Inflammatory Profile Research Articles

Characteristics in patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion and the impact on immune, coagulation, and inflammatory profiles

Objective Unexplained Recurrent Spontaneous Abortion (RSA) impacts the physical and psychological well-being of women of reproductive age. This study aimed to reveal the potential mechanisms behind unexplained RSA from the perspective of glucose and lipid metabolic profiles before conception and their relationship with immune, coagulation, and inflammatory markers. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 100 patients with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion at our gynecology department from June 2022 to June 2023. According to whether abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism exist, patients were grouped into normal group and abnormal group. The study compared the glucose and lipid metabolic characteristics, immune status, coagulation, and inflammatory parameters between two groups. Results The Abnormal Group exhibited higher fasting blood glucose, 2-hour oral glucose tolerance test, homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance, total cholesterol, and LDL cholesterol, along with lower levels of HDL cholesterol. Additionally, alterations in immune profile parameters, including lower levels of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, B cells, NK cells, and elevated IL-6, were observed in the Abnormal Group. Regarding coagulation and inflammatory profile parameters, the Abnormal Group demonstrated prolonged prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, elevated fibrinogen and D-dimer levels, and increased platelet count, along with elevated C-reactive protein, TNF-α, and IL-1β levels. Correlation analysis revealed significant associations between the pre-pregnancy metabolic characteristics and immune, coagulation, and inflammatory profile parameters. Conclusion Abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism may lead to or exacerbate unexplained RSA in some patients, and therapeutic interventions targeting glucose and lipid metabolism hold promise for improving pregnancy outcomes in this population.

Financial stress and sleep duration in immune and neuroendocrine patterning. An analytical triangulation in ELSA.

Financial stress and sleep duration in immune and neuroendocrine patterning. An analytical triangulation in ELSA.

Microbiological, Inflammatory and Clinical Outcome of Citric Acid Passivated Definitive Abutments: Interim 12-Month Results From a Randomised Controlled Clinical Trial.

To assess the efficacy of citric acid passivation on implant abutments by evaluating their impact on bacterial load, microbiome composition, inflammatory response, and clinical and radiographic outcomes compared with control abutments over a 12-month follow-up period. Implants were placed subcrestally in the posterior sextants and randomly assigned to receive a 2-mm high definitive abutment, either with citric acid passivation (CA group) or without (CTR group). Final restorations were delivered after 12 weeks. Samples of the peri-implant crevicular fluid were collected at 3, 6 and 12 months for microbiological and inflammatory analysis. Clinical and radiographic measurements were also performed at these intervals. The primary outcome was total bacterial quantification (log CFU/mL). Data from 17 patients in the CA group and 16 in the CTR group were analysed. At 12 months, there were no significantdifferences in total bacterial load between groups (p = 0.689). The biofilm was predominantly composed of commensal bacterial genera in both groups throughout the study period. Although no significant differences were observedin the microbiome alpha- and beta-diversity (p > 0.05), the microbiome within study time points showed an increased beta-diversity in the CA group at 12 months (p = 0.019). CA abutments also showed a higher differential abundance of peri-implant pathogenic bacterial genera at 12 months. At the 6-month mark, the CA group exhibited a trend toward lower IL-1β levels compared with the CTR group (p = 0.072). No significant differences were noted in other clinical or radiographic parameters. Citric acid passivation of definitive abutments does not enhance the microbiological or inflammatory profiles in the short term. Further studies are needed to explore the potential benefits of citric acid passivation on implant abutments. Initially registered on clinicatrials.gov (NCT05592327).

Determinants of late metastases in renal cell carcinoma

Abstract The mechanisms underlying metastatic latency in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) remain poorly understood. This study evaluated two large independent cohorts for differences in tumor biology between patients who developed metastases early (≤1 year after nephrectomy) and those with late-onset (>3 years). In the discovery cohort (n = 161), late-metastatic RCC (late-mRCC) was associated with clear cell histology (88.9% vs 78.7%), lower pathological stage (pT1-2; 40.3% vs 18.0%), and favorable histopathological features including low grade (40.0% vs 2.3%), less sarcomatoid (5.6% vs 21.8%), and reduced necrosis (37.7% vs 78.3%; all p < .02). Late-mRCC tumors exhibited increased angiogenesis (63.5% vs 19.4%) and reduced inflammation (78.8% vs 50.0%; all p < .02) profiles. Genomic driver analyses revealed comparable rates of PBRM1 and SETD2 loss in both late- and early-mRCC, while BAP1 loss was significantly less common in late-mRCC (7.5% vs 27.1%; p < .02). In multivariable models, BAP1/PBRM1/SETD2 status and tumor necrosis emerged as key discriminators of late-mRCC. These findings were confirmed in the second cohort (n = 307). Late-mRCC was enriched for fatty acid oxidation and angiogenesis pathways, supporting a less aggressive phenotype. This was further evidenced by a lower engraftment rate in murine models (0% vs 36.5%; p < .001) and significantly longer overall survival from the time of metastasis (median survival doubled, p < .001). Interestingly, late-mRCC shared genomic and phenotypic features with RCC that metastasizes to the pancreas, suggesting a common underlying biology that influences both metastatic latency and pancreatic tropism. Overall, these findings advocate for recognition of late-mRCC, due to its distinct biology and improved prognosis.

Coinfection with bacterial pathogens and genetic modification of PRRSV-2 for suppression of NF-κB and attenuation of proinflammatory responses.

Coinfection with bacterial pathogens and genetic modification of PRRSV-2 for suppression of NF-κB and attenuation of proinflammatory responses.

Nasal biomarker inflammatory profile in response to intranasal corticosteroids in pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome.

Nasopharyngeal inflammation contributes to pediatric obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS). Intranasal corticosteroids (INCS) are used to treat pediatric OSAS; a randomized controlled trial (RCT) showed an improvement in OSAS symptoms but without polysomnography or neurobehavioral outcome differences. There is a lack of data demonstrating an objective decrease in the nasal inflammatory biomarker profile (NIBP) associated with INCS. Hence, we evaluated the association of NIBP and response to INCS. Secondary analysis of a RCT of INCS versus placebo in pediatric OSAS (n=134). The difference in intranasal biomarkers (IL-4, IL-13, TNF-alpha) between the groups after 3 and 12 months was evaluated. The association of the NIBP and response to INCS was assessed. Multiple regression analysis was performed to identify clinical predictors of response to INCS. There were no statistically significant differences in the nasal IL-4, IL-13 and TNF-alpha levels between INCS and placebo groups after 3 and 12 months of treatment. Within the INCS group, there was no statistically significant change in the nasal IL-4, IL-13 and TNF-alpha levels after 3 months of therapy based on responder status. However, among those who received INCS, obesity and a higher obstructive apnea-hypopnea index (OAHI) at baseline were clinical predictors of greater OAHI after three months (p = 0.038 and 0.002, respectively). INCS did not affect the NIBP in children with OSAS, including the responders. In addition, INCS is not recommended as a treatment option in children with obesity or high OAHI at baseline. Name: Steroids for Pediatric Apnea Research in Kids (SPARK); URL: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT02180672; Identifier: NCT02180672.

Association between serum levels of inflammatory mediators and periodontitis severity in people with down syndrome.

Association between serum levels of inflammatory mediators and periodontitis severity in people with down syndrome.

Biochemical differences based on sex and clusters of biomarkers in patients with COVID-19: analysis from the CARDIO COVID 19–20 registry

BackgroundThe inflammatory response associated with COVID-19 varies with sex, potentially affecting disease outcomes. Males have a higher risk of complications compared to females, requiring an evaluation of differences in inflammatory response severity based on sex.ObjectiveTo compare clinical data, biochemical biomarkers, and outcomes among hospitalized COVID-19 patients in Latin America and the Caribbean (LA&C) based on sex and to perform a cluster analysis of biomarker profiles for both sexes.MethodsThis prospective, multicenter observational registry made by the Inter-American Council of Heart Failure and Pulmonary Hypertension of the Inter-American Society of Cardiology included hospitalized COVID-19 patients from 44 hospitals in 14 countries in LA&C between May 1, 2020, and June 30, 2021.ResultsOf 3,260 patients (1,201 females and 2,059 males), males had higher C-reactive protein and ferritin levels, while females had higher natriuretic peptides and d-dimer levels. Males had more cardiovascular complications (acute coronary syndrome [3.3% vs. 2.2%], decompensated heart failure [8.9% vs. 7.8%], pulmonary embolism [4.4% vs. 2.9%]), intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (56.9% vs. 47.7%), and overall mortality (27.5% vs. 22.1%). Cluster analysis identified three groups: one with normal-range biomarkers but elevated ferritin, one with coagulation abnormalities, and one with an inflammatory profile linked to renal injury and increased non-cardiovascular mortality.ConclusionsIn the LA&C population hospitalized with COVID-19, males had higher inflammatory biomarker levels, correlating with increased cardiovascular complications and mortality. The cluster with an inflammatory profile showed higher non-cardiovascular mortality, while clusters with elevated ferritin levels were associated with increased ICU admissions.

Study protocol for a prospective natural history registry investigating the relationships between inflammatory markers and disease progression in retinitis pigmentosa: the RP-PRIMARY study.

Study protocol for a prospective natural history registry investigating the relationships between inflammatory markers and disease progression in retinitis pigmentosa: the RP-PRIMARY study.

Pelvic peritoneal endometriosis is linked to the endometrial inflammatory profile: a prospective cohort study

BackgroundPelvic endometriosis is an estrogen-driven inflammatory syndrome of unknown origin that alters the peritoneal microenvironment and likely impairs endometrial receptivity, adversely affecting fertility. Chronic endometritis (CE) may be a potential contributing factor to reduced endometrial receptivity in endometriosis. The aim of the study was to analyze the correlation between pelvic endometriosis and CE.MethodsThe study included women undergoing laparoscopy for suspected pelvic endometriosis, and each underwent endometrial aspiration biopsy for CE. The stage of endometriosis was assessed intraoperatively, and CE activity was evaluated histopathologically and immunohistochemically. The associations between selected clinical characteristics of the disease and the density of endometrial plasma cells, immunohistochemical status, and histopathological profile of the endometrium were analyzed.ResultsStage III endometriosis reduced the risk of the inflammatory immunohistochemical profile by 80% (OR = 0.18, p = 0.037) when compared to Stage I. Peritoneal endometriosis was associated with a 3.429-fold increase in the risk of the immunohistochemical endometrial inflammatory profile (OR = 3.429, p = 0.038). No significant associations were found between the clinical features of the disease and plasma cell density or the histopathological profile of the endometrium (all p values > 0.05). No significant differences were observed in IVF use (p = 0.67), pregnancy rates (p = 1), or live birth rates (p = 0.41) between infertile women with and without CE.ConclusionsShould peritoneal endometriosis be diagnosed during a laparoscopy conducted for the treatment of infertility, it is advisable to obtain an endometrial biopsy for CE evaluation, as this may enhance the efficacy of the therapeutic approach. The hypothetical link between pelvic endometriosis-related inflammation, its clinical manifestations, and CE requires further investigation. The lack of a noninvasive marker for endometriosis and its grade limits the study results due to reliance on surgical cases, highlighting the need for advanced research in the field of noninvasive diagnostic tools.Trial registrationNCT05824507 (registered April 20, 2023).

Short-chain fatty acids in multiple sclerosis: Associated with disability, number of T2 lesions, and inflammatory profile.

An alteration in the composition of the intestinal microbiota has been observed in patients with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) with respect to healthy controls (HC). Microorganism-derived metabolites such as short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) have been suggested to play a role in the disease. Thus, to analyze the association of SCFA with clinical and radiological parameters of the disease and with those related to the inflammatory response of the immune system. Multicentric observational retrospective cross-sectional study. In addition 161 pwMS and 130 HC were included. The following plasma SCFA were analyzed using liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry: acetate (AA), propionate (PA) and butyrate (BA). Blood cell subpopulations and cytokine expression were analyzed by flow cytometry. Plasma PA and PA/AA ratio was lower in pwMS than in HC (P = 0.0001, and P = 0.00005, respectively). PA/AA and BA/AA ratios were lower in pwMS with higher disability (P = 0.001, and P = 0.001, respectively). T2 lesion load inversely correlated with PA/AA (r = -0.353; P = 0.002) and BA/AA (r = -0.322; P = 0.005) ratios. Plasma PA/AA and/or BA/AA ratios negatively correlated with the following pro-inflammatory cytokines producing cells: GM-CSF+CD4+T, GM-CSF+CD8+T, TNF-alpha+CD4+T, TNF-alpha+CD8+T, IFN-gamma+CD4+T, IFN-gamma+CD8+T, and TNF-alpha+B cells. In MS, plasma PA/AA and BA/AA ratios are unbalanced, promoting an environment that could be boosting the mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of the disease. Since we have found statistical significant associations with the EDSS and the number of T2 lesions, but not with the number of relapses or gadolinium enhancing lesions, PA/AA and BA/AA ratios could be more associated with those mechanisms of the disease related to the neurodegenerative processes than those related with the activity of the disease.

Inflammatory profiles in sputum and blood of people with TB with and without HIV coinfection.

Inflammatory profiles in sputum and blood of people with TB with and without HIV coinfection.

SPECIALIZED PRO-RESOLVING MEDIATOR MARESIN 1 ATTENUATES PAIN IN A MOUSE MODEL OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

SPECIALIZED PRO-RESOLVING MEDIATOR MARESIN 1 ATTENUATES PAIN IN A MOUSE MODEL OF OSTEOARTHRITIS

Dynamic Inflammatory and Nutritional Profiles in Preoperative Risk Stratification for Elderly Patients [Letter

Dynamic Inflammatory and Nutritional Profiles in Preoperative Risk Stratification for Elderly Patients [Letter

Buprenorphine induces human fetal membrane sterile inflammation.

Buprenorphine induces human fetal membrane sterile inflammation.

Peripheral Inflammation Profile of Cerebellar Ataxia.

The objective of this study is to determine the characteristics of peripheral inflammatory profiles and their correlations with the clinical features in patients with cerebellar ataxia. We conducted a cross-sectional study on a cohort of 140 cerebellar ataxia patients, including 74 patients with spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA), 66 patients with multiple system atrophy with predominant cerebellar ataxia (MSA-C), and 145 healthy controls (HCs). Inflammatory profiles (PLT, MPV, NLR, PLR, MLR, SII, AISI and ESR) were measured in peripheral blood, and were compared by ANOVA and Kruskal-Wallis test. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under curve (AUC) were performed to determine the sensitivity and specificity of the inflammatory markers. Spearman correlation and partial correlation analysis were performed to detect the association between inflammatory profiles and clinical scales in cerebellar ataxia. Inflammatory profiles from peripheral blood showed significant difference between different groups. Significant variations were observed in MPV, NLR, MLR, SII, AISI and ESR between cerebellar ataxia and HCs groups (p<0.05). NLR and ESR in both SCA and MSA-C groups were increased compared with HCs (p<0.05). The difference of MHR between SCA and MSA-C groups was observed based on HDL variation (p<0.05). The combination of ESR and PLT distinguished SCA from MSA-C (AUC=0.800). In addition, MLR was significantly corelated with clinical scales, including SARA and ICARS in SCA group as well as UMSARS and FAB in MSA-C group (r>0.3/r<-0.3). Significant variation in peripheral inflammatory profiles was firstly identified in Chinese genetic ataxias and non-genetic cerebellar ataxia cohort, which showed the potential clinical correlations between peripheral inflammatory phenotype and severity of ataxia.

Relationship between hematological, inflammatory and lipid profile in newly diagnosed hypertensive patient in Ogbomosho, Southwest, Nigeria

Introduction: Hypertension is a multifaceted cardiovascular condition and one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality globally. Emerging evidence highlights the interconnected roles of hematological, inflammatory, and biochemical parameters in the pathophysiology of hypertension. Despite the abundance of global data, the relationships between these parameters may vary across populations due to differences in genetic predisposition, environmental exposures, lifestyle factors, and healthcare access. In view of the above background, we investigated the relationship between those parameters among the inhabitants of Ogbomosho, in Oyo state, Nigeria. Methodology: A hospital based cross-sectional study was carried out at LAUTECH Teaching Hospital, Ogbomosho between May to December, 2024. A total of 160 newly diagnosed hypertensive (NDHTN) and 80 apparently healthy non-hypertensive individuals were recruited for the study, their socio-demographic and clinical data were gathered using questionnaire. About 7 mL of blood were divided into EDTA, citrated and plain specimen bottles. Standard laboratory techniques were appropriately adopted for the estimation of various parameters. Continuous and categorical data were expressed in mean ± SD and percentage respectively, and compared using Student’s t-test and Fisher exact test respectively. SPSS version 26 was used for the statistical analysis. Results: Significantly elevation were observed in white blood cells count, C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukine-6 and tissue necrosis factor (P &lt; 0.05) in NDHTHN. CRP was elevated in about 95% of NDHTN, and it has sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive value of 73%, 75% and 95% respectively in predicting hypertension. Conclusion: This study reinforces the well-established links between hypertension and factors like age, obesity, and gender. Also, the lack of significant differences in some parameters between two studied groups suggests that these abnormalities may not manifest in newly diagnosed cases or may require prolonged exposure to elevated blood pressure to become evident. These findings highlight the need for longitudinal studies to assess the progression of these changes in hypertensive patients over time.

Vascular remodeling and TSLP/angiogenin overexpression in severe mixed asthma

BackgroundAsthma with neutrophilic/mixed inflammation is a difficult-to-control clinical phenotype. Currently, vascular and matrix airway remodeling in asthma with neutrophilic/mixed inflammation is not well known. We aimed to evaluate the differences in vascular/smooth muscle/matrix related asthma remodeling in eosinophilic (EOS) and mixed/neutrophilic (MIXED) bronchial phenotypes in relation to asthma severity and exacerbation frequency.MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, α-SMA+ cells (100µM beneath the basement membrane [BM]), BM thickness, vascular remodeling-related biomarkers (angiogenin, vascular endothelial growth factor [VEGF], CD31 and Protease-activated receptor 2 [PAR2]), alarmins (TSLP and Interleukin (IL)-33) were evaluated in bronchial sections from 40 mild-to-severe asthmatics (EOS: N = 19 and mixed/neutrophilic: N = 19/2) and 7 control subjects (CTRL).ResultsThe number of CD31+ and angiogenin+ cells was higher in MIXED than in EOS asthmatics (p < 0.05). In severe MIXED CD31+, TSLP+, α-SMA+, and angiogenin+ cells increased compared to mild MIXED/EOS or severe EOS (p < 0.05), but BM thickness was higher in severe vs. mild EOS (p < 0.05). MIXED frequent exacerbators had higher numbers of CD31+ and TSLP+ cells, whereas MIXED non-exacerbators had increased PAR2+ cells. CD31+ cells correlated with impairment of pulmonary functions, number of exacerbations, ICS dose, bronchial neutrophils, angiogenin, α-SMA, TSLP and IL-33 (p < 0.05). Finally, CD31 > 97.17 cells/mm2, angiogenin > 35.36 cells/mm2, and functional parameters such as FEV1, FEV1/FVC, TLC and FRC (%pred.) were found to be predictors of severe MIXED asthma.ConclusionThe severe or frequent exacerbator asthmatics with bronchial mixed inflammatory profile are characterized by increased number of vessels and overexpression of TSLP and angiogenin, suggesting a pathogenetic link between mixed eosinophilic and neutrophilic inflammation and vascular remodeling.

Circulating IgE levels as a biomarker for therapeutic response to dupilumab among patients with prurigo nodularis.

This retrospective study investigates the role of baseline immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels in predicting therapeutic response to dupilumab in prurigo nodularis (PN) patients. Our findings show that patients with elevated IgE experienced significantly greater relief from pruritus, suggesting that IgE could serve as a biomarker for identifying individuals who are more likely to benefit from IL-4 and IL-13-targeted therapies. These results support the development of personalized treatment strategies based on inflammatory profiles in PN.

Chronodisruption enhances inflammatory cytokine release from visceral adipose tissue in obesity

BackgroundChronodisruption, marked by circadian rhythm misalignment, is linked to inflammatory diseases like obesity. Chronotypes, reflecting individual circadian behavior, include morning, intermediate, and evening types, with evening chronotypes showing worse body composition and higher metabolic risk. This study evaluated the inflammatory profile of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) across chronotypes in individuals with obesity and examined clock gene expression.MethodsTwenty-five participants with obesity (11/14 F/M, BMI 41.59 ± 7.69 kg/m², age 41.13 ± 11.08 years) candidates for bariatric surgery were classified using the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ): morning (36%), intermediate (28%), or evening (36%) chronotypes. VAT biopsies were analyzed for cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors via multiplex ELISA, and clock genes (PER1, CLOCK, BMAL1) were assessed using qPCR.ResultsBody composition and biochemical parameters were similar across groups, but evening chronotypes had higher triglyceride levels (p = 0.012) and lower phase angle (p = 0.035). VAT inflammatory markers, including IL-1β (p = 0.04), IL-8 (p = 0.03), bFGF (p = 0.01), MCP-1 (p = 0.01), and MIP-1β (p = 0.05), were highest in evening and lowest in morning chronotypes. Evening chronotypes had significantly elevated bFGF levels compared to other groups (p = 0.04). PER1 mRNA expression was also higher in evening chronotypes (p = 0.02) and correlated with VAT-released bFGF (p = 0.03) and IL-1β (p = 0.03). MEQ scores negatively correlated with VAT bFGF (p = 0.02), MCP-1 (p = 0.02), and PER1 expressions.ConclusionDespite similar metabolic profiles, evening chronotypes exhibit heightened VAT inflammation and altered clock gene expression, potentially worsening their metabolic risk.