The formation of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli) mixed biofilms challenges the treatment of bacterial infections. In this study, the synergistic effect of plant essential oils cinnamaldehyde (CA) and carvacrol (CV) on inhibiting S. aureus and E. coli mixed biofilms formation was investigated. The Q value of CA and CV combination on inhibiting mixed biofilms formation was 2.28, suggesting their synergistic effect. Furthermore, CA/CV nanoemulsion was prepared, which further enhanced the inhibitory effect. CA/CV nanoemulsion could significantly inhibit the mixed biofilms formation at 64 μg/mL by reduction of bacterial adhesion and motility, polysaccharide intercellular adhesin (PIA) synthesis, and the inhibition of LuxS/AI-2 expression. In the S. aureus and E. coli infected implant model of mice, CA/CV NEs demonstrated prominent inhibitory effect on the formation of S. aureus and E. coli biofilms, and simultaneously reduced the bacterial burden.

The B-box domain and the PRY-SPRY domain of recombinant human MG53 are critical for its inhibitory effects on angiogenesis.

Antifungal, antioxidant activity, and preservation effect of caffeic acid quaternary ammonium salt-modified chitosan.

Auroranes A-G: Polyoxygenated cyclohex(a/e)ne diterpenes from Kaempferia aurora and their anti-inflammatory activity via inhibition of nitric oxide production.

Research on the ultrasonic-assisted extraction, purification, structural characterization, and anti- glycolipid metabolic disorder (anti-GLMD) activity and mechanism of polysaccharide from Dryopteridis crassirhizomatis Rhizoma.

Development of an UPLC-MS/MS method for quantification of donafenib and its metabolite in rat plasma: application to drug-drug interaction.

Three new sesquiterpenes from the secondary rhizomes of Curcuma wenyujin.

Transcription factor FOXP2 attenuates the stemness of breast cancer cells by abolishing the transcription of Twist1.

Polymers have been widely used to physically stabilize amorphous drugs by forming amorphous solid dispersions (ASDs), resulting in commercial and clinical success as a pharmaceutical technique to improve the bioavailability of a poorly water-soluble drug. However, the role of polymers in maintaining the physical stability of ASDs has not been fully understood. Herein, we investigated how poly(methyl methacrylates) (PMMAs) with different tacticities impact the liquid dynamics and crystallization kinetics of amorphous griseofulvin (GSF). PMMAs with similar chain lengths and identical monomer structures were selected, aiming to exclude effects arising from differences in monomer structure and end groups. The syndiotactic form of PMMA (s-PMMA) exhibited a stronger inhibitory effect on the crystal growth of amorphous GSF in comparison with isotactic (i-PMMA) and atactic (a-PMMA) forms. Effects of the isotactic atactic forms of PMMA on the crystal growth of GSF can be mainly attributed to their molecular mobility, as shown by the overlapping of the logarithm growth rate curves versus viscosity and α-relaxation time. However, the crystal growth rate curves of GSF in the system containing 10 wt% s-PMMA did not overlap with those of the pure GSF system. These results suggest that liquid dynamics is not a main contributor to the inhibitory effect of s-PMMA during drug crystallization.

A rapid, high-throughput assay for the detection of O-GlcNAcylation.

Milk exosomes loaded with atorvastatin suppress fibroblast activation and extracellular matrix remodeling via the TGF-β/SMAD pathway in ligamentum flavum hypertrophy.

Multi-component deep eutectic solvents pretreatment using different pKa dependent acids as hydrogen bond donors to enhance enzymatic saccharification of bamboo.

Sumatriptan, an antimigraine drug, is known to cause adverse chest symptoms such as dyspnea and chest tightness. We previously showed that sumatriptan sensitized capsaicin-sensitive lung vagal (CSLV) afferents in rats, a mechanism potentially underlying these symptoms. This sensitizing effect was abolished by intravenous GR127935, a 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist. Therefore, to develop a potential therapeutic strategy, we hypothesized that targeting GR127935 to the lungs, rather than delivering it systemically, could prevent sumatriptan-induced chest discomfort by reducing CSLV-afferent sensitization without compromising sumatriptan's antimigraine efficacy within the trigeminovascular system. Experiments were performed in anesthetized male Brown-Norway rats. CSLV-afferent excitability and afferent-mediated airway reflexes were assessed using single-fiber recordings and respiratory pattern monitoring. The antimigraine efficacy of sumatriptan was evaluated based on its inhibitory effect on dural plasma protein extravasation evoked by unilateral electrical stimulation of the trigeminal ganglion. Intravenous sumatriptan potentiated capsaicin-evoked CSLV-afferent discharges and afferent-mediated airway responses. However, pretreatment with inhaled GR127935 significantly blocked this potentiating effect. The sumatriptan's antimigraine efficacy was not affected by inhaled GR127935, but was reduced by intravenous GR127935. Consistently, intravenous, but not inhaled GR127935, altered sumatriptan-induced hypotension, indicating that pulmonary delivery minimized systemic effects. Moreover, inhaled GR127935 did not change baseline cardiorespiratory parameters or fiber activity, suggesting it is unlikely to cause adverse cardiorespiratory effects. Inhalation of a 5-HT1B/1D receptor antagonist effectively prevented sumatriptan-induced sensitization of CSLV afferents without diminishing sumatriptan's antimigraine efficacy. Our findings suggest that inhaled 5-HT1B/1D antagonists may offer a promising strategy to prevent or treat sumatriptan-induced adverse chest symptoms.

Structurally specialised metabolites with antimicrobial and enzyme inhibitory activities from Hadal Trench-derived Nigrocephalum sp. SCSIO41049.

Liquiritigenin suppresses osteoclastogenesis via multi-target mechanisms involving NF-κB/PI3K-AKT signaling pathways and metabolic reprogramming.

Lycium barbarum glycopeptide attenuates orthodontic force-induced alveolar bone loss by activating ATG4D-mediated autophagy.

Baohuoside I induces GSDME-dependent pyroptosis and synergistically inhibits lung adenocarcinoma with cisplatin.

Effects of photoaged polystyrene microplastics and nanoplastics on the extracellular aggregation and intracellular accumulation of ZnO nanoparticles to algae.

Isolation, structural re-elucidation of two active prenylated flavonoids from Morus alba L. twigs responsible for anti-inflammatory effects: an in vitro and in silico approach.

Quercetin targeted NF-κB to regulate platelet activation and prevent arterial thrombosis.