Indonesian Undergraduate Students Research Articles

The use of ai in learning English: a comparative study between Moroccan and Indonesian undergraduate students from the English department

It is generally understood that people’s attitudes influence and shape their behavior. However, there is still a gap in knowledge regarding how undergraduate students from different countries perceive AI in learning English. This paper aims to compare two groups of undergraduate students from the English departments of Morocco and Indonesia. To achieve this, an online structured questionnaire was administered to 240 undergraduate students from these two countries. Data collected were analyzed using SPSS version 25 and the Mann-Whitney test. The findings revealed that both groups are optimistic about using AI for learning English. They utilize AI tools for feedback, engagement, motivation, personalized learning, and autonomy. However, there is a disparity in how each group uses AI for translation. Additionally, participants expressed concerns about AI related to privacy and security, overreliance and lack of responsibility, critical thinking and creativity issues, and plagiarism. The study suggests that AI can be both beneficial and detrimental. Incorporating AI into the classroom is essential for improving students’ AI literacy and enhancing their academic and language skills. A balanced approach to AI use involves not only providing students with diverse AI tools suited to their academic needs but also raising awareness about the ethical issues associated with AI.

Literacy Practices of Indonesian College Students Participating in One Semester Off-Campus Program

Although there is a growing consensus in research that literacy practices can inform growth in literacy competence, there remains a dearth of studies explaining what and how Indonesian college students interact with texts in off-campus contexts. The objectives of this study are two folds: (1) to identify types of literacy practices carried out by Indonesian undergraduate students; and (2) to study the differences in use of the literacy practices between high rating and low rating students. As many as 200 Indonesian undergraduate students participated in this study. They were asked to complete an online questionnaire of literacy practices and a self-assessment. Principal Component Analysis were employed to analyze data for the first research question. T-test analysis was performed to answer the second research question. We found that there are 8 factors treated as posteriori categories of students’ literacy practices off campus, including professional-related literacy practices, academic-related literacy practices, knowledge-generating literacy practices, self-regulated literacy practices, leisure literacy practices, transactional literacy practices, and course-related literacy practices.. The t-test analysis showed that there are significant differences in use of literacy practices in the four first factors between high rating and low rating students. This is because high rating students typically engaged in reading and writing activities that support success of their college program. These findings indicate that determining effective interventions is pivotal to improve literacy skills of Indonesian college students that tap into their structure of literacy practices out of campus.

Metacognitive Regulation Strategies Among Indonesian Undergraduate Students During Conic Sections Conceptualization

Metacognitive regulation ability can assist students in abstracting the concept of a conic section. However, research exploring students’ metacognitive regulation in abstracting a mathematical concept is still rare. Thus, this study aims to analyze students' metacognitive regulation consisting of monitoring and controlling in abstracting the conic sections concept. Three students were selected as research subjects from 26 undergraduate of mathematics education Indonesian students who were engaged in abstraction assignments. Three students were selected based on their abstraction of the conic section concept, where only one student succeeded and two students represented two types of abstraction errors present in the class. An indicator of student success in abstracting the concept of a conic section is that students can correctly identify the relationship between eccentricity and the conic curve.. After completing the task, students are given the MAI questionnaire to identify their metacognitive regulations. There were 52 items in the MAI, of which 17 items represented metacognitive knowledge and 35 items represented metacognitive regulation. Hence, this study utilized the 35 items. The paper indicates that there is a positive relationship between metacognitive regulation and abstraction processes of the three students. This relationship is particularly evident in the metacognitive monitoring component. We hypothesize that students with good metacognitive monitoring are associated with the success of the abstraction process. The findings of this study contribute to further research by suggesting that designing learning environments that support metacognitive regulation will assist students in successfully abstracting mathematical concepts.

Unveiling the veil: exploring how wellbeing motivations shape anonymous and public prosocial behavior in Indonesia.

Indonesia is often regarded as a country with a strong inclination toward prosocial behavior, with both public and anonymous acts of kindness being commonplace. However, there is a notable gap in related research regarding the predictors of such behaviors. Previous studies have highlighted how individuals with diverse motives for wellbeing are inclined to either assist or hinder others. The present study explored the role of eudaimonic, hedonic, and extrinsic motives for wellbeing in predicting public and anonymous prosocial behavior. Using convenience sampling, 254 Indonesian undergraduate students (18-25 years old) from a private university participated in an online survey. The data were analyzed with correlational design and structural equation modelling. The findings revealed that the eudaimonic motive for wellbeing positively predicted anonymous prosocial behavior. Interestingly, no significant impact of hedonic motives on either public or anonymous prosocial behavior was observed. On the other hand, the extrinsic motive for wellbeing emerged as a positive predictor of public prosocial behavior. The absence of a discernible effect of the hedonic motive on either form of prosocial behavior highlights the need for further research into the complex interplay between motives for well-being and altruistic actions. This research represents a pioneering exploration into the distinct impacts of individuals' pursuit of wellbeing on their approaches to altruistic actions, providing valuable insights for understanding and promoting prosocial behavior in society.

Rhetorical organizations of method chapter in bachelor’s theses by Indonesian TEFL undergraduates

In the scientific realm, the validity of studies and the reliability of empirical findings are of high significance to be presented through research reports, one of which is a thesis. In an undergraduate thesis, the methodology chapter plays an important role in reporting any key details, including research procedures, tools, data collection, and data analysis. Novice writer-researchers such as Indonesian undergraduate students face challenges in writing their methods chapters, one of which deals with the issue of rhetorical organization. Using a genre analysis approach by adopting the comprehensive moves model developed by Chen and Kuo (2012), we analyzed the rhetorical moves in the methods chapters of five Indonesian undergraduate theses. Five bachelor theses in the field of teaching English as a foreign language (TEFL) were selected as data sources due to their relevance to our objectives and predetermined criteria of data selection. The findings show three key moves used in the chapters, with varying frequency. Move 2 was the most frequently used, followed by Move 3, while Move 1 was the least one. Several recurred steps were presented to achieve the communicative purpose of the key moves. Thus, our findings can be useful for Indonesian student writers’ awareness of the importance of utilizing moves and steps in writing and crafting systematic and compelling method chapters.

Attitudes Toward Chemistry Laboratory: A Survey of Indonesian Undergraduate Students

This study seeks to examine and compare the attitudes of students towards chemistry laboratory activities, while also investigating the impact of both grade levels and gender on these attitudes. A total of 226 undergraduate chemistry students from a public university in Indonesia participated in the study, selected through convenience sampling. The researchers developed the Attitudes toward Chemistry Laboratory Scale (ACLS) to collect the necessary data. Statistical analyses including ANOVA, t-tests, and descriptive statistics were conducted. The results indicated that: (i) students have positive attitudes toward chemistry laboratory, (ii) significant gaps exist when students’ scores on attitudes are linked with gender in favor of male students, and grade levels in favor of students in the junior level, and (iii) no significant interaction effect between gender and grade levels was observed, even though separately, gender mainly effects on students’ attitudes. The results contribute significantly to the effectiveness of the chemistry learning process at the tertiary level. By knowing the students’ initial attitudes, lecturers are expected to apply various teaching methods that can develop students’ positive attitudes and performance to a satisfactory level.

THE EFFECT OF ISLAMIC WORK ETHICS ON ENTREPRENEURIAL INTENTION AND ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE

Purpose: Having identified a gap in the literature, this study aimed to determine the role of Islamic Work Ethics (IWE) in creating high Academic Performance (APE) and Entrepreneurial Intention (ENI) among Indonesian undergraduate students.
 
 Theoretical framework: The motivation for entrepreneurship is a popular topic investigated in many studies. Previous studies showed that entrepreneurial activities are strongly connected to individuals' values. In this situation, Muslims should be inspired to become entrepreneurs because the Qur’an and Hadith discuss entrepreneurship. However, Islamic Work Ethics (IWE) has received less attention from scholars about its role in developing the Entrepreneurial Intention (ENI) of students as potential entrepreneurs.
 
 Design/ methodology/approach: This is a qualitative study that used structural equation modelling (SEM) to process data from 150 samples of Indonesian undergraduate students
 Findings: This study discovered that IWE played a significant role in driving all TPB factors, including ATB, SUN, and PCB, to promote ENI. which means IWE would encourage Muslims to embrace entrepreneurship as a means of sustaining Islamic teaching.
 
 Research, Practical & Social Implications: This study may serve as the foundation for Indonesian educational institutions to incorporate IWE into their curriculum. It is because the religious values as inherent in IWE will foster a positive attitude and spirit of achievement.

Elevating English Writing Skills Via Social Networking Sites (SNS): Focusing on Indonesian Undergraduate Students’ Perceptions

Since writing in English appears to be an issue for EFL learners, particularly in academic settings for undergraduate students, there is a need to identify some ways or methods of teaching that may assist students in improving their writing ability, such as implementing different platforms like Social Networking Sites (SNS) for teaching and learning English writing skills in the hopes that it will help students enhance their proficiency. This research aims to ascertain how SNS are used to improve writing skills in English by examining Indonesian undergraduates' perspectives and their preferences for English writing practice on their SNSs. This study employed a qualitative approach as the research design. The participants of this study were 42 undergraduate students majoring in English education at a private university in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research instruments employed a questionnaire and an interview. The results revealed that the utilization of SNS as a tool for English writing learning is perceived as helpful and beneficial for the development of undergraduate students' English writing skills.

MOBILE-ASSISTED LANGUAGE LEARNING IN KOREAN LANGUAGE CLASSES: INDONESIAN UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS’ EXPERIENCES AND PERCEPTIONS

The ubiquitous presence of mobile devices has benefited the implementation of foreign language learning through Mobile-Assisted Language Learning (MALL). Previous research highlights the portability aspect of mobile devices such as smartphones that can lead to spontaneous, flexible, and personalized learning activities. However, challenges remain; particularly the connectivity issues. The present study seeks to continue the discussion by investigating 79 Indonesian undergraduate students’ experiences and perceptions of MALL in their Korean language classes. The data were obtained by distributing a questionnaire to the students. The validity and reliability coefficients were also measured. Interview sessions were conducted afterward with eleven students to dig for further explanations. The results demonstrate that most students used smartphones for sending messages to peers, checking notifications, accessing materials, submitting their work, and sending messages to lecturers. Regarding the applications used, they frequently utilized smartphones for accessing Google Classroom, Zoom, and WhatsApp during their Korean classes. The results also revealed that while they perceived MALL as useful and flexible for learning Korean toward increased language skills, motivation, autonomy, and critical thinking, technical problems, and connectivity issues remain to be the main challenges. This study discusses some concerns in implementing MALL and its implications for future research.

Attitudes towards science in higher education: Validation of questionnaire among science teacher candidates and engineering students in Indonesia

In higher education, academic success and failure can be affected by students' affective states, such as their attitudes towards courses and learning. Many studies highlight the role of attitudes in the educational process resulting in a high demand for attitude assessments to plan comprehensive instructional strategies. The present study assessed and compared attitudes towards science in higher education. A total of 296 Indonesian undergraduate students from science teacher training and engineering majors participated in this study by completing the online Attitudes Towards Science Questionnaire (ATSQ). The validation analysis with confirmatory factor analysis and the Rasch model was performed to measure the instrument's properties resulting in a good fit model for the questionnaire's theoretical construct with acceptable individual fit items. Comparing the attitudes of science teacher candidates and engineering students, no significant differences were found in attitude towards science. Both groups revealed moderate attitudes, with higher responses to the science value variable, followed by enjoyment and confidence, anxiety and difficulty, and participation in science learning and activities. However, there were differences in the pattern of correlations between the variables, especially for anxiety and difficulty. The ATSQ has good psychometric properties and therefore can be used in research to assess attitudes towards science. It can stimulate further research in different contexts to confirm empirical evidence and promote attitude development in higher education.

EXPLORING CONFIDENCE ACCURACY AND ITEM DIFFICULTY IN CHANGING MULTIPLE-CHOICE ANSWERS OF SCIENTIFIC REASONING TEST

Purpose – Researchers discovered that when students were given the opportunity to change their answers, a majority changed theirresponses from incorrect to correct, and this change often increased the overall test results. What prompts students to modify theiranswers? This study aims to examine the modification of scientific reasoning test, with additional exploration on confidence accuracyand its relation to item difficulty. Methodology –A set of pre-test and post-test experiments which included 20 items of scientific reasoning test with confidencejudgement on each item were used. The items of the instruments were assessed for their validity by analysing their psychometric properties using the three-parameter (3PL) Item Response Theory, which was carried out in R studio. The set of items were randomly administered to 205 Indonesian undergraduate students with a background in science education related major. The accuracy of confidence was determined by categorising correct or incorrect answers to scientific reasoning questions based on their level of confidence. Findings –The results revealed that responses were modified more frequently from incorrect to correct than from correct to incorrect,resulting in a significant gain in overall scientific reasoning score although these modifications were not shown to be connected to theitem’s difficulty level. Even though confidence level also increased significantly, it was observed that Indonesian students repeatedlyresponded with overconfidence even after sitting for the same test after three weeks, which could indicate a lack of metacognitive ability. The findings of this study serve to spur educators to begin actively engaging in metacognitive training in their teaching and learning activities as a result of overconfidence that frequently occurs among Indonesian students in examinations. Significance –This study provides further substantiation in the field of scientific reasoning and cognitive science; that a trend of confidence accuracy change in scientific reasoning test has been observed. It also contributes to uncovering the true ability of Indonesian students when performing such reasoning tests through their repeated attempts.

Challenges on Teaching and Learning English for Specific Purposes (ESP) for Indonesian Undergraduate Students

This study examined the challenges both teachers and students in implementation of teaching and learning ESP. It focuses on mastering English in students’ needs relating to the specific fields. This used a qualitative study obtaining data from questionnaires and interviews. The findings showed that the students’ vocabulary mastery was an obstacle during learning ESP. It made the students felt difficult to comprehend the materials. Moreover, the teachers are supposed to prepare the ESP materials from textbooks and articles relating to the specific fields although there were lack of sources. However, learning ESP applied the students-centered activities and built an interaction between teachers and students during discussing and practicing the ESP materials. It encouraged the students to be active for their speaking skill improvement. It also assisted the students to enhance new vocabularies relating to the specific fields. Therefore, to achieve students’ comprehension in ESP, the teachers should develop ESP materials and method of teaching in order to deliver optimally the ESP contents.

Negotiating the challenges in speaking English for Indonesian undergraduate students in an ESL university

In Indonesia, English is not widely used for communication. Hence, Indonesian high school graduates who desire to study abroad may encounter difficulties communicating in English. One of the destination countries Indonesian students choose to study in is Malaysia. When studying in Malaysia, some may transition from EFL (English as a Foreign Language) to ESL (English as a Second Language) speakers as they are required to speak English more frequently, especially in academic contexts. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the challenges of speaking English for Indonesian undergraduate students, the contributing factors to the challenges, and the strategies used by the students to navigate the challenges. A number of 15 Indonesian EFL undergraduate students still registered as active students in an ESL university in Malaysia participated in this study. Data was collected via semi-structured interviews, transcribed, and thematically analysed. The findings were presented thematically with narrative excerpts to support them. The results indicated some challenges faced when students adjusted themselves in their higher education institution, including their psychological reactions, speaking academic English, and online learning. Therefore, to help EFL students be more prepared to speak English for academic contexts in an ESL environment, stakeholders in the education sector in Indonesia should consider providing more actions to focus on improving the English-speaking skills of students.

Indonesian Undergraduate Students' Perspectives of Plagiarism: An Interview Study

In Indonesia, plagiarism is regarded as a serious problem that has the potential to stifle the growth of creativity and innovation. However, research on plagiarism is still uncommon in Indonesia, particularly from the perspective of students. As a result, the purpose of this study is to look into the prevalence of plagiarism among undergraduate students at one of Sumatra’s most northern state universities. Bandura’ s social cognitive theory of moral cognition and behavior was used to examine and analyze the student’ s perspective on plagiarism. This study included 54 students from the final semester of the academic year. To assess students’ knowledge of and attitudes toward plagiarism, an online, semi-structured interview was conducted. According to the thematic analysis findings, university students have varying perspectives on plagiarism. Others saw inadvertent plagiarism as a necessary part of the learning process, and they held students accountable for their plagiarism. The findings have practical implications for faculty in interacting with students’ needs and expectations in order to produce meaningful and productive outcomes for all student cohorts.

STUDENTS' METACOGNITIVE SKILLS AND CRITICAL READING SKILLS OF KOREAN TEXTS: HOW DO THEY CORRELATE?

Metacognitive skills are considered a pivotal modal for students to develop critical literacy, especially in reading activities, as part of the main goals of 21st-century language education. These skills also help the students succeed in their learning process because they involve the ability to evaluate one's capacity and achievement in learning. Although much research has been initiated, Korean as a foreign language (KFL) student is little known. To fill the void, this ongoing study investigates the level of metacognitive skills in reading among Indonesian undergraduate students majoring in Korean language education. Employing a descriptive quantitative approach, the researchers distributed a questionnaire and interview on students’ metacognitive skills in critical reading. What about items about critical reading skills? It also turned out you have interview data. please include here in the abstract. The data were analyzed, focusing on the mean scores and percentages to get the main points of the student's responses and how students apply their metacognitive skills in critical reading. The results showed that as many as 75% of students had a moderate level of metacognitive skills, and only 5.5% had a high level of metacognitive skills. This shows that students' metacognitive abilities still need to be improved. Of the eight indicators measured, the ability in time management shows a low value. Meanwhile, the ability to implement strategies shows a high value. It can be concluded that students still have to improve their metacognitive skills in critical reading, especially in time management.

Negotiating voices in English as a lingua franca: Indonesian multilingual identity in English digital interactions

ABSTRACT Despite the existence of many studies on the identity of language learners in the offline settings, few focus on how English language learners in the expanding circle construct their identity through their use of English and their choices over their first language capital as they enjoy variations of multilinguacultural exposes in the digital space. To fill this gap, this study explores the voices of 267 Indonesian undergraduate students in negotiating their identity as English learners and users. Drawing on the poststructuralist approach and positioning theory of identity, this study shows how socio-cultural values and a hegemony that posits L1 users as the most rightful language model become sensitive factors affecting participants’ choices of languages, accent-preferences and desire to affiliate with diverse multilinguacultural persons in digital interactions. This article calls for the encouragement of translanguaging as discursive practice in the classrooms and beyond. Additionally, societal stigma on the existence and use of English which limits the identity options of Indonesian learners as users of English in the expanding circle should be responded strongly in digital interaction as well as offline encounters.

Clinical reasoning pattern used in oral health problem solving – A case study in Indonesian undergraduate dental students

BackgroundHealth professionals are known to use various combinations of knowledge and skills, such as critical thinking, clinical reasoning, clinical judgment, problem-solving, and decision-making, in conducting clinical practice. Clinical reasoning development is influenced by knowledge and experience, the more knowledge and experience, the more sophisticated clinical reasoning will be. However, clinical reasoning research in dentistry shows varying results .AimsThis study aims to observe the clinical reasoning pattern of undergraduate dental students when solving oral health problems, and their accordance with their knowledge acquisition.Material and methodsThis qualitative study employed the think-aloud method and the result was assessed through verbal protocol analyses. Five respondents from final year dental undergraduate students were agreed to participate. A unique hypothetical clinical scenario was used as a trigger. The audio data were transcribed, interpreted, and categorized as a clinical reasoning pattern; and the concept maps created were assessed by a Structure of Learning Outcomes (SOLO) taxonomy as knowledge acquisition.ResultsObservations on clinical reasoning patterns and the level of knowledge acquisition in five undergraduate dental students showed varying results. They applied clinical reasoning patterns according to their knowledge acquisition during didactical phase. Learners with inadequate knowledge relied on guessing, meanwhile learners with adequate knowledge applied more sophisticated reasoning pattern when solving problems.ConclusionsVarious problem-solving strategies were encountered in this study, which corresponded to the level of knowledge acquisition. Dental institutions must set minimum standards regarding the acquisition of conceptual knowledge accompanied by improvement of clinical reasoning skills, as well as refinement of knowledge and procedural skills.

Indonesian undergraduate students' perceptions of problem-based learning implementation in an ELT class: A small-scale survey

This study aimed at identifying Indonesian undergraduate students’ perceptions of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) implementation in an English language education department at a private university in Indonesia. Using total population sampling, 74 students who were taking a language classroom management course in which PBL was implemented through collaborative work were involved in this survey study. The data were collected using a 21-item questionnaire from Jaeger and Adair (2014) that was based on Senocak (2009). The data were then analyzed statistically to identify the participating students’ perceptions of PBL implementation by interpreting the patterns of the data. Based on the results of this study, the participants tended to perceive that PBL helped them become more self-directed. However, many of them felt that the collaborative work implemented in PBL was more a difficulty than an ease. The implication of this study is also discussed.DOI: 10.26905/enjourme.v7i2.9032

Validation of the Indonesian resilience evaluation scale in an undergraduate student population

BackgroundPsychological resilience is an important factor in coping with Potentially Traumatic Events (PTEs) and might mitigate the development of trauma-related disorders. Due to the high risk of natural disasters, criminal activity, and transportation accidents among the Indonesian population, it is critical to assess psychological resilience as a protective factor. This study aimed to validate the Resilience Evaluation Scale (RES) in Indonesian undergraduate students.MethodsWe recruited 327 students (78% female, the mean age is 19.61 (SD = 1.24)) between March and June 2020 using convenience sampling, 256 (78.28%) of whom completed the RES twice with an interval of 2 weeks for test-retest reliability purposes. Parallel Analysis and Exploratory Factor Analysis were performed to examine the construct validity of the RES. The internal consistency and the test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach Alpha, Pearson Correlations, and Interclass Correlation Coefficients (ICC). Convergent and divergent validity were examined using Pearson Correlations.ResultsEFA analysis yielded a two-factor structure for the final eight-item Indonesian version of RES, which reflected two underlying constructs of resilience: self-confidence and self-efficacy. The Indonesian version of RES demonstrated good internal consistency (α = 0.74–0.82) and test-retest reliability (r = 0.68–0.78; ICC = 0.67–0.78). The result showed that the RES total and subscale scores positively correlated with all criterion variables (resilience, self-efficacy, self-esteem, level of global functioning, and adaptive coping strategy; r = 0.27–0.73). RES total and subscale scores negatively correlated with opposite constructs (PTSD, depression, social/work impairment, and maladaptive coping strategy; r = - 0.27– -0.46).ConclusionsThe current study showed that the Indonesian RES is a valid and reliable measurement of psychological resilience in Indonesian undergraduate students. The final 8-item Indonesian RES, a freely available resilience instrument, is recommended for future studies and public mental health initiatives in the Indonesian population.

Investigating Listening to English Pop Song in Augmenting Vocabulary Mastery: A Case Study of Indonesian Undergraduate Students' Views

Mastering vocabulary is one of the difficulties for EFL learners in learning English due to various factors such as diverse cultures, language constructions, and learning motivation. Thus, elevating vocabulary needs promising activities such as listening to English pop songs. This study investigates listening to English pop songs to augment vocabulary mastery in Indonesian undergraduate students’ views. This study used a descriptive qualitative study as the research design. The participants of this study were 20 university students from diverse public and private universities with distinct majors in Jakarta, Indonesia. The research instruments in this study employed the questionnaire and interview. The results of this research indicate that listening to English pop songs promotes potential activity for the participants in augmenting their vocabulary mastery and other skills.