Italy, a major former producer, banned asbestos in 1992. A high incidence of mesothelioma, one of the asbestos legacies, is still observed due to the long latency and exposure from residual asbestos-containing materials. Future mortality forecasts at both national and subnational levels are still lacking. This work aims to project future age-stratified mortality rates (2020-2034) for pleural mesothelioma (PM) in Italy, both nationally and for each administrative region. Data on pleural cancers and PM in Italy between 1980 and 2019 were extracted from death registries, adjusted for PM misclassification in ICD-9, and aggregated in eight periods, eighteen age classes, and fifteen birth cohorts. Bayesian age-period-cohort models were implemented to generate age-specific mortality projections, stratified by sex assigned at birth. Between 1980 and 2019, 33,889 people died from PM in Italy, and 19,092 more deaths are expected between 2020 and 2034. The national peak is predicted for 2020-2024, with 6,740 deaths. Age groups under 75 years have already reached the peak of mortality rates. Region-specific trends by sex and time reflect the country's industrialization history. These results align with the literature in predicting the timing of the mesothelioma peak and offer new insights into age-specific trends, the rate of decline, and geographical patterns. They provide valuable evidence on the heterogeneous asbestos legacy across regions, supporting targeted public health actions and health planning.

ABSTRACT Industrial countries are moving toward digitizing the manufacturing processes in their factories by integrating the expected next‐generation technologies such as software‐defined networking (SDN), cloud computing, and industrial Internet‐of‐Things (IIoT). However, developing smart factories that combine these physical and cyber components faces critical challenges, particularly regarding the efficiency and security domains. For example, Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks in industrial environments could impact the progress of the automated processes and the availability of SDN‐based networks. In this paper, we present a novel collaborative intrusion detection system (CIDS) approach for SDN‐based industrial environments that integrates edge computing techniques to enhance security and operational efficiency. Our model optimizes resource utilization across dispersed industrial sites by uniquely combining three different IDSs: centralized‐based IDS, edge‐based Anomaly IDS (AIDS), and signature‐based IDS (SIDS). The proposed approach establishes consistent, network‐wide security policies to accommodate the varying processing capabilities. Moreover, the use of edge computing techniques minimizes the overhead introduced by the SDN controller located in the cloud layer and addresses scalability challenges in large‐scale networks with heavy traffic loads. Evaluation is performed using the Mininet emulator, and the results reveal a detection accuracy of up to 98%. Furthermore, profiling outcomes of the centralized controller indicate a 50% reduction in traffic monitoring function calls, highlighting the efficiency and superiority of the proposed methodology, particularly for geographically dispersed industrial sites.

Introduction. The main purpose of preventive medicine is to protect public health from the harmful effects of the human environment. In industrial areas of large industrial countries, the problem of sanitary protection of soils is put forward as one of the most acute. Fluorine is one of those trace elements that receives a lot of attention due to its harmful effects on the environment, human and animal health. The main sources of industrial soil contamination with fluorinated compounds are enterprises producing aluminum and steel, ceramics, phosphorous fertilizers, glass, cement and brick factories.The purpose of the study. To conduct a hygienic assessment of the fluoride content in the soil of territories serviced by the FMBA of Russia and identify possible potential sources of its entry into the soil using the example of Obninsk, the Kaluga Region, and Peresvet, the Moscow Region.Materials and methods. Literature sources on the effects of fluorine on the environment and public health were studied, and the following databases were used in the search: PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, MedLine, Global Health, RSCI. Field studies of fluorine content in soil for various purposes were conducted in Obninsk, the Kaluga region and in Peresvet, the Moscow region.Results. Based on the results of field studies, it was found that there were five soil samples in Obninsk, the Kaluga region and Peresvet, the Moscow region (three points in Peresvet, the Moscow region, two points in Obninsk, the Kaluga region), did not meet the hygienic standard for the content of fluorine (water-soluble form) and exceeded the maximum permissible concentration by 1.2–1.5 times. The conducted analytical search for data on the types of enterprises, which included production features, chemical composition of emissions, location (proximity of enterprises to the points where the maximum permissible concentration of fluorine in the soil was detected) allowed creating a list of potential sources of soil contamination with fluorine.Limitation. Due to the fact that the studies were conducted on soils selected in territories with a similar soil type, excess fluorine was detected once during the study, which requires further observations.Conclusion. A screening study of the soils of the territories serviced by the FMBA of Russia on the principle of “samples of unknown composition” revealed the points where the excess of the maximum permissible concentration of fluorine (water-soluble form) in the soil exceeds the established standards. Monitoring the levels of fluoride in the soil, only in the area of exposure to large industries, such as aluminum production holdings, is insufficient. As we can see, in cities where even small enterprises are located, which can be sources of fluoride entering the environment, it is necessary to monitor not only atmospheric emissions, but also the fluorine content in the soil, at least once a year.Compliance with ethical standards. The study does not require submission to a biomedical ethics committee or other documents.Contribution: Evseeva I.S. – concept and design of research, collection of material and data processing, text writing, editing; Ushakova O.V. – concept and design of the study, writing, editing; Zhernov Yu.V. – research concept, editing. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of the manuscript final version.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Funding. The study was carried out within the framework of a state assignment.Received: October 14, 2025 / Accepted: November 3, 2025 / Published: December 19, 2025

Relevance. Increased competition in the conditions of the digital economy encourages enterprises to actively introduce the capabilities of modern information systems and technologies into management practice. To optimize management decision-making, they increasingly turn to digital twin tools, which allows managers to obtain more accurate insights into business processes, reducing risks. The relevance of introducing digital twins into the practice of economic activity of enterprises with the support of artificial intelligence is due to the high degree of efficiency and economic feasibility. Such modern digital technologies are considered one of the key tools of Digital Transformation 4.0 in the country's industry. The purpose is to study the possibility of transforming new-generation decision support systems by analyzing the practice of implementing digital twins with the integration of artificial intelligence tools to enhance the capabilities of digital models. Objectives. The main objective of the study is to analyze the practices of successful application of modern digital technologies and the integration of strategic digitalization initiatives with improved economic results, expressed in increased efficiency of operational processes and improved financial performance of the organization. Methodology. The general scientific approach, generalization, analysis and synthesis for an in-depth study of the research object were used as methods for achieving the goal of research activity. Results. For Russian companies, digital twins with the integration of artificial intelligence open up the possibility of reducing the impact of negative factors, filling the technological gap, and increasing competitiveness in the market. Conclusions. The implementation of modern digital technologies by enterprises with the support of artificial intelligence has proven its effectiveness and economic feasibility. Organizations that have integrated digital twins into their structure will have a competitive advantage in the accuracy of analytics and the speed of response to changes, which is especially important in the conditions of today's dynamic economy.

ABSTRACT Critical minerals are important for a country’s transition towards a low-carbon economy and achieving carbon neutrality. However, their importance for inclusive and sustainable development remains questionable, and this study intends to shed some light on this issue. This study focuses on specific countries of the global south that trade in critical minerals and tries to understand how the dominance of these countries in the critical mineral industry affects their inclusive and sustainable development. As such, this study considers the period from 2000 to 2019 and employs the method of moment quantile regression, bootstrap quantile regression, and a machine learning based model called the kernel regularized least square method. The study results demonstrate that countries that have dominance in the trade of critical minerals tend to enjoy inclusive growth and sustainable development, as evident from the high quantiles. Population growth, governance quality, and economic complexity positively affect inclusive and sustainable growth, whereas the role of economic globalization is negative in the lower quantiles and positive in the high quantiles. The study confirms the impact of critical mineral trade market dominance on inclusive and sustainable growth by using an alternative dependent variable. Based on the results, several policy implications are derived. As demonstrated by the positive critical mineral market dominance coefficients, which are more noticeable in nations with higher levels of development like China and Brazil, policymakers should place a higher priority on bolstering trade networks via bilateral agreements and investments in processing facilities in order to improve eigenvector centrality.

The rapid growth of electronic waste (e-waste) presents critical challenges for sustainable resource recovery and environmental protection. This study develops a dual-channel closed-loop supply chain (CLSC) model formulated as a hierarchical Stackelberg game, that integrates dynamic pricing and cost-sharing mechanisms to optimize both economic and environmental outcomes. The model explicitly captures strategic interactions between manufacturer-led and third-party recycling channels, accounting for consumer behavior, regulatory incentives, and market competition. Numerical simulations conducted (implemented over a four-iteration horizon using a commercial optimization solver) show that, relative to the baseline equilibrium, manufacturer profit increases from 11.6 thousand USD to 37.9 thousand USD (+226.8%), total recycled volume rises from 7,848 to 7,942 units (+1.2%), and collector profit nearly doubles under cost-sharing, enabling more equitable profit distribution. Furthermore, scenario-based simulations across Sub-Saharan Africa, high-income economies, and emerging Asian industrial countries reveal that infrastructure quality, policy intensity, and labor costs critically shape recycling efficiency and profit allocation. These findings demonstrate that subsidies alone are insufficient to ensure system efficiency. Instead, coordinated strategies that integrate internal incentive alignment with context-sensitive policy support are required. Overall, this study offers a robust framework for designing resilient, efficient, and regionally adaptable e-waste management systems.

While meta-analyses on randomized controlled trials(RCTs) have established the role of music therapy (MT) in cancer care, the field remains dominated by Western music traditions and research conducted in Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic countries. The paucity of RCTs on local diverse music from the rest of the world limits the patient-centric approach of integrative oncology. This calls for greater inclusion of local and traditional soundscapes in research, clinical practice, and policy. The innate rhythmic, lyrical, or emotive properties of musical traditions, ranging from Indian Ragas to African polyrhythms and Sufi Qawwali, remain underexplored due to a lack of academic infrastructure, regulatory clarity, and funding. Methodological limitations in existing RCTs on local music further hinder their inclusion in meta-analyses and clinical guidelines. Here, seven policy considerations are proposedto address these gaps, including the establishment of research institutes, the development of national regulatory frameworks, the implementation of certified training programs, and targeted advocacy efforts. For music therapy to become truly personalized and globally relevant in integrative oncology, it must reflect the full plurality of the world's musical heritage.

Abstract In the race toward net-zero, Green Hydrogen (GH2) has emerged as a pillar of the Green Energy Transition. Northern industrial countries, with the European Union at the forefront, pursue decarbonization through “win-win” partnerships with Southern counterparts, whose renewable energy potential and industrial ambitions make them eager participants. Beneath this rhetoric of mutual benefit, however, lie local tensions that these green futures have yet to address. Against this backdrop, this article examines grassroots contention against Tunisia’s national GH2 strategy, with a focus on Gabes, a region historically shaped by industrialization and environmental degradation. It traces the collision of top-down, state- and donor-led ‘green’ development trajectories with bottom-up counter-currents emerging from local communities, civil society organizations, and environmental activists. Drawing on ethnographic fieldwork in Gabes and analysis of protest materials, I identify three counter-currents to the GH2 ascent: contested development pathways, procedural injustice, and sovereignty struggles. These counter-currents mobilize historical memory, oppositional knowledge practices, and collective action to contest GH2’s framing, governance, and environmental implications. Situating Gabes within broader debates within environmental political theory and green growth, I foreground the ‘local’ in the socio-political dynamics of the global green energy transition, in showing how resistance from below shapes and constrains global “win-win” visions of the green energy transition.

There has been a relative decline in the manufacturing sectors of industrial countries called "deindustrialization" which consists of the decline in manufacturing employment, trade deficits, factory closings and the decline in the share of manufacturing in GDP. This study analyzes the behavior of growth in selected industrial countries, The USA, UK, France, Italy, Spain, Sweden, Japan, and the Republic of Korea, for the period 1970-2015. The findings of the study show that serious decline of manufacturing apply to very few countries and is caused primarily by high technical change leading to lower manufacturing product prices. This leads to lower incomes for labor and capital and distorts the relative share of manufacturing in GDP.

Purpose This study examines how labor market information interventions influence wage formation and job mobility in emerging industrial economies. Using Ethiopia’s flagship industrial park as a natural experiment, we evaluate the causal impacts of a randomized skill grading policy designed to reduce information asymmetries between workers and firms. The research investigates two critical questions: how do skill assessment interventions affect initial wage determination, and what role does strategic job mobility play in workers’ ability to overcome adverse policy effects in early-stage labor markets? Design/methodology/approach We exploit a unique natural experiment where workers entering Hawassa Industrial Park were randomly assigned to skill assessment versus direct job placement. Combining comprehensive administrative records with original survey data, we employ difference-in-differences and triple-difference designs that leverage the random assignment structure. Our matched employer-employee panel dataset tracks 1,206 workers across 19 garment firms, enabling identification of causal effects through the randomized grading treatment while controlling for selection bias and unobserved heterogeneity. Findings Skill grading creates an initial wage penalty of 5–7 percent for assessed workers relative to non-graded counterparts. However, this penalty is completely eliminated among workers who switch employers, with job transitions yielding 19 percent wage gains. The results demonstrate that information interventions can generate unexpected labor market mismatches, which workers strategically resolve through mobility. First job transitions produce the largest gains, with diminishing returns to subsequent switches, consistent with job search models where workers move to better matches. Research limitations/implications Our analysis focuses on short-term wage effects within a single industrial park setting, potentially limiting generalizability to other contexts or long-term outcomes. The study cannot distinguish whether wage gains represent permanent income increases or transfers through housing costs. Additionally, we lack comprehensive measures of match quality that could provide deeper insights into the mechanisms driving observed patterns. Future research should examine longer-term effects and extend analysis to diverse industrial settings and countries at different development stages. Practical implications The findings challenge conventional wisdom about skill assessment policies in developing labor markets. Policymakers designing industrial park interventions should anticipate that information-based matching may initially reduce wages but can be offset through worker mobility. Labor market policies should facilitate rather than restrict job transitions within industrial zones. The results suggest that infrastructure investments should be coupled with institutions supporting worker mobility to maximize welfare gains. Development practitioners should reconsider the design of formal recruitment systems to minimize initial mismatches. Social implications This research highlights unintended consequences of well-intentioned labor market policies, particularly relevant for industrial development strategies in sub-Saharan Africa. The findings suggest that worker agency through job mobility serves as a crucial mechanism for correcting policy-induced market failures. Understanding these dynamics is essential for designing inclusive growth strategies that avoid penalizing vulnerable workers. The results demonstrate how individual-level adaptations can mitigate adverse policy effects, emphasizing the importance of worker empowerment in industrial development contexts where formal institutions may be weak. Originality/value This study provides the first causal evidence on skill assessment policies in industrial parks using randomized assignment. The paper makes novel theoretical contributions by demonstrating how information interventions can create rather than resolve market inefficiencies, extending job search theory to developing country contexts. Methodologically, we introduce innovative use of administrative-survey matched data in industrial settings. The findings contribute to literatures on place-based policies (Kline and Moretti, 2014), job mobility (Stanton and Thomas, 2016) and labor market information (Pallais, 2014), offering new insights for industrial development policy in emerging economies.

Introduction. As of today, lead is one of the most common metals found in production facilities of developing industrial countries, both as a primary and secondary product released into the workplace air during various technological processes, including in the form of nanoparticles (NPs). The effect of NPs at the cellular level is associated with the development of a cytotoxic responses. In the context of this work, the cytotoxic effect of exposure to lead oxide (PbO) NPs was reduced by components of a bioprophylactic complex (BPC) that increase the natural resistance to hazards.Materials and methods. The study was conducted on female albino rats that were exposed to PbO NPs in the nose-only inhalation exposure system for 4 hours a day, 5 days a week for 4 weeks, while half of the animals received the BPC with feed and drink throughout the entire exposure period. After cessation of exposure, we assessed hematological indices, cytological and biochemical indices of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) in the rats. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test.Results. Inhalation exposure to PbO NPs induced adverse changes in some blood indices, BALF cytological and biochemical indices in the experimental rats, which were leveled out by the use of BPC, as evidenced by their comparability to those ​​in the control group.Limitations. Laboratory rodents of the same biological species and sex were used for the experiment. A single dose of the toxicant was used. The study was limited to establishing the main indices of the cytotoxic effect.Conclusion. This experimental study shows the positive impact of BPC components aimed at mitigating the cytotoxic effect of exposure to lead oxide nanoparticles in rats.Compliance with ethical standards. The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of the Yekaterinburg Medical Research Center for Prophylaxis and Health Protection in Industrial Workers (protocol No. 5 of October 16, 2023).Contribution: Minigalieva I.A. – study conception and design, scientific editing; Tazhigulova A.V. – data processing, draft manuscript preparation, editing; Sutunkova M.P. – study conception and design, scientific editing; Shabardina L.V. – experiment, data collection and analysis; Nikogosyan K.M. – experiment, data collection and analysis; Bateneva V.A. – draft manuscript preparation. All authors are responsible for the integrity of all parts of the manuscript and approval of its final version.Conflict of interest. The authors declare no conflict of interest.Funding. The study had no sponsorship.Received: June 9, 2025 / Accepted: September 19, 2025 / Published: October 20, 2025

This study investigates the effects of transport sector energy consumption, industrial sector energy consumption and imports on exports in Newly Industrializing Countries (Mexico, Turkey, Brazil, China, India, Indonesia, South Africa and Thailand). In the study, using data for the period 1990- 2022, tests that take into account horizontal cross-section dependence and heterogeneity and long and short-run analyses at panel and country level were applied. As a result of the study, it is found that transportation sector energy consumption has a negative effect on exports and imports have a positive effect on exports in both short and long run. Moreover, the negative effect of transportation energy consumption decreases from the short-run to the long-run, whereas the positive effect of imports increases from the short-run to the long-run. In addition, it is determined that the positive effect of imports on exports is higher than the negative effect of transportation energy consumption in both the short and long run.

Charles Kindleberger has recently been singled out as having envisioned the present international monetary system in which the US dollar is the dominant global currency and the Federal Reserve plays the role of global lender of last resort, providing dollar liquidity to other central banks through swap transactions during crises. I show how Kindleberger's views on exchange rate systems were influenced by those put forward by Ragnar Nurkse in the 1940s. I then compare Kindleberger's views on exchange rate systems with those of Milton Friedman during the 1950s and 1960s. I show that what I call “the revisionist view” of Kindleberger's contributions to the international financial system is on the mark only up to a point. It overlooks Kindleberger's positions that were not borne out. Moreover, it should make some room for Friedman, who foresaw the breakdown of the Bretton Woods system and the move to flexible exchange rates by the industrial countries. Friedman also predicted that the dollar would remain the main global currency but, in contrast to Kindleberger, foresaw that it would do so under a regime of flexible exchange rates.

This study investigates the relationship between energy efficiency improvements and greenhouse gas emissions in 16 industrialized countries over the period 1980–2023. Employing the Cross-Sectional Autoregressive Distributed Lag (CS-ARDL) model, which accounts for cross-sectional dependence and slope heterogeneity, the analysis reveals that energy efficiency improvements-proxied by energy intensity-are more effective in mitigating emissions than renewable energy deployment. Specifically, a 1% increase in energy intensity raises emissions by 0.1883% in the long run, while a 1% increase in renewable energy consumption reduces emissions by 0.0570%. These findings highlight the critical importance of prioritizing energy efficiency measures alongside renewable energy investments to achieve meaningful emission reductions in industrialized economies.

ASEAN countries are located in the tropical monsoon climate, which is the most suitable region for rice growth. The unique geographical and climatic advantages as well as cheap labor resources have created the world's major food exporting countries, Thailand, Vietnam, Myanmar and Indonesia. China is one of the world's most populous countries, although China is also an important food producer, but the large population base makes the domestic food production cannot be completely self-sufficient, need to rely on imports from other food-producing countries. the establishment of CAFTA for China and ASEAN countries in the food industry cooperation provides more policy support, strengthen China and ASEAN countries in the food industry of the regional cooperation, and the establishment of CAFTA for China and ASEAN countries to reshape the food industry, and to strengthen China and ASEAN countries in the food industry. It is of great significance for China and ASEAN countries to reshape the food industry chain and solidify regional food security. This paper introduces the current situation of the development of food industry cooperation between China and ASEAN countries, analyzes the influencing factors affecting the development of food industry cooperation between China and ASEAN countries by using the trade gravity model, and finally, puts forward some suggestions for food industry cooperation between China and ASEAN countries under the background of CAFTA according to the conclusion of the influencing factors.

Recently, the market for miniaturized Unmanned Agricultural Robots has experienced rapid development worldwide, driven by advances in robotics, artificial intelligence and precision agriculture. These technologies are no longer confined to highly industrialized countries but are increasingly penetrating emerging economies, including Romania, where they hold significant potential for transforming farming practices and entrepreneurial competitiveness. The purpose of the present paper is to present strategies for enhancing the competitive advantage of agricultural entrepreneurs in Romania’s Central Region. This is achieved by leveraging competitive advantage through value creation, specifically by deepening strategies for the rapid integration of new miniaturized robotic products. The research employed a mixed-methods approach, combining qualitative and quantitative techniques to investigate the ability of key stakeholders—agricultural entrepreneurs, precision agriculture product/service providers, institutional representatives, and investors—to dynamically adapt to evolving market conditions. The study’s findings reveal a strong interest and readiness among precision agriculture stakeholders to adopt advanced technologies, supported by robust operational knowledge management practices including external knowledge acquisition, strategic partnerships and data protection. Although agricultural entrepreneurs exhibit considerable adaptive and absorptive capacities—evidenced by their openness to innovation and collaboration—persistent barriers such as high equipment costs and limited financing access continue to impede the broad adoption of miniaturized robotic solutions. The study concludes by emphasizing the need for supportive policies and collaborative financing models and it suggests future research on adoption dynamics, cross-country comparisons and the role of education in accelerating agricultural robotics.

The article presents an analysis of the factors of innovative development of the oil producing industry in the context of expanding the use of digital technologies. The purpose of the study is to identify and consider the key trends in the use of digital technologies in the oil producing industry. The use of information technologies to improve the exploration and development of oil fields is necessary in the context of falling oil prices and the depletion of easily recoverable reserves of oil fields. These technologies should not only improve safety performance, but also increase the efficiency of field operation. The introduction of digital technologies in oil producing companies around the world occurs with varying degrees of intensity and taking into account the specifics of each country and region. The level of digitalization of the oil production industry of the Russian Federation was assessed using the example of the main domestic companies (PJSC Gazprom, PJSC NK Rosneft, PJSC Tatneft, PJSC Lukoil) for the period from 2008 to 2020. Changes in the global market for digital oilfield solutions in the period from 2020 to 2024 were analyzed and trends for 2025–2035 were considered. The methodological basis of the study includes an analysis of publications on digitalization in oil production, including a comparative analysis of the digitalization experience of countries in the oil production industry. The result of the study is the identification of the main areas of application of digital technologies in oil production in Russia. For the successful implementation of digital technologies in oil production companies in Russia, it is proposed to use a systematic approach. Research prospects: understanding the impact of digital technologies on environmental sustainability, safety and economic efficiency of companies in the oil production industry in the context of accelerating digitalization of the economy.

Purpose of study. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the long-term relationship between energy consumption and economic growth (per capita) in foreign countries using statistical methods. The identification of the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth provides an indication of a group of countries that are able to reduce energy consumption in the long term, and thus improve energy efficiency.Research methods. The research methodology consists of the Shapiro-Wilk test for normal distribution, a Box-Koch method for normalization of data and multiple regression analysis. The research database is formed by statistical data of international organizations: Energy Institute, World Bank, World Steel Association, FAO for the period 2000-2019. The transformation of data using the Box-Koch method allowed to increase the number of observations and conduct regression analysis based on normalized data in countries from different regions of the world: South and Central America, Middle East, Europe, CIS, Africa, Australia and Southeast Asia. Based on regression analysis, a model of the multiple regression relationship between energy consumption, steel, agricultural crops and economic growth was constructed.Results. The result of the study is a multidirectional impact of energy consumption on maintaining the economic growth. The type of economic system is a possible reason for the different nature of the impact on domestic energy consumption. Most of the estimates show a lack of impact between indexes and refer to countries with a significant share of services in GDP. In the overseas agrarianindustrial and industrial countries, which are predominantly located in Asia, North-East Europe, North Africa and the Middle East, there is a positive relationship. For some service-oriented countries in Europe, an inverse relationship between energy consumption and economic growth has been observed. Thus, they demonstrate the ability to reduce energy consumption and maintain economic growth by improving the energy efficiency of their economies.Conclusion. A shift in the structure of countries’ economic output to services may contribute to making the economies of these countries less dependent on the volatility of energy supplies. The transition to a service-based economy may contribute to an increase in the energy intensity of GDP. However, there are other factors influencing energy consumption, presumably institutional and scientific-technical, which determine the relationship between energy consumption and economic growth.

(De)industrialization is a phenomenon that affects the economic development of developed and developing countries. However, there is a lack of studies that evaluate strategies to promote the industrialization of a country through the information of industry experts. Objective: this article aims to develop a reindustrialization plan based on strategies to increase the relative participation of Brazilian industry in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in order to mitigate the Brazilian deindustrialization process. Method: the method used was DPSIR (Driving Forces, Pressures, State, Impacts, and Responses) in order to map information from specialists directly involved in the theme of industrial development in the areas of economics, public law, scientific research, public management, and private management. In addition, the TOPSIS method was used to prioritize the specialists' responses in order of urgency of implementation. Findings: the main result of this work revealed the strategies that should be prioritized to promote the country's industrialization. Novelty: this research served as a basis for the elaboration of the Brazilian Reindustrialization Plan, presented at the end of the article.

This study examines human resource (HR) development policies in Bac Ninh province, Vietnam, within the broader context of the country's industrialization and modernization efforts. Employing a mixed-methods approach that integrates policy content analysis with empirical data collected between 2008 and 2023, the research identifies critical institutional, structural, and operational challenges impeding effective HR development. Key findings reveal a persistent mismatch between workforce qualifications and industrial sector demands, limited coordination across policy frameworks, and inadequate engagement from the private sector. These issues hinder the province’s ability to meet the evolving labor market requirements of a rapidly transforming economy. In response, the study proposes targeted policy recommendations, including enhancing decentralization mechanisms, reforming vocational training systems to align with industry needs, and fostering stronger public-private partnerships. By focusing on a localized case within an emerging economy, the study contributes to the broader discourse on adaptive HR policy design and implementation in the context of industrial transformation.