Initial Concentrations Of Components Research Articles

Large Eddy Simulations of n-heptane and n-dodecane binary blends in swirling multi-component spray flames

Well-understanding and mastering Sustainable Aviation Fuels (SAF) mixture composition as well as the potential of their initial component concentrations’ impact on flames is clearly of critical importance in today’s effort and energy transition. In this study, the focus lies on conducting Large Eddy Simulations (LES) to comprehend the impact of species concentration changes in well-controlled multi-component fuel blends on flame structures. The SICCA-spray rig from the EM2C laboratory operated with three blends of n-dodecane and n-heptane in varying proportions, is specifically addressed and investigated in light of the available data. To conduct these simulations, the dynamically thickened flame model and an evaporation multi-component sub-model are coupled with a reduced chemistry mechanism for n-heptane and n-dodecane binary blends. Across all investigated blends, the simulated swirling spray flame predictions align well with the experimental measurements confirming the suitability of the proposed modeling. For this configuration, the alterations in species concentration do not appear to significantly impact the overall flame structures and characteristics when observed from an average perspective. However, localized differences are identified, revealing notable composition effects. The simulation outcomes indicate that the early consumption of n-heptane contributes to stabilizing the flame, whereas the vaporization of n-dodecane is the primary factor responsible for combustion occurring further downstream. These effects are closely tied to the evaporation properties of each fuel compound and their concentration proportions within the blend, as expected. This insight highlights the intricate relationship between fuel properties, their concentrations within blends, and the resulting combustion behavior, shedding light on the complexities of multi-component fuel combustion characteristics.

Conservatively perturbed equilibrium phenomenon in multi-route catalytic systems

Increasing the intensity of a complex catalytic reaction is an obvious task of chemical technology, and one of the important problems is obtaining the over-equilibrium kinetic characteristics (rate, concentration, yield, selectivity) in the transient non-steady-state regime. 
 As known, for a closed system or an open system of infinite length, the chemical equilibrium is the final state of the chemical reaction, simple or complex.
 The fundamental properties of the equilibrium composition are its uniqueness and stability. For the closed chemical system, it means that at fixed amounts of chemical elements and at the given temperature, the system reaches the same chemical composition starting from any initial state, and the equilibrium chemical composition is unique and stable. 
 The calculation of the equilibrium composition has become the basis for solving many problems of chemical and biochemical engineering. Such calculations are made based on a list of reactions with known equilibrium constants, or using a list of components with known chemical potentials and minimizing the Gibbs energy of chemical system. In this phenomenon, some initial concentrations of components are replaced by corresponding equilibrium concentrations. The temperature of the system and the total amount of any given chemical element in the system are assumed to be constant.
 In this paper, the phenomenon of conservatively perturbed-equilibrium (CPE) in multi-route complex catalytic reactions was studied.
 The computational phenomenon of the CPE is carried out as follows:
 
 The values of equilibrium concentrations of all components are determined.
 Some components are selected so that their initial concentrations differ from the equilibrium concentrations.
 At least one component is selected so that its initial concentration is equal to the equilibrium value.
 Perturbations referred above (see item 2) shall comply with all conservation laws of chemical elements which are applicable to this reaction system.
 The evolution of all concentrations is observed when they tend to the final chemical equilibrium. 
 
 The following multi-route catalytic mechanisms have been studied: 
 
 the two-route mechanism with the single common intermediate;
 the multi-route mechanisms with common steps.
 
 The kinetic model of plug-flow reactor (PFR) was chosen. The phenomenon of CPE was demonstrated for all indicated mechanisms. At given rate constants, the mechanism with a single common intermediate exhibited a CPE‑effect which is more pronounced than for the mechanism with common steps. In comparing the kinetic characteristics of non-catalytic and catalytic reactions, a special computer experiment shows that the absolute values of extreme concentrations at the CPE-point are almost the same. It was assumed that non-catalytic and catalytic reaction have the same the overall reaction with same equilibrium constants.
 This fact makes it possible to estimate the CPE value of the concentrations of complex catalytic reactions based on similar characteristics of the corresponding simple reactions.

Synthesis, structure and luminescent properties of co-precipitated europium and aluminum hydroxides

The big relevance is acquired by issues of development of methods of receiving phosphors, and studying influence on their spectral characteristics of features of structure. Red phosphors which part compounds of europium are of particular interest. Ions of europium have such properties as rather big difference of energy between its resonant and the main levels, providing radiation in the visible range; not degeneracy of these levels; the most important transitions are poorly subject to effect of the crystal field; a good possibility of the theoretical description of the processes happening in the materials containing europium ions. Ranges of a luminescence of the system received by continuous joint sedimentation of hydroxides (CDH) of europium and aluminum at a stage of crystallization of amorphous products are measured. The complex research of the CDH system is conducted by methods of the physicochemical analysis: differential and thermal, IK-spectroscopic, X-ray phase, X-ray fluorescent, power dispersive. The dependence of intensity of a luminescence of a system, from synthesis conditions is analyzed: concentration of initial components, structures of firm phases, temperatures, time (after a year of aging).

Numerical research of characteristic mixing times of isothermal three-component steam-gas systems

Multicomponent diffusion in gases is characterized by a number of effects that are not observed in binary diffusion. Analysis of existing works shows that convective instability may occur in some systems with significantly different diffusion coefficients with certain geometric and thermophysical characteristics. Stability analysis allows determining the spectrum of parameters at which a transition from a diffusive state to a convective is possible. However, this approach does not allow the researchers to investigate the dynamics of the process. Therefore, this work aims to describe emergence and evolution of convective flows in threecomponent systems and assess the influence of the initial composition on the occurrence of concentration gravitational convection. The main part of the work presents a mathematical model describing the occurrence of convective flows based on the splitting scheme according to physical parameters. Numerical data on the concentration fields of the gas with the highest molecular weight at various time points is obtained. It is established that curvature of the isoconcentration lines of the diffusing components can be associated with instability of the mechanical equilibrium of the system. Degree of curvature is determined by the initial concentration of components of the mixture. The obtained data can be used to determine the main characteristics of mass transfer used in calculations related to combined heat and mass transfer in a wide range of thermophysical parameters.

Numerical research of characteristic mixing times of isothermal three-component steam-gas systems

Multicomponent diffusion in gases is characterized by a number of effects that are not observed in binary diffusion. Analysis of existing works shows that convective instability may occur in some systems with significantly different diffusion coefficients with certain geometric and thermophysical characteristics. Stability analysis allows determining the spectrum of parameters at which a transition from a diffusive state to a convective is possible. However, this approach does not allow the researchers to investigate the dynamics of the process. Therefore, this work aims to describe emergence and evolution of convective flows in threecomponent systems and assess the influence of the initial composition on the occurrence of concentration gravitational convection. The main part of the work presents a mathematical model describing the occurrence of convective flows based on the splitting scheme according to physical parameters. Numerical data on the concentration fields of the gas with the highest molecular weight at various time points is obtained. It is established that curvature of the isoconcentration lines of the diffusing components can be associated with instability of the mechanical equilibrium of the system. Degree of curvature is determined by the initial concentration of components of the mixture. The obtained data can be used to determine the main characteristics of mass transfer used in calculations related to combined heat and mass transfer in a wide range of thermophysical parameters.

Carbon monoxide and hydrogen reduction of metals from the B2O3 – CaO – FeO – PbО melts: thermodynamic modelling

A thermodynamic modelling procedure has been developed that enables to predict the results of metal reduction from oxide melt in bubbling units by building an almost-true-to-real-process model. The procedure involves determining an equilibrium for each introduced portion of gas while taking the concentrations of target metal oxides in every modelling cycle from the previous data. The resultant metal phases and gases are excluded from the following calculations. This approach helps make the models most true to real processes and analyze how complete the reactions are that take place in pyrometallurgical units. The authors use the above procedure to describe the processes of combined iron and lead reduction from the B2O3 – CaO – FeO – PbO melt by carbon monoxide and hydrogen. This paper includes a comparative analysis of how the temperature T and the amount of V СО or VН2 gas introduced can impact the reduction of lead and iron from an oxide melt. The B2O3/CaO ratio taken for the modelling purposes is equal to 3, which corresponds to eutectic composition. The initial concentration of components, wt. %: 58.5 В2О3; 19.5 СаО; 20.0 FeO; 2 PbО; the temperature range: 1273–1773 К. The calculations were carried out based on the disproportionation of FeO into Fe and Fe3O4. The interaction of FeO and Fe with PbO ensures a partial transition of lead in metallic state. Depending on the temperature, the degree of lead metallization can vary from 76.8 (at 1,273 К) to 19.4 % (at 1,773 К). As the temperature rises, the concentration of FeO and PbO in the melt tends to increase whereas that of Fe3O4 tends to decrease. The authors analyzed how the concentration of lead and iron oxides in the melt and their reduction degree changed depending on the amount of reducing agent introduced. In the case of lead and iron reduction, no difference in the resulting products was found when using hydrogen versus carbon monoxide as the reducing agent. At the same time, hydrogen reduction results in a more complete reaction compared with carbon monoxide reduction. Thus, a smaller amount of gas is required to achieve a close-to-100% reduction of lead: СО — 10÷13 dm3/kg, Н2 — 5.8÷10.1 dm3/kg. Higher temperatures lead to the transition of some of the lead in gas phase. The obtained data indicate that one should account for the disproportionation of FeO into Fe3O4 and Fe when analyzing the interaction between the reducing agent (carbon monoxide or hydrogen) and the B2O3 – CaO – FeO – PbО oxide melt in the bubbled layer, which is associated with the changing composition of the melt.The work was conducted according to the State assignment of the Institute of Metallurgy of the RAS Ural branch (State registration of the theme No. 122020100404-2).

Electrodeposition of Bi-Se thin films involving ethylene glycol based electrolytes

The work is devoted to the electrochemical deposition of Bi-Se thin films from ethylene glycol-based electrolytes. The studies have been carried out by potentiodynamic and galvanostatic methods under various conditions, using Pt and Ni electrodes. By recording cyclic and linear polarization curves, the potential range of deposition of thin Bi-Se films on Pt (-0.75 to -1.2 V) and Ni (0.2 to -0.85 V) electrodes was determined. A comparison of the polarization curves of two electrodes showed that co-electrodeposition of Bi and Se occurs in approximately the same potential range. In order to find the optimal mode and composition of the electrolyte, the effect of various factors (concentration of initial components, temperature, etc.) on the process of co-electrodeposition of Bi with Se was studied. In addition, the samples of Bi-Se thin films obtained on Ni electrodes using the galvanostatic method were studied by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray phase analysis. The results of X-ray phase analysis confirmed the formation of thin Bi2Se3 films with and without additional heat treatment step. Elemental analysis of obtained films carried out by EDS shows that films contained 62.79 wt. % Bi and 37.21 wt. % Se.

ELECTROCHEMICAL SYNTHESIS OF IRON MONOSELENIDE THIN FILMS

In the presented research work, the kinetics and mechanism of the deposition process of thin iron, selenium and Fe-Se films have been studied by recording a cyclic and linear polarization curves by potentiodynamic method using Pt and Ni electrodes. Individual and co-deposition potential areas of the components of the electrolyte on the Pt electrode were determined. In order to determine the optimal electrolysis mode and electrolyte composition, the effect of various factors (concentration of initial components, temperature, etc.) on the co-electrodeposition process of Fe-Se was studied. In addition, Fe-Se samples deposited on the surface of Ni electrodes were thermally treated at 4500C and studied by SEM and X-ray phase analysis methods. Elemental analysis of the films shows that they contain 42.2% Fe and 57.8% Se.

Study of electrochemical deposition of Ni-Mo thin films from alkaline electrolytes

The process of co-deposition of Ni with Mo from alkaline electrolytes was studied by taking linear and cyclic polarization curves of Pt electrode at various concentrations of initial components and potential scan rates. Solutions of Na2MoO4∙2H2O and NiSO4∙7H2O were used as sources of ions of the main components in NH4OH electrolyte. It was found that co-deposition of nickel with molybdenum goes through the oxide formation stage, and a solid solution of these two metals is deposited on the cathode surface. The film obtained at constant current on Ni electrode under optimal conditions was found amorphous, but additional thermal treatment at 500 °C for one hour made it polycrystalline. This was confirmed by peaks in X-ray diffraction patterns, corresponding to NiMoO4, Ni, and MoO3. The proposed electrolyte and electrolysis conditions allow to obtain thin films with molybdenum content ranging from 17.1 to 50.9 at.%. The co-deposition of Ni with Mo is limited by diffusion of these ions to the cathode surface. The knowledge of the mechanism of co-deposition of Ni and Mo will make possible a selection of optimal conditions for deposition of alloys of the required composition with satisfactory electrocatalytic properties.

ВПЛИВ МЕТОДІВ ОТРИМАННЯ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ КОМПОЗИЦІЙ НА ОСНОВІ ТЕРМОСТІЙКИХ ПОЛІМЕРІВ НА ЯКІСТЬ СУМІЩЕННЯ ЇХ ВИХІДНИХ КОМПОНЕНТІВ

Investigation influence of methods obtaining polymer compositions based on thermostable polymers (aromatic polyamide, fluoropolymer and phenoplast) and dispersed silica on quality of their compound. It had been investigated quality of compound of initial components of polymer compositions based on thermostable polymers according to methods of obtaining it. This parameter had been estimate by uniform distributions of fillers in polymer compositions with help thermal method and microscopy. Investigation data’s had been process with help of methods of mathematical statistics. They are represented in the form of graphical and mathematical dependencies. It had been founded optimal time of mixing initial components of polymer compositions made by mechanical methods of compounding. It had been established that mixing time depend on concentration of dispersed filler in polymers. Based of result of investigations had been obtained mathematical dependences, that describe influence of concentration of initial components in polymer compositions on their mixing time. It had been founded quality of distribution of initial component of compositions made by physicochemical (in situ) method. It had been established influence of concentration of initial components in polymer compositions on quality of their distribution. It had been established regularity of dependence of methods of obtaining polymer composition based on thermostable polymers on quality of compound their initial components. It had been founded optimal technological parameters of compound the initial components of thermostable polymer compositions. And it had been founded optimal methods of their obtaining.

Simulation of the multi-component gas transfer through porous adsorbent in the model of competing adsorption

In the framework of the competing adsorption model in the limit of strong adsorption a model of mass transfer of two-component gas through an absorbing porous body was developed. The model includes a system of two related equations. The first integral of the system is found, by which the problem is converted to a self-similar form. Two criteria relations defining the type of problem solution are established. The first of them includes the ratio of the threshold adsorption concentrations. At values of this parameter greater than 100 or less than 0.01, a pronounced displacement of one of the gas components inward the adsorbent is observed. The second parameter is proportional to the ratio of the initial concentrations of components and affects the mass of gas components absorbed by the adsorbent. Self-similar expressions are obtained for the distribution of the absorbed mass and the total absorbed mass of the gas components. For the air-titanium system, barothermal relationships of the depth of gas penetration into the adsorbent and the absorbed mass of components are calculated. It was found that for nitrogen-oxygen air mixture, the masses of absorbed nitrogen and oxygen by porous titanium practically coincide.

Mathematical Modeling of Mutually Influencing Elements by the Fundamental Parameter Method for X-Ray Fluorescence Analysis of High-Entropy AlCrFeCoNiCu Alloy

A mathematical model and a software program (FLUOR81) were developed to implement the fundamental parameter method for X-ray fluorescence analysis of new alloy types. The model takes into account the X-ray tube excitation by polychromatic radiation and the secondary excitation of some elements by others. The program was tested using state standard samples of steels and alloys with nickel and cobalt matrices to show that the intensity of characteristic lines could be calibrated using pure elements in the absence of standard samples. In this case, the relative measurement error was no more than 3–4%. This approach was employed for mathematical modeling of the mutual influence of elements in the AlCrFeCoNiCu high-entropy alloy (HEA). The stoichiometric coefficients in the AlCrxFeCoxNixCu alloy were varied (x = 0.5, 1, 2) to find that the relative deviations of initial concentrations of components (ignoring their mutual influence) from the stoichiometric values were within ±50% and slightly changed with concentration. These patterns can be used for semiquantitative estimates of the HEA compositions for which no standard samples are available. To obtain results with a relative error of 3–4%, calculations with the software developed are needed.

Effects of temperature and concentrations of initial components on the fabrication of liquid mixtures N2O3–N2O4

Effects of temperature and concentrations of initial components on the fabrication of liquid mixtures N2O3–N2O4

Nanofiltration separation of succinic acid from post-fermentation broth: Impact of process conditions and fouling analysis

In this study a pilot-scale setup was used in the nanofiltration (NF) process for recovery of succinic acid from model solutions and the actual post-fermentation broth left after the bioconversion of glycerol. The effects of composition and pH of feed solutions, initial concentration of components and the magnitude of applied transmembrane pressure (TMP) on the separation efficiency, the value of the permeate flux and retention ratio of individual components present in the feed solutions, were investigated. In order to estimate the mechanism of membrane layer fouling formation, the experimental data obtained were compared to the Hermia model.

Features of Multicomponent Mass Transfer in Gas Mixtures Containing Hydrocarbon Components

AbstractThe features characterizing the transition from a diffusion process to the concentration gravitational convection in multicomponent gas mixtures containing hydrocarbon components are analyzed. It is demonstrated that this transition is possible due to the difference in interdiffusion coefficients of components, initial concentration of components, and the pressure of the experiment. A mathematical model for describing the transition from the diffusion process to the concentration gravitational convection in multicomponent gas mixtures is considered. The key feature indicating the transfer from the diffusion regime to the convective one is the curvature of an isoline of the heavy component of the gas mixture.

MODELING RADIATION-INDUCED SEGREGATION IN BINARY ALLOYS

A computer code to calculate the time and space dependencies of the defect and component concentrations of a binary alloy is developed. This code is based on the theoretical model for radiation-induced segregation governed by first and second Fick’s laws with taking into account inverse Kirkendall effect. The system of three coupled partial differential equations for concentrations of one of components and point defects is converted to the system of ordinary differential equations in time by a discretization procedure. Numerical solutions of this system are obtained under appropriate initial and boundary conditions by means of the MATLAB. The modeling of radiation-induced segregation in binary Fe-Cr alloys is carried out for various initial concentrations of components, temperatures, dose rates and doses. The process of achievement of steady state at dose rising is demonstrated. The calculated concentration profiles are compared with experimental profiles published in literature. The sensitivity of model to input parameters is done and the capabilities of proposed model are estimated. This computer code for multicomponent alloys is developed.

A novel heterogeneous system for sulfate radical generation through sulfite activation on a CoFe2O4 nanocatalyst surface

Heterogeneous catalytic activation is important for potential application of new sulfate-radical-based advanced oxidation process using sulfite as source of sulfate radical. We report herein a heterogeneous system for sulfite activation by CoFe2O4 nanocatalyst for metoprolol removal. Factors that influence metoprolol removal were investigated, including pH and initial concentrations of components. The CoFe2O4 nanocatalyst was characterized by X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and the catalytic stability was tested by consecutive runs. Radicals generated in the CoFe2O4S(IV)O2 system were identified through radical quenching experiments and by electron spin resonance (ESR). The catalytic mechanism was elucidated further by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The catalytic process was dependent on initial pH, and more than 80% of the metoprolol can be removed at pH 10.0 following the Langmubir-Hinshelwood equation. The generation of Co-OH complexes on the CoFe2O4 surface was crucial for sulfite activation. SO4− was verified to be the main oxidative species responsible for metoprolol degradation. Other organic pollutants, such as sulfanilamide, sulfasalazine, 2-nitroaniline, sulfapyridine, aniline, azo dye X-3B and 4-chloroaniline, could also be removed in this CoFe2O4S(IV)O2 system. The results suggest that the CoFe2O4S(IV)O2 system has good application prospects in alkaline organic wastewater treatment.

Synthesis of Organic Molecules, R Ribose and S Amino Acids by Adsorption on Carbon at The Birth of Life on The Earth

Reasons for appearance of optically active organic molecules in nature have not been ascertained up to the present, but clarification of conditions on the Earth during the period of their appearance can contribute to this. H2 and gases, containing H2, were oxidized by CO2 with allocation of carbon and H2O or CH2O and СНO(OН) in volcanic gas and in the early atmosphere. During adsorption on carbon CH2O dissolved in water could be the synthesis only of R (rectus, Latin) ribose, and with NH3 and СНO(OН) synthesis of glycine and only of S (sinister) serine, and on its bases of other S amino acids. Adsorption on the carbon ensured in complex: concentration of initial components, hydrophobic-hydrophilic properties, optical purity, protection from hydration, decay and racemization. It is shown the possibility of the early Archean reactions: dehydration of phosphoric acid, of phosphoester bonds connection formation in nucleotides, with CH2O fatty acids and nitrogenous bases.

Encapsulation and retention of chelated-copper inside hydrophobic nanoparticles: Liquid cored nanoparticles show better retention than a solid core formulation

MotivationIn the field of imaging, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET imaging allows evaluation of glucose metabolism and is the most widely used imaging agent clinically for metastatic cancer. While it can certainly detect the metastatic disease, in order to provide a more fully “individualized medicine” strategy of detection and pharmaceutical treatment, what is needed are additional imaging nanoparticles that resemble the subsequently-administered nanoparticle drug delivery system itself. Both of these nanoparticles must also be able to take advantage of what may well be a limited EPR effect in human tumors, which in and of itself still needs to be characterized in the clinic. Administration of FDG, followed by a nanoparticle imaging agent, followed by a therapeutic nanoparticle would constitute such an “individualized medicine strategy”, especially for anti-metastasis approaches. It is here that our endogenous-inspired nanoparticle strategies for imaging and therapeutics are focused on encapsulating and retaining imaging ions such as copper inside novel hydrophobic nanoparticles. In this paper, we describe a new approach to label the core of hydrophobic nanoparticles composed of Glyceryl Trioleate (Triolein) with copper using the hydrophobic chelator Octaethyl porphyrin (OEP). Research plan and methodsThe research plan for this study was to (1) Formulate nanoparticles and control nanoparticle size using a modification of the solvent injection technique, named fast ethanol injection; (2) Chelate copper into the octaethyl porphyrin; (3) Encapsulate OEP-Cu in nanoparticles: the encapsulation efficiency of copper into liquid nanoparticles (LNP), solid nanoparticles (SNP) and phospholipid liposomes (PL) was evaluated by UV–Vis and atomic absorption spectroscopy; (4) Retain the encapsulated OEP-Cu in the liquid or solid cores of the nanoparticles in the presence of a lipid sink. Results(1) The size of the nanoparticles was found to be strongly dependent on the Reynolds number and the initial concentration of components for the fast injection technique. At high Reynolds number (2181), a minimum value for the particle diameter of ∼30nm was measured. (2) Copper was chelated by OEP in a 1:1mol ratio with an association constant of 2.57×105M−1. (3) The diameter of the nanoparticles was not significantly affected by the presence of OEP or OEP-Cu. The percentage of encapsulation of copper to nanoparticles was >95% at low OEP-Cu concentrations. In the absence of OEP, copper was not detected in nanoparticles demonstrating the role of the hydrophobic chelator OEP in the encapsulation of the otherwise water-soluble copper inside lipid nanoparticles. (4) The in vitro retention upon incubation at 37°C over a 48h period in the presence of a lipid sink showed a slow transfer of OEP-Cu into the lipid sink (t1/2=7.7h) for SNP; for PL there was an almost instantaneous transfer of OEP-Cu into the lipid sink (t1/2=0.5h), while for the LNP, all OEP-Cu was retained in the LNP over the full 48h period. ConclusionsThe main conclusion of this study was that a very hydrophilic ion such as Cu2+ can indeed be solubilized and retained in the core of hydrophobic nanoparticles when a hydrophobic molecule (OEP) is used as a chelator. The fast-injection technique was shown to provide a very convenient method to formulate both liquid and solid nanoparticles labeled with Cu (well chelated by OEP), with diameters as small as 30nm, and encapsulation efficiencies higher than 95% when the concentration of OEP-Cu loaded into the nanoparticles was equal to or below 2.5mol%. This is expected to be sufficient for PET-imaging studies.

Получение стержневых структур карбида кремния капельным и автоклавным методами

Preparation of silicon carbide by traditional methods involves considerable energy and economic costs, so the search for alternative technologies of the synthesis is of the great interest. Carbon nanomaterials are actively investigated as a carbon source to reduce the temperature of synthesis. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the morphology, elemental composition and crystal structure of structures obtained from colloidal solutions of short (l ~ 500 nm) carbon nanotubes and nano-sized (~ 7 nm) amorphous silicon dioxide by drying droplet and autoclave methods. The formation of rod-like structures was revealed at certain critical concentrations of initial components. It was found that the dynamic conditions of the drying droplets determine a synthesis of rod-like structures at room temperature at 2-3 times larger than at the autoclave at a temperature of about 180 °C. The elemental analysis of samples showed a high percentage of carbon and silicon atoms. The presence of the polytype 4-H SiC phase in the rod-like structures was revealed by the X-ray diffractometry. A model of the active charged center of short carbon nanotubes that provides the possibility of Si-C, Si-O-C and C-Si-O-C covalent bonds formation was offered based on numerical calculations. The drying droplet method is suitable for a quick (10-20 minutes) local synthesis of a small amount of rod-like structures with a minimum energy consumption. The autoclave allows to synthesize gram quantities for a long time (a few days). Both methods are low temperature in the comparison with the widely used in practice.