Innovative Type Of Development Research Articles

ANALYSIS OF EXISTING ENERGY INSTALLATIONS FOR ULTRAVIOLET DISINFECTION OF RECIRCULATING NUTRIENT SOLUTION IN SYSTEMS OF CROPS AUTOMATIC HYDROPONIC IRRIGATION IN PROTECTED GROUND

Decisive for solving food security problems in Ukraine while preserving and restoring the ecology of the environment should be an intensive method of management, i.e. the orientation of economic entities of their own activities on the innovative type of development, active use of scientific and technical developments and implementation of modern agricultural innovations. In its turn, the qualitative and quantitative indicators of crop production of protected soil depend on the technical condition of technological equipment.
 The purpose of the work is research and analysis of existing power plants for ultraviolet disinfection of recirculating nutrient solution in systems of automatic hydroponic irrigation of crops in a protected soil, as well as elucidation of the impact of filtration and disinfection of nutrient solution on the presence of microorganisms when reusing plants in systems. The paper investigates the ways to improve the operation of power plants for ultraviolet disinfection of recirculating nutrient solution in the cultivation of crop products of protected soil. It provides the value of the required radiation dose for 90% disinfection of the recirculation solution from various bacteria, viruses and fungal spores and the dependence of bactericidal efficiency on the wavelength of light. Ultraviolet rays with a length from 200 to 280 nm (UV-C range) have the most pronounced bactericidal effect. Research in this area has shown that the optimal wavelength for irradiation is 253.7 nm. As a result of such irradiation, microorganisms die or lose their ability to reproduce. It has been proven that the classical layout scheme of power plants for ultraviolet disinfection of the recirculation solution is inefficient, because it does not rid the recirculation solution of turbidity and the presence of iron and does not guarantee high efficiency of the ultraviolet disinfection plants. The paper describes the method of carbonate precipitation of metal ions, which is based on the formation of insoluble metal compounds as a result of treatment of an aqueous solution with carbonates or bicarbonates of alkali metals. Prospects for further research are the development of methods and tools to improve the operation of power plants for ultraviolet disinfection of recirculating nutrient solution in the cultivation of crop products of protected soil.

Цифровая трансформация государственного сектора как необходимое условие перехода на инновационный тип развития экономики

The subjects of the research are the introduction of information systems and the creation of digital platforms as a tool for the digital transformation of the public sector of the Russian Federation in connection with the transfer of the activities of public authorities and business structures to the digital space to optimize and improve the efficiency of their activities. The purpose of the work is to establish effective mechanisms for digitalization of state and municipal administration, as well as state organizations through the use of developing and developing digital platforms. The relevance of this study is due to the tendency of all economically developed countries to digitalize public administration, which has significantly increased after the coronavirus pandemic due to the need to organize stable internal and external interaction of government agencies and business entities in electronic format. The paper analyzes the main legislative acts in the field of digitalization and the activities of state bodies, as well as organizations with state participation; reveals the essence of digital transformation and justifies the feasibility of reorganizing the accompanying business processes on the example of large state-owned enterprises; considers the main information technologies, systems and digital platforms; suggests the most effective approaches to decision-making in the field of digitalization state and municipal management in the conditions of transition to an innovative type of economic development. The conclusion is made about the need for digital transformation in the field of state and municipal services in electronic form as an integral part of the economy focused on an innovative type of development.

Оценка влияния изменения структуры занятости на численность постоянного населения Дальнего Востока России

The migration outflow of the population from the territory of the Far East is a factor threatening the security of the state, as defined in the Spatial Development Strategy of Russia. To overcome it, it is necessary to determine the essence of this negative phenomenon, reflecting complex socio-economic processes both within the territorial community and in the country as a whole. Migration factors are divided into factors-conditions and structural factors. The purpose of this study is to determine socio-economic factors-conditions of migration outflow of population from the Far East and to measure the strength of correlations of changes in the employment structure of the population of the macroregion with its size. In the historical conditions of the transition of the most developed countries and regions to an innovative type of development, the motivations of migration are changing, as well as the structure of migration flows by gender, age, education, qualifications. Their retirement is determined by the continuing reduction of jobs in high-tech manufacturing industries, as well as in knowledge-intensive activities, such as electricity, gas and water production, and in social organizations: education, healthcare, social services, throughout the entire period since the beginning of the 90s of the twentieth century. The recipients of migrants, most of whom have a high level of education and qualifications, in modern society, both in Russia and abroad, are regions that are leaders in scientific, technical, innovative development, centers of high-tech production, high-tech services. Accordingly, the solution of the problem of state significance, on the reversal of migration flows to the Far East, requires the transition of the subjects of the Russian Federation located in the Far East to a predominantly innovative type of development.

INNOVATIONS AND DYNAMISM OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: INNOVATIVENESS OF J.A. SHUMPETER

Purpose. The aim of the article is study of the evolutionary nature of the theoretical heritage of J.A. Schumpeter, its influence on the features of the formation of scientific thought regarding the main elements of innovation in the process of economic development. Methodology of research. To achieve this goal of the study, the following methods of scientific analysis were used: historical, systemic, structural-functional and comparative. The historical method made it possible to trace the leaks, genesis, main stages and features of the development of innovations, as well as to determine the prospects for the development of innovation activity in the third millennium. The system method allowed us to comprehensively consider innovations, identify essential elements and connections; structural-functional - to explain the parts and components of the innovation process; the comparative method reveals the features of the countries' innovative activity, its impact on the development of the information society. Findings. It has been established that the creation by J. Schumpeter of the theory of a qualitatively new innovative type of development is an outstanding contribution that radically changed the traditional ideas about economic development and economic growth. Schumpeter's ideas about the internal stimulating role of innovation and technological progress served as a kind of starting point for the further formation of various theories of the transformation of the capitalist system, its transition to a higher stage of development (industrial and post-industrial society). It is substantiated that in the modern world innovations are becoming a determining factor in the dynamic development, transformation and competitiveness of socio-economic systems throughout the world. Originality. The main approaches to the concept of innovation are summarized and their influence on the emergence of the term "new economy" is established, one of the main attributes of which is knowledge as a factor of production and wealth generation. The importance of Schumpeter's works at the present stage of reforming economic science after the global crisis is established, since, according to Schumpeter's theory, innovation is accompanied by the creative destruction of the economic system, causing its transition from one state to another. Practical value. Theoretical provisions, conclusions and recommendations are important for the scientific substantiation of the need for innovative activities, as well as the possibility of applying these results in the educational process. Key words: global information society, innovation, innovative activity, information and communication technologies, "knowledge-based economy", creative destruction.

Теоретичні витоки управління розвитком інноваційного підприємництва

The development of any economic system involves the transformation of the basic characteristics of its participants. In this case, the development itself can be both traditional and innovative. Currently, it is important to consider the innovative type of development at the enterprise level, which means a purposeful process of finding ideas, preparing innovations and their implementation, to increase their efficiency, and for society - to increase needs, the state - to increase the competitiveness of national products in the international market. It is obvious that the development of innovative activity of the enterprise is one of the decisive factors of its successful development. The purpose of this study is a comprehensive study of the theoretical origins of management of innovative entrepreneurship, the formation of a systematic view of the features of innovation management of the enterprise in modern business conditions. A comprehensive study of the theoretical origins of management of innovative entrepreneurship development was carried out, in particular, the emergence of views on the essence of such concepts as “innovation”, “innovative enterprise”, “innovative entrepreneurship”, “development of innovative entrepreneurship” were analyzed in the article. The authors suggest their own interpretation of such categories taking into account the analysis of domestic and foreign approaches and theoretical provisions for this problems in the modern understanding. Also, a systematic presentation of the features of management of the innovative activity of an enterprise in modern economic conditions was formed. The authors believe that for successful management of innovative development of the enterprise there should be a "smart" management system of innovative development of the enterprise. The purpose of the IDE management is to increase the competitiveness of the enterprise - the stable market position for continuous development in a constantly changing external and internal environment. Features of managing the development of innovative entrepreneurship at the present stage are the following: the ability and readiness of the economic entity to positive change, progress; the sequence of management actions that realize the innovation potential; quantitative changes in the relevant "growth points"; qualitative changes based on cooperation and rivalry between market participants for better conditions of production, purchase and sale of goods. It should be noted that management of innovation entrepreneurship development should have the support of the state in the context of Ukraine's innovation policy. The prospects for further research are related to the improvement of the innovation entrepreneurship management system as a key element for increasing the competitiveness of modern enterprises in a constantly changing external and internal environment.

ІННОВАЦІЙНИЙ РОЗВИТОК АГРАРНОГО ВИРОБНИЦТВА ЯК СТРАТЕГІЧНИЙ НАПРЯМ ЗАБЕЗПЕЧЕННЯ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПРИВАБЛИВОСТІ СІЛЬСЬКИХ ТЕРИТОРІЙ

The article provides a scientific and theoretical justification of strategic directions to ensure the investment attractiveness of rural areas on the basis of innovative development of agricultural production. It is determined that the specifics of innovation processes that take place in the agricultural sector, indicates the diversity of regional, sectoral, functional, technological and organizational features of rural development. It is noted that the elimination of factors that negatively affect the innovation process would ensure the accelerated development of innovation infrastructure and intensify innovation to invest in socio-economic, organizational, managerial and technical-technological re-equipment of production in rural areas. To understand the essence of innovation processes in agricultural production and to reveal some of their features, a scheme is proposed that reflects the stages, content and subjects of the innovation process in the agricultural sector. It is established that the innovative development of agricultural production and the mechanism of its management should consist in working out possibilities of stimulation of introduction of innovations for the purpose of radical transformation of rural territories for their orientation on innovative type of development. To do this, it is necessary to ensure financial investment in the development and implementation of innovations in agricultural production, both by the state and by private investors and large enterprises using the tools of public-private partnership. Develop a stable regulatory framework that allows you to clearly regulate the implementation of innovations and successfully address legal issues related to this activity. Provide training for highly qualified personnel capable of creating and implementing innovations, as well as effectively managing the innovative development of rural areas. Provide businesses with information support to better understand the latest developments in the agricultural sector, as well as to respond more quickly to changes and improve the efficiency of the management decision-making process.

АКТИВНАЯ ИННОВАЦИОННАЯ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТЬ КАК НЕОБХОДИМЫ ФАКТОР УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНАЛЬНЫХ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ

The article discusses the main directions and mechanisms of development of innovative activity of enterprises in efficient development of subjects of economic activities, development of the regional economy, solutions to critical social problems facing the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Federation. Highly productive mechanisms for the development of innovative activity of enterprises will not only be an effective tool for ensuring the progressive economic development of regions, but also a means of transferring the country's economy to an innovative type of development.

Innovative sources of increasing the competitiveness of rural green tourism enterprises

The subject of research is the theoretical and practical aspects of the definition and implementation of innovations, forms and directions of innovation in order to increase the competitiveness of rural green tourism enterprises. The aim of the work is to identify innovative sources of increasing the competitiveness of rural green tourism enterprises and substantiate the factors, components and tools for innovation in a knowledge economy, digital technologies, non-cash payments, high-speed Internet. The methodological basis of the article were the theoretical and methodological provisions of modern business economics, historical and monographic methods of scientific knowledge, as well as system-structural analysis and synthesis of the study of phenomena and processes, problem-based approach in justifying types, forms and directions of innovation. Results of work. The sources and offered components, directions and tools of introduction of innovations in work of the enterprises of rural green tourism, including in the form of organizational and administrative, marketing, product groups of them are revealed; in the form of IT startups, touring and digital systems and backup networks; timesharing, clustering, strategic alliances and clubs; smart Internet projects, software organization and management of the actual agro-villages and tourist enterprises in the countryside to increase their competitiveness. Field of application of results. Conclusions and results can be used in the work of rural green tourism enterprises, rural communities, public organizations, local governments; in the educational and scientific process of economic faculties of universities, colleges of tourist specialization, other institutions of higher education. Conclusions. Innovative activity in the system of strategic goals, priorities and guidelines for increasing the competitiveness of rural green tourism enterprises in the era of knowledge economy and digitalization will take a leading place. The realization of their important socio-economic functions, as well as other subjects of social life is becoming increasingly associated with an innovative type of development. In turn, it is based on a continuous and purposeful process of finding, preparing and implementing innovations. The possibility and motivation to obtain higher incomes and the need to increase the efficiency of financial and investment resources forces the participants of the tourism business in the countryside to purposefully create new tastes, interests and needs, introduce fundamentally new products, products, services and technologies. All this is also connected with the acceleration of innovation processes.

The institutional framework for industrial sector modernization: the essence and ways of improvement

Relevance of research topic. An institutional mechanism aimed at progressive technical and technological modernization of the production sector as the basis of the national economy is an important component of the transition of Ukrainian industry to an innovative type of development. Formulation of the problem. At the same time, the growth in the level of depreciation of the fixed assets of Ukraine's industry already accounts for two thirds of their initial value, which indicates the gaps in the structure and links between the components of the existing institutional mechanism and leads to its low efficiency. Analysis of recent research and publications. The questions of the essence of the institutional mechanism of economic development and industrial modernization were studied in the works of D. North, C. Polanyi, J. Hodgson, I. Averina, V. Heyets, A. Grytsenko, S. Istomin, G. Kleiner, N. Lebedeva, A. Plotnikova, S. Yashchenko, etc. Selection of unexplored parts of the general problem. Despite the acuteness of the problem of technological renewal of the industrial sector and increase of its competitiveness by means of transition to the innovative type of development, the aspect of industrial modernization has not been studied enough. Setting the task, the purpose of the study. The purpose of the research is to define the essence, structure and directions of development of the institutional mechanism of industrial modernization for overcoming the stagnation and increase the competitiveness of domestic industrial production. Method or methodology for conducting research. Structural-logic, specifically economic methods, method of scientific abstraction, institutional analysis, economic and statistical and expert methods are used in the research. Presentation of the main material (results of work). Institutional mechanism of industrial modernization is a multi-level formation with a large number of vertical and horizontal links between institutions, in which the necessary flows of knowledge, technology and capital are formed with the help of specific instruments, the effectiveness of which is determined by the quality of institutions. Analysis of the state of industrial modernization has revealed a significant share of outdated technologies in the basic industries, a significant outflow of foreign direct investments and insufficient capital investments, which is associated with imperfections in the existing institutional mechanism. They should be managed through a system of monitoring of state of industrial modernization and re-institutionalization of linkages between the state and industrial stakeholders as an important tasks of industrial policy. The field of application results. The results of the study can be used in the improvement of the legal and regulatory framework for industrial development, in the development of programs and action plans of the government to overcome the crisis in the Ukrainian economy. Conclusions according to the article. The research has revealed the essence of the institutional mechanism for modernization of the industrial sector, defined its structure and analyzed its components – institutions, institutes, communication channels and instruments of stimulation. It was determined that its development should be regulated by the state through monitoring of the state of industrial modernization, revision of legislation, selection of effective instruments of industrial policy, reinstitutionalization of communications and formation partnership within the framework “state - industry - science”.

MARKET OF THE INNOVATIVE PRODUCTS

Topicality. The modern economy of the developed world powers is oriented on creation of conditions of favorable innovative type of development, attraction and use of innovations in economic activity, one of the main components of regulation of innovative activity of any country is the market of innovations. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to study the current state and components of the market for innovative goods in Ukraine and their impact on the economy of the state. Research results. The main stages of the innovation process and their connection with the market system are considered in the article; the concept and components of the market for innovative goods are defined; the main indicators of innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises are analyzed. The structure of the basic elements of the market of innovative goods is proposed and the main problems of formation and development of the market of innovations in the country are revealed. Conclusion. The formation of an innovation market is a complex, contradictory process, as an underdeveloped innovation market has a devastating effect on the competitiveness of innovation structures, the reduction of innovation activity and the efficiency of entrepreneurial activity. The development of the innovation market, on the one hand, seeks the entrepreneur to innovate, and on the other - creates fierce competition, technological unemployment, not always the ability to control the level of prices for innovative products, new problems of ecology, ergonomics, security, etc. The functioning and development of the market for innovative goods in Ukraine requires the formation of infrastructure of the market of innovations, increase the demand of industrial enterprises and business for the results of intellectual labor and research and development, and build a system of interconnection between educational institutions, science, scientific, technical, experimental and design activities and representatives of the real economy sector, in the future will increase the innovation activity of Ukrainian enterprises. Little attention is paid to the development and financing of science in the country; functioning of highly competitive development of the market of intellectual and innovative products requires interrelation between business and the state; it is necessary to create a favorable economic, legal and information environment for the development of an innovative market; it is necessary to support the development of innovative entrepreneurship by the state; it is necessary to improve the system of commercialization of the results of intellectual activity at all stages of the innovation process.

Model of investment-innovative development of economy of depression areas of the region

The sources of financing investment and innovation activities are considered. Based on the analysis, a non&traditional source of investment in innovation is proposed – financial leasing. The objective need for the transition to the region’s economic growth and in the strategic plan for the phased transfer of economic systems to an innovative type of development based on a significant increase in investment activity in a market economy is shown, which is possible through a new scientific understanding of the economic nature of investments and the formation of an effective mechanism for their effective use in technological updating industrial sphere of depressed areas of the region.

Development of the regional marketing system in the field of transport services

Introduction. In modern conditions, an important task of the transport industry of the region is an effective, well-established system of marketing research. Marketing research allows analyzing alternative options for the development of the transport industry in the region. As a result, it is possible to quantify and qualitatively existing options, make a long-term forecast and on this basis to choose the best of the considered alternatives to management decisions for innovative de-velopment of the transport industry. The transport marketing system focuses on basic market research and forecasting. The purpose of this article is to study of the peculiarities of the development of the regional marketing system in the field of transport services. Results. The article considers the basis of the issue of introducing a marketing system in the transport sector of the region; features of transport services are revealed; the directions of transport marketing are characterized. Research has shown that the transport marketing system provides a flexible response to transport market conditions by monitoring price regulators. The formation of a regional marketing system takes place on all means of transport. The main principles of the regional marketing system in the field of transport services are highlighted and an algorithm for the implementation of the main directions of transport marketing is proposed, which will provide a flexible response of supply and demand in the transport market with the help of price. Marketing services are organized in the management and departments of railways, shipping and ports, leasing companies of air, road and river transport. Conclusions. Given the strategic focus of the transport industry on the innovative type of development, the adapta-tion of transport companies to new conditions of economic behavior and its active implementation is closely connected with the system of marketing research. The development of the marketing system of the transport industry of the region will help to find ways to adapt to the ever-changing environmental conditions and innovative activities of enterprises aimed at meet-ing the needs of consumers. Keywords: marketing; transport industry; region; transport services; transport services market.

Features of innovative development in the world economy in the conditions of digitalization of the economy

The issue of the correlation of local and global is one of the main problem in comprehending the development prospects of modern society. The directions of development of the world economy are quite controversial and combine two components that reflect its glocalization, that is, the result of the transformation of economic relations of various types, levels and forms. The subject of this research is the evolution of the innovative development of entrepreneurship in the context of globalization and localization. The purpose of the article is to study and clarify the essential understanding of the concept of “glocalization” and the development of the theoretical foundations of the formation of a new scenario of economic development, taking into account the trends of the digital economy. Objective: to study the etymology of the concept of glocalization and to carry out a historical excursion into the process of its diffusion; to form an idea of the complementarity of the globalization of competition and the localization of sources of competitive advantage; identify the main criteria for the formation of an effective innovation environment; argumentation of the need to create a new scenario of economic development, taking into account the trends of glocalization in the digital economy. General scientific methods of analysis and synthesis are used. The following results were obtained: it was proved that the imposition of technological and integration processes taking place in modern society require clarification of the features of innovative development. Integration of the Ukrainian economy into the global economic space requires the creation of conditions for high-tech production and innovation. Conclusions: economic and political events of recent years have substantiated the increasing relevance of glocalization and fragmentation studies. It is necessary to create a new scenario of economic development, namely, an innovative type of development. Updating the technological base of production, digitalizing the economy and building up intellectual capital is the basis of the innovative development of the economy.

ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ МЕХАНИЗМА ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОГО РАЗВИТИЯ РЕГИОНА

The article examines the main directions of the formation of a mechanism for the socio-economic stability of the region, the use of which contributes not only to the effective development of economic entities, but also to the solution of the most important social problems facing the state authorities of the constituent entities of the federation. Highly productive mechanisms for sustainable development of regions will make it possible not only to become an effective tool for ensuring the progressive economic development of the constituent entities of the federation, but also to contribute to the transition of the country's economy to an innovative type of development.

Innovative technical science development as a solution to the problem of poverty (monitoring in the subjects of Russia)

An innovative type of development presupposes a continuous and purposeful process of searching, preparing and implementing innovations that make it possible to increase the efficiency of the functioning of social production, increase the degree of realization of the needs of society, and ensure an improvement in the life of the people. The international experience of solving the problem of poverty through innovative and technological development can be applied in Russia. On the basis of the materials from 77 constituent entities of the Russian Federation the authors determined that the provided regional action plans to achieve the national goal of halving the poverty level I were not sufficient and propose the additional list of measures to achieve this goal. The authors propose the methods for calculating the target value of the poverty level indicator (the level of the population with incomes below the subsistence level and the distribution of target persons across the constituent entity of the Russian Federation.

The Environmental Kuznets Curve: Industrial Application For Forecasting Waste Generation And Emissions Of Harmful Substances

Purpose. To determine sustainable development conditions according to the criteria of emissions of harmful substances and waste generation when modelling impact factors of the parameters and general environmental situation in Ukraine. Methods. In the research general scientific (analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, analytical grouping) and special (abstraction, modelling, etc.) methods of studying economic phenomena and processes have been used. Results. For modelling of national sustainable development parameters by the parameters of emissions of harmful substances and waste generation it has been proposed to apply sectoral approach and the model of the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC). It has been proved that the EKC model should be used not only to model parameters of emissions of harmful substances, but also for waste generation. Besides, it has been proved that it is necessary to take into account not only national level indicators, but also the contribution of the leading sectors driving national economy. Modelling has been carried out for the following industries: processing; mining and quarry development; agriculture, forestry and fisheries; supply of electricity, gas, steam and conditioned air; transport, warehousing, post and courier services. The models are based on correlation between GDP, average nominal income per capita, environmental costs, waste generation and emissions of harmful substances at the national level and by its leading industries. It has been determined that reaching the "turning point" on sectoral EKCs correlates waste generation and emissions with industry`s rate of remuneration, value added (sectoral GDP) and sectoral investment in environmental protection in the context of industry`s specifics. It has been demonstrated that in Ukraine the "turning point" on the EKC has been provided by 20% of economically active population in industries that generate 46% of emissions amid country's average nominal income per employee and steady growth of environmental expenses for at least two years. Conclusions. It has been proved that the EKC for Ukraine should be analyzed by the sectors of national economy. To form effective national environmental policy, sectoral EKCs should be applied to determine emissions of harmful substances and waste generation. It has been determined that the key factor to ensure country`s sustainable development is environmental investment both at the national level and by its driving economic sectors. Thus, the sectoral EKC reflects the progress towards industries` sustainable development that form main revenue receipts of the government and determine the rate of remuneration in the real sector. Modelling of the EKC parameters for waste and emissions of harmful substances fully corresponds to the trends of sustainable economic growth and its transition to the innovative type of development.

АКТУАЛЬНЫЕ ВОПРОСЫ МЕЖБЮДЖЕТНОГО ВЫРАВНИВАНИЯ

The author touched upon topical issues of inter-budget alignment, budget provision of regions with financial resources, focusing on factors that directly affect the stability of the budget system, as well as highlighting problems in the budget sphere that require urgent attention from the authorities. It is concluded that the level of interregional differentiation continues to increase, and the modern mechanism of budget equalization requires urgent amendments and adjustments. It is emphasized that the main goals of socio-economic development of the Russian Federation related to the transition to an innovative type of development, changes in the structure of the national economy, set out in strategic documents and messages of the President of the Russian Federation and declared since 2009, are not being implemented, and the effectiveness of state economic policy and Federal budget expenditures for its implementation remains low. This indicates the need to review the current system.

ДИВЕРСИФИКАЦИЯ КАК ФАКТОР УСТОЙЧИВОЙ ДЕЯТЕЛЬНОСТИ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ

The article discusses the main directions and mechanisms of diversification of enterprises, the use of which contributes not only to the effective development of economic entities, but also to the development of the regional economy, solving the most important social problems facing the state authorities of the constituent entities of the Federation. Highly productive mechanisms for the diversification of enterprises will make it possible not only to become an effective tool for ensuring the progressive economic development of the constituent entities of the Federation, but also to facilitate the transition of the country's economy to an innovative type of development.

Інноваційні фактори забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору

Статтю присвячено визначенню інноваційних факторів забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору у напрямку формування ефективної державної політки й обґрунтуванню відповідних стратегічних імперативів розвитку галузі.
 Метою статті є дослідження науково-прикладних засад оцінки факторів формування державної політики інноваційного розвитку аграрного сектору як напрямку забезпечення його економічної безпеки та підтримки конкурентоспроможності.
 Наукова новизна. Запропонована класифікація інноваційних факторів, що впливають на формування державної політики забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору: науково-освітній потенціал; впровадження інноваційних розробок; інноваційна зовнішньоекономічна спеціалізація держави; розвиток мережевих технологій; поширення серед населення та доступність сучасних інформаційних технологій. Побудована імітаційна модель забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору економіки, яка дозволяє дослідити вплив окремих напрямів розвитку інтелектуального та інноваційного потенціалу, визначити заходи активізації інноваційно-інвестиційної діяльності суб’єктів аграрного сектору для забезпечення їх економічної безпеки.
 Висновки. Встановлено, що на сучасному етапі соціально-економічних трансформацій в країні результати наукової, науково-технічної та інноваційної діяльності є вирішальними факторами, що визначають перехід до інноваційного типу розвитку аграрного сектору, забезпечують її високу ефективність та економічну безпеку у ринковому середовищі. Систематизовано інноваційні фактори забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору та показники їх оцінки (Науково-освітній потенціал. Впровадження інноваційних розробок. Інноваційна зовнішньоекономічна спеціалізація держави. Розвиток мережевих технологій. Поширення серед населення та доступність сучасних інформаційних технологій).
 Для ефективної інноваційно-інвестиційної політики держави у сфері розвитку аграрного сектору та забезпечення його економічної безпеки важливим елементом є створення інноваційної та інвестиційної спроможності галузі, яка забезпечує їх конкурентоспроможність. Незважаючи на невідворотність процесів посилення залежності успіхів агровиробників від інноваційності агробізнесу, на практиці у вітчизняному агропромисловому секторі темпи продукування і впровадження інновацій залишаються низькими.
 Запропоновано визначати забезпечення економічної безпеки аграрного сектору через результативний показник інноваційного розвитку – валову додану вартість. Пропонується використання методу імітаційного моделювання, зокрема на основі концепції системної динаміки, для виявлення сценаріїв інноваційного розвитку аграрного сектору з метою забезпечення його економічної безпеки та підвищення конкурентоспроможності. Імітаційна модель побудована у відповідності до встановлених зав’язків між факторами інноваційної спроможності в аграрному секторі, які забезпечують його економічну безпеку. Усі цикли в моделі є контурами додаткового зворотного зв’язку, що має призводити до поширення позитивних тенденцій у моделі. Динаміка складових імітаційної моделі визначається побудованими економетричними моделями взаємозв’язків між показниками інтелектуального та інноваційного потенціалу й результатами діяльності.

PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN BUSINESS: APPLICATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERACTION WITH FUNCTIONAL AND PROCESSING APPROACHES

In the process of economical shifting to an innovative type of development, implementation of investment and innovation projects, a considerable attention is paid to project management. Project management, like change management, is a well-developed field of management theory. Project management implies the application of certain approaches, the most common are functional and process approaches. The purpose of the article is to consider the application of project management in the context of interaction with functional and process approaches. Critical analysis of scientific views on functional and process management is carried out. It is proved that, in spite of all the advantages of the process approach, it is the functional specialization that provides the least costly execution of individual operations within the business process of the project. The result of both functional and process approaches is the simultaneous design of the organizational structure (functional areas) and the order of interaction within this structure (processes). The interaction and combination of functional and process approaches from the point of view of project management are highlighted. Due to this, a comparative analysis has been made on the criteria: orientation approaches, the interaction of structural units, the principle of constructing the organizational structure, the object of management, the concentration of management, the efficiency of the units, the information exchange, the speed of the adoption of managerial decisions. It is emphasized that in project management considerable attention is paid to effective coordination of work of separate units and strengthening of constructive interaction between functional units involved in the project. Thus, it has been proved that the synergy between functional, process and project approaches ensure manageability, efficiency in decision-making and increasing the efficiency of business processes.