Rope Inspection Research Articles

Broken Steel Wire Rope Inspection Based on RBF Neural Network

In view of the problem of low detection precision exists in traditional quantitative detection system of broken wire for steel rope, the paper proposed a design scheme of quantitative detection system of broken wire for steel rope based on RBF neural network. The RBF Neural Network was introduced to establish the model of discerning quantitative broken steel wires. Experimental results showed that the method performed well in the identification of damage.

Equivalent-Forms Reliability of Printed and Spoken Versions of the NASA-TLX

Sixty-four participants provided subjective workload assessments after each of 15 trials of selected laparoscopic training tasks, including cannulation, ring transfer, and rope inspection. Half of the participants responded to the NASA-TLX using the traditional printed format with manual (written) responses. The remainder listened to auditory scale cues and made vocal responses. A comparison of the two formats revealed strong (r > .80) correlations and equivalent sensitivity to task and training effects, indicating that the vocal format may be a suitable substitute for traditional administration methods in the evaluation of surgical technology.

Design of modified electromagnetic main-flux for steel wire rope inspection

This paper presents the design and construction of modified main-flux equipment for wire rope inspection which has advantages over the in-service inspection and indirect axial-flux measurement used by ordinary main-flux and return-flux methods. The equipment can be adjusted high electromagnetic field strength to produce leakage filed from flaws of various large-diameter ropes. Unique coil sensors connected in series were employed and performed well when sensing leakage fields of the radial, axial and tangential directions. In addition, a standalone system has a simple setup for service inspection. Due to the complicated structure of the wire rope, electromagnetic field theory for anisotropic structures with high electromagnetization was used to design the equipment. The characteristics of the leakage field, in terms of localized fault and loss of metallic cross-sectional area, were distinguished mathematically. The sensor orientation to detect leakage fields was also determined. Performance of the system was then verified experimentally and shown good resolution and repeatability. Furthermore, the equipment is sufficiently sensitive to detect a smallest surface flaw of 1×2 mm at 5 mm equipment lift off. The inspection signals were processed and shown locations, levels and deterioration quantities.

Electromagnetic inspection of wire ropes and strand-supported structures

For in excess of 25 years, the author has been deeply involved in the non-destructive inspection of wire rope and strand, design and development of wire rope and strand testing equipment and various methods of rope inspection including electromagnetic and visual (remote video). Many of the guyed flare stacks and wire rope or strand-supported structures in use in the US and overseas refineries, pipelines and chemical plants were erected in the 1950s, 60s and 70s. Many were built even earlier. While many of the components of these structures have been routinely inspected by various methods of testing, the wire rope and strand that support and hold these structures in position have, typically, been taken for granted and only elementary visual inspections have been performed. Wire rope and strands in sedentary environments deteriorate and lose their working capability due to many factors. These factors exist both internally and externally. This paper describes many of these factors for deterioration and the method used to detect corrosion, broken wires, abrasion, etc. Explanations as to how the instrumentation works and how the acquired data is used to estimate remaining strength is also included in the paper. Procedures for the inspection of guy ropes. strands and their related fittings are also covered in the paper.

A neural network-based technique for quantitative wire rope inspection

The possibility of solving the problems encountered in the quantitative inspection of broken wires with a neural network is discussed and a new algorithm is presented. In comparison with conventional methods, the performance of inspection is much improved with the neural network-based technique.

Relationship between reflected signal amplitude and defect size in rope inspection using a transverse-impulse vibrational wave

The relationship between defect size (reduction in cross-section and length) and reflected signal amplitude of a transverse-impulse vibrational wave in a rope was investigated experimentally. Results obtained from a 4.8 mm diameter wire rope with simulated defects of various sizes agreed well with the theoretical reflection coefficient. The lower boundary of the detectable defect size and a possible means of further extending the boundary are also discussed.

Advanced equipment for the inspection of lift ropes : Proceedings of the International Conference on Monitoring, Surveillance and Predictive Maintenance of Plants and Structures, Taormina-Giardini Naxos, Sicily (Italy), 15–18 Oct. 1989, pp. 508–513. Italian Society for Nondestructive Testing

Advanced equipment for the inspection of lift ropes : Proceedings of the International Conference on Monitoring, Surveillance and Predictive Maintenance of Plants and Structures, Taormina-Giardini Naxos, Sicily (Italy), 15–18 Oct. 1989, pp. 508–513. Italian Society for Nondestructive Testing

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940 : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940 : Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

Quantitative wire rope inspection : NDT International, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 337–340 (Oct. 1988)

Quantitative wire rope inspection : NDT International, Vol. 21, No. 5, pp. 337–340 (Oct. 1988)

In-service inspection of wire ropes: state of the art

The art of wire rope inspection has advanced rapidly over the past decade. Present electromagnetic (EM) wire rope inspection instruments provide an important and often indispensable element of wire rope inspection. The easy operation of some instruments combined with their straightforward and unambiguous data interpretation now allows even moderately skilled personnel to perform EM inspections of wire ropes. At the same time, wire rope inspection and retirement standards are becoming simpler and less ambiguous. Future guidelines will be uncomplicated for inspectors to apply and for rope operators to implement. The discernible trend of regulatory requirements is clearly toward periodic EM inspections supported by visual inspections. Wire rope users now recognize that—because they can detect rope deterioration in its incipient stage—EM inspections are a powerful preventive maintenance tool. For instance, the early detection of wear of corrosion allows immediate remedial action which can easily double—or, many times, even triple or quadruple—the service life of a rope.

Electromagnetic testing, a reliable method for the inspection of wire ropes in service

The art of wire rope inspection has progressed rapidly over the past few years. Presently available electromagnetic instruments are now much easier to operate and provide an important (in some cases indispensable) element of wire rope inspection. Test data obtained from these instruments can provide accurate quantitative estimates of safety-related wire rope parameters such as loss of metallic cross-sectional area (LMA) and provide a more reliable basis for estimating the condition and remaining service life of a rope. This paper illustrates the use of modern nondestructive test methods to assess the safety of wire ropes in service.

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940: 39135 Weischedel, H.R. Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

Electromagnetic wire rope inspection in Germany, 1925–1940: 39135 Weischedel, H.R. Materials Evaluation, Vol. 46, No. 6, pp. 734–736 (May 1986)

鋼索の無速度電磁探傷

the search coil.This semiconductor device is somewhat similar to well known magneto-electric converting devices, except that the sensitivity of this device is several hundred times greater than that of them.The most significant feature of the new system is its independency of the sensitivity on the rope speed, which substantiated the inspection virtually at any speed including motionless state.Several units of the device, whose number is consequential to its physical dimensions and also to the inherent directional sensitivity, are laid on a pair of split bobbin to encircle the rope simultaneously at a close two sections to form a twin annular detector assembly.Serial or cummulative connection of all the units in one section covers the effect of lateral vibration of the rope, and the differential connection between the both halves of the twin results in a satisfactory enhancement of overall noise immunity.The output voltage ranges approximately ten times greater than the e.m.f.on the conventional search coils at a pertinent magnetization, and may be fed into an appropriate differential amplifier for following signal processing.For general inspection, the number of the units in each half should not be consistent with the number of strands in the rope in order to reduce the periodical noise caused by the inevitable periodic change in radial clearance between the relief of rope surface and the annular detector assembly while the rope passes.This system with another version of the detector assembly may also be applied to measuring the let out length of a rope, determining the elongation and examining the uniformity of rope strand, in which assembly the number of the units in each half should be consistent with the number of strands.