A plethora of research exists on top management support and their support behaviors. There is a rising interest in how character in leadership impacts organizations, and the teams the top management of organizations lead. While competence has been the focus of traditional leadership theory, contemporary interest in leadership character is said to impact the sustainability of an organization. This research paper presents the support behavior of top management on strategic information technology projects, specifically drawing inferences to top management’s character as leaders and their subsequent impact on project delivery teams. By conducting a literature review, this paper advances academic discourse on character and its influence on leadership and team dynamics. There is an abundance of literature on research into information technology projects. However, the research on top management support behaviors and furthermore character in leadership is limited in this discipline. This paper also highlights the practical consequences of neglecting character in leadership, while underscoring the value of cultivating character in leaders. To research this phenomenon, the researcher constructed in-depth semi-structured interviews with 15 participants who have experience across 12 sectors namely: Banking, Mining, Healthcare, Oil and gas, Consulting, Electrical equipment, Media, FMCG, Cybersecurity, Automotive, Aviation and Legal. Participants were directly engaged if they worked in or led delivery teams that had implemented strategic information technology projects and directly interacted with the top management related to the project. Drawing on participants’ experience and opinions and using Gioia’s framework the researcher established a data structure outlining four aggregate dimensions. The conceptual model is rebranded as the Enlightened Leader Mental Model allowing key themes to be connected. In this model, the four aggregate dimensions presented are used to leverage leadership behavior into leadership character. This builds on existing literature that focuses on top management support behavior and leadership character indicators. The researcher poses that behavior and character are so intertwined that to influence one will influence the other. Senior leaders set the tone on projects and have the power and influence to impact their delivery teams, positively or negatively. The researcher challenges human resource departments to focus on character development in organizational senior leadership structures. This paper fervently argues that character in leadership matters and that the way character is displayed, through observed behaviors, is what leaves a lasting impact on project teams.

Recent reviews of studies on the global information and communication technology (ICT) sector's current and future direct climate impact have provided general overviews and identified contradictory results regarding future impacts. So far, however, calculation approaches and strategies for future scenario construction behind these results have not been scrutinized in more detail and reasons behind contradictory results remain unclear. The aims of this study are (i) to identify reasons behind contradictory future projection results in previous studies of the global ICT sector's direct climate impact, (ii) compare these results with a recently published estimate for 2020 and (iii) to identify critical aspects and related practical challenges in these assessments. This was done via detailed reconstruction of future projection results combined with quantitative analysis of these results, focusing on model and parameter uncertainties. The results show that several of the reviewed studies apply strategies for future scenario construction that in practice do not allow decreasing emissions. Other reasons behind contradictory results are mainly due to model uncertainties, e.g. due to different scopes, but parameter uncertainties, related to e.g. number of end-user devices, are also significant. The comparison of future projections for 2020 with an estimate for the same year shows that projections tend to be significantly higher, e.g. 120-620% higher for global data center use phase emissions. The results from this study highlight the need for practical guidelines on how to conduct such studies, especially for identified critical aspects, such as limited inclusion of fast-growing and emerging digital technologies in previous studies. • Model uncertainties the main reason behind contradictory future projection results. • Future projections tend to be significantly larger than current estimates. • Several critical aspects have been identified for future assessments. • Assumptions in some studies do not allow emission decreases. • Guidelines for constructing future scenarios are needed.

DevNous: An LLM-based multi-agent system for grounding IT project management in unstructured conversation

Can you hear me? An exploratory study on the technological barriers experienced by Brazilian teleworkers.

The advancement of information and communication technology during the Industry 4.0 and Society 5.0 eras has brought significant changes to community media practices, especially in rural areas. This study examines the roles and social responsibilities of community radios CDR FM in Bantul, Yogyakarta, and RASI FM in Garut, West Java, amid the dynamics of digital media convergence. Employing a qualitative approach with a constructivist paradigm, data were collected through interviews, observations, focus group discussions, and documentation. The findings reveal that both community radios maintain their existence through active community participation, adaptation to digital technology, and management grounded in local values. Digital media convergence enables the expansion of broadcast reach from local to global levels, enhancing interaction and social mobilization. The social responsibility of community media is reflected in delivering factual information, shaping public opinion, preserving culture, and ensuring accountability to the audience. Key challenges include the regeneration of media activists and funding, which can be addressed by strengthening partnership networks and human resource capacity. This study confirms that community media play a strategic role as agents of social development in rural areas by leveraging evolving communication technologies.

Sustainable futures through green technology: The paradox of green information and communication technologies and financial inclusion on load capacity factor

Objectives. To examine telehealth use and modality choice among US older adults (≥ 65 years) and identify factors associated with adoption and modality preference in the postpandemic era. Methods. Using data from 2723 device-owning older adults in the 2024 Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS 7; nationally representative, March-September 2024), multivariable logistic and multinomial logit models examined associations between telehealth use, modality, and covariates, including socioeconomic factors, health conditions, digital literacy, and prior health information technology use. Results. Overall, 31.4% of older adults used telehealth in 2024 (video: 12.38%; phone-only: 12.41%). Higher odds of use were associated with Hispanic ethnicity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.92; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.07, 3.81), lung disease (AOR = 2.32; 95% CI = 1.22, 4.42), depression (AOR = 1.89; 95% CI = 1.01, 3.54), and frequent provider visits; lower odds were associated with nonmetropolitan adjacent residence (AOR = 0.36; 95% CI = 0.17, 0.76) and health insurance coverage (AOR = 0.13; 95% CI = 0.03, 0.62). In addition to these factors, video use was uniquely associated with higher income, ability to use apps without assistance, and prior health IT use. Nonusers most commonly cited preference for in-person care (45.7%) or not being offered telehealth (13.4%). Conclusions. Telehealth use has stabilized but remains low among US older adults, with persistent geographic and socioeconomic disparities in modality choice. Policies ensuring audio-only parity and targeted digital literacy interventions are essential to promote equitable telehealth access as telehealth becomes integrated into postpandemic care. (Am J Public Health. 2026;116(S3): S218-S228. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2026.308575).

The pursuit of nanoscale light manipulation represents a fundamental challenge in nanophotonics, where overcoming the diffraction limit is essential for developing next-generation optoelectronic devices. Polariton boundary engineering has emerged as a transformative approach that enables unprecedented control over light confinement and propagation at subwavelength scales. However, the field currently lacks a systematic framework to integrate the diverse manifestations of boundary effects across different material systems and polariton types. This comprehensive review addresses this critical gap by providing a unified perspective on how engineered interfaces-including edges, heterojunctions, and metallic structures-govern polariton behaviors such as focusing, stealth transmission, and negative refraction. The analysis encompasses seminal work on van der Waals materials (h-BN, α-MoO3) and phase-change compounds, showcasing advanced devices ranging from hyperbolic nanoresonators to reconfigurable waveguides and super-resolution lenses. By examining the synergy between boundary geometry and material properties alongside advanced nanofabrication techniques, this review not only catalogs state-of-the-art achievements but also establishes design principles for dynamic boundaries using stimuli-responsive materials and machine-learning-driven inverse design. This synthesis provides both a foundational framework for researchers and a roadmap toward developing programmable photonic circuits and multifunctional optical platforms for quantum information technology applications.

Owing to the possession of naturally formed quantum wells with strong spatial and dielectric confinements, 2D lead-halide perovskites are attracting intensive research interest in the context of potential applications in classical optoelectronic devices. Here we have synthesized a 2D (PEA)2PbI4 perovskite microplate and observed at ∼3 K that it can emit single photons from the abundant ultranarrow peaks appearing in the photoluminescence spectrum. This signifies the formation of 0D quantum emitters within the otherwise homogeneous 2D energy landscape, which can be attributed to the thickness fluctuations induced by octahedral tiltings across an inorganic sheet. These findings mark the emergence of a hybrid type of quantum emitters with both 0D and 2D confinements, thus extending the fundamental and practical studies of 2D perovskites to the prospective regime of quantum information technologies.

With the advancement of next generation information technologies, Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships (MASS) are progressively advancing. However, the dynamic uncertainties arising from multi-ship interactions in complex maritime traffic environments significantly constrain their capabilities for risk identification and adaptive switching between Mode(s) of Operation (MoO). To address this challenge, this study proposes a navigation energy field model for risk assessment that integrates multi-ship interaction features. First, maritime traffic complexity is quantified based on intrinsic ship attributes and the Potential Risk Ship Domain (PRSD) framework. Second, to address the inadequacy of conventional field theory in capturing dynamic coupling relationships between ships, a navigation energy field model is developed that incorporating multi-ship interaction characteristics, guided by quantified traffic complexity. Finally, applying the ALARP (As Low As Reasonably Practicable) principle, navigation scenarios are classified, providing a quantitative foundation to support adaptive MoO switching. The results demonstrate that the proposed method effectively reveals the risk evolutionary patterns of collective ship behaviors in multi-ship convergence and high-density traffic environments, thereby enhancing the ability of MASS to identify risks. This research provides theoretical and practical support for risk assessment and adaptive MoO management in MASS, contributing to improved navigational safety under dynamic and complex navigation situations.

Shared decision-making and professional governance have long been defining features of American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) Magnet-designated organizations, supporting high-quality outcomes, professional autonomy, and nurse engagement. Within our multi-Magnet-designated academic medical center, part of a larger academic health system, a shared governance structure had been in place for many years. However, to respond to the evolving demands of the academic medical center, the increasing complexity of health care delivery, and the need for stronger alignment between frontline practice and organizational strategy, the leadership and governance model was redesigned to fully integrate professional shared governance into the model with direct care nurses. The purpose of this article is to describe how an ANCC Magnet-designated academic medical center systematically developed, implemented, and evaluated a transition from traditional shared governance to a robust professional shared governance framework by intentionally engaging nurses at all levels of the organization. This work aimed to strengthen nurses' voice in decision-making; enhance professional accountability; and hardwire structures that align nursing practice, quality, and innovation with organizational priorities. A pre-post survey design was used to examine nurse engagement over a two-year period spanning the implementation of the professional shared governance model. Validated engagement measures were administered to nurses across the academic medical center before the redesign (2024 presurvey) and after its full implementation (2025 postsurvey). Comparative analyses were conducted to assess changes in overall engagement and in specific domains associated with professional practice, informatics, recruitment and retention, recognition, and evidence-based practice/research. A total of 248 and 286 nurses responded to the preimplementation and postimplementation surveys, respectively, and their responses were compared. Overall nurse engagement scores increased between the 2024 presurvey and the 2025 postsurvey, indicating stronger perceptions of involvement, influence, and professional support following implementation of the professional shared governance model. The largest gains were observed in domains related to maximizing the capabilities of clinical and information technology to support patients and families; recruitment, retention, and recognition activities; and engagement in evidence-based practice and research opportunities. Clinical nurses demonstrated increased engagement across all measured categories, mirroring the overall pattern of improvement and showing the most substantial gains in the same high-impact domains. Transitioning from shared governance to professional shared governance within an academic medical center is a complex, iterative, and developmental process that advances over time. Effective professional shared governance structures require intentional design, sustained leadership commitment, and active nurse participation at every level of the organization. To ensure these structures remain meaningful and high performing, they must be continuously evaluated, refined, and adapted to reflect contemporary practice, emerging priorities, and the evolving needs of nurses, patients, and the health system. By leveraging data-driven insights, incorporating innovative strategies, and maintaining a culture of shared accountability and collaboration, professional shared governance can remain agile, forward-thinking, and a powerful driver of nursing excellence and organizational outcomes.

Internet use, social adaptation and subjective well-being in Chinese older adults: a cross-lagged study.

Using 15 years of hospital survey data (2008-2023), we examined rural-urban trends in electronic health records (EHR) adoption and advanced capabilities for data sharing, public health reporting, and care improvements. We conducted a repeated cross-sectional study using the American Hospital Association Annual Survey Information Technology Supplement (2008-2018, 2020-2023). We constructed hospital-year measures of basic and comprehensive EHR capability, certified EHR technology (CEHRT) adoption, and advanced functions in patient engagement, interoperability, public health reporting, and social determinants of health (SDOH). We compared rural and urban adoption using descriptive analyses, Cochran-Armitage trend tests, and logistic regression with clustered standard errors, adjusted for bed size, ownership, and census division. The cohort included 41838 hospital-years (45% rural). Comprehensive capability rose from 2% in 2008 to 75% in 2020, and CEHRT was nearly universal by 2023. Rural hospitals lagged urban hospitals in adopting basic and comprehensive EHRs, with the gap peaking at 25% in 2016. By 2021-2023, most hospitals reported patient portals, interoperability, public health reporting, and SDOH capabilities. Rural hospitals remained 4%-15% behind urban peers in advanced functions, particularly interoperability, public health reporting, and SDOH data collection and use. Persistent rural-urban gaps in advanced EHR use may limit interoperability, data-driven care, and public health reporting in rural settings. EHR adoption is widespread, but substantial rural-urban gaps persist in advanced EHR use. Support for advanced capabilities that enable data sharing, reporting, and data-driven improvement is needed to ensure that rural hospitals and communities benefit from digital transformation beyond adoption.

South Korea has positioned hydrogen and carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) as key technological pillars of its 2050 carbon neutrality strategy. Despite sustained and ambitious policy intervention, however, empirical evidence on how policy interventions have reshaped public R&D portfolios and early industrial diffusion remains limited. This study examines hydrogen and CCUS in South Korea through a policy−R&D−industrial diffusion framework, focusing on policy sequencing and institutional design. The analysis combines qualitative content analysis with project-level R&D data from the National Science and Technology Information Service (NTIS) and interrupted time series analysis to identify policy-induced structural breaks, while industrial diffusion is assessed using deployment indicators such as hydrogen vehicles, hydrogen refueling stations, and large-scale (>100,000 tons/year) CCUS projects. The results indicate a clear divergence in policy outcomes between the two sectors. Hydrogen policy interventions rapidly shifted public R&D toward utilization and industry-oriented development stages and were accompanied by a sharp increase in public R&D expenditures, thereby accelerating deployment. By contrast, CCUS experienced fragmented R&D adjustments, continued public-sector dominance, and limited large-scale demonstration. These findings highlight that while policy-driven, mission-oriented innovation pathways can mobilize R&D and early markets, their effectiveness depends on timely legal frameworks, the institutional coherence of the policy framework, and market-supporting infrastructure. In the case of CCUS, delayed legal institutionalization has constrained the transition from public R&D accumulation to industrial-scale deployment, highlighting the need for stronger regulatory clarity, market-creation instruments, and supporting data infrastructures. • Green innovation follows a policy-driven, top-down pathway in South Korea. • Study links policy, R&D, and industry using legislative and project-level data. • Hydrogen policy synchronization accelerated market-oriented R&D and deployment. • Delayed CCUS legislation caused policy lags and fragmented R&D trajectories. • Innovation requires timely legal frameworks and supportive market environments.

Secondary use of individual-level health data for research is cost-efficient but challenging. In the PCBase Xtend project, we collected PSA values, biopsy reports, MRI results, and chemotherapy data from all 21 regions and private healthcare providers in Sweden. The process required 46 applications over a period of almost 4 years and revealed major variability in IT systems, administrative routines, and costs. The time to data delivery ranged from weeks to years. Early quality checks were essential to correct errors in the data extraction. Despite challenges, >11 million PSA values, 550 000 prostate biopsies, 170 000 MRI results, and >6 million drug administrations could be added to PCBase for use in epidemiological studies of prostate cancer. Better administrative routines, data extraction integrated in IT systems, incentives for data migration, and national support structures are needed to improve access to health data for research.

Digital literacy among village officials and the continued dominance of manual administrative processes remain obstacles to the implementation of digital-based administrative systems. This community service activity aims to enhance the digital literacy of village officials and the community of Mareje Village in supporting the digital transformation of public services. The activity was conducted in Mareje Village, Lembar District, West Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara Province, in February 2026 using a participatory approach through stages of observation, socialization, training, mentoring, and evaluation. The training materials included an introduction to village administration applications, hardware requirements, application installation, and direct practice in using village administration applications. The results of the activity showed an improvement in participants’ understanding and skills in utilizing information technology for village administration. The implementation of digital administrative applications was able to accelerate service processes, simplify document archiving, improve work efficiency, and support transparency in public services. In addition, participants demonstrated a more positive attitude toward the use of digital technology in village administration. Nevertheless, infrastructure limitations, such as the limited number of computer devices and unstable internet access, remain challenges in implementing village digital transformation. Therefore, this activity serves as a strategic step in supporting a more modern, effective, and integrated village governance system based on information technology.

mpetitiveness and trade capacity are critical determinants of sustainable growth in developing economies, particularly in an increasingly globalized and knowledge-based economic environment. While trade openness expands access to international markets, long-term competitiveness depends on a country’s ability to innovate, share knowledge, and adopt new technologies. This study empirically examines the relationship between innovation-related factors and external competitiveness, using high-technology exports as a proxy for trade capacity and competitive performance. The analysis is based on panel data from 33 developing countries over the period 2010–2021 and employs a fixed-effects regression model to assess the association between university–industry collaboration, research and development (R&D) intensity, human capital, and information and communication technology (ICT) adoption, and high-tech export performance.The findings indicate that innovation systems are closely associated with external competitiveness. University–industry collaboration shows the strongest and most robust positive association with competitiveness, followed by R&D intensity and ICT adoption. In contrast, human capital does not exhibit a statistically significant direct association, suggesting that its contribution to trade capacity may operate indirectly through innovation processes and absorptive capacity. Overall, the results highlight the importance of integrated innovation systems and institutional coordination in supporting technological export performance and facilitating participation in global trade networks. Policies supporting innovation, digitalization, and university–industry collaboration are closely associated with improvements in technological capabilities and broader socio-economic development.

The revolution in communication and information technology has ushered in a new era in media, also known as ‘new media’, where its presence is inextricably linked to computer-mediated and internet-based communication devices. One such new media technology is the emergence of the social media platform Instagram. Recently, Instagram has expanded its features to make the platform more comprehensive and enjoyable for its users. This trend has transformed social media into a new space for interaction and communication, attracting individuals and even communities to engage within it. One such community on Instagram is the Hijabografi community. This is a community that utilises graphic design as a medium to convey its message. In their Instagram posts, the Hijabografi community consistently features images of Muslim women wearing the hijab. The Hijabografi community has a specific aim in presenting this imagery. Ideas and concepts regarding Muslim women can be found in their Instagram posts. Indirectly, the Hijabografi account constructs an image of Muslim women in the digital space, where values concerning Muslim women are displayed. This study aims to uncover the signs within the posted images and to understand how Muslim women are represented on the Hijabografi Instagram account. The use of language in the form of images, words, sequences, narratives and so on, in Hijabografi’s Instagram posts, represents its perspective on Muslim women. To uncover the representation of Muslim women, Roland Barthes’s semiotics was employed; in his theory, Barthes examines meaning or symbols in language or signs, which are divided into two levels of significance—the denotative and connotative levels—as well as other aspects of signification, namely myth. From the seventeen hijab-wearing Instagram posts analysed, it was revealed that Muslim women possess piety, equality, freedom, strength, intelligence and independence, and these posts demonstrate three representations of Muslim women: firstly, the hijab as a symbol of Muslim women’s religious faith; secondly, the equality of Muslim women and Muslim men; and thirdly, the relationship between the roles of Muslim women and men. Overall, the conclusion regarding the representation of Muslim women on hijab-wearing Instagram accounts is that Muslim women are pious, noble, intelligent and active.

Human Factors (HF) methods have potential to ensure the design of health information technology (HIT) is safe and usable, but limited research has examined what HF methods have been applied or could be applied to HIT. This study aimed to identify key HF and safety analysis methods used and/or recommended by HF experts working in healthcare or non-healthcare industries that may be suitable for supporting the design, redesign and configuration of HIT. We ran semi-structured interviews with 21 HF experts working across health and non-health industries to identify key HF and safety analysis methods used and/or recommended for supporting the design, redesign and configuration of HITs. Forty-seven HF methods across 11 method categories were reported by HF experts. Non-health participants reported a wider range of Human Error Identification and Risk Assessment Methods and were the only cohort to report workload assessment methods. Both health and non-health participants described their approaches for selecting methods and recommended that methods be applied flexibly. This study highlights the need to uplift HF capability by teaching methods to system designers, particularly where access to HF experts is limited and undertaking efforts to learn from HF practice in safety-critical industries outside of healthcare. Further work is required to integrate HF methods and approaches, especially those focused on safety, into the work of HIT designers.

The rapid development of information and communication technology has driven Islamic educational institutions, including madrasah, to adopt management information systems (MIS) to support administrative governance. This article examines the concept of MIS in Islamic education, its effectiveness in improving the performance of administrative staff, the factors that determine the success or failure of MIS implementation, and the strategic role of madrasah administrative staff as the primary operators of integrated data systems such as EMIS, SIMPATIKA, and DAPODIK. This study employs a qualitative descriptive method through a literature review (library research), analyzing books, journal articles, and government regulations relevant to MIS in Islamic education. The findings show that MIS implementation significantly improves work efficiency, data accuracy, information accessibility, service quality, and managerial decision-making, while its success depends on adequate human resources, technological infrastructure, leadership commitment, continuous training, and system integration. Conversely, implementation failure is commonly caused by limited resources, resistance to change, low technological literacy, technical problems, and weak monitoring mechanisms. Empirical evidence from several madrasah-based studies confirms that the readiness and competence of administrative staff, rather than technological sophistication alone, are the key determinants of MIS success at the operational level. These findings reinforce the urgency of positioning administrative staff as the central unit of analysis in future research on Islamic education management information systems.