Informative Source Research Articles

THE ROLES OF BRAND TRUST AND E-WOM (ELECTRONIC WORD OF MOUTH) ON SHOPEE’S CUSTOMER LOYALTY IN MANADO

The purpose of this study is to explore the roles of brand and E-WOM on Customer loyalty, Study the case of customers of Shopee in Manado. This research is qualitative research using a case study approach. Primary data was gathered from an in-depth interview of 20 informants that used Shopee with 2 years of minimum use as the sample chosen using purposive. The data was analyzed through qualitative data analysis. The results show that brand trust has an important role in Customer loyalty, especially among Shopee customers in Manado. The indicators of brand trust namely: Perceived quality, Perceived ease-of-use, customer commitment, customer satisfaction, and product quality are the factors of brand trust to keep the customer stay loyal to the Shopee Brand. The findings for E-WOM that using the coding method also has an important role in Shopee customer loyalty which refers to the affirmation of the customers that perceive E-WOM as a reliable, helpful, adequate, and trustworthy non-commercial informational source. This study suggests that Shopee management or online shop owners keep their quality control over products so that the old customer would be easy to retain and there will be lessened critics over the problem of product quality and time prediction on products' arrival. Thus, the overall benefits can be felt by all parties involved. Keywords: brand trust, E-WOM, customer loyalty, perceived quality, repurchase, quality control

Primary Fight against «Minor» Corruption Crimes as a Problem of Judicial Practice and Forensics

The paper focuses on the problem raised in its title and verified it as a scientific hypothesis. Based on the analysis of regularities in the investigation of corruption crimes and scientific developments on the same subject, statistical data and standings of leading forensic scientists, it is proved that there are two problems: practical and scientific. The first is the presence of a negative pattern in the activities of law enforcement agencies, a kind of informal priority in the fight against minor crimes that do not represent legal and criminalistic complexity. The second problem related to the first, but already a scientific problem, is that a lot of scientific forensic developments, for example investigation techniques, are devoted to the description and investigation of just small, uncomplicated crimes. The author analyzes the causes of these problems, including methodological ones. Thus, in criminology, research programs for studying and generalizing the practice of investigating criminal cases have not been fully developed. Criminal cases that have resulted in convictions are not a completely valid and not the most informative source for a criminologist—developer. The author suggests supplementing these sources with a list of five types of, relatively speaking, «unrealized» materials.As a result, conclusions are drawn that criminology as a science should: 1) be critical of the noted practical regularity; 2) adopt the principle of priority for the development of recommendations for the investigation of the most complex and dangerous crimes. In addition, forensic techniques in cases of corruption crimes should contain a number of main areas of investigation, the essence of which is the priority of combating high—level, serial attacks, the activities of organized criminal groups and money laundering.

Електронні докази - дієві інструменти доказування у кримінальному провадженні

The process of proving is carried out by competent participants of criminal trial in order to establish the truth in criminal proceedings and is an important component of the proceeding. Proving is carried out in compliance with the statutory procedure for criminal proceedings in general, the order of the execution of certain procedural actions and the adoption of procedural decisions, that is within the limits of the criminal procedural form. The modern concept of criminal proceedings is aimed at establishing additional guarantees of observance of the participants’ rights at each stage. The process of proving should be clearly regulated by criminal procedure legislation to ensure the rights of a person in criminal proceedings. The rapid development of the latest information technologies and a significant increase in the number of legal relations in the plane of the information space objectively affected the features of the criminal process. In particular, this applies to such an important category as sources of evidence. In modern conditions of widespread use of information technologies, electronic media are an important and informative source of evidence in criminal proceedings. From theoretical and practical perspectives an important task for scholars is to regulate at the legislative level the methods and procedural proceedings for the legal collection of digital information relevant to criminal proceedings and its further use in compliance with the principles of relevance, admissibility, reliability and sufficiency. The peculiarities of collecting, processing and recording digital evidence are analyzed in the article. It is emphasized that the collection of evidence contained on electronic media can be done by removing the media or information system and by copying the information stored on the corresponding electronic media. The advantages and disadvantages of using digital evidence collection methods are analyzed. Emphasis is placed on the importance of observing the procedural and technical aspects of obtaining information stored on electronic media in order to ensure the possibility of using such information as evidence during criminal proceedings.

Internet use and e-health literacy among tuberculosis patients in the Directly Observed Therapy Centre, Lagos State, Nigeria

Introduction. This study investigated Internet use and e-health literacy among tuberculosis patients attending Directly Observed Therapy Centre in Lagos State, Nigeria. Method. The study population comprised registered adult tuberculosis patients on active treatment and assessing healthcare in the designated Directly Observed Therapy Centre. Data were collected using a questionnaire and e-health literacy was measured using the 8-item e-health literacy scale. Analysis. Descriptive statistics and Pearson correlation coefficient was used for the analysis. Results. The findings of the study revealed that a majority (73.3%) of the respondents had mobile phone devices for accessing e-health information and acknowledged that the Internet is very useful to their health. However, many of them did not have the skills to evaluate the health resources found on the Internet and cannot differentiate high quality from low quality health resources. Hence many of the patients did not feel confident in using information sourced from the Internet. The result of the hypotheses shows that educational level was significantly associated with usefulness and perceived importance of online health information (r= 0.189, p=0.010). Conclusion. The results showed the need to inculcate e-health literacy into the educational program of tuberculosis patients in the country, and how to evaluate online information as a reliable source of medical information.

Natural Language Processing

Hints of the outbreak are detected through the modified circumstances favoring the outbreaks, like the warm weather contributing to epidermal outbreaks or the loss of sanitation leading to cholera outbreaks typically relying on the routine reports from the healthcare facilities, secondary data like attendance monitoring at workplaces and schools, the web, and the media play a significant informational source with more than 60% of the initial outbreak reporting to the informal sources. Through the application of natural language processing methods and machine learning technologies, a pipeline is developed which extracts the critical entities like country, confirmed case counts, disease, and case dates, which are mandatory entities from the epidemiological article and are saved in the database thereby facilitating the data entry easier. The advantages are the facilitation of relevant score articles shown first, thereby providing the web service results termed EventEpi integrated into the Event Based Surveillance (EBS) workflows.

Can Global Sourcing Strategy Predict Stock Returns?

Problem definition: Whereas firms are increasingly relying on sourcing globally as a key constituent of their supply chain strategy, there is no empirical evidence on whether investors of these firms adequately reflect firms’ global sourcing strategy (GSS) in their stock-valuation process. In this paper, we empirically test whether stock market participants are efficient in doing so. Methodology/results: Using the empirical asset-pricing framework, we find that information concerning firms’ GSS strongly predicts their future stock returns. We compile a transaction-level imports database for U.S.-listed firms and construct measures for five widely studied GSS aspects in the operations management literature: the extent of global sourcing, supplier relationship strength, supplier concentration, sourcing lead time, and sourcing countries’ logistical efficiency. For each measure, we examine returns of a zero-cost investment strategy of buying from the highest and selling from the lowest quintile of that measure. Collectively, these investment strategies yield an average annual four-factor alpha of 6%–9.6% (6%–13.9%) with value (equal)-weighted portfolios. Their return predictability is incremental over other operations- and cost arbitrage–motivated predictors, such as inventory turnover, cash conversion cycle, and gross profitability; is persistent across different supply chain positions; and is robust to alternate risk models, subsamples, and empirical specifications. Together, our results indicate that the GSS measures embody independent information about firms’ future profitability, and this information is mispriced by market participants, leading to predictable returns. In accordance with this mechanism, we find that the GSS measures strongly predict both firms’ future earnings and the surprise in market reactions around the earnings announcement days. Managerial implications: The robust return predictability of our GSS measures suggests that investors are not fully incorporating GSS-related information in their stock valuation frameworks. Therefore, our results call for greater investor education on global sourcing and better dissemination of global-sourcing information so as to mitigate valuation inefficiency. Supplemental Material: The online appendix is available at https://doi.org/10.1287/msom.2023.1189 .

Nurses Self-Efficacy Caring for COVID-19 Patients: A Qualitative Study

The Covid-19 pandemic causes nurses to experience various physical and mental stresses to deal with rapid case escalation with severe patient conditions. The workload of nurses is increasing and they are required to quickly adapt to the change in the function of the treatment room into a Covid-19 Isolation Room. High self-efficacy is needed for motivation and performance as well as controlling stress. This study aims to obtain an overview of the sources of nurse self-efficacy and explore other themes related to nurse self-efficacy in the Covid-19 Isolation Room. This research is a qualitative research by conducting semi-structured in-depth interviews with 12 informants. The informants were selected by purposive sampling consisting of the shift nurse, the team leader and the head nurse. Data analysis techniques with manual thematic analysis. The stress faced by nurses in the Covid-19 Isolation Room is related to workload, job risks and relational relationships at work and in the community. Sources of informants' self-efficacy were obtained from mastery experiences through internships, vicarious experiences from role models and social persuasion from friends and superiors. Three themes were found that affect self-efficacy, namely personal, organizational and external variables. In each theme also found several sub-themes. In order to increase nurse's self-efficacy, it is necessary to utilize self-efficacy sources, maximize personal variables and get support from family and organizations.

Переписные книги 1701–1703 гг. как источник для изучения женских монастырей Российского государства

The history of Russian female monasticism is one of the little-studied topics. One of the main sources that allows us to characterize the monasteries of the late XVII – early XVIII centuries are the census books that were compiled as part of the initial stage of the church reform of Peter I. The census books of 1701-1703 are a multifaceted source. A large place in them is occupied by information about monastic temples and their interior decoration, about the treasury, where monastic documents were kept, libraries, economic activities, land holdings, etc. The study showed that the census books for the study of nunneries are a very informative source. On their basis, it is possible to establish the number of women's monasteries. They contain information about the management of monasteries, about the social status of nuns, their daily life, as well as about the income and financing of monasteries by the state. The materials of the description to one degree or another reflect the church transformations of Peter I carried out in the country in 1701-1703, which had a significant impact on the life and way of life of the nuns. This makes the census books a very promising source for studying the history of women's monasteries in Russia at the turn of the XVII–XVIII centuries.

Ертөнцийн үндэстний зураглал (Монгол, орос, англи хэлний идээ, ундааны нэрийн баримтаар зэрэгцүүлэх нь)

Language is a reflection of reality, preservation, and promotion of national culture. The concept of vocabulary is an integral part of cognition and a result of human cognition and connected to accumulated comprehensive knowledge. Therefore, lexicons can be an informative source of a certain country. Every nation has its environment to live in, style to use something, experience, culture, and tradition, and they have their own words, and phrases to express them. It’s obvious that people observe what is around them and recognize the objects that they have seen before. As a result of this, citizens of any nation mark them with words and give names on what they have learned. Thus, for centuries it has been a national feature in the public consciousness, and the phenomenon has retained as certain patterns and images. These retained images, patterns, ways of life, events, and historical chronological orders are absorbed in languages, and speakers, representatives of any countries express them in their own tongue phonology, dialects, and language. In this article, we tried to explain the concept of global image through the comparison of names of three different types of food and beverages in the examples of Mongolian, Russian, and English languages.

Estimating health state utilities in primary hyperoxaluria type 1: a valuation study

AimsQuantitative data on health state utilities in primary hyperoxaluria type 1 (PH1) are lacking. This study was conducted to estimate utility values in PH1 using 3 standard valuation techniques.Materials and methodsHealth state vignettes were developed with input from expert clinicians to describe different stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD) within the setting of PH1, along with a post-combined liver and kidney transplant (CLKT) health state ≥12 months following transplantation. The utility associated with living in each PH1 health state, as described by the vignettes, was evaluated by members of the UK general public using standard utility assessment techniques, including EQ-5D-5L, Visual Analog Scale, and Time Trade-Off.ResultsA similar pattern across the three valuation methods was observed. Utility values were roughly constant from CKD stage 1–3b and then dropped sharply from these states to CKD stage 4. Decreases in utility in the later stages of CKD (stages 4–5) were followed by a recovery in quality of life in the post-CLKT health state.LimitationsVignettes may not fully capture the burden of living with PH1.ConclusionsThis study serves as an informative source of data on how the burden of PH1 varies across disease stages of CKD and post-CLKT in patients with PH1. The study findings highlight the unique clinical features of PH1 compared with non-PH1-related CKD, such as the need for earlier and more intensive hemodialysis, the risk of systemic oxalosis, and the potential need for CLKT (as opposed to kidney-only transplant). The impact of PH1 on health-related quality of life, which worsens once hemodialysis is required and systemic disease manifestations occur, is captured in this study using quantitative health state utilities. These data provide an understanding of the impact of PH1 on health-related quality of life and will facilitate health economic evaluation of future treatments.

TVET FINANCING AND RESOURCING FOR THE SUSTENANCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL EDUCATION IN NIGERIA (A STUDY OF THE FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ILARO)

Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) is very important for the empowerment of youths globally, the unemployment rate of young graduates in Nigeria has been on a steady increase for years, and several scholars had in their reports and findings opined that the government should invest in technical and vocational training for Nigerian youth. This study examined the funding of the Nigerian Polytechnics and Technological Institutions using the Federal Polytechnic Ilaro as a case study, to assess whether the current increase in the Tertiary Education Tax from 2% to 2.5%, can it have a positive impact on technological education? as the focus of this study. To examine whether the current increase will lead to an increase in the funding of Polytechnics in Nigeria or will revitalize vocational and technical education in Nigeria. The methodology for the study was the sourcing of information through both secondary and primary sources, the study is descriptive, and the oral interview was used to examine the opinion of practitioners and the users of the services of these Institutions The finding reveals that there exists a gap between the industry and our TVET institutions and that the government should increase the percentage given to the Polytechnics from the proceeds of the Tertiary Education tax, which presently is 25%. The study recommended that the TVET institutions should identify through interaction with industries the challenges they have and find a way to provide practical solutions, this will bridge the gap between the institutions and the industries. Government should increase the funding of the Polytechnics in the country through the increase in the percentage accruing to it from the Tertiary Education Tax.

Method evaluation and risk assessment: A framework for evaluating management strategies for data‐limited fisheries

AbstractFisheries managers are in need of quantitative tools to inform decisions regarding selection of robust management practices, prioritising research gaps and stocks to focus on, particularly where there are limited resources or data. To support these decisions, the use of Management Strategy Evaluation (MSE), that is, closed loop simulation‐testing of management procedures, is widely regarded as best practice. However, applying MSE is time‐ and computationally intensive, and requires highly skilled expertise and processes for stakeholder input and peer review. For data‐ and capacity‐limited fisheries, MSE may be particularly challenging to implement. Yet, these are the contexts where it is most critical to test assumptions, evaluate the implications of all sources of uncertainty and identify the most informative data sources. To facilitate wider use of MSE, the Method Evaluation and Risk Assessment (MERA) framework was developed as an accessible online interface, with quick processing time, focused on generic data‐limited management procedures, but allowing progression to tailored and more data‐rich methods. The framework links a quantitative questionnaire and data input standard to a flexible operating model with optional customisation via command line access to the back‐end open‐source R libraries. Here, we illustrate a case study application of MERA for the bocinegro (Pagrus pagrus, Sparidae) fishery in the Gulf of Cadiz, where in conjunction with fishery stakeholders, a custom management procedure was developed and tested and key research gaps and data collection priorities were identified. We discuss implications for wider use of MSE in various contexts, including eco‐certification and fishery improvement projects.

Policy Capacity in The Policy of Structuring General Functional Positions in The Government Environment

This study aims to analyze the policy capacity in the employee management policy in the General Functional Class in the Government of Bangkalan Regency. The problem is that the availability of position classes has not been accommodated in the Regent Regulation Number 75 of 2020 for several job classes. This raises problems such as placing employees in a lower position class than they should be, several job classes are still not fulfilled, causing jealousy between employees. This study uses the theory of policy capacity by Xun Wu, Ramesh, and Howlett with 3 (three) indicators, namely analytical capacity, operational capacity and political capacity at each level, both individual, organizational and system.
 The research was conducted using a qualitative research method with a descriptive type to dig deeper and detailed information. The location of the research was carried out in the Organizational Section of the Regional Secretariat of Bangkalan Regency. Sources of information or informants that are relevant to the topic in this study are from the Organizational Section, the Staffing and Human Resources Development Agency, the Education Office, the Environment Service. The use of data in this study comes from primary and secondary data collected through interviews, observation and the use of other supporting documents.

Application of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the Development of Gosari Nature Tourism (Wagos) Gosari Village, Ujungpangkah District, Gresik Regency

The tourism industry in rural areas is able to have an impact on various aspects for both the community and the government. Tourism-based community and village participation is one form of effort to increase the tourism industry. This study aims to determine the application of Community Based Tourism (CBT) in the development of Gosari Nature Tourism (WAGOS) in Gosari Village, Ujungpangkah District, Gresik Regency. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach. Community Based Tourism (CBT) is expected to play a significant role in the growth of Gosari Nature Tourism in Ujungpangkah District, Gresik Regency, and this research will provide an overall picture of its application in that context. Specifically, researchers used key informant data sources, places and events, and documents. Interviews, observations, documentation, and online data collection were used to collect information for this study, with the researcher acting as the main instrument integrated with the observed data sources. Data analysis techniques used are collection, data compaction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. While the validity of the data used is triangulation and reference adequacy. The results of this study found that the planning stage had been carried out properly. Then in the implementation of the distribution of the portion of the implementation of Gosari tourism development it was divided into 3 parts. As well as the impact and benefits of the establishment of Gosari tourism are felt by the community starting from small things, namely a sense of pride and friendliness towards tourists. So that the application of CBT in Gosari Tourism has been carried out properly and optimally

Strategi Peningkatan Aksesibilitas Arsip Statis Sebagai Informasi Publik Pada Lembaga Kearsipan di Era Keterbukaan Informasi

Accessibility of archival information in the era of information disclosure is marked by the development of technology and information, which is a challenge for archival institutions in meeting community needs for historical information sourced from archives. As a public information institution, archival institutions must transform in carrying out their functions and duties in order to provide excellent service to the public using static archives. However, in practice, efforts to realize the accessibility of static archives as a source of public information at archival institutions (LK) have experienced problems related to the deposit of archives as a collective memory. This is caused by two things, namely that there are still many archive creators who have not submitted static archives to le, and the limited understanding and archival outreach of the public. This study describes how to improve the accessibility of archives as public information on LK in the era of information disclosure, using a qualitative approach and literature study methods. The results of this study indicate that the low accessibility of archives is caused by the lack of optimal archival management development, the low availability of archives as a result of the low quality of archive management in LK, and the lack of public understanding of the role of LK as a repository of historical information.

МИГРАЦИОННЫЕ ПРОЦЕССЫ НА АЛТАЕ В 1917–1926 ГОДАХ: ИНФОРМАЦИОННЫЙ ПОТЕНЦИАЛ СТАТИСТИЧЕСКИХ ИСТОЧНИКОВ

The study presents an attempt to assess the information potential of official publications of central and regional statistical institutional bodies in the early 20th century for studying migration processes in Altai. The aim of the research is to generate the information system on the historical statistics of Altai of the second half of the 19th century – the first third of the 20th century. The modern historiography of migration processes in the early 20th century is full of theoretical and practical concepts of resettlement in the early Soviet period. Nevertheless, the issues of population dynamics in Altai and the role of migration processes in the early Soviet period remain relevant. The official publications of the central and provincial statistical institutional bodies, materials of the population censuses of 1916–1917, 1920, 1923, and 1926, publications of the Altai Provincial Statistical Bureau are among the sources for studying migration processes in Altai in 1917–1926. The authors state that official statistical materials, despite certain difficulties in comparing and analyzing data, allow them to trace the main trends, as well as the role and significance of migration processes for Altai. The dynamic ranks in terms of the population of counties and cities for 1917–1923, made by the Altai Provincial Statistical Bureau, as well as data from population censuses of 1917, 1920, 1923, and 1926, are the most informative sources. Special characteristics of migrations in Altai compared to similar Siberian processes are revealed in the paper. The authors conclude that, by 1926, migrations of the early Soviet period played a key role in the formation of the Altai population.

Children’s Magazine as an Interactive Project, or the Mailbox in Mauritius Wolff’s “Zadushevnoye Slovo”

The article provides a thematic, structural and comparative analysis of the section “Mailbox” of the children’s magazine “Zadushevnoye slovo” (Sincere Word) (1876—1918, publisher M. Wolff). The texts reviewed represent an important and informative source on the history of everyday life and the history of childhood. The paper identifies the following forms of interaction between the editorial board and its readers: publication of letters with stories about family, favorite toys, travels, etc.; children’s questions and answers addressed to each other; entertaining tasks and their solutions; “prize” competitions (drawings, opinion essays), followed by sending out prize books and publication of winners’ names; questionnaires; personal appeals. The editorial board declared “developing the ability of children to express their thoughts and feelings correctly and coherently” as the aim of the column. The “answers and advice” section helped children to improve their writing skills; the framework provided a certain canon for communication. Being interactive, “Mailbox” stimulated interest in the magazine, attracted readers and increased the number of regular subscribers. However, its evaluation by literary critics and educators was and often remains negative.

«Киноатлас СССР»: концепция М. В. Налетного. По архивным материалам 1920-х гг.

The 1920s saw an increased general release of documentaries about life of peoples and regions in the USSR, opening an opportunity for mass audience to make virtual trips through multinational and diverse country. It was within the frameworks of the project “Cinema-Atlas of the USSR,” an ambitious state program launched under the auspices of the Central Executive Committee, which involved creation of a 150-episode thematic film almanac. The article is to introduce into scientific use the archival documentary film “To the shores of the Pacific Ocean” (1927) directed by M. V. Naletny, created during complex film expedition along the Trans-Siberian railway from Moscow to the Far East. To achieve this goal, not only the film itself is analyzed, but also socio-political, cultural, and ideological context of its creation, in line with the state program for creation of the Soviet Cine-Atlas. Little-known visual and text archives, as well as data from the Soviet periodical press of the 1920s, are used as a source base for the study. Due to specifics of silent cinema, this film is a film text of a kind, consisting of approximately equal number of alternating film frames and text captions. One can tell that, in accordance with general recommendations for film making in the USSR, based on Marxist theory, the director designed his full-length film as a series of visual essays suitable for the “Cinema-Atlas” developed at the time. The study makes it obvious that M. V. Naletny sought in his film to overcome the format of superficial “tourist” narrative, widespread at the time, detailing geographical features of regions, types of population, their economic structures, etc. M. V. Naletny’s methodological developments, which are considered cocurrently, clearly demonstrate party requirements to capacious resources of cinematography as a means of information and agitation, textbook, and means for popularization of scientific knowledge. It is concluded that M. V. Naletny’s legacy is of multi-layered popular science significance, having become a contribution to the on-screen chronicle of Soviet transformations on the ground. The studied complex of materials is a significant example of visual and anthropological searches of the early Soviet period, as well as an informative historical source that has not lost its relevance for modern scientific study.

Rate-Distortion Optimized Geometry Compression for Spinning LiDAR Point Cloud

Point cloud is a major representation format of 3D objects and scenes. It has been increasingly applied in various applications due to the rapid advances in 3D sensing and rendering technologies. In the field of autonomous driving, point clouds captured by spinning Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) devices have become an informative data source for road environment perception and intelligent vehicle control. On the other hand, the massive data volume of point clouds also brings huge challenges to point cloud transmission and storage. Therefore, establishing compression frameworks and algorithms that conform to the characteristics of point cloud data has become an important research topic for both academia and industry. In this paper, a geometry compression method dedicated to spinning LiDAR point cloud was proposed taking advantage of the prior information of the LiDAR acquisition procedure. Rate-distortion optimizations were further integrated into the coding pipeline according to the characteristics of the prediction residuals. Experimental results obtained on different datasets show that the proposed method consistently outperforms the state-of-the-art G-PCC predictive geometry coding method with reduced runtime at both the encoder and decoder sides.

Becoming Adults: The state of children in the Middle Bronze Age of Western Hungary

The last few decades witnessed increasing attention to the study of the state and role of children in different historical and prehistoric periods. The graves of those who unfortunately died in their childhood are one of the most informative and important sources for this topic in prehistoric research, which, thanks to modern scientific methods, can provide information not only about the diseases or sex of the young deceased, but also about their lifestyle (e.g., their diet). However, we should not forget that the way children are buried and their grave goods reveal primarily the relationship of the adult community to the youngest generation and their loss and mourning. The period between 2200/2100 and 1600/1500 BC is the end of the Early Bronze Age and the whole Middle Bronze Age in Hungary. The territory of Western Hungary was then the borderland between the Central European Únětice and related cultures (e.g., Gáta–Wieselburg) adopting inhumation mortuary practice and the groups of the Carpathian Basin with cremation rites (Kisapostag and the Transdanubian Encrusted Pottery Culture). Children were buried in 30–40% of the excavated burials, and while archaeological analysis of these graves can provide limited insights into what it was like to be a child in the Bronze Age, it can also shed light on key aspects of social organisation between 3500 and 4000 years ago.