Corporate farming enhances agricultural efficiency and productivity, boosting sectoral competitiveness. Despite the Indonesian government’s efforts to establish corporate farming in multiple districts, the outcomes have fallen short of expectations. This study investigates factors influencing farmers’ decisions to adopt corporate farming and its effects on improving farmers' human resource (HR) performance. Key factors analyzed include support from farmer groups (Poktan), government, social networks, partnerships with the Business and Industrial World (DUDI), and initiator roles. Using data from 142 farmers in Temanggung and Wonosobo districts, collected through structured questionnaires and analyzed with SEM via SmartPLS 3.0, the study reveals that farmer decisions to adopt corporate farming are significantly influenced by Poktan support, government support, social support, and the initiator role. However, these decisions have no significant impact on HR performance. On the other hand, Poktan support, government support, and partnerships with DUDI directly enhance HR performance. To promote corporate farming, the study emphasizes the importance of strengthening Poktan, government, and social supports, alongside initiator roles. Furthermore, corporate farming activities require support from a highly skilled farmer workforce. The study also highlights the role of external factors, like DUDI partnerships, in improving HR performance. By integrating variables from the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) into the agricultural sector, this study enriches the literature on corporate farming adoption and its impact on HR performance.

Computational Thinking (CT) has become an essential skill in Vocational Education (VE) to deal with the digitalized industrial world. This study aims to analyze the trend of CT research in VE using bibliometrics based on Scopus data (2014–2024). This study was carried out through the stages of keyword determination, data collection, processing, mapping, and publication data analysis. The results show a significant increase in CT studies since 2019, driven by the integration of the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and industrial automation in the VE curriculum. Bibliometric mapping identified 21 key terms in 5 clusters, with CT, educational robotics, Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education, and abstraction as the dominant concepts. This finding confirms that CT plays a strategic role in improving problem-solving skills and graduates’ readiness to face the industrial revolution 4.0 and the society 5.0 era. This study aims to design learning modules that focus on CT, incorporate robotics and AIbased learning tools, and promote an interdisciplinary approach to digital skills development. For future research, further exploration is needed on the effectiveness of CT-based learning methods in VE, and the impact of CT on graduates’ employability.

Thirukkural is not only a traditional Tamil ethical treatise but also serves as an expansive Life Curriculum for the holistic development of Human Personality. Fundamental components of personality development—such as self-control, intellectual awareness, recognizable integrity, perseverance, personal accountability, and socio-cultural discipline—are deeply embedded in the foundational concepts of Thirukkural. In the modern industrial world, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is at the core of enhancing management skills, amplifying data-driven decision-making, and increasing operational efficiency. However, a purely technology-centric application of AI carries the risk of neglecting the humanitarian aspects of management. This research paper explores a theoretical framework to bridge this gap by integrating Thirukkural’s personality development thoughts with modern AI-driven management skill enhancement processes. This article presents the philosophical foundations and practical opportunities provided by Thirukkural for creating a Human-Centric AI management model based on ethics, intuition, and social responsibility.

Industry 5.0, regarded as the fifth industrial revolution, marks a transition that prioritizes human uniqueness and contribution over the mere technical efficiency of machines. Here, a collaborative environment emerges where humans and machines—specifically Artificial Intelligence—work in tandem. In such a converged landscape, technological management must be founded not only on mathematical formulas and data analytics but also on humanitarian values, ethics, and social responsibility. To fulfill this fundamental requirement, Thiruvalluvar’s Thirukkural provides an exceptional philosophical foundation. By structuring human life and social systems upon the three pillars of Virtue (Aram), Wealth (Porul), and Love (Inbam), this treatise serves as a guiding light for the new challenges of the industrial world. The role of Thirukkural in shaping Human-Centric AI Management is multifaceted. Firstly, leadership concepts such as "A king is he who possesses a broad and discerning mind" (Kural 381) highlight the necessity of comprehensive knowledge. This emphasizes the ability to integrate AI outputs with human intelligence to make ethically sound decisions. Secondly, the principle from the Porutpal (Book of Wealth) to "Earn wealth... with grace" (Kural 755) stresses that profit-making should not be the sole aim; rather, wealth should be acquired through honest means that respect the welfare of all. This acts as an ethical compass for modern industrial management, which must reconcile profit motives with social welfare and environmental responsibility. Thirdly, the emphasis on discipline—"Conduct yields excellence" (Kural 131)—reminds us that ethical conduct must be present in every dimension of technological management, including data privacy, algorithmic ethics, and employee codes of conduct. Thus, Industry 5.0 bridges the gap between humans and machines. This connection must remain centered on humanitarian values. Thirukkural’s timeless philosophies offer the perfect foundation for this. By adopting its values of integrity, responsibility, justice, discipline, and humanity as the driving force of AI management, technological progress will truly become a reliable instrument for social advancement.

Infrastructure projects are a hallmark of the industrial world and a driving force of the Anthropocene. This article develops an approach for studying the historical emergence and rippling ecological effects of infrastructure within an analytical frame that we call infrastructural cascades (IC). Drawing on the notion of trophic cascade from ecology, we argue that infrastructures should be conceptualized as nodes in metabolic capitalist systems and as alien landforms that disrupt ecosystems. Framed in these terms, infrastructure becomes a key site for tracing how capitalist metabolisms––especially industrial food systems––are transforming landscapes globally. Alert to infrastructure's embeddedness in wider metabolic systems, IC analysis focuses on the concrete ecological impacts of infrastructure, such as fences and feedlots, as well as subsequent human-nature entanglements those impacts engender. Among the many possible responses to an IC is the development of additional infrastructures to contain the effects of the former. Common in conservation contexts, these mitigation infrastructures are often limited in their effectiveness and can spawn their own cascading dynamics. The IC framework points to new forms of collaboration between social and natural scientists. It also presents new opportunities for storying the Anthropocene as a spatially uneven outcome of appetitive capitalist systems that, in aggregate, can be imagined as a “superomnivore” that continuously expands its metabolic range through infrastructural means. We develop this approach through two case studies from Botswana and Spain.

Technological advancements in the digital era have made electrical energy needs vital in the industrial world. The reliability of electricity supply certainly has serious challenges related to transmission system blackouts due to the failure of blackstart at the plant because the battery supply is not functioning optimally. To anticipate this failure, Matrix Converter (MC) modeling is carried out as a Solid State Transformer (SST) to replace conventional transformers to maintain voltage stability and change the voltage according to the needs for battery supply. The SVPWM methodology uses 9 bidirectional switches in the MC to modulate pulse width by comparing the duty cycle against high-frequency waves. This comparison can determine when each switch in the converter should be open or closed in each switching cycle. To control stable voltage and efficient current in the battery charging process, Fuzzy Logic control (FLC) is used. With a Rectifier as the converter (AC-DC), a stable voltage of 127.6 volts DC is obtained, so the battery charging process can work optimally and stably.

The rapid changes in the world of work require university graduates to have an optimal level of job readiness, especially in Gresik Regency. The increasingly fierce competition and mismatch between graduate competencies and industry needs make the issue of student job readiness important for learning. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of internship experience and psychological capital on the work readiness of students in Gresik Regency with work motivation as a mediating variable. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method. Respondents were students in a questionnaire and processed using the Structural Equation Modelling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) technique to test for direct and indirect effects. The results of the analysis showed that the readiness of the internship. In addition, these two variables also have a positive effect on students' work readiness. Work motivation was found to have a positive effect on job readiness and acted as a mediator linking internship experience and psychological capital to job readiness. These findings confirm that students' job readiness depends not only on practical experience during the internship but also on positive psychological conditions and work motivation. This research is expected to contribute theoretically to the development of Human Resource Management science, especially in understanding the factors that affect students' work readiness. From a practical perspective, the results of this research can be used as a reference for universities in internship programs and develop student competencies that are more in line with the needs of the industrial world.

This research aims to analyze strategies for improving the quality of graduates of SMK Negeri 1 Purwodadi through the implementation of the Professional Certification Institute (LSP) Competency Certification Test which is integrated with Teaching Factory learning and its impact on graduate output. The research was conducted using a qualitative approach with a descriptive type. Data collection techniques include observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies involving school principals, deputy principals for curriculum, LSP heads, productive teachers, and students. Data analysis was carried out through the stages of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions, by testing the validity of the data using triangulation of sources and techniques. The research results show that the strategy to improve the quality of graduates is carried out through the implementation of the Competency Certification Test which is integrated with teaching factory learning. The integration of the Professional Certification Institute Competency Certification Test with Teaching Factory learning has had a positive impact on graduate output, which is demonstrated by increased technical competence, work readiness, self-confidence, and graduate competitiveness in the world of work and industry. The conclusion of this research shows that the integration of the Competency Certification Test through the Professional Certification Institute with Teaching Factory learning is an effective strategy in improving the quality of output of graduates of SMK Negeri 1 Purwodadi. This research shows that the Professional Certification Institute Competency Certification Test is not only a tool for final evaluation of student competency, but also an integrated strategy for improving the quality of graduates that is integrated with the Teaching Factory, so this research shows that competency certification acts as a bridge for recognition by industry and higher education which expands the concept of quality of vocational school graduates from just technical competency to recognized and competitive competency.

This community service program is entitled Improving Microcontroller Competence of Students of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar through Arduino Training Based on Industrial Practice and is implemented as a follow-up to the school's official request to invite university practitioners as guest teachers in order to strengthen industry-based vocational learning. The activity was carried out on November 27, 2025 at the Computer Laboratory of SMK Negeri 3 Pematangsiantar involving 50 grade XI students, and guided by Andi Setiadi Manalu, S.Kom., M.Ti as the main instructor of Arduino material which focuses on the introduction of microcontrollers, basic programming, sensor integration, and simple automation project design. The purpose of this activity is to improve students' technical competence in the field of embedded systems while fostering work readiness through real-world practice-based learning experiences. The implementation method uses an experiential learning and project-based learning approach, which combines brief conceptual explanations with direct practice, technical discussions, and problem-based project assignment completion. The evaluation results show an increase in students' understanding of microcontroller functions, programming logic structures, and the ability to connect hardware and software in one work system. In addition, students demonstrated increased motivation, confidence, and interest in industrial technology, as reflected in their active participation during the practicum and their successful independent completion of functional prototypes. Overall, this activity proved effective in strengthening the technical competencies of vocational high school students and supporting the implementation of the link and match policy between vocational education and the needs of the industrial world, while also emphasizing the strategic role of higher education institutions in supporting the improvement of human resource quality at the vocational high school level.

This review's main contribution is the identification of research gaps and new trends, such as virtual internship models, secure verification frameworks, and AI-driven recommendation systems.by giving students, employers, and educational institutions a common digital platform, internship portals are crucial in bridging the gap between academic learning and real world industry experience. Online internship platforms have received a lot of attention lately due to the growing need for remote internship opportunities and skill-based employability. The functionality, efficacy, and limitations of online internship portals are the main topics of this paper's systematic review of the literature. The review examines research papers from academic databases like IEEE Xplore, Scopus, and Google Scholar that were published between 2020 and 2024. This review offers a comprehensive analysis of platform features, security and verification issues, and the function of intelligent matching mechanisms, in contrast to previous surveys that primarily concentrate on usability or employability outcomes. Common drawbacks identified by the study include limited integration with academic institutions, inadequate verification of internship postings, a lack of personalized recommendations, and data privacy issues.

Orphanages, as educational and child welfare institutions, play an important role in children's education. However, they have several weaknesses, including a lack of life skills training for their foster children. Life skills have become a crucial need in children's education, especially during their formative years. In the era of globalization and digitalization, knowledge and skills related to computer systems are among the most important life skills for children. These skills can provide effective solutions to labor market needs in the industrial world. The use of Microsoft Office applications such as Word, Excel, and PowerPoint is widespread in the world of work and industry. This underpins the team's decision to offer a basic computer training program for orphanage children. The program consists of three stages: preparation, implementation of training, and evaluation. Its purpose is to enhance the computer skills of children in orphanages. The participatory training method uses educational approaches (counseling), practical training, and direct practice. This training utilizes an iFocus projector, PC, and laptop as learning media. Training results show a more than 70% increase in children's skills in using Microsoft Office applications, which improves their ability to complete computer assignments at school.

The world of education must actively participate in preparing a creative, innovative, and competitive generation in response to advances in technology and science. Schools, as formal educational institutions, have a great responsibility to improve students' entrepreneurial skills by adding innovative product development theory to the learning process. Amidst increasingly fierce competition, product innovation is essential to create added value and maintain the sustainability of managed businesses. Entrepreneurship also plays an important role in driving social change and economic growth. Students are also encouraged to learn to be more creative, take initiative, and dare to take risks if they are given the facilities to develop their entrepreneurial spirit at school. Practical learning, training in innovative product creation, and business management simulations help students understand and apply entrepreneurial principles efficiently. Schools are expected to be a sustainable place for developing students' entrepreneurial character through targeted outreach and instruction. This method not only improves students' knowledge and skills, but also builds independence and innovation, which can help students prepare for the world of work, business, and industry. The goal is to foster an entrepreneurial culture focused on developing personal potential, thereby producing independent, adaptive, highly competitive graduates who are ready to face global challenges.

Pneumatic and hydraulic systems are technologies that are widely applied to industrial machinery and automation systems, so mastering them is an important competency for Vocational High School (SMK) students in the field of mechanical engineering. However, the limitations of practice-based learning cause students' understanding and skills of the system to be not optimal. This community service activity aims to improve the competence of vocational school students through applicable and practice-based pneumatic and hydraulic system training. The method of implementing activities includes the preparation stage, the implementation of training through lectures and direct practice, and the evaluation of training results. The results of the activity showed an increase in students' understanding of the basic concepts, components, and working principles of pneumatic and hydraulic systems. In addition, students' practical skills in assembling and operating systems have also improved. This training makes a positive contribution to increasing the readiness of vocational school students to face the needs of the industrial world and supports the strengthening of vocational education through synergy between universities and vocational schools.

The implementation of Teaching Factory-based edupreneurship in Vocational High Schools (SMK) is an important strategy to prepare graduates who not only have technical competencies but also an entrepreneurial spirit. This study aims to describe the development of edupreneurship through the production unit of the Mechanical Engineering Department in the manufacture of step motors as an industry-based learning tool at SMK Muhammadiyah Kramat Tegal. The research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with data collection techniques in the form of observations of production unit activities, interviews with productive teachers and students, and documentation studies. The data were analysed using an interactive analysis model that included data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing, with verification through source and technique triangulation. The results showed that the production unit functioned as contextual learning that integrated mechanical engineering competencies with entrepreneurial practices, ranging from production planning, manufacturing processes, quality control, to product marketing. This activity is able to improve students' technical skills, foster independence, responsibility, work discipline, and interest in entrepreneurship. Industry-based learning through production units provides learning experiences that are relevant to the needs of the world of work and industry.

Character education plays a strategic role in shaping the work culture of Vocational High School (SMK) students, but its integration with work culture based on the needs of the industrial world is still not optimal. This study aims to analyze the implementation of character education, the implementation of work culture, the effectiveness of strengthening character education on work culture, and the factors that influence the optimization of students' work culture in the Industrial Chemical Engineering major at SMK Negeri 2 Depok. The research used a qualitative approach with a case study method. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and documentation with students, homeroom teachers, and the vice principal for student affairs during the period April–July 2025. Data were analyzed using thematic coding and validated through triangulation of sources, techniques, and time. The results indicate that character education is implemented systematically through values-based, habituation-based, collaborative, and exemplary approaches. The 5R work culture (ringkas, rapih, resik, rajin, and rawat) is consistently applied in intracurricular, co-curricular, and extracurricular activities, thus forming characters of discipline, honesty, resilience, and responsibility. The novelty of this study lies in the discovery of an integrated model for strengthening character education based on the 5R work culture, which has proven effective in improving the work readiness of vocational high school students in accordance with the demands of the industrial world.

The need for English language proficiency in engineering is increasing along with industrial globalization, technological developments, and the dominance of English-language scientific literature. This study aims to analyze the English language needs of Electrical Engineering students at Tulungagung University as a basis for developing a contextual, needs-based English for Specific Purposes (ESP) curriculum. The study used a qualitative approach with a case study design. Data were collected through questionnaires, semi-structured interviews, and curriculum document analysis with students, lecturers, and industry stakeholders. The needs analysis refers to the target needs and learning needs framework as proposed by Hutchinson and Waters (1987) and Dudley-Evans and St John (1998). The results show that students require more skills in reading technical texts, understanding equipment manuals, writing lab reports, and oral communication skills for project presentations and technical discussions. In addition, there is a gap between general English material and the demands of academic and professional competencies in engineering. These findings align with global research that emphasizes the importance of a needs-based approach in ESP development (Basturkmen, 2010; Hyland, 2006). Therefore, this study recommends the development of a needs-based syllabus integrated with the context of Electrical Engineering and collaboration with the industrial world to enhance learning relevance. This research contributes to enriching ESP studies in the engineering field in the context of Indonesian higher education.

Entrepreneurship education is key in producing an innovative generation that is ready to face the challenges of the global economy. However, many young entrepreneurs have brilliant business ideas but lack business management knowledge and skills, hindering their business development. This study aims to address the gap between theory and practice in entrepreneurship education by exploring the influence of mindset and skillset on the formation of visionary entrepreneurs. Quantitative research method was used by distributing questionnaires to LP3I Polytechnic students who have taken entrepreneurship courses. The results show that the mindset and skillset of entrepreneurship education have a significant effect on the formation of visionary entrepreneurs, with the skillset having a more dominant influence. The combination of mindset and skillset has a greater impact in creating innovative and future-oriented entrepreneurs. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of improving entrepreneurship curriculum that is more practical and collaborative with the industrial world to produce entrepreneurs who are ready to compete in the global market.

Agriculture is the undisputed cornerstone of India's Viksit Bharat (Developed India) 2047 vision. It is essential for food security, rural prosperity, poverty reduction, and economic resilience. It requires a technology-driven transformation towards sustainability, integrating precision farming, artificial intelligence, and value chains to empower small farmers and uplift millions of people, despite the fact that it faces challenges in modernization and climate adaptation. In addition to having a varied range of agroclimatic zones, India possesses a rich agricultural past, which serves as the foundation of the Indian economy. Within the context of the contemporary world of technology, innovation, and industry, agriculture is an essential component in the formation of the economy of a nation. In light of the fact that our nation is making progress toward a vision of "Viksit Bharat," which translates to "developed India," the sector of agriculture serves as a central stage for transformation while maintaining sustainability. Agricultural production is not limited to the production of food; it also makes a substantial contribution to the Gross Domestic Product (GDP), the development of rural areas, and the creation of employment opportunities. Because the holistic growth of the nation, as envisioned by the concept of "Viksit Bharat," cannot be achieved without raising agriculture, the primary issue for India as a rising economy lies with the reality that the only way to do this is by empowering the agriculture sector. In order to fulfill the goal of our esteemed Prime Minister, which is for India to become "Viksit Bharat," it is necessary for agriculture to develop into a sector that is both sustainable and diverse in order to provide food for a large population, which in turn helps to maintain livelihoods and contributes to the advancement of the nation.

Vocational education, particularly Vocational High Schools (SMK), plays a strategic role in preparing superior human resources who are competent in their fields and ready to enter the workforce. In this context, the government is encouraging the implementation of the Link and Match program as an effort to improve alignment and gaps between education and the needs of the workforce and the industrial world. However, the implementation of the Link and Match program in vocational high schools in the Tangerang area is currently still carried out conventionally. The communication process, recording collaborations, and managing Industrial Work Practice activities still rely on correspondence, manual messages, and face-to-face meetings. This condition results in data not being documented centrally, making it difficult for schools to obtain comprehensive information regarding program implementation. Therefore, an analysis of the current system is necessary to understand the current Link and Match implementation mechanism. Synchronizing the vocational curriculum with the needs of graduate users through the Link and Match program is expected to produce graduates with a professional attitude, achievement motivation, competence, and high competitiveness. The evaluation of this system is carried out using the Black Box Testing method.

Education for Sustainable Development (ESD) is accepted globally as one of the key tools for attaining sustainable progress by the United Nations Decade of Education for Sustainable Development (UNDESD) from 2005 to 2014. Many experts have noticed that the integration of sustainable development principles in the curriculum is one of the most important indicators impacting ESD success. In today’s industrial and technology-driven world, environmental challenges are becoming increasingly prevalent. Therefore, incorporating the teaching of ecological issues in educational institutions and creating awareness about these have become essential to protect and improve current ecosystems. The purpose of the study is to review the existing syllabus of English textbooks prescribed by the Federal Board of Education in Pakistan to explore if it integrates themes and issues related to the environment and the breadth and variety of themes pertaining to environmental concerns that are covered in these textbooks. Utilising Arran Stibbe’s (2015) Ecolinguistics framework, the present study conducts qualitative textual analysis to investigate how these textbooks frame environmental issues, evaluate concerns, and incorporate ideologies. The data has been collected from the English textbooks of intermediate level prescribed by the Federal Board of Pakistan. A variety of frames are used to draw attention to environmental issues, with the most common being crisis and moral obligation frames. Evaluative language exposes both positive and negative evaluations. This study makes a significant contribution to the discourse about environmental education. Keywords Ecolinguistics, environmental education, green curriculum, sustainable development.