Metacognitive sensitivity predicts the quality of information search in value-based decision making.

Educational disparities in digital inequality: Relationships between online activities and online harms.

Informal carers face numerous challenges in caring for home-dwelling persons with dementia. This study aimed to explore the needs and challenges of informal carers in managing behavioural and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSDs) and their acceptance of mHealth applications for information and support seeking in dementia care. Following Braun and Clarke's reflexive thematic analysis approach, an exploratory qualitative study design was employed. Interviews were performed with a purposive sample of informal carers of persons with dementia using a semi-structured interview guide (N = 16). The analysis yielded four main themes, including "weight of love: dealing with the complexities of providing BPSD care"; "information challenge: revealing information needs and information-seeking barriers"; "building bridges: searching for support systems"; and "information-seeking in the digital age: adopting mHealth applications". This study provides insight into the challenges and needs of informal carers in providing care for persons with dementia, particularly managing BPSDs, and highlights the necessity of addressing these issues. Developing tailor-made mHealth applications related to BPSDs is recommended.

The role of streamer trustworthiness and attractiveness in enhancing viewer engagement and mindfulness in live streaming.

Biomarker recall and understanding among people living with metastatic breast cancer - results from an international patient survey.

This study aims to describe and analyze the effect of price and product quality on purchasing decisions of Erigo fashion products on the Shopee application, both partially and simultaneously. This research employed a survey approach using descriptive and quantitative methods. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 50 students of the Institut Bisnis dan Informatika Kosgoro 1957 and analyzed using SPSS version 26. The validity test results indicate that all questionnaire items have Corrected Item–Total Correlation (CITC) values above 0.30, while the reliability test results show that the Cronbach’s Alpha values for all variables are greater than 0.60, indicating that the research instruments are valid and reliable. Descriptive analysis results show that the price variable has the highest score of 211, reflected by the discount or promotion dimension with the indicator of discounted price and promotion. The product quality variable also records the highest score of 211, reflected by the feature dimension with the indicator of features that facilitate ease of use, while the lowest score is found in the durability indicator at 181. For the purchasing decision variable, the highest score of 218 is reflected by the information search dimension with the indicator of pre-purchase information-seeking activity. Hypothesis testing results reveal that price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, as indicated by a t-value of 6.099, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.012. Product quality also shows a positive and significant effect with a t-value of 2.256, which is greater than the t-table value of 2.012. Simultaneously, price and product quality have a significant effect on purchasing decisions, as indicated by an F-value of 112.410, which is greater than the F-table value of 3.20, and a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.845, meaning that 84.5% of the variation in purchasing decisions can be explained by price and product quality. Therefore, the purchasing decisions of students toward Erigo products on Shopee are primarily influenced by competitive pricing through promotional programs and product quality reflected in ease-of-use features, although product durability still needs improvement.

Purpose Foodborne illnesses significantly impact public health and economic losses, highlighting the need for effective food risk analysis and communication strategies. This study aimed to enrich and validate the food Risk Information Seeking and Processing (RISP) model for foodborne diseases in the United States. Design/methodology/approach An online questionnaire using a non-probability opt-in sample was used to collect 1,013 consumers in the United States and analysed through structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings Results indicated that higher subjective knowledge and previous experience with foodborne diseases increased the perception of these food risks as significant threats. Social pressures, perceived information-gathering capacity and perceptions that more information encouraged information-seeking and systematic as well as heuristic processing. Also, trust in information channels was crucial. The structural model explained 48.4% of the variance in information seeking, 54.1% in systematic processing and 7.8% in heuristic processing. Originality/value Our study is the first to apply SEM to the RISP model for foodborne diseases in the United States, examining both information seeking and processing behaviours. Our findings help develop targeted food risk communication strategies in the United States that enhance public awareness of food risks, promote systematic information processing and encourage preventive behaviours to mitigate potential foodborne illnesses impacts.

This research paper aimed to identify the human capital drive to social entrepreneurship in Thai context, so we can understand how knowledge and skill that can influence to social entrepreneurship. In addition, this research is also to explore the social entrepreneurship that can describe the experience to create social impact on society in Thailand. Finally, it is to generate the new conceptual framework of social entrepreneurship that can be led to social impact. The sample size for multiple case designs was 5 social entrepreneurs for qualitative research. Semi-interview question is used as a tool to collect data through target group. This research is using grounded approach to analyze the data. Findings show that knowledge and personality are the key point antecedent for human capital that drive to social entrepreneurship. For social entrepreneurship, I have found three more factors that can be used to measure, which are passionate, information seeking, and opportunity seeking. Finally, social impact can be measured in two types that the impact can be seen as the society is increasing on income or profit and improved their quality of living.

Vitiligo can cause substantial psychosocial distress, including stigma, depression, and social exclusion. Cultural factors shape disease perception and information needs. Online search queries provide real-time indicators of unmet public interests. We investigated language- and culture-associated differences in vitiligo-related online information seeking in Germany to inform culturally competent dermatologic care. We conducted a retrospective observational study using anonymized data from the Google Ads Keyword Planner (October 2019-May 2023). Search terms related to vitiligo were analyzed in six languages (German, Turkish, Arabic, English, Russian, Polish), representing the most commonly spoken languages in Germany. Keywords were thematically categorized and comparatively analyzed across languages. A total of 7.8 million vitiligo-related search queries were identified, with the majority in German. "General information" was the most frequently searched category, except in Arabic, where "treatment options" ranked highest. Treatment queries in Turkish and Arabic more frequently mentioned alternative therapies and home remedies than specific evidence-based treatments. Notable cross-language differences emerged in searches for camouflage, depigmentation, faith-related coping, and psychosocial burden. Online search behavior reveals both shared and language-specific interests about vitiligo. Observed language patterns are hypothesis-generating and may reflect differences in information access, healthcare navigation, and language barriers rather than inherent cultural preferences. Language-specific patterns highlight the need for culturally sensitive communication, multilingual patient education, and inclusive care models in dermatology to promote health equity.

ABSTRACT Food safety issues have attracted increasing public attention and can affect not only domestic food consumption but also international trade in agricultural products. This paper examines the impact of the 2011 lean meat powder scandal in China on pork imports. Exploiting the exogenous exposure of the scandal, we employ a difference-in-differences approach comparing China’s pork imports from economies that allow lean meat powder with those that prohibit it, thereby constructing a quasi-natural experiment. To assess robustness and address substitution concerns, we also apply the synthetic control method to construct counterfactual import trajectories. The results show that, after the scandal, pork import quantities from the treatment group declined by 24.9%, while import values fell by 35.0%. The negative impact is more pronounced and persistent for offal products associated with higher residual risks. Supplementary evidence based on information search intensity suggests that heightened public attention is associated with stronger import reductions, consistent with a trust-related transmission mechanism. From a policy perspective, the findings indicate that food safety scandals can generate lasting disruptions in international agricultural trade, underscoring the importance for exporting economies of maintaining credible food safety standards and monitoring conditions in importing economies to mitigate trade risks from food safety shocks.

Purpose of the research. The rapid digital transformation of higher medical education is leading to a rethinking of traditional pedagogical approaches, necessitating a search for more flexible and accessible teaching tools. In this context, FOAMed (Free Open Access Medical Education), an international movement promoting free and open medical education, has gained popularity. This literature review aims to analyze existing modalities used within FOAMed, including podcasts, video content, social media, and blogs. Furthermore, an analysis of their educational potential was conducted. Materials and methods. For the information search, we used PubMed, the largest international database of scientific publications. Articles were searched using the keywords “FOAMed”, “Medical Education”, “Digital pedagogy”, “Podcast”, “Vodcast”, “Social media”, and “Free Open Access Medical Education”. The search was focused on publications dedicated to the education of medical students, interns, practicing physicians, and mid-level medical professionals. 864 scientific publications from the past 10 years were identified, 32 of which were used in this literature review because they were available in full text and met the objectives of this review. Results. The review shows that FOAMed encompasses a variety of educational modalities – podcasts, video content, social media, and blogs – each with its own pedagogical advantages and potential limitations. These formats not only complement traditional education but also create a new educational environment where activity, motivation, and knowledge accessibility play a key role. FOAMed is particularly significant in the context of the media activity of the Faculty of higher medical education. This opens up opportunities for expanding educational influence, shaping professional image, developing pedagogical innovations, and creating global networking. The lecturer becomes not just knowledge holder but also an active participant in the digital educational field, capable of creating, disseminating, and interpreting knowledge within the modern media paradigm. Conclusion. FOAMed has the potential to become an important component of the teaching activities and educational strategy of the medical university, especially in the context of hybrid and distance learning. Potential for incorporating FOAMed into official educational programs and areas for further research were also identified.

ABSTRACT The study explores motivation and demotivation continuums through doctoral students’ perceptions to find a remedy for demotivating factors. It investigated the University doctoral students’ perspective on motivating and demotivating factors. The study was keen to know how a research supervisor responds when confronted with a problem and how the supervisor’s motivated or demotivated behaviour affects doctoral students’ feelings, emotions, attitudes, and personalities. A survey method was employed to conduct the research, using a questionnaire as a data-gathering tool. One hundred and twenty questionnaires were distributed among the research students pursuing different courses from the School of Science and Social Science at one of the South Asian universities, but only 108 questionnaires were received back. The data collection procedure was supplemented through personal interviews and face-to-face interaction with the doctoral students. Data analysis uses the SPSS statistical package to draw results and empirical inferences. The study shows that most doctoral students (84) are moderately motivated by their research supervisors. A tiny percentage of doctoral students (3) find their research supervisors demotivating while seeking information. It was observed that doctoral students were hesitant to share information about their research supervisor freely. The study emphasizes the need for doctoral students to monitor their information needs and have more communication and collaboration with their research supervisor. The research supervisor should develop a mutual relationship of trust and respect with the doctoral students. Research supervisors should seek opportunities to talk to doctoral students personally and let them know they care for their progress and recognize their efforts. The paper finds excellent implications for understanding doctoral students’ perceptions of their research supervisor. Further, it will help the research supervisor improve their behaviour if a research student is demotivated. The findings provide beneficial information and have implications for research students. Various demotivating factors were identified and, if organized, will eventually result in quality enhancement.

This article analyzes the stages of the purchase decision process for absorbent paper in the retail channel, highlighting the importance of consumer behavior in a fast-moving, low-involvement good. Based on classical theoretical models (Engel, Blackwell & Miniard, 2005; Kotler & Keller, 2016; Solomon, 2013) and complemented by recent findings (Ortega, 2023; Ospina, 2022), it describes how the stages of need recognition, information search, evaluation of alternatives, purchase decision, and post-purchase behavior are expressed in this category. Findings reveal that absorbent paper purchases are mainly triggered by internal stimuli such as product depletion at home, while information search and evaluation are minimal and mostly limited to the point of sale, focusing on functional attributes such as price, quantity, and brand familiarity. Purchase decisions are strongly influenced by shelf visibility, immediate availability, and active promotions, while post-purchase behavior emerges as a critical factor for loyalty, directly linked to the product’s performance in daily use. This analysis enables manufacturers and retailers to optimize marketing strategies through improved packaging design, dynamic pricing, effective merchandising, and post-sale actions aimed at customer satisfaction. The study contributes both to marketing theory and business practice, demonstrating that even in low-involvement categories, purchase decisions follow a structured process that can be leveraged to enhance competitiveness and sustainability in the absorbent paper market.

Despite growing concerns about digital technology's impact on mental health, research has produced inconsistent findings, suggesting the relationship may depend more on how technology is used rather than how much. This study introduces and empirically evaluates the concept of "digital balance", defined as purposeful, goal-directed engagement with technology characterized by user agency, self-regulation, and awareness of usage boundaries, rather than passive, habitual consumption driven by external triggers or automatic behaviors. Unlike mere "intentional" use (which could describe any deliberate action to pick up a device), digital balance specifically emphasizes explicit goal-setting for engagement, conscious regulation of duration and timing, and alignment between technology use and personal values or priorities. This construct builds upon but is distinct from prior work on mindful technology use and active versus passive engagement by integrating self-regulatory and goal-alignment components within a unified framework. Using structural equation modeling with data from 842 adults (ages 18-65), we examined relationships between intentional versus passive technology use patterns across four digital domains (social media, entertainment, information seeking, and communication), attentional control, and psychological well-being. Results revealed that intentional technology use was positively associated with attentional control (β = 0.42, p < .001) and psychological well-being (β = 0.37, p < 0.001), while passive use showed negative associations with both constructs (β = -0.39, p < 0.001; β = -0.31, p < 0.001, respectively). Attentional control significantly mediated the relationship between technology use patterns and well-being. Importantly, these relationships remained significant after controlling for overall screen time, suggesting quality of engagement matters more than quantity. These findings advance theoretical understanding of healthy technology engagement and have implications for designing digital wellness interventions focused on intentional use rather than abstinence. This study was not preregistered; findings should therefore be interpreted as hypothesis-generating rather than confirmatory.

BackgroundTechnology is changing the way the world communicates and how we learn, remember, and transform information. The ascendancy of the internet has dramatically altered the landscape of health information access and seeking behaviors. This transformation is embodied by the concept of digital health literacy (DHL) and the need for interventions that improve DHL.ObjectiveThis study aims to explore readiness for DHL transformation and intervention preferences from the perspectives of patients with cancer, caregivers, and health care professionals.MethodsWe conducted semistructured telephone and on-site interviews with 19 patients with cancer, 6 caregivers, and 10 oncology health care professionals. Purposive sampling was used to recruit the participants. We followed the 7 stages of the Framework Method analysis: transcription, familiarization with the interview, coding, developing a working analytical framework, applying the analytical framework, charting the data into the framework matrix, and interpreting the data. This was used to investigate participants’ beliefs about technology adoption, their preferences for DHL training, and the facilitating conditions for adopting such training. We used a hybrid deductive-inductive approach to data analysis, starting with a priori themes and allowing emergent themes to develop as the analysis progressed. The Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology informed our data generation and analysis.ResultsThe following 6 themes emerged from the analysis: introducing technology-driven solutions, simplifying technology training materials, providing user-friendly training materials, patient-centered care, partnership, and addressing cultural and linguistic barriers. We found that patients with cancer and caregivers were self-sufficient and motivated to use new technology to improve their DHL; however, health care professionals were concerned about the reliability of online information. By mapping interview themes to the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology, we identified specific recommendations for the creation of a DHL intervention: content should be concise, easy to understand, and web-based; content should include training on how to identify reliable cancer information; patients would like to be involved in content creation in addition to medical and government stakeholders; and content should be accessible in multiple languages.ConclusionsPatients with cancer and their caregivers were motivated to use modern technology to improve cancer DHL, despite the quality issues raised by health care professionals. The participants’ preferences regarding DHL training align with the innovative microlearning pedagogy. Microlearning could leverage technology to deliver tailored DHL training for patients with cancer. Collaboration with multiple medical and nonmedical stakeholders could facilitate the delivery of cancer DHL training. Future work should focus on designing and assessing the feasibility of implementing a microlearning-based DHL training program that involves end users and diverse stakeholders.

ABSTRACT With the widespread integration of generative artificial intelligence (GenAI) into health information seeking, the prevalence of AI hallucinations necessitates effective verification behaviors. Grounded in the digital divide framework, this study investigates heterogeneous verification patterns for AI-generated health information. We surveyed 597 Chinese adult residents and identified four verifier profiles through the latent profile analysis: verifiers preferring internal verification, verifiers preferring institutional sources, verifiers preferring interpersonal sources and verifiers emphasizing multiple sources. Further analyses suggested that demographic and socioeconomic factors (gender, age, education and income) significantly predicted profile membership. Additionally, the study revealed significant outcome divides associated with individual differences in verification patterns. Specifically, verifiers emphasizing multiple sources reported the highest levels of self-efficacy in identifying AI-generated health misinformation and superior health management outcomes. Notably, verifiers preferring interpersonal sources exhibited weaker self-efficacy and worse health management outcomes compared to verifiers preferring institutional sources. These findings highlight the structural barriers underlying verification divides, offering empirical implications for designing targeted interventions to promote public verification behaviors and narrow associated digital divides.

The dynamics of transaction costs faced by Simba fish farmers in their efforts to improve household welfare are examined from an Islamic economic perspective. Transaction costs arising in production and distribution activities, such as information search costs, negotiation costs, implementation costs, licensing costs, transportation costs, and maintenance costs, often hinder farmers from obtaining optimal income. This condition has implications for the welfare of fish pond farming households, particularly in Padang Cermin Subdistrict, Pesawaran Regency, where most of the community depends on the fish pond farming sector for their livelihood. This study aims to analyse the forms and dynamics of transaction costs faced by simba fish pond farmers, assess their impact on household welfare, and review these practices based on Islamic economic principles. The research method used is a qualitative approach with field research. In this study, the primary data in Padang Cermin Subdistrict, Pesawaran Regency, consisted of 10 fish farmers. Data collection techniques were carried out through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of simba fish farmers, collectors, and related parties. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and qualitatively using an Islamic economic approach. The research method used was a qualitative approach with field research. In this study, the primary data was collected from 10 fish farmers in Padang Cermin Subdistrict, Pesawaran Regency. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation of Simba fish farmers, collectors, and related parties. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive qualitative analysis with an Islamic economic approach. The results showed that high transaction costs, mainly due to dependence on middlemen, price information asymmetry, and the weak bargaining position of farmers, had a negative impact on the welfare of fish farmers' households. From an Islamic economic perspective, unfair transaction costs that tend to harm farmers are contrary to the principles of justice (al-‘adl), benefit (maslahah), and prohibition of exploitation (zulm). Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen farmer institutions, market transparency, and the application of Islamic economic values.

The Aim of the paper is to analyse the state of the art of artificial intelligence application in Russia as regards technological dependability, as well as to propose new promising areas of research and development. Methods. The methods of contextual information search, system analysis, and dependability theory are used. Results . A review of domestic publications in the area of interest was conducted and showed the applicability of various artificial intelligence methods, in particular machine learning, to improve the dependability of various technological items. Two main t asks are identified to be solved: identification of pre failures in order to prevent failures by conducting preventive maintenance or repair; rapid detection of failures that have already occurred and their localisation. Examples of existing similar solutions are provided. The possible ways to overcome the absence of initial learning data associated with rare failures, are analysed. For more accurate prediction of failures, it is proposed to collect and use not only the parameters that characterise an examined item itself, but also environmental parameters that can also affect the condition of the item. The paper shows the relevance of studies aimed at generalized and systematic results to serve as guidelines for preferred application of certain artificial intelligence methods. New promising areas of artificial intelligence application are indicated, i.e., identifying possible common causes in cases of multiple failures, which will help reduce recovery time, and analysing the root causes of failures in order to take measures to eliminate them or reduce their future impact. Conclusion . The conducted analysis and the propose recommendations will contribute to the cross‑industry exchange of experience, the expansion and deepening of work on the use of artificial intelligence for dependability assurance and make them more practical.

Stunting remains a persistent public health concern in urban Semarang, Central Java; however, mothers’ coping processes are still weakly operationalized in prior research. While the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) offers a useful lens for understanding how people make health-related decisions, it is better understood as a social–cognitive decision-making framework than a full coping model, and the real-world links between seeking health information, responding to it, and taking action to prevent stunting have rarely been put to the test. This study set out to explore how maternal health information seeking, viewed here as a form of cognitive coping, relates to stunting prevention practices, drawing on the TRA to understand how gathering information might lead mothers to take deliberate preventive steps. A cross-sectional survey was administered to 337 mothers from Central Java, Indonesia. Structured questionnaires were used to assess health information-seeking behavior, social media utilization, family health communication, and stunting prevention practices. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and chi-square tests. Most mothers reported moderate to high information-seeking (51.6% moderate; 46.9% high) and high prevention practices (66.2%). Information seeking was strongly associated with stunting prevention practices (χ² = 98.612, df = 4, p &lt; .001). Social media use was also significantly related to information seeking (χ² = 116.428, df = 4, p &lt; .001). In addition, 73.9% received information related to stunting during pregnancy, and 90.2% reported intensive family health communication. These findings suggest that health information seeking functions as an effective cognitive coping mechanism that shapes maternal stunting prevention behaviors. Digital health interventions leveraging social media and strengthening family communication may enhance maternal coping and improve prevention outcomes in the future.

What determines One's information seeking intention: Integrating information seeking theories in the context of climate change with Korean sample