Information Systems Practice Research Articles

The Practice of Movable Collateral Registry Management Information System: the case of Rural Land Use Right as Collateral

The Practice of Movable Collateral Registry Management Information System: the case of Rural Land Use Right as Collateral

The Influence of Project Management Office, Education and Training, and Budget on the Implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning-Sap at PT Danareksa (Persero)

The application of information system technology in the company's business operations has the potential to have a major impact on the company's performance. In the last year, the development of information system technology has developed very rapidly by presenting various latest and cutting-edge innovations. The rapid development of information system technology encourages companies to be able to adapt to these changes, but not all types of information technology available are useful or in accordance with the needs of the company. In connection with the appointment as a Holding based on Government Regulation No. 113 of 2021. The company needs a reliable, practical and good information system to support overall operational transaction activities and also as a holding company and the desire to achieve a well-integrated and automated system. The phenomena that occur include: The implementation of Enterprise Resource Planning ("ERP") has not been maximized in carrying out the company's operational transactions and financial consolidation with holding members, The research approach used in this study is a quantitative approach. The results of hypothesis testing in this study are the first hypothesis to be accepted in this study. Based on the results of data processing, the t-statistical value of 3.194 is greater than the t-table of 1.96. The p-value of 0.001 is less than the alpha value of 0.05. That is, the first hypothesis shows that the Project Management Office (H1) has a positive effect, and Education and Training (H2) has no effect. It can be said that the Project Management Office has an effect on the implementation of ERP-SAP. The second hypothesis in this study, according to the findings of the study, the second hypothesis states that education and training on ERP- SAP implementation have a P-Value of 0.481 > 0.0. It can be concluded that Education and Training have no effect on ERP-SAP Implementation. ERP-SAP while the Budget has a positive effect on the implementation of ERP-SAP because it has an estimated value of 0.493. The Effect of Budget on ERP-SAP Implementation is significant because it has a p-value of 0.000 < 0.05. It can be concluded that the Budget has a positive effect on the implementation of ERP-SAP.

A critical realist approach to agent-based modeling: Unlocking prediction in non-positivist paradigms

Information systems (IS) scholarship and practice aim to predict phenomena and outcomes of IS use. These phenomena of IS use are typically set in multi-leveled, dynamic, and complex contexts that lend explanation to the non-positivist tradition in IS research. However, limited methodological options exist to make predictions. In this research, we propose stratified agent-based modeling, a step-by-step approach that enables prediction in non-positivist paradigms. Drawing upon the critical realist philosophy of science, which suggests ontological stratification and assumes open systems, we adopt a retroduction-based explanation formation and agent-based modeling to simulate different potential states of a complex system. The critical step in combining critical realism with agent-based modeling involves identifying and codifying the underlying generative mechanisms (i.e., causal powers) into various components of the agent-based model. We propose four steps toward prediction under the critical realist paradigm: (1) capturing the phenomenon, (2) identifying the generative mechanism, (3) building the agent-based model, and (4) simulating states of the system. We present an exemplar of our proposed approach that investigates the effectiveness of strategies to combat malicious content propagation in social networks.

Development of an Industrial Practical Training Information and Management System

Development of an Industrial Practical Training Information and Management System

A GIS-Based emergency response and management support framework for Earthquake crisis: A case study of Antakya and Kahramanmaras earthquake in Turkey

Earthquakes can cause significant damage, including loss of lives, collapsed buildings, and blocked roads. However, the severity and frequency of earthquakes cannot be accurately predicted. To mitigate these effects, successful disaster management, particularly in improving post-earthquake road network connectivity, is crucial. Therefore, this study presents a novel satellite imagery-based approach for identifying post-earthquake road blockage and to assess its impact on urban infrastructure and emergency response management. This study utilised real-world pre- and post-earthquake satellite images of the earthquake that struck Turkey on February 6, 2023 using ArcGIS Pro. The results demonstrated that in the scenario when people in affected areas (incidents) tried to escape to emergency gathering zones, out of the initial 126 incident locations in Antakya, 101 of them experienced alterations in the selected routes after the earthquake. In Kahramanmaras, out of 35 incidents, 28 experienced changes in the selected routes. In the case of emergency vehicles (firefighting, medical aid, etc.) traveling to affected areas, some emergency vehicles were assigned a great number of incidents, whereas some vehicles had no incidents assigned to them. The findings of this study suggest that the developed framework can identify road blockage and inefficiencies in an emergency response framework with high accuracy. Therefore, the approach presented in this paper can be implemented to develop a practical geographic information system (GIS) based model to enhance the emergency response management for potential future earthquakes. Thereby, this study can facilitate the level of resilience of urban environments to withstand and adapt to future crises.

Operationalizing responsible AI principles through responsible AI capabilities

AbstractResponsible artificial intelligence (RAI) has emerged in response to growing concerns about the impact of AI. While high-level principles have been provided, operationalizing these principles poses challenges. This study, grounded in recent RAI literature in organizational contexts and dynamic capability theory, and informed by literature on RAI principles and expert interviews in organizations deploying AI systems, (1) problematizes the high-level principles and low-level requirements and underscores the need for mid-level norms by adopting dynamic capability as a theoretical lens, and (2) develops five themes to capture firms’ RAI capability, including (i) understandable AI model, (ii) bias remediation, (iii) responsiveness, (iv) harmless, and vi) common good. As our contribution to the field of information systems (IS), this study extends the emerging literature on operationalizing RAI and dynamic capabilities, empirically elucidating the capabilities needed by firms. For IS practice, we provide organizations deploying AI with novel insights to aid in the responsible implementation of AI.

Deconstructing Technostress: A Configurational Approach to Explaining Job Burnout and Job Performance

Understanding how technostressors lead to technostrain, such as high job burnout or low job performance, has become a core question in information systems (IS) research and practice. To unpack this relationship, we build on general systems theory to argue that the next step for technostress research is to go beyond examining the independent influences of technostressors and discuss how their interdependencies lead to technostrain. To illustrate our argument empirically, we use fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and identify four configurations of high- and low-intensity technostressors that lead to high job burnout and one that leads to low job performance. We show that three types of interdependencies among technostressors, i.e., complementarity, contingency, and substitution, form configurations that lead to technostrain. Within these configurations, high-intensity technostressors can mutually enhance their effects and low-intensity technostressors can buffer the impact of other high-intensity technostressors on technostrain. The results help to explain why organizational interventions that address independent technostressors may fail if they do not account for the interdependencies among technostressors. Our work provides evidence of the need to further develop theories that explain how and why interdependencies among technostressors lead to technostrain.

UTILIZING WHATSAPP API FOR SCHOOL PAYMENT SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION WITH CODEIGNITER

SDIT NIDAUL HIKMAH SALATIGA is a private school with more than 600 students. Despite the large number of students, administrative services are still manually performed, including writing and compiling payment receipts in Microsoft Excel, manual data retrieval, and printing invoices from Excel. This method is not only impractical and inefficient but also often leads to calculation discrepancies. This study aims to develop an information system using the CodeIgniter framework. CodeIgniter, with its Model, View, Controller (MVC) concept, provides ease in designing information systems. The implementation of the WhatsApp API aims to create an up-to-date system by introducing WhatsApp notification features containing detailed billing and transaction information to parents/guardians of students. The research also aims to design a practical and effective information system in school administration services, making it easier and faster to perform administrative tasks. Through validation conducted by experts and users, it can be concluded that this system has received excellent ratings and can be applied as a tool for school administrative payment services, with revisions made if any issues are found. User Acceptance Testing (UAT) was conducted on sample respondents by asking users to try accessing the system and provide feedback by completing the provided questionnaire. From the test results, respondents gave a total score of 90% for ease of use, 86% for appearance, and 91% for functionality, indicating that users strongly agree that this school payment information system is easy to operate, has comprehensive features, and facilitates administrative services.

Short paths to diagnosis with artificial intelligence: systematic literature review on diagnostic decision support systems

Rare diseases are often recognized late. Their diagnosis is particularly challenging due to the diversity, complexity and heterogeneity of clinical symptoms. Computer-aided diagnostic aids, often referred to as diagnostic decision support systems (DDSS), are promising tools for shortening the time to diagnosis. Despite initial positive evaluations, DDSS are not yet widely used, partly due to alack of integration with existing clinical or practice information systems. This article provides an insight into currently existing diagnostic support systems that function without access to electronic patient records and only require information that is easily obtainable. Asystematic literature search identified eight articles on DDSS that can assist in the diagnosis of rare diseases with no need for access to electronic patient records or other information systems in practices and hospitals. The main advantages and disadvantages of the identified rare disease diagnostic support systems were extracted and summarized. Symptom checkers and DDSS based on portrait photos and pain drawings already exist. The degree of maturity of these applications varies. DDSS currently still face anumber of challenges, such as concerns about data protection and accuracy, and acceptance and awareness continue to be rather low. On the other hand, there is great potential for faster diagnosis, especially for rare diseases, which are easily overlooked due to their large number and the low awareness of them. The use of DDSS should therefore be carefully considered by doctors on acase-by-case basis.

A Systematic Review of Human Information Behavior: Implications for Research, Teaching, and Learning

This systematic review provides an exploratory analysis of Human Information Behavior from the searchers’ affective perspective within the domain of Higher Education. Additionally, results of the review will guide discussion for the design of information systems in higher education and related teaching practices. The review seeks to reveal research gaps in the existing literature and identify new directions for further study. Overall, this review will provide a valuable contribution to the field of HIB and its implications for research, teaching, and learning.

Design And Construction Of A Web-Based Information System For Ordering Printing Services On Cv Multigraph

Designing a Web-Based Printing Service Ordering Information System for CV Multigraph is a project aimed at developing an efficient and practical information system for online printing service orders. CV Multigraph is a printing company that offers a variety of printing services to its customers. In this research, the author designed and implemented an information system that enables customers to easily place orders through the web platform. Utilizing modern web technology, the system harnesses the power of the internet to expedite and streamline the ordering process. The system allows customers to choose their desired printing services, upload design files, select print quantities and sizes, and provide specific instructions. Upon completion of the order, customers receive real-time order status updates and confirmations. Additionally, the system facilitates CV Multigraph in managing incoming orders. Printing staff can view the list of ongoing orders, schedule production, and send confirmation messages to customers, enhancing service effectiveness and responsiveness to customer needs. The methodology used is Extreme Programming, which encompasses analysis, planning, design, coding, and testing. The system development utilizes web technologies such as HTML, CSS, JavaScript, and PHP. The result is an efficient, practical, and user-friendly printing service ordering information system for CV Multigraph customers. The system is expected to enhance customer experience, expedite the ordering process, and improve operational efficiency and customer satisfaction for CV Multigraph. Keywords: information system, ordering, printing service, CV Multigraph, web- based.

Economical, Financial and Allied Concerns in healthy Agricultural Information Systems Practice: The Context of Developing Countries

"Informatics is a domain not only for practicing but also a field of study which is really dedicated to study about the information activities such as collection, selection, organization, processing, management and delivery using technologies. The utilization of Informatics in various fields and sectors responsible in developing other domain focused areas and fields such as Bio Informatics, Health Informatics, Geo Informatics, Agricultural Informatics, and so on. Agricultural Informatics is also called as Agricultural Information Technologies and Agricultural Information Science which is simply the merger of the Agricultural Science with Information Science. Basic and latest applications of the IT and Computing in Agriculture and other allied domains are developing and modernizing better and healthy Agricultural practice with ICT. Various other technologies and systems also dedicated in agricultural activities for proper and effective and healthy Agricultural Practice. Many countries worldwide dedicated in ICT applications in Agricultural Systems for effective and progressive situation. Though, modern researchers find-out some of the critical issues and challenges in Agricultural Informatics, and most of the issues are related to the finance and economics including social. This work highlights fundamentals of Agricultural Informatics including technologies and impact of Agricultural Information Science with reference to the latest and researched issues, challenges of ICT in Agricultural Systems related to the economy and financial concern."

Identifying and Assessing the Functionality of IT Systems for the Maintenance and Development of the Road Network

The article presents the results of research aimed at identifying and assessing the functionality of IT systems in activities related to the maintenance and development of the road network managed by local government units. Starting the research, the authors were operating under the assumption that, nowadays, IT systems should play an important role in solving problems related to the management of road infrastructure. The applied research method took a form of a survey, and the research sample consisted of 100 local government units acting as administrators of the road network, i.e., administrators of municipal roads (AMR), county roads (ACR) and operating within cities with independent county rights (ACCR). The results of the research indicate that few administrators utilise integrated information systems in practice. Their users turned out to be mainly representatives of the ACCR group, who use several different support systems on a daily basis, with different functionality and usability. The operation of IT systems is mainly used at the level of operational work related to the implementation of ongoing maintenance activities, excluding the possibility of using them in strategic management.

Investigating the impact of representation features on decision model comprehension

ABSTRACT Decision models play an important role in various areas of information systems research, including system analysis and design, compliance management, and various application domains. Decision models must be effectively presented so that analysts can assure their correctness and completeness. So far, empirical research on the cognitive effectiveness of decision models has provided partially inconclusive results. Our paper provides novel insights into the drivers of decision model comprehension by moving from a classification based on representation archetypes to granular representation features. Using an experimental research design, we discover that the decision model type must be assessed in conjunction with other representational factors, such as representation structure (expanded vs. frugal) and representation design (monochromatic vs. colours). In this way, we extend prior arguments of cognitive fit theory by demonstrating that colour can be used to compensate for a misfit of decision model and task, and structural features can further increase model comprehension. We further studied the root causes of the observed effects by using eye-tracking. Our findings have implications for both cognitive information systems research and practice, as they can be used to guide decision model users and tool vendors.

Usability evaluation of emergency information systems in educational hospitals in Kerman, Iran

BackgroundSmart and practical health information systems and applications with fewer errors are crucial for healthcare facilities. One method that ensures the proper design of health information systems (HIS) and applications is usability evaluation.ObjectiveThis study aimed to evaluate the usability of the emergency information systems used at the emergency departments of four educational hospitals in Kerman, Iran.MethodThis study was conducted in two phases. In the first phase, the information systems' errors and shortages were identified using a semi-structured questionnaire by users (nurses and the IT staff). In the second phase, based on the results of the first phase, two questionnaires were designed for each group of users to their opinions about the usability of the emergency information systems.ResultsThe average score of “reducing and facilitating user’s daily activities” was significantly different among hospitals (p = 0.03). Shahid Beheshti Hospital obtained the lowest usability score (17.5), and Afzalipour Hospital received the highest usability score (21.75). Moreover, the average score in “use of the HIS” for nurses and IT staff was 2.93 and 3.54 on a scale of 5, respectively.ConclusionUsability evaluation of health information systems is essential to ensure that these systems provide sufficient and accurate information and requirements for users and health care providers. Also, modifying health information systems based on the user views and expectations improves the quality of the system and user-system Interaction.

How the Terminator might affect the car manufacturing industry: Examining the role of pre-announcement bias for AI-based IS adoptions

The steep development of artificial intelligence (AI) is accompanied by a completely new set of challenges for information systems (IS) research and practice, especially in the area of individual-level technology adoption. In this article, we elaborate on the important role that biases play regarding the adoption of AI-based IS by individuals in a work environment and for which, in addition, an alarmingly early occurrence within the overall process can be reported. Based on an exploratory case study within three different German car manufacturers, we credit this work with a valuable threefold contribution. First, it introduces and substantiates knowledge and theory on the pre-announcement phase of individual-level IS adoption. Second, it is one of the very few works that thoroughly conceptualize and analyze the role of biases in user decision making resulting from the individuals’ cognitive limitations. And third, it indicates a notable spillover effect of experiences and opinions on AI from the users’ private lives to their professional ones, which stands in clear contrast to what usually is reported in IS research. The article thereby discusses general implications for IS theory but also elaborates on the AI-specific elements regarding IS implementations in a professional environment.

Lessons learned from applying model-driven engineering in 5 domains: The success story of the MontiGem generator framework

We report on our success stories in developing and using Model-Driven Engineering (MDE) tools for information systems on real-world projects within different application domains. It is necessary that we ensure the extensibility and adaptability of code generators if we want to reuse them for different domains. Up to now, research on reusing software has been mainly conducted in the software product line community but rarely discussed in the context of code generators. This paper introduces the generation framework MontiGem and shows how it has been used and evolved within five different research and industry projects in the domains of financial management, IoT, energy management, privacy policy, and wind turbine engineering. We have developed the code generator within the first project and further refined it with each of the following projects. This paper describes the projects, shows how MDE helped us in the software engineering process, and discusses the lessons we learned. These examples show how MDE techniques can be successfully applied to the development of information systems in practice, although further requirements have been met over time.

How to Make Outpatient Healthcare Data in Germany Available for Research in the Dynamic Course of Digital Transformation.

There is increasing interest on re-use of outpatient healthcare data for research, as most medical diagnosis and treatment is provided in the ambulatory sector. One of the early projects to bring primary data from German ambulatory care into clinical research technically, organizationally and in compliance with legal demands has been the RADAR project, that is based on a broad consent and has used the then available practice information system's interfaces to extract and transfer data to a research repository. In course of the digital transformation of the German healthcare system, former standards are abandoned and new interoperability standards, interfaces and regulations on secondary use of patient data are defined, however with slow adoption by Health-IT systems. Therefore, it is of importance for all initiatives that aim at using ambulatory healthcare data for research, how to access this data in an efficient and effective way. Currently defined healthcare standards are compared regarding coverage of data relevant for research as defined by the RADAR project. We compare four architectural options to access ambulatory health data through different components of healthcare and health research data infrastructures along the technical, organizational and regulatory conditions, the timetable of dissemination and the researcher's perspective. A high-level comparison showed a high degree of semantic overlap in the information models used. Electronic patient records and practice information systems are alternative data sources for ambulatory health data - but differ strongly in data richness and accessibility. Considering the compared dimensions of architectural routes to access health data for secondary research use we conclude that data extraction from practice information systems is currently the most promising way due to data availability on a mid-term perspective. Integration of routine data into the national research data infrastructures might be enforced by convergence of to date different information models.

The Information System of Lebanese Exporting SMEs

Objective: This article focuses on the information system practices used by managers of Lebanese SMEs involved in export. This topic is particularly relevant in Lebanon as these companies significantly impact the country’s economy, representing 28% of the national product and 40% of GDP. This research article explores I.S.’s contribution to the emergence of a dynamic export market for Lebanese SMEs. The article begins by defining key concepts, such as SMEs, export, and I.S., and reviewing relevant studies. The central question is why and how managers of SMEs involved in export use I.S.
 
 Method: The method adopted is qualitative analysis. A sample of small and medium-sized exporting firms is carefully selected, allowing for analyzing the causes and means of exporting without presenting all small and medium-sized exporting firms statistically. Data collection is done in real-life situations through semi-structured interviews. The adopted interview guide is based on open-ended and closed questions.
 
 Result: Contrary to what is found in the literature, Lebanese exporting companies manage to maintain their share in the external market with a simple and hybrid I.S. However, the effectiveness of this system relies on the proficiency and technical know-how of the export team, necessitating supplementary measures such as workshops tailored to the educational background of executives and staff.
 
 Conclusion: The study highlights that the internal and external IS evolves with the size of the SMEs, decision-making power, and adopted strategy. The larger the size, the more decentralized the decision-making power; the adopted strategy is external growth, and the external I.S. is indirect and developed. However, at every level, we found that internal I.S. always relies on direct relationships, the extent of which also grows with the size, decision-making power, and strategy of the company.

Cryptography works, but needs a system-wide view

Cryptography lies at the heart of most cyber security technologies, providing the core security services that enable notions of security to be constructed in cyberspace. Cryptographic algorithms are based on mathematics and increasingly subjected to such demanding levels of scrutiny that established cryptographic algorithms rarely fail from a theoretical perspective. Cryptography exists, however, to support practical information systems. It is thus necessary to take a system-wide view when assessing the effectiveness of cryptography in delivering security in cyberspace. This paper considers the wider system within which cryptography is deployed, identifying the most common points of failure, where even use of strong cryptographic algorithms may fail to deliver intended security. The paper also discusses the possible impacts of some future developments. The core message is that cryptography works, but only if the wider system in which it is deployed is given full consideration.