Inform Policy Implementation Research Articles

Barriers Perceived by Professionals in Family-Centered Early Intervention Services: A Systematic Review of the Current Evidence

AbstractFamily-centered services are the recommended early intervention approach to develop and deliver services for children with disabilities and their families. This systematic review aims to identify and highlight what barriers service providers in family-centered early intervention perceive that prevent them from providing high-quality services focused on the family and the child's overall well-being. We identified 37 articles that met the selection criteria of the first initial search of 1858 articles. These studies provided insights from both service providers and families. The identified barriers were categorized into eight dimensions: family, child, knowledge, and application of the approach/model, professional beliefs, natural environment, service coordination, working conditions, and current legislation. The main barriers identified were family barriers, insecurities perceived by professionals and difficulties in their ability to provide services, changes in their attitudes and behaviors when they perceive that they are losing their role as experts, lack of knowledge and application of specific practices, and lack of skills needed to engage primary caregivers in natural settings. These findings should inform policy implementation at local and state levels in countries where family-centered service is established in early childhood programs.

Interethnic communications in the formation and implementation of state information policy

The article examines the problems of interethnic communications in the context of changing state information policy and from the point of view of the increasing impact of mass media on social processes in the world. The author introduces the concept of pseudo-communication used by subjects of the global information space, in particular, within the framework of information confrontation. Analyzing the space of political communication, the author draws attention to its saturation with information noise, verbal aggression, which creates problems and barriers in the process of communication between states. These problems are no less characteristic of interethnic communications, that is, for the processes of interaction with certain ethnic groups or between them. Noting the growth of the ethnic factor in modern political processes, the author calls for taking into account the range of problems inherent in interethnic communications at the present stage of their development, in the formation and practical implementation of the state information policy, which should respond to the needs and interests of society, taking into account the cultural and ethnic diversity of its representatives.

Эволюция информационной политики судебных органов власти: этапы, особенности правового регулирования

The article examines the evolution of the information policy of the judiciary in the context of reforming the judicial system in post-Soviet Russia. Based on a systematic approach, a retrospective study of the formation and development of the information policy of judicial authorities in Russian society in the context of legal regulation was carried out and the author’s approach to highlighting the stages of its institutionalization in connection with the adoption of regulatory documents is presented: the first stage (1991‒2000) is pre-institutional, which is characterized by the emergence of information activities of the judicial system; the second stage (2001‒2018) ‒ the initial stage of institutionalization of the information policy of the judicial authorities; the third stage ‒ (from 2019 to the present) characterizes the formation of the information policy of the judicial system in Russia. The article provides a detailed description of each stage, identifies the factors that influenced their development, and explores the peculiarities of legal regulation and associated challenges. The study also presents findings from research on the implementation of information activities and policies, conducted by the authors using materials from the Arbitration Court of the Novosibirsk Region in 2010 and 2024 in a monitoring mode. The significance of this research lies in systematizing the known facts and phenomena characteristic of the period under study, allowing for an analysis of the transformation of judicial information activities into a coherent information policy and offering a fresh perspective on its implementation in modern Russia.

Global Information Management Strategy Driven by IT

This paper explores the strategy of global information management driven by IT. Firstly, the concept and characteristics of global information are introduced, emphasizing the flow and exchange of information on a global scale. Then, the pivotal role of IT in driving global information management is discussed, including providing efficient communication and collaboration tools, supporting global business processes, and managing data. Subsequently, an IT-driven global information management strategy is proposed, encompassing the establishment of a global information architecture, implementation of unified information management standards and policies, and strengthening data security and privacy protection measures. Finally, the future development trends of IT-driven global information management are outlined, and a summary of the paper is provided.

Кластер как сетевой механизм региональных постиндустриальных экономических систем

The study is aimed at the addition of theoretical and methodological provisions related to the features of the development of the post-industrial economic mechanism. The need for supplementing the provisions with an interpretation of the cluster approach in the development of the economic mechanism of post-industrial systems, clarifying its economic significance and proposing on its basis practical mechanisms for implementing the information economy is justified. As a mechanism, it is proposed to create an intersectoral cluster structure that contributes to the development of the process of informatization of industrial sectors. With the help of the proposed mechanism, it is possible to provide methodological and practical tools for the implementation of information policy and the development of informatization based on the cluster approach.

Developing a National Longitudinal Tobacco Cohort of Youth and Young Adults: The Tobacco Epidemic Evaluation Network (TEEN+) Study.

Timely and relevant data are critical to monitoring the rapidly changing youth vaping epidemic and for understanding the prevalence, patterns of use, knowledge, and perceptions of tobacco products. While e-cigarettes have been the most used tobacco product among youth for nearly a decade, new nicotine delivery products continue to be introduced to the US market. Flavored tobacco products, including flavored e-cigarettes, menthol cigarettes, and flavored cigars, drive disparities in use by young people. To examine tobacco use among youth and young adults, the Monitoring E-Cigarette Use among Youth project established a longitudinal cohort of youth and young adults (13-24)-the Tobacco Epidemic Evaluation Network (TEEN+) study. TEEN+ focuses on e-cigarette and other tobacco products use and also includes questions about other substance use (eg, marijuana, alcohol), physical health, mental health, and social determinants of health (eg, discrimination, poverty, sexual and gender identity). Geocoding of responses allows for the evaluation of local tobacco control policies. The cohort includes an oversample of California residents to generate reliable and representative state-level estimates. This manuscript provides an overview of methods and baseline demographics from Wave 1. The initial Wave 1 TEEN+ cohort included 10 255 in the national sample and 2761 in the California sample. TEEN+ study data complement nationally-representative cross-sectional studies and allow for rapid evaluation of local and state policies. This manuscript describes the study's probability-based sample recruitment. Furthermore, we identify this initiative as a resource for evaluating the impact of flavored tobacco restriction policies and informing policy implementation efforts. This manuscript provides an overview of the methodology and baseline characteristics for a new longitudinal cohort of youth and young adults, the Tobacco Epidemic Evaluation Network (TEEN+) study. The TEEN+ study data can be used to evaluate the impact of flavored tobacco product restriction policies and informing policy implementation efforts.

The Role of the Transformation of Public Legal Consciousness during Legitimation of the European integration of Ukraine

The transformation of public legal consciousness during the legitimation of the European integration of Ukraine is key in ensuring the legal system’s effectiveness and determining the vector of further socio-economic development. The legitimation of European integration involves the implementation of state management and the implementation of information policy for the legitimacy of the vector of development based on the perception of socio-political opinion. The article aims to determine the level of development of public legal awareness during the European integration of Ukraine. The research employed empirical methods — surveys and forecasting. The work revealed a positive trend of the European integration of Ukraine and a positive perception of this process by society. The results regarding the negative trend of mass media perception at the level of 50% of public trust are interpreted, which requires improvement of the information policy. A promising direction for further research is conducting a correlational analysis based on the Trust in Media and the Rule of Law Index.

Implementation of Information and Communication Technology Innovation Policy through E-Government in Public Services

The development of information and communication technology encourages changes in community activities in various sectors. One of them is in the public service sector brought by the government through e-government. This research aims to discover how information and communication technology innovation policies are implemented through e-government in public services. The method used in this research is Systematic Literature Review (SLR) from the Google Scholar site within the year of 2012-2023. From the search results, a selection process was performed, resulting in 20 journals for analysis. The research results show that many of the current researchers are focusing on e-government, specifically regarding public services at the local government level. Interviews and observations are widely used data collection techniques. Elements that help the implementation of e-authorities offerings in public offerings are supported via way of means of a organized bureaucratic structure, making plans and a centralized and ok system. Obstacles for the implementation of e-authorities offerings in public offerings are encouraged via way of means of the exceptional of human resources, incomplete making plans, the exceptional of centers and infrastructure, and public recognition of e-authorities itself

Общественное доверие как управленческий ресурс в системе органов внутренних дел

The object of the problem studied in the article is public trust in the internal affairs bodies of the Russian Federation. The subject of the study is public trust as a resource that police leaders can use in managerial activities to achieve the goals of the territorial bodies of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia. An interdisciplinary approach combining sociological science and management sciences is used as a research methodology. Systemic, structural-functional, and communication approaches and the theory of resource dependence have made it possible to comprehensively consider the key role of a public trust resource in improving the effectiveness of the police. The article notes that the system of internal affairs bodies consists of organizations characterized by the presence of a management structure and coordinated actions of people focused on achieving a common goal. Turning to the theory of resource dependence, the author notes that the achievement of the goals of territorial internal affairs bodies depends on such an external resource as the public trust of citizens. The use of a public trust resource allows the police to minimize the antisocial behavior of citizens, establish relations of cooperation with citizens living in the serviced territory, and build a partnership model of relations with civil society institutions. The paper presents the author's structure of the phenomenon of public trust, which includes institutional and interpersonal trust. The blocks of interpersonal trust consist of trust acquired in the process of primary socialization, trust acquired by experience (personal interaction), and trust based on social reality. The author notes that public trust is the specific resource that ensures the effectiveness of the activities of the internal affairs bodies and, at the same time, needs targeted managerial influence from the law enforcement structure. The main directions of the police to strengthen public trust include: the expansion of propaganda work among children; the involvement of the younger generation in volunteer movements; the development of the cadet movement; and the creation of a new approach to the implementation of information policy in the Internet space.

Pragmatic randomized controlled trial comparing a complex telemedicine-based intervention with usual care in patients with chronic conditions

This study evaluates a complex telemedicine-based intervention targeting patients with chronic health problems. Computer tablets and home telemonitoring devices are used by patients to report point-of-care measurements, e.g., blood pressure, blood glucose or oxygen saturation, and to answer health-related questions at a follow-up center. We designed a pragmatic randomized controlled trial to compare the telemedicine-based intervention with usual care in six local centers in Norway. The study outcomes included health-related quality of life (HRQoL) based on the EuroQol questionnaire (EQ-5D-5L), patient experiences, and utilization of healthcare. We also conducted a cost–benefit analysis to inform policy implementation, as well as a process evaluation (reported elsewhere). We used mixed methods to analyze data collected during the trial (health data, survey data and interviews with patients and health personnel) as well as data from national health registers. 735 patients were included during the period from February 2019 to June 2020. One year after inclusion, the effects on the use of healthcare services were mixed. The proportion of patients receiving home-based care services declined, but the number of GP contacts increased in the intervention group compared to the control group. Participants in the intervention group experienced improved HRQoL compared to the control group and were more satisfied with the follow-up of their health. The cost–benefit of the intervention depends largely on the design of the service and the value society places on improved safety and self-efficacy.

Inclusive education and related policies in special needs schools in South Africa.

Post-apartheid, the education system shifted its focus from a segregated education system to an inclusive education system, which resulted in greater consideration of the role and function of special needs schools. In 2014 the National Department of Basic Education developed and implemented an inclusive approach and policies to provide guidelines on the running of special needs schools (SNS). The study was conducted in six SNS in Ekurhuleni South District, South Africa. The study explored the experiences of teachers and healthcare workers when implementing policies in SNS in the study area. This exploratory qualitative study used purposive sampling to select 13 teachers and healthcare workers for in-depth interviews. Collected data were analysed using inductive thematic analysis and ATLAS-ti version 23. Teachers and healthcare workers had different working experiences and understandings about inclusive education and policies, as well as their role in implementing these policies. Experienced challenges included lack of training, limited resources, lack of parental support, issues with differentiated curriculum, an unacceptable teaching environment; and poor referral systems. These challenges evoked strategies such as improvising, collaborating, and referring. Participants indicated that they required further training, resources, and support to successfully implement inclusive policies. Both teachers and healthcare workers agreed that resources were lacking at all SNS represented. Staff training was urgently needed as the current curricula at SNS were differentiated for learners with physical and intellectual disabilities. Findings may inform policy implementation and change in SNS.

YAKUT TELEVISION IN USSR: FACTORS OF FORMATION, INFRASTRUCTURE, INFORMATION POLICY

The article considers the process of organization and development of television in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in USSR from the establishment of the fi rst TV studio to the collapse of the USSR (1961-1991). It is the fi rst attempt to describe the factors of the appearance of television, the organization of infrastructure and activities of a television studio in the national republic in the conditions of party-state policy. The purpose of the article is to identify the conditions, stages, features of the organization and development of Yakut television. Also we have a goal to determine the content and forms of information policy implementation in the Soviet period. To achieve the goal, empirical research methods were used: analysis of archival documents, statistical and literary sources, periodical materials.Basing on archival documents, we identifi ed three stages of technological development of regional television: the 1960s - material and technical base establishment, training, mastering television genres, techniques and technologies of live broadcasting; the 1970s‒1980s – infrastructure development, Union-wide centralized broadcasting network establishment, the emergence of satellite and color television, the introduction of video recording and linear installation, organization of belt broadcasting throughout the country; The late 1980s and early 1990s saw the abandonment of fi lm news technologies, the use of linear and nonlinear editing, and the testing of new video formats.In Soviet times, television employees were tasked with the ideological, political, cultural and aesthetic education of the population by promoting achievements in all areas of the country’s life. According to archival data, Yakut television sought to cover various socially signifi cant topics in the fi eld of foreign and domestic policy, labor achievements, history, culture, art, health and sports. The broadcast was conducted in Yakut and Russian. The main genres were news, reports and conversations in the studio. For 30 years, the creative teams of the TV studio have managed to create samples of serious TV journalism, art productions, documentaries and feature fi lms. During the years of “perestroika”, the Yakut TV Studio set a course to strengthen regional identity and form national culture.

Assessing the effectiveness of the state information policy of the Russian Federation in the field of increasing the level of trust in financial institutions: regional aspect

This article is dedicated to elaboration and testing of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of state information policy in the field of increasing the level of public trust in financial institutions at the regional level. Based on the practice-oriented concept of state information policy in the field of increasing public confidence in financial institutions, the main theoretical principles and criteria were analyzed. A system of indicators to assess the effectiveness of this state information policy at the regional level was also presented. The conducted cluster and correlation analysis of the regions of the Central Federal District made it possible to rank them according to the level of socio-economic well-being, which allowed us to identify the Lipetsk, Ryazan and Moscow regions as objects for further testing of the elaborated methodology. In the proposed methodology, effectiveness assessment indicators were grouped into four blocks: 1) strategic planning and programming; 2) methodological and personnel support; 3) implementation of information policy; 4) effectiveness of government programs. The application of a methodology for assessing the effectiveness of state information policy measures in the field of increasing public confidence in financial institutions in the regions showed its average level in all three regions we selected. It was concluded that regions should more flexibly and effectively distribute their activities across all components and stages of the implementation of information policy, from planning (including long-term planning) for the implementation of these functions, to organizing monitoring of the effectiveness of ongoing activities.

Независимость судебной власти: этика и медиа

The image of the judiciary has an independent value characteristic. In the case of the formation of social representations by the judiciary, we are talking about legal meanings, the legal form of perception of reality through the implementation of judicial information policy, the presentation of the judicial community in the public space, the actions of judges and their public assessment by the judicial community itself and the society as a whole. Mediatisation of social space and the judiciary emphasises issues that seem to be related to the private sphere of a judge’s life – that is, his participation in social networks. The society is interested in the ethics of a judge from the point of view of the possibility of making higher demands to the bearer of power. But to what extent it is justified and whether ethics in general changes in the postmodern society are questions, the answers to which may affect the further development of the judiciary as an institution and its legitimisation in society.

An integrated quantitative and qualitative approach for landslide susceptibility mapping in West Sikkim district, Indian Himalaya

Landslides rank as the third most common natural disaster globally, and the Indian Himalaya Region is no exception, experiencing severe impacts during the rainy season. This study focuses on creating a comparative landslide susceptibility map for the West Sikkim district in India using probabilistic and heuristic approaches. The frequency ratio (FR) and information value (IV) methods are employed for the probabilistic approach, while the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) is used for the heuristic approach. Eleven factors are considered in the analysis. The resulting landslide susceptibility (LS) map demonstrates accuracies of 77% for FR, 74% for IV, and 57% for AHP methods. Preliminary qualitative risk assessment is conducted, incorporating building and population density, as population and buildings are the most vulnerable elements in the society. The LS map with the highest accuracy (from FR) serves as the landslide potential factor, combined with building and population density as the risk damage potential factors for risk zonation. The resulting risk zonation map classifies the study area into high-risk (3%), medium-risk (14%), and low-risk (83%) zones. This study primarily addresses the 3% high-risk area where landslides pose a significant threat to population and infrastructure, aiming to inform policy implementation and mitigation measures.

Health equity implementation expectations and challenges in a multi-level system reform initiative

Abstract Background Within Australia, a system reforming place-based initiative across an area the size of Spain is being implemented. The aim is to expand community-based care models and reduce hospital demand. As COVID-19 demonstrated, sustainability of healthy societies requires a health equity focus across all stages of health reform. Despite central equity principles, pressures risk diminishing this goal as policy is translated into practice across system levels. This initiative is a perfect case study opportunity to inform policy implementation through understanding operationalisation challenges and protections across a multi-level system. Methods 18 semi-structured interviews were conducted in 2022 and 2023 with a purposive sample of senior policy executives, program managers and clinicians across partner organisations and the NSW Ministry of Health. An iterative interview process captured perspectives across system levels as the program was progressively implemented. Interviews were analysed using an inductive constant comparative approach. Results Preliminary findings indicate tensions that impact on realising equity goals. Key tension points exist between levels of operationalisation. These can manifest as perceived trade-offs between health equity and efficiency; place-based reforms that put downward pressure on resource challenged local services to manage equity; and funding models that discourage access. Tension mitigation is partially achieved through leadership commitment, community building, and ring-fenced equity funds. The shared equity understanding in rural areas is also a protective factor. Conclusions While local mitigation factors can protect equity goal preservation, we recommend consideration towards building alignments across system levels. This can include aligning leadership goals and designated funding streams across levels. Further opportunities not often captured in the interviews exist, including aligning accountability and monitoring processes. Key messages • Mitigation strategies exist to overcome inherent system tensions that impact on reforms achieving equity goals. While these can be partially achieved at one level, multi-level alignment is critical. • Shared leadership goals and designated funding streams can support overcome health equity tensions during implementation of reform initiatives, and would be supported by multi-level system alignment.

Information policy as a resource for state management

This article examines the multifaceted nature of information policy and the key role played by various social institutions in its formation and implementation. It also explores the participation of political parties, movements and associations of citizens as key actors responsible for the formation and implementation of information policy. In addition, the authors analyze the significant influence of political parties on state power in matters of information policy, citing examples from such modern countries as Russia and the United States. The enduring importance of political parties as vital social institutions is recognized, their role in the information space and their impact on society when coming to power are discussed. The mechanisms of relations between the institutions of state power and the mass media are studied, and their characteristics are given, taking into account the interests of both sides in the field of modern communications. The main directions of using public relations for political reasons by governing bodies are highlighted, taking into account the increased expectations of social responsibility, activity and consciousness on the part of other participants in the political process and civil society. The effective management of the process of institutionalization of information policy is considered.

Closing special schools: lessons from Canada

Many countries grapple with the tension between commitment to inclusive education reform and the closure of special schools. This tension is particularly problematic for countries, like Australia, that have ratified the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD). The CRPD is clear that closing special schools is pivotal to protecting the rights of students with disability to an inclusive education. Some provinces in Canada are considered to be leaders in the movement away from segregated education for students with disability. This paper reports on a critical review of the Canadian literature to develop a conceptual framework of drivers for, and barriers to special school closure. Drivers and barriers were identified at four levels: (1) societal level; (2) system level; (3) school level and (4) community level, with implications for each discussed. The findings will inform policy implementation in countries striving to meet their CRPD obligations.

Implementasi Kebijakan Pelayanan Informasi dan Dokumentasi dalam Meningkatkan Pelayanan Humas pada BPSDM Provinsi Sumatera Utara

The objectives to be achieved are to know and analyze about: Implementation of Information and documentation service policies in improving Public Relations Services at the Human Resources Development Agency of North Sumatra Province and what factors support and hinder it. . This research uses a type of qualitative research that focuses on the Implementation of Information and Documentation Service Policies in Improving Public Relations Services at the Human Resources Development Agency by focusing on the flow of services and personnel willingness and competence in providing information and documentation for the public. In the framework of the Implementation of Information and Documentation Services in Improving Public Relations Services, it becomes a supporting element for BPSDM Nort Sumatra Province in carrying out its activities as a training institution that creates Professional, Trustworthy and Dignified ASN. Implementation at the Human Resource Development Board of North Sumatra Province needs overall support and commitment to get better results. This is demonstrated by the leadership's commitment to improving the performance and competence of personnel in managing information and documentation in improving public relations services. The inhibiting factors in terms of communication, resources, disposition and bureaucratic structure make it a consideration for BPSDM Nort Sumatra Province to continue to strive to implement personnel performance and competence improvement programs in managing Information and Documentation in Improving Public Relations Services through collaborative planning, budgeting, implementation, evaluation and reporting as a whole.

E-cigarette Device Type, Source, and Use Behaviors of Youth and Young Adults: Findings from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort (2020–2021)

Background: E-cigarette device types vary in the amount of nicotine delivered to users. Given that youth and young adults are using pod-based and disposable e-cigarettes with high nicotine concentrations, it is important to determine how e-cigarette use behaviors associated with nicotine dependence may differ across e-cigarette device type. Methods: Baseline information was collected from September 2020 to March 2021 and follow-up information was collected from July to October 2021 from the Truth Longitudinal Cohort. The final analytic sample included respondents (aged 15–24) who reported current use of e-cigarettes at either baseline or follow-up and provided information on the 4-item E-cigarette Dependence Scale (EDS). Differences in endorsement of items from the EDS by e-cigarette device type (pod-based, disposable, or tank) were assessed using chi-square tests. Results: Participants (N = 308) were evenly split on age (15–20, 21+) and gender. Most 15–20-year-olds used disposable e-cigarettes, while those 21+ years primarily used tank devices. Although EDS score did not differ by e-cigarette device type, positive endorsement of two items from the EDS significantly differed by e-cigarette device type. More tank users endorsed reaching for a device without thinking about it (tank: 92.6%; pod-based: 79.0%; disposables: 79.9%, p = 0.04) and vaping more before going into a situation where vaping is not allowed (tank: 92.9%; pod-based: 71.0%; disposables: 73.0%, p < 0.01). Conclusions: Findings have the potential to inform policy implementation by providing evidence for specific targets for regulatory action that can help to reduce the burdens of e-cigarette use among youth and young adults, as results suggest that tank device users are more likely to endorse use behaviors associated with nicotine dependence.