Inductive Programming Research Articles

Knockout of B2M in combination with PD-L1 overexpression protects MSC-derived new islet β cells from graft rejection in the treatment of canine diabetes mellitus

BackgroundThe immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is significantly enhanced after transplantation or differentiation, and these cells can be recognized and cleared by recipient immune cells. Graft rejection has become a major obstacle to improving the therapeutic effect of allogeneic MSCs or, after their differentiation, transplantation in the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Solving this problem is helpful for prolonging the time that cells play a role in the recipient body and for significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.MethodsIn this study, canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were used as seed cells, and gene editing technology was used to knock out the B2M gene in these cells and cooperate with the overexpression of the PD-L1 gene. Gene-edited ADSCs (GeADSCs), whose biological characteristics and safety are not different from those of normal canine ADSCs, have been obtained.ResultsThe immunogenicity of GeADSCs is reduced, the immune escape ability of GeADSCs is enhanced, and GeADSCs can remain in the body for a longer time. Using the optimized induction program, the efficiency of the differentiation of GeADSCs into new islet β-cells was increased, and the maturity of the new islet β-cells was increased. The immunogenicity of new islet β-cells decreased, and their immune escape ability was enhanced after the cells were transplanted into diabetic dogs (the graft site was prevascularized by the implantation of a scaffold to form a vascularized pouch). The number of infiltrating immune cells and the content of immune factors were decreased at the graft site.ConclusionsNew islet β-cell transplantation, which has low immunogenicity, can reverse diabetes in dogs, and the therapeutic effect of cell transplantation is significantly enhanced. This study provides a new method for prolonging the survival and functional time of cells in transplant recipients and significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.

Evaluation of the induction programme for newly qualified radiographers: A survey study

IntroductionThe role of radiographers is continuously expanding and holds a key position in the healthcare system due to the increasing complexity in patient care and support. Therefore, with a rise of demand for increasingly specialized and advanced skills, it is important to provide newly hired professionals with structured induction programs. This study proposes to explore the perceptions of newly qualified radiographers who have already experienced transition into practice. MethodsA survey was distributed to newly qualified radiographers hired in a large university hospital in Italy. The questionnaire includes demographic data, sentences on patient management, decision-making, work organisation, development of self-confidence and relationships with other team members. ResultsThe survey was completed by 22 newly qualified radiographers. Among the participants, 32 % graduated within the last year, and 46 % indicated that they had their first experience in a healthcare setting. Using a 5-point Linkert scale, only 10 out of 29 sentences received a score of 4 or higher, indicating agreement. Sentences on the perception of self-confidence in they work skills after the induction programme show higher scores among participants with more than one work experience, while sentences about support by management show discrepancy favouring participants with no work experience. ConclusionRadiographers included in the study believe they are adequately ready and well prepared for clinical practice after the induction programme, despite some differences between radiographers with different levels of experiences. Implication for practiceA successful induction programme for newly qualified radiographers is crucial for developing a proactive approach, appropriate working methods, positive attitudes and a good work ethic, but also plays a role in reducing stress and worker turnover, ensuring a high quality of patient care.

HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND TEACHER ENGAGEMENT NEXUS: A STUDY OF PRIVATE SCHOOLS

This study comprehensively examines the human resource management practices implemented by administrators in private schools within the Ayawaso West Municipality of the Greater Accra Region of Ghana. It specifically highlights the critical aspects of academic staff recruitment, appraisal, and training. Utilizing the Resource-Based View (RBV), Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory, and Human Capital Theory, a robust quantitative approach was adopted, gathering data through structured questionnaires completed by 100 respondents, including both school administrators and teachers. The analysis was conducted using descriptive statistics, such as frequencies and percentages, to effectively assess respondents' perceptions of various human resource practices. The findings compellingly demonstrate that effective human resource strategies involve the provision of comprehensive orientation and induction programs, targeted on-the-job training, and systematic training needs assessments. Moreover, recruitment and selection processes are enhanced by offering study leaves for further education, promoting initiative among teachers, and establishing a clearly defined reward management philosophy. Additionally, the study reveals that appraisal and training are strengthened through performance feedback, guidance and counseling services, and support with academic matters. Based on these findings, it is recommended, among others, that school administrators elevate their human resource strategies by incorporating continuous professional development opportunities and cultivating supportive work environments, both of which are essential for enhancing staff performance and retention.<p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/soc/0502/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

Perceived usefulness of a blended learning approach for skills training among medical interns: a pilot study

BackgroundInternship is a phase of training wherein medical graduates acquire the skills and competencies required to function independently. It has been reported that interns lack confidence in performing common procedures, as these skills are often learnt through self-learning or performing without supervision. This type of learning endangers patient safety and fails to instil the required confidence in the student. Training in skills laboratories provide opportunity to learn clinical skills in a safe environment. However, skills laboratories are resource-intensive, and there is limited information on different training approaches, such as blended learning, and how the trainees perceive their usefulness. Hence, we conducted this pilot study to assess the perceived usefulness of a blended learning approach for skills training among medical interns.MethodsThis mixed methods study was conducted in the skills laboratory of an apex medical institute in India, among 42 interns posted for the Interns Skill-based Clinical Induction Program (ISCIP). In this training, a blended learning approach was adopted, which comprised of two components - an online e-learning module, followed by a hands-on training session. The trainees were asked to complete a feedback form and grade different components of the online session, and hands-on session on a five-item Likert-based scale. The scores were expressed as the mean (SD) of a maximum possible score of 5 for each of the components. In order to gain insight of the perceived usefulness of skills training among learners, focused group discussions (FGDs) were conducted.ResultsThe mean (SD) score for perceived importance ranged from 5 (0) to 4.9 (0.2) for various skills. The proportion of interns who felt confident in performing the skill after the training was 88.1% for IV cannulation to 97.6% handwashing, and gloving and gowning. The findings of the qualitative component revealed that interns found the training to be useful and interesting. It was perceived to be more ethical, uniform, well-structured, and provided an opportunity to practice a skill repeatedly.ConclusionsThe blended learning approach was perceived to be useful among the medical interns. Further research may be conducted in other medical institutes to assess the effectiveness of skills training.Clinical trial registration numberNot applicable, as the study is not a trial.

Comparison of the effectiveness of supportive chemotherapy for patients with acute myeloid leukemia

Introduction. Achieving complete remission and prolonging event-free survival is the primary task of chemotherapeutic treatment for patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Supportive therapy is a possible way to maintain complete remission.Aim: to compare two variants of supportive treatment (5+5 and 6-MP + Mtx) in patients with AML in the first complete remission after completion of the induction and consolidation programs.Materials and methods. The single-center randomized study included 34 AML patients treated from 2017 to 2021. The median age was 36 (18–56) years, the ratio of men to women was 18:16. After completing the induction and consolidation program, randomization was performed for different branches of supportive chemotherapy: 5+5 (cytarabine 50 mg/m2 2 times/day, mercaptopurine 60 mg/m2 days 1–5, a total of 6 courses) — first group (18 patients), and 6-MR + Mtx (6-mercaptopurine 50 mg/m2 daily, methotrexate 15 mg/m2 once/week) — second (16 patients). Courses of maintenance therapy were conducted until the total completion of treatment, the implementation of allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), the development of relapse, or death of the patient.Results. The two-year overall survival in the 5+5 group was 93 %, in 6-MP + Mtx group 68 % (p = 0.0814). Mortality in both groups was associated with complications in the post-transplant period. The actual OS and the hypothetical one — without performing allo-HSCT, did not differ. Thus, the fact of performing allo-HSCT does not affect the effectiveness of maintenance therapy courses. The two-year disease-free survival rate (DFS) was 66 % in the 5+5 group and 63 % in the 6-MP + Mtx group (p = 0.42). From the time of randomization, 8 patients (24 %) have relapsed and 1 patient died from complications after allo-HSCT.Conclusion. During treatment under the maintenance therapy programs 5+5 and 6-MP+Mtx, similar OS and RFS were achieved. During 5+5 program, hospitalization in a day hospital is required. The 6-MP+Mtx program has similar effectiveness, however, the entire period of supportive treatment can be carried out on an outpatient basis but lasts 24 months compared to 6 months when using the 5+5 program. The choice of maintenance therapy according to the 5+5 program is optimal from the point of view of the quality of life of patients.

Job-related stress, quality of work life, and quality of nursing care among critical care nurses

There is a lack of studies regarding job-related stress, quality of work life, and quality of nursing. This study proposed to examine job-related stress, quality of work life, and quality of nursing care among critical care nurses in Jordan. A cross-sectional study was adopted. Data were collected from 480 registered nurses working in critical care units from three health sectors, including government, private, and educational hospitals, using the Expanded Nursing Stress Scale, Quality of Nursing Work Life Survey, and Quality of Nursing Care Instrument. Findings showed that the mean scores of job-related stress, quality of work life, and quality of nursing care were 2.96 (SD = 0.65), 4.01 (SD = 0.60), and 3.70 (SD= 0.61), respectively. Results indicated that nurses had occasionally to frequent job-related stress, a moderate quality of work life, and a very good quality of nursing care. A positive relationship existed between quality of nursing care and quality of work life (β = 0.638, p < 0.001) in model 1 and quality of nursing care and quality of work life (β = 0.639, p < 0.001) and gender (β = 0.093, p < 0.05) in model 2. Thus, this study reflected the need for induction programs and strategies to control job stress and enhance the quality of work life to achieve high-quality nursing care.

HPB SO44 - From Electives to Career-Changing: A Cross-Sectional Survey exploring the impact of International Medical Electives in Hepato-Pancreatic-Biliary Surgery Unit

Abstract Background International medical graduates (IMGs) are crucial in addressing NHS workforce shortages, representing one-third of staff. Reliance on IMGs is likely to continue. Electives offer IMGs a valuable opportunity to overcome work culture and clinical skills challenges, difficult to address through PLAB tests alone. These experiences can aid in passing the exam. Entering a new culture and service can be daunting; electives help build confidence by increasing familiarity with the NHS and UK medical traditions. This survey was designed to gain insight into IME experiences, the educational value perceived by participants, and their influence on personal growth and career direction. Method A cross-sectional survey was sent to 26 IMGs who completed an IME rotation in the HPB department at University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust since 2019. The survey included quantitative and qualitative questions to gather demographic details, insights into experiences, educational values gained, and career impact. Medical education and HPB surgery experts evaluated the survey for content validity and alignment with learning outcomes.Conducted via Google Forms®,recruitment emails were sent anonymously with weekly reminders for four weeks to ensure high response rates. Quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics, and qualitative data underwent thematic analysis. Results 18 out of 26 participants (62.2%) responded. Ages ranged from 23-30, with 61.11% between 23-25 years. The gender split was 61.11% male and 38.89% female. Most (66.67%) were medical students during their elective, while 33.33% were Foundation Doctors. 72% of respondents are preparing for or have taken GMC registration exams, with 44% are already fully registered. The survey revealed overall positive responses, highlighting the welcoming and educational environment. However, participants suggested improving the induction program and providing a more defined daily schedule for elective students. These insights offer opportunities to enhance an already valuable program. Conclusion The study revealed a successful international medical elective program in the HPB department. Most respondents found the experience met their expectations, achieved learning objectives, and positively influenced their careers. All participants were satisfied and would recommend the elective, with 94% considering NHS careers. The program provided effective teaching, mentorship, and hands-on clinical experience for most participants. Many have begun or completed GMC registration, indicating lasting impact. This initiative is valuable in attracting and preparing IMGs for the NHS and should be replicated across the UK, with a structured program and ensuring necessary exposure and guidance.

Navigating the First Years: Newly Qualified Teachers’ Experiences with Professional Learning Communities

AbstractDrawing on a mixed-methods evaluation of the New Teacher Induction Programme of the South African Department of Basic Education, this paper examines the role of Professional Learning Communities in enabling the transition of newly qualified teachers (NQTs) into their professional roles in schools. The article focuses on one of the four components of the induction programme, namely, the participation of NQTs in Professional Learning Communities (PLCs) and examines the experiences of newly qualified teachers as members of their respective professional learning communities. It begins by examining the range of typical early career challenges and, thereafter, shows how the social capital fostered through their collaboration in communities enables to overcome a range of challenges they face. As the results of the study show, PLCs provide safe spaces where new teachers experiment, share experiences and engage in collective reflection and problem-solving. The new teachers reported a range of professional and personal benefits, including their professional growth, expanded peer networks, and a stronger sense of belonging. Moreover, their responses show how their participation in PLCs contributes to developing their self- and collective efficacy, increasing their resilience, and enabling their transition into the teaching profession. As a participatory action research study, the paper shows the dual benefits of the PLCs – both in supporting the personal and professional development of novice teachers and in informing the development of broader educational policy. The results of the study led to the expansion of the New Teacher Induction Programme and the national adoption of PLCs – illustrating how teacher experiences can inform policy in bringing about meaningful change.

Isolation and characterization of gamma rays induced mutants for improved agro-morphological performance and harder grain texture in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Purpose Kernel texture plays a principal role in determining technological flour properties and end-use quality of wheat products. Hence, a multi-year mutation induction programme was conducted to isolate advanced wheat mutant lines with agro-morphologically superior performance, higher disease resistance and harder grain texture. Materials and methods Radiation mutagenesis was employed in soft textured wheat variety HPW 89 using gamma rays dose of 250, 300 and 350 Gy (Co60: BARC, Mumbai) and evaluated across M1–5 generations. Promising superior mutants selected were evaluated during M4 and M5 generation for induced variability and trait association for agro-morphological and quality traits. The screened mutants were also determined for induced changes at genetic level using gene specific markers for puroindoline genes. Results A total of 293 agro-morphologically superior mutants isolated showed significant genetic variation in the M4 generation. Single kernel characterization system categorized 267 mutants (8.79–50.06) with higher grain hardness than the HPW 89 variety (7.39). Among these, 108 mutants were selected for agro-morphological and molecular characterization. Significant variations were found in these mutants in either pina and pinb or both puroindoline genes. Clustering among these mutants led to the formation of five clusters and a total of eleven mutants were found with better set of agro-morphological, disease resistance and quality traits. Conclusion These mutants can serve as important genetic resource for developing harder texture bread wheat varieties in the future grain quality improvement programmes. These mutants will also bridge the need of bakers and millers’ requirement of varieties with specific texture and quality.

Periodontal ligament stem cell tissue engineering scaffolds can guide and promote canine periodontal tissue regeneration.

The immunogenicity of allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) is significantly enhanced after transplantation or differentiation, and these cells can be recognized and cleared by recipient immune cells. Graft rejection has become a major obstacle to improving the therapeutic effect of allogeneic MSCs or, after their differentiation, transplantation in the treatment of diabetes and other diseases. Solving this problem is helpful for prolonging the time that cells play a role in the recipient body and for significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect. In this study, canine adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADSCs) were used as seed cells, and gene editing technology was used to knock out the B2M gene in these cells and cooperate with the overexpression of the PD-L1 gene. Gene-edited ADSCs (GeADSCs), whose biological characteristics and safety are not different from those of normal canine ADSCs, have been obtained. The immunogenicity of GeADSCs is reduced, the immune escape ability of GeADSCs is enhanced, and GeADSCs can remain in the body for a longer time. Using the optimized induction program, the efficiency of the differentiation of GeADSCs into new islet β-cells was increased, and the maturity of the new islet β-cells was increased. The immunogenicity of new islet β-cells decreased, and their immune escape ability was enhanced after the cells were transplanted into diabetic dogs (the graft site was prevascularized by the implantation of a scaffold to form a vascularized pouch). The number of infiltrating immune cells and the content of immune factors were decreased at the graft site. New islet β-cell transplantation, which has low immunogenicity, can reverse diabetes in dogs, and the therapeutic effect of cell transplantation is significantly enhanced. This study provides a new method for prolonging the survival and functional time of cells in transplant recipients and significantly improving the clinical therapeutic effect.

Teacher Induction Policy Development and Implementation: A Case of Ontario’s New Teacher Induction Program (NTIP)

Attrition and turnover among early career teachers (ECTs) have garnered the attention of policymakers and educational leaders across Canada. However, due to provincial/territorial responsibility for education in Canada, teacher induction efforts to keep novice teachers in the profession depend on school system structures and policies specific to given jurisdictions. This article describes an in-depth policy analysis of the development and implementation of Ontario’s New Teacher Induction Program (NTIP). Using a policy document analysis methodology, the review of the induction policy mandates, program evaluations, and empirical studies highlights the NTIP’s organization and scope, the stakeholders’ roles, duties, and responsibilities, the programmatic impacts, and the challenges associated with its implementation. The article concludes with implications for policy development and implementation as well as for the practice of supporting ECTs.

Human resources and induction in public policy: Advancing critical cosmopolitan aims

This paper focuses on the role of public policy in human resources and induction programs to increase the number of Teachers of Color and Indigenous Teachers (TOCIT). To that end, we provide an overview of the public policy landscape, followed by an exemplar that provides a vision of possibilities currently being enacted. We end by advancing specific public policy recommendations and their implications.

From Background to Foreground: A Retrospective Self-Study of Critical Social Studies Teacher Educating

ABSTRACT In this retrospective collaborative self-study, we examined our development as justice-based social studies teacher educators. Rooted in frameworks centered on critical social studies and teacher educator knowledge and practice, an analysis of discussions and curricular-instructional materials spanning 12 years found that justice was treated as optional in early iterations of our methods courses. Yet over time, we have taken steps to move justice from the background to the foreground of our work. We discuss and offer explanations for this growth, concluding with implications for our own practice as well as those charged with structuring (and teaching within) teacher educator preparation and induction programs.

Determinants of Teachers’ Decision to Stay: A Causal Model

A key challenge in any organizations today is staff/employee retention and these organizations made strategies to retain their employees to become the best staff. A common and significant problem in most human capital management systems in education, whether any type of schools or districts, is their incapacity to lessen high teacher turnover as stated by Odden (2011), and prominent in certain urban districts these high rates of teacher movement. Ingersoll (2001) states that the first step to understand why teachers leave is also the first step in getting them to stay. In order for teachers to stay, they need eenvironments that give important professional support from school leadership, to encounter organizational structures that value respect and workforce conditions for induction and mentoring programs for new and experienced teachers. Teacher attrition is teachers who are inside or outside of education, to experience and encounter other professional responsibilities, but give priority time with their families (Macdonald, 1999, Miller &amp; Chait, 2008).

Informal Learning and its Moderating Effect Between Employability and job performance of Young Recent Graduates in Their First job

The purpose of this paper is to examine the effects of knowledge management through informal learning on the relationship between employability and job performance of recent graduates in their first jobs. A quantitative, cross-sectional survey of 392 graduates of business school management programs at 4 universities in Lima, Peru was conducted to study the relationship between employability and job performance as moderated by informal learning inside and outside the work environment. It is confirmed that informal learning positively moderates the relationship between employability and job performance of recent graduates. However, informal learning impacts the employability dimensions differently. The results challenge traditional methods of learning and training inside and outside the work environment and provide new insights for knowledge management, talent management and their induction, training and development programs for a dynamic workforce with digital skills developed since the university stage. The implications of limiting employees' access to informal learning activities may limit future employability and job performance; employees can develop knowledge and competencies through informal learning activities on their own initiative, however, it is important to facilitate this process within the organization's processes. This study provides further evidence of the relationships between employability, informal learning and job performance in young recent graduates. In addition, it provides knowledge on how business schools can include informal or non-instructional learning activities in their curricula, thus generating self-learning skills for upcoming graduates and improving their skills and competencies.

WP8.4 - A closed-loop audit on the use of abbreviations in consent forms in the digestive disease department at a tertiary care centre

Abstract Background Consent forms can be misinterpreted due to the use of abbreviations and also in a court of law as a medico-legal document We performed this closed-loop audit to identify and improve the quality of medical consenting in this department. Method A prospective collection of data was done from July – Aug 2023 for the first cycle and Oct- November 2023 for the second cycle. 180 (100 surgical and 80 endoscopy) consent forms were analysed in the first cycle and 100 (50 surgical and 50 endoscopy) consent forms in the second cycle. Interventions in the form of posters, teaching sessions and discussions in the clinical governance meeting were used to improve the practice. Results In the first cycle, 99% of the surgery and 76 % of the endoscopy had abbreviations. The majority of abbreviations used were in the “risk” subsection (85% in surgical and 86 % in endoscopy) and in the title section (75% in surgical and 86 % in endoscopy). In the second cycle, 56% of the surgery and 4 % of the endoscopy had abbreviations. The majority of abbreviations used were in the “risk” subsection (42% in surgical and 78 % in endoscopy) and in the title section (38% in surgical and 66 % in endoscopy). Conclusion There was a significant drop in the use of abbreviations after the intervention. There were a few biases during the audit including unequal distribution of the consenting doctor. We are planning to improve this figure further by emphasising the importance of consent forms in the induction program of new juniors in the department.

Investigating factors associated with operating room nurses’professional transition in Singapore health system

Background: The nursing workforce in Singapore has been highly depended on foreign nurses to fill its nursing shortfalls. The recent SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has further exacerbated issues of global nursing shortage onto the Singapore nursing workforce. This was reflected by the recent 1,500 healthcare workers, which included nurses, that have left the workforce entirely in the first half of 2021 due to the physical toll such pandemics had on the healthcare workforce. Within the operating room units, similar insights behind the nursing shortfall globally have been discussed in the extant literature. This issues however, lacked exploration in Singapore nursing context. The quintessential question was to understand the associating factors of nursing induction programmes on new nurses transitioning into their operating room unit. Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate factors associated with nursing professional transition in the operating room units in Singapore health system. Design: The research used a cohort study design with a descriptive self-administered quantitative survey administered to obtain data. The researcher developed the self-administered quantitative survey titled the ‘Impacts on Operating Room Nurses with Transitional Support Programmes’survey. Results: At the time of the study, 91 of 96 responses received met the inclusion criteria. Respondents came from across majority of operating room units in Singapore. 75.3% (n = 75) of respondents had worked in their operating room unit for less than two years.13 questions from the self-developed survey were used to identify relationships that existed between variables that affected operating room nurses in Singapore because of the IP they received. The Spearman correlation test reflected 3 majors factors associated with nursing induction programmes on new nurses transitioning in the operating room units. These include lack of adaptation time, facilitators guidance and topic and skills insufficiency leading towards challenges reaching competence. Conclusions: The findings of this quantitative study called for the review of the contents outlined in existing operating room nursing induction programmes in Singapore. While the survey respondents mainly acknowledged that they were satisfied with their orientation programmes, responses in the survey outlined those nurses’ faced challenges with knowledge and skills acquired during their induction programme that affected their initial transition to practice in the operating room.

Stem cell transcriptional profiles from mouse subspecies reveal cis-regulatory evolution at translation genes

A key goal of evolutionary genomics is to harness molecular data to draw inferences about selective forces that have acted on genomes. The field progresses in large part through the development of advanced molecular-evolution analysis methods. Here we explored the intersection between classical sequence-based tests for selection and an empirical expression-based approach, using stem cells from Mus musculus subspecies as a model. Using a test of directional, cis-regulatory evolution across genes in pathways, we discovered a unique program of induction of translation genes in stem cells of the Southeast Asian mouse M. m. castaneus relative to its sister taxa. We then mined population-genomic sequences to pursue underlying regulatory mechanisms for this expression divergence, finding robust evidence for alleles unique to M. m. castaneus at the upstream regions of the translation genes. We interpret our data under a model of changes in lineage-specific pressures across Mus musculus in stem cells with high translational capacity. Our findings underscore the rigor of integrating expression and sequence-based methods to generate hypotheses about evolutionary events from long ago.

FBSA-Net: A novel model based on attention mechanisms for emotion recognition in VR and 2D scenes

Recent studies have found that electroencephalographic (EEG) features from different frequency bands and different brain regions contribute differently to emotion recognition (ER) in virtual reality (VR) and two-dimensional (2D) scenes. Despite achievements in the task of ER in both VR and 2D environments, there has not been much prior effort to develop a unified ER model that can be applied to both VR and 2D environments. We propose a novel Frequency-Band-Spatial-based Attention Network, named FBSA-Net, for ER in VR and 2D scenes. Specifically, FBSA-Net adaptively captures the frequency-band-spatial relationship of EEG signals through cascade fusion of frequency-band attention (FBA) module and spatial attention (SA) module. The FBA module can automatically assign FBA weights to each band feature. The SA module then applies the ProbeParse attention mechanism to adaptively explore channel relationships both within and across brain regions, thus facilitating a comprehensive understanding of the global features of the EEG signals. The model's efficacy was validated through the VRSDEED dataset, created from emotion induction experiments using VR and 2D induction programs. Multiple comparative experiments have shown that FBSA-Net achieved state-of-the-art recognition results on VRSDEED datasets, achieving average recognition accuracies of 96.63% and 96.49% in VR and 2D scenes, respectively. The research results indicate that the significant contribution of FBSA-Net is not only reflected in the ability to provide ER using the same model in VR and 2D environments, but also in its excellent ability to distinguish between the emotional states in these two scenarios, providing a valuable reference for using the same model for ER.

Beyond binary: an integrated approach to assessing BOSIET competencies

ABSTRACT In the ever-evolving realm of offshore safety, the Basic Offshore Safety Induction and Emergency Training (BOSIET) program holds paramount importance in ensuring the proficiency of personnel in the challenging offshore setting. Traditionally, BOSIET assessments have utilised a binary evaluation, categorising individuals as either competent or incompetent. Nonetheless, this binary approach oversimplifies the multifaceted nature of offshore competencies. Our paper advocates for a paradigm shift towards an integrated assessment framework that transcends a simplistic pass/fail dichotomy. Drawing inspiration from diverse industries, our proposed approach encompasses a spectrum of competencies, recognising the varied skills requisite in offshore contexts. By embracing this integrated methodology, the BOSIET assessment endeavours to furnish a more nuanced comprehension of an individual's readiness for offshore duties. In conclusion, embracing this integrated approach ensures that offshore personnel are not solely proficient in technical aspects but also equipped with the diverse skills essential for navigating the intricacies of offshore operations.