charging of storage battery so as to effectively lengthen its service life. MPPT algorithm was used to realize wind-solar complementary maximum power point tracking, thus improving the controller efficiency. STM32F103RBT6 chip-based wind-solar complementary controller was designed to complete controller hardware design and software programming. The system prototype was fabricated and experimented, and the experiment indicated that this controller could realize generator velocity control and battery charging-discharging functions with high efficiency and steady and reliable operation.

Increasing stability in robotic GTA-based additive manufacturing through optical measurement and feedback control

Abstract Additive manufacturing employing Gas Tungsten Arc (GTA) as the heat source is capable of fabricating fully dense metal components layer upon layer. However, this process is sensitive to various disturbances and needs on-line detection and adjustments. In this work, a visual sensor, comprising a camera and composite filters, is developed for automatically real-time sensing of the fabrication process. The aim is to keep stable manufacture, and the deviations of the deposited height are compensated by designing an integral separation PID controller to adjust the wire feed speed in the next layer. The optical measurement technique and the controller are estimated via building multi-layer single-pass walls. The results show that the process stability in GTA-based additive manufacturing is well controlled when the designed visual sensor and the proposed closed-loop controller are applied.

Design of the 2.45 GHz ECR Ion Source Control System for High Intensity D–T Fusion Neutron Generator

The 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source (ECRIS) is one of the key components of high intensity D–T fusion neutron generator, which provides a significant experimental platform for nuclear technology researches. A description of the control system for this 2.45 GHz ECRIS is presented in this paper. Distributed control technology configured with IPC and SIEMENS PLC is adopted in the control system on account of all the devices have diverse locations on the 350 kV high voltage platform. A high-speed redundancy optical fiber ring network with two SCALANCE industrial switches is constructed to accomplish network communication. Integral separation PID control algorithm is adopted to decrease the overshoots and long fluctuations generated by integral terms in the controllers. For all the devices and controllers are operated under the high voltages, strong electromagnetic fields and nuclear radiation conditions, numerous anti-interference measures are taken in this control system. Moreover, a multi-objective multi-parameter safety interlock system is constructed to break off beam production to protect operators and devices from high voltage and radiation hazards in emergency circumstances.

Design of Two-Wheeled Self-Balanced Robot Based on Kalman Filter

Using the chip MC9S12XS128, two-wheeled self-balancing robot control system is designed. Its posture information is detected by accelerometer MMA7260 and gyro NEC-03, multi inertial sensor data fusion is realized by Kalman filter, posture data optimal estimation is gotten, and the accuracy of posture sensing system is improved. Using integral separation PID control algorithm, controlling the left and right motors are accelerated or decelerated, self-balancing control of two-wheeled robot is achieved. The experimental results show that, using the hardware platform MC9S12XS128, Kalman filter algorithm has high efficiency and posture data fusion is accurate and reliable, requirements which are posture optimal estimation and inclination data real-time feedback are met, and the system is stable and can accurately and quickly realize self-balancing control of two-wheeled robot.

A vectored water jet propulsion method for autonomous underwater vehicles

Combination of propeller and rudder is most widely used by autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs). But the cavitations and noise caused by the revolving blades along with the steering shortage of rudder in special working condition make it inadequate for AUVs which require high speed, high mobility and acoustic stealth performance. A water jet thrust vectoring method is put forward in this paper for AUV's propelling and heading and attitude control. Though this method, reaction thrust of water jet produced by volumetric water pump can be directionally controlled by a vectored nozzle. This approach has advantages of low cavitations, low noise and high mobility. The structure of an AUV equipped with a vectored thruster was presented. Additionally, a 3-DOF parallel manipulator is employed for thrust vector control which is driven by water hydraulic system, and the parallel manipulator is analyzed in kinematics and dynamics. With regard to defects in conventional PID control, an integral separation PID controller was designed for the parallel manipulator. Modeling and simulation of the parallel manipulator was conducted in Simulink and SimMechanics to verify the performance of the thrust vector control system. Finally, analysis of vectored thrust shows superiority and potential for steering of high speed AUVs.

Research on Theodolite Auto-Focus Motor Control Technology Based on a Disturbance Observer

The design of DC servo control system for focus motor is an important part to realize the electronic theodolites auto-focusing. Focus motor is seriously influenced by various disturbances, such as friction and torque fluctuation, in frequently reversing process. It is difficult to accurately locate. To solve these problems, a DC motor control method was put forward which combined the integral separation PID and disturbance observer. Based on the three closed-loop DC servo system, the integral separation PID controller was taken in position loop, in order to eliminate static error and improve the control precision. The methods of motor trajectory planning were analyzed, the 4-5-6-7 interpolation trajectory planning was used to decline or prevent the start-stop impact and oscillation. The effectiveness of the control strategy was verified by comparative simulation experiment. The robustness anti-disturbance and location precision performance is improved significantly.

Integral Separation PID Control in the Control of Lye Concentration

For the requirements of the lye concentration in the mercerizing process, this article is designed for the control of the lye concentration in the integral separation PID controller, the controller is based on conventional PID control, Integral separation, and further improve the performance of the PID controller, improve the accuracy of the lye concentration control system. Simulation results show that: precise characteristics of the controller's existing conventional PID controller, and integral separation PID control system overshoot, improve the dynamic performance of the control system, enables the system to achieve satisfactory control performance.

Research of Compress Anti-Surge Based on the Integral Separation PID Algorithm

The original adjustment process of anti-surge control of the centrifugal compressor seriously wastes energy, and the traditional PID control is difficult to obtain satisfactory results. This paper designs an integral separation PID controller, the method can eliminate the integration accumulation on the one hand, and can take full advantage of integral control to eliminate static error and improve control precision on the other hand. Simulation results show that the method improves the optimization performance and the system dynamic performance is further improved.

New vacuum electron beam processing method based on temperature closed-loop control

This is a novel combination of vacuum electron beam (EB) processing and automatic control theory. The concept of full EB processing method was presented. The digital control system for temperature closed-loop control in EB processing based on scanning track control was realized. The method of controlling electron beam current and heating power by real-time adjusting grid bias voltage is feasible. EB processing methods consist of two stages: heating-up stage and temperature maintaining stage. In the former stage, a fuzzy controller was used to control the temperature rising velocity, the sensitivity of the control was evaluated; in the latter stage, an integral separation PID controller was used to keep the workpiece's temperature constant, ideal static and dynamic performances were obtained. The temperature rising velocity control and the maintaining control compose the full EB processing method, the transition of the two stages is bumpless.