Indonesian Ulema Council Research Articles

Worshippers smoking in mosques: Violation of fatwas of ulemas and governor regulation

The Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) has issued an illegitimate fatwa against smoking in mosques because it endangers the health of worshippers and interferes with the comfort of worshippers. This study aims to investigate smoking behaviour in mosques and violations of fatwas from ulama and governor regulations. This study follows a cross-sectional design conducted by interviewing 531 Muslims who have prayed in the mosque for the last 14 days and observed the compliance of the mosque in implementing a smoke-free policy in 315 mosques. Frequency distribution and cross-tabulation were carried out using JASP 16 software using cross-tabulation. The results of this study indicate that the implementation of the smoke-free policy for mosques in Medan has been violated many times (57.8%), especially the violation regarding smoking in mosques (32.1%); cigarette butts were still found in the yard of the mosque (44.1%). Violations of the policy of fatwa smoke-free areas occurred in public mosques (61%) and muhammadiyah mosques (46.5%). Smoking behaviour in mosques was seen in the last 2 weeks, namely smoking behaviour carried out by worshippers (57.6%), smoking behaviour carried out by mosque administrators (39.2%), smoking behaviour carried out by community leaders in mosques (19.4%) and smoking behaviour that ulemas carried out in mosques (14.3%). Worshippers must comply with the rules against smoking in mosques because it can endanger the health of other worshippers. Cigarette smoke in the mosque will make other worshippers uncomfortable to worship so that it can damage the solemnity of the congregation to worship in the mosque.Contribution: This study is expected to explain smoking behaviour in mosques, violations of smoking behaviour in mosques that violate the ulama’s fatwa regarding smoking behaviour in mosques and the governor’s regulation on smoking behaviour in mosques.

Analisis Praktik Trading Saham Syariah Dalam Perspektif Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Studi Kasus IDX Kalimantan Selatan

This study aims to analyze the practice of Islamic stock trading in the perspective of Islamic economic law, the case study of the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) in South Kalimantan. Using a qualitative research method with a field research approach, the author goes directly to the field to conduct observations and interviews related to the Islamic stock trading system at Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) South Kalimantan. The object of this research is Sharia Stock Trading Practice. The results of this study are that the mechanism for trading in Indonesian sharia shares uses Sharia Online Trading System (SOTS), namely the omission of the Margin Trading and Short Selling features and the shares traded may only be shares included in the Sharia Securities flat. Even though using the Sharia Online Trading System (SOTS) system, it turns out that several transaction activities that are prohibited by Fatwa of the National Sharia Council of the Indonesian Ulema Council include fake demand/supply, pump and dump, cornering, heading behavior and fear of missing out. In the perspective of sharia economic law, the practice of trading sharia shares in a trading mechanism has been declared to be in accordance with the findings of several prohibited practices, which can make the practice of trading sharia shares inconsistent with the principles of sharia economic law.

The progressiveness of Quranic interpretation in the fatwa of Muhammadiyah on female circumcision

The Indonesian Muslim community has been accustomed to requesting and carrying out religious Fatwas related to ibadah (worship) or mu’amalah (worldly dealings) in religious organizations that gave rise to various Fatwas, such as Muhammadiyah, Nahdlatul Ulama (NU), and the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI). This paper focuses on female circumcision, by comparing how the same Quranic verses and Hadith can have various interpretations and Fatwas. Although the source of producing the Fatwa is the same (al-Quran and Hadith), the Fatwa that emerges from three Islamic organization are completely different. Qualitative research methods include interviews and literature review, with Fatwas from religious organizations and interviews being the primary sources. This research concludes that Fatwa from Muhammadiyah is considered the most progressive and has a strong perspective on gender equality and justice by prohibiting female circumcision. On the other hand, the Fatwa from NU and MUI supports and allows female circumcision, even though it has negative impacts on women and baby girls, including the death of baby girls.

REVIEW OF ISLAMIC LAW OF THE STRATEGY FOR THE EMPOWERMENT OF WAKAF FUNDS IN THE AL-QUR'AN WAKAF BOARD (BWA) YOGYAKARTA

Waqf is one of the teachings of Islam that has socio-economic value for the welfare of society. Along with the times, waqf is not only in the form of goods, but can also be in the form of money and productive waqf. In fact, this understanding of the development of waqf is not widely known by the public, including in the Yogyakarta area. Waqf has a big role in providing the benefits of waqf property in Indonesia. Good institutional administration and strategies in the utilization of waqf funds are very important aspects to pay attention to, in order to achieve the goals of the waqf itself. Each waqf institution has its own strategy to realize its vision and mission, as well as BWA Yogyakarta which has an innovative strategy in order to realize its programs. What is the strategy for utilizing waqf funds at BWA Yogyakarta? What is the strategy for utilizing waqf funds at BWA Yogyakarta in a normative and juridical review?
 The type of research carried out by the authors is field research, the nature of this research is prescriptive research, the approach used by the authors is a normative empirical approach with mas}lah}ah mursalah theory, the data source consists of primary data and secondary data, data collection techniques in the research consists of methods of observation, interviews, and documentation, and the frame of mind that the compiler uses in data analysis is the inductive method.
 The result of this research is that BWA Yogyakarta has three strategies, namely Expansion Strategy (Traffic), Prospect Funding Strategy, and Customer and Partner Strategy. The application of the three strategies of BWA Yogyakarta normatively is in accordance with the concept of mas}lah}ah mursalah, and juridically, the three strategies follow most of the regulations stipulated by law, namely Article 4, Article 5, Article 11, Article 21, Article 22, Article 28, Article 42, Article 43 of Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning Waqf, Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006 concerning Implementation of Law Number 41 of 2004, Article 22 paragraph 1 and the Fatwa Commission of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) on 11 May 2002. However, the three strategies did not fully implement Article 21 of Law Number 41 of 2004 concerning waqf and Government Regulation Number 42 of 2006 article 26.

THE USE OF MASK AND STRETCHING THE SHAF OF JUSTICE PRAYERS IN THE PANDEMIC PERIOD IN MUI FATWA NUMBER 31 OF 2020: QAWAID FIQHIYYAH PERSPECTIVE

On June 4 2020, the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) issued fatwa Number 31 of 2020 concerning "Organization of Friday and Congregational Prayers to Prevent the Transmission of the Covid-19 Outbreak. The fatwa then became the object of scientific study from various perspectives, including regarding prayers using masks and stretching the shaf when praying in congregation. However, no one has yet discussed the relevance and accuracy of the fiqh principles used in fatwas. In fact, the principles of fiqh are one of the normative dimensions of Islamic law which are directly related to practical situations. For this reason, the author feels the need to make aspects of fiqh principles in fatwa as study material - so that the discussion is carried out in a normative (doctrinal) way. After reviewing, the author concludes that the principles used in the fatwa are very relevant and accurate. Therefore, praying using a mask and stretching the shaf is a very appropriate fatwa, because this fulfills the elements of a syar'i intention, namely an endeavor to break the chain of the spread of the life-threatening Covid-19 pandemic

BITCOIN DI INDONESIA: SELAIN HARAM, ANCAMANKAH TERHADAP LINGKUNGAN?

Bitcoin is the first cryptocurrency that is widely accessible and the most sought after by investors working in the Cryptocurrency world. At the same time, the price of Bitcoin continues to fluctuate, raising concerns about inflation and monetary aggregates in Indonesia. Therefore, Bank Indonesia (BI) prohibits financial institutions in Indonesia from using cryptocurrencies as a means of payment or financial services. This is also supported by the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) institution by prohibiting the use of cryptocurrencies in Indonesia. Apart from the policies of Bank Indonesia and the MUI, there are several factors that cause the use of cryptocurrencies to be prohibited in Indonesia, including having a negative impact on the economy and the environment.
 Keyword: Cryptocurrency; Bitcoin; Indonesian policy; environmental impact.

Implementasi Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi Tentang Kedudukan Anak Luar Kawin Di Wilayah Pengadilan Agama Kelas 1A Bengkulu Dan Dinas Kependudukan Dan Catatan Sipil Kota Bengkulu

The decision of the Constitutional Court Number 46/PUU-VIII/2010 regarding the legal status of children out of wedlock, decided that: Children born out of wedlock only have a civil relationship with their mother and their mother's family as well as with a man as their father which can be proven based on science. and technology and/or other evidence according to the law having a civil relationship, including a civil relationship with his father's family, has raised pros and cons not only among the public, but also among law enforcement and the Indonesian Ulema Council. This study aims to determine and analyze (1) the implementation of the Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 concerning the Position of Out-of-Marriage Children in the Class 1A Bengkulu Religious Court Area and the Bengkulu City Population and Civil Registry Office, (2) legal consequences of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 concerning the position of children out of wedlock to the rights of children out of wedlock, and the opinion of the Judge of the Bengkulu Class 1A Religion Court. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 concerning the position of children out of wedlock. The research method was carried out empirically and normatively. The data used are primary data and secondary data. Primary data was obtained by means of direct interviews with parties related to handling the problem of the object of research, while secondary data was obtained by means of library research. The results of the research are expected to serve as input for decision makers and society in general. Field results show that until now there has never been an application for determination of the position of a child out of wedlock in the area of the Religious Court Class 1A Bengkulu, and if there is an application for the determination of a child out of wedlock, an examination and proof will be carried out regarding the origin of the child, while for the Department of Population and Records The Bengkulu City Civil Service is only for disfiguring and administering the child status determination which has been determined by the Bengkulu Class 1A Religious Court. The legal consequences of Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 concerning the position of illegitimate children with respect to the rights of children born out of wedlock only have a civil relationship with their mother and biological father and the families of their father and mother, but only have a kinship relationship with their mother and with their mother's family, while to his biological father and his father's family, the child is not related by lineage. The opinion of the Indonesian Ulema Council of Bengkulu City is in line with the opinion of the Indonesian Ulema Council which issued a fatwa that the Constitutional Court Decision No. 46/PUU-VIII/2010 Regarding the Position of Children Out of wedlock to the rights of children out of wedlock that children resulting from adultery do not have nasab, marriage guardian, inheritance, and nafaqah relationships with men resulting in their birth. Children resulting from adultery only have kinship, inheritance, and nafaqah relationships with their mothers and their mother's family

The Role of Religious Leaders as Opinion Leaders in Government Communications Related to COVID-19

Covid 19, it is undeniable that it has had a bad impact on people's lives, both in the health aspect, as well as in the political, economic, social, etc. This made the government then issue several handling policies, including: Implementing restrictions on community activities, implementing health protocols, including various rules in the order of religious life, one of which is an appeal to carry out worship at home. So that people can immediately know and obey these rules, of course we need an appropriate communication strategy by paying attention to the role of an opinion leader. Bulukumba Regency, South Sulawesi Province, which is the location of this research, is an area that has regulations on religion. Therefore, a religious figure can be said to be an opinion leader who has a strategic position, especially in communicating government policies related to Covid 19 on religious issues. This is in line with the two-step model of communication flow, both in the pattern of face-to-face communication and mass communication, which introduced the concept of opinion leader. This research method is descriptive qualitative with the aim of providing an overview of the role of religious leaders in government communication. Through the interview process with the Chairperson of the Indonesian Ulema Council and the Young Dai of Bulukumba Regency, it is known that religious leaders have a role in government communication in Bulukumba Regency, through direct da'wah or using digital media. Furthermore, of course the results of this research are expected to be an input for the government, in considering and determining opinion leaders on other issues.

Metaverse And Hajj: The Meaning Of Muslims In Indonesia

This study describes and explains the meaning of Muslims in Indonesia in the discourse of the pilgrimage through the metaverse space. The description in this study will provide a more comprehensive discussion of the discourse of the pilgrimage through metaverse in the meaning of Muslims in Indonesia. This study uses a virtual ethnographic method, which emphasizes data collection through reading online news texts through the Google search engine using the search keyword “Wacana Ibadah Haji melalui Metaverse". The findings in this study show that the discourse of the pilgrimage through metaverse space such as visualization of Hajj symbols and imitation of Hajj practices through virtual reality (VR) methods, such as visualization of the Kaaba and the Grand Mosque. The two forms have significantly influenced the meaning of Muslims in Indonesia in evaluating the discourse of the pilgrimage through the metaverse space. This evaluation was shown by several religious organizations in Indonesia, such as the Indonesian Ulama Council, Nahdlatul Ulama, and Muhammadiyah.

JUAL BELI SUKUK DI BURSA EFEK INDONESIA SURABAYA

Sukuk was an investment instrument that provides opportunities for Muslim and non-Muslim investors to invest in Indonesia.It could be used to build the nation's economy and create society welfare. The facts showed that the market would be very responsive to the sukuk issuance. Almost all sukuk was issued, was absorbed by the market, even in some cases caused excess demand.
 The sale and purchase of sukuk on the Indonesia Stock Exchange was carried out in four processes, from the account opening and order submissionstage, the order processing stage, the transaction stage, and the clearing, guarantee and transaction settlement stages.They applied to all types of securities traded on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The difference lies only in the specifications of transactions such as fractions and price limits, which are carried out by educating the public about the process. While the form of transactions was carried out at securities trading places based on precautionary principles and sharia principles which refered to the fatwa of the National Sharia Board - Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN-MUI) and the Financial Services Authority (POJK) as the institution that oversees and regulates the process of the Sukuk transaction mechanism on the Indonesia Stock Exchange in Surabaya.

Determinant of Muslim Community Intention in Performing Cash Waqf

The Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) is of the opinion through Fatwa number 2 of 2002 that cash waqf is permissible. Cash waqf is the same as land or building waqf. According to Imam al-Zuhri, waqf dinars (money) are acceptable, using money as capital and profits generated from efforts that are donated to people who are entitled to receive waqf. The aim of this paper was to investigate the impact of attitudes, subjective norms, behavioral control and religiosity on people's interest in cash waqf. This research is quantitative research with data collection using a questionnaire and conducted with google form. Multiple regression test was used to predict the interest of 130 Muslim respondents who were sampled on the island of Java which were selected by purposive sampling method. The findings of our analysis reveal that there is a statistically significant positive effect between subjective norms and religiosity and public interest in cash waqf

نظرية المصلحة وتطبيقاتها في فتاوى الاقتصادية المعاصرة في هيئة الشرعية الوطنية لمجلس العلماء الإندونيسي

The study aims to know the position of the rule “wherever there is interest, then God’s judgment” with the National Shariah Board of the Indonesian Ulema Council and its approach to applying the rule in its fatwa, especially those related to Islamic education. The study relied on the analytical descriptive research method, law the method of content analysis or the so-called (content analysis). The study concluded that the position of the rule with the authority is very important in deducing the ruling, and this appears in the authority’s use of this rule in twenty-eight fatwa out of 143 fatwa, and that The approach of the Shariah board in applying the rule is the approach of the righteous predecessors in applying the interest, taking into account the controls of the interest, except in some cases, the board advances the interest, because one of the committee’s approach is the systematic facilitation and reconsideration that depends on them in issuing the fatwa for the benefit of the nation. Keywords: Maslahat, Fatwa, Rules, Application

PERAN MUI PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGAH DALAM MENETAPKAN LABEL HALAL PADA PRODUK MAKANAN

Allah's teaching requires us to always maintain the halal food that we consume; it certainly contains various purposes and benefits. This article describes the role of the Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) of Central Sulawesi Province in establishing halal labels on food products in Palu City. This study aims at finding out about the role of MUI in setting halal labels on food products for SMEs and the legal basis for setting halal labels on food products in Palu. The results of this study shows that the existence of halal certification provides benefits for producers if their product labelled a halal label in each package and has a halal certification. The seller’s income can be increased because the consumers will trust to the product with a halal label. In fact, it is not only Muslim consumers who like to consume halal products, but also non-Muslims consumers consume a lot of halal products. The determination of halal label by MUI must go through the rules that have been applied in Law no. 33 of 2014 concerning the guarantee of halal products, it has been regulated that every product that has been circulated and traded in Indonesia, especially in Palu, must have a halal certification except for haram products.

Strategi Pemberdayaan Ekonomi Desa Melalui Zakatnomics

This Community Service (PkM) aims to provide education and guidance to the community about the urgency and strategy of economic empowerment in rural areas through the concept of zakatnomics. Village economic empowerment is needed in realizing the independence of rural communities through the concept of zakatnomics. Education and coaching in this PkM activity was carried out on August 13, 2022 in the Nasol Village Hall, Cikoneng District, Ciamis Regency. The implementation prioritizes collaboration with the Nasol Village Government which consists of the Village Consultative Body (BPD), the Village Zakat Collecting Unit (UPZ), the Village Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) and cadres of Family Welfare Empowerment (PKK). The participants of this activity are representatives of small business actors in the Nasol Village area as many as 30 (thirty) people. The topic used as material in this activity is a discussion of how the rural economy can be empowered through the zakatnomics strategy. The potential for economic empowerment in Nasol Village needs encouragement both in terms of capital resources and human resources. One elaboration of the encouragement of capital resources can be applied through optimizing the role of the UPZ institution as an organization formed by the Regency National Amil Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) which is authorized to collect Zakat, Infaq and Alms (ZIS) funds and can be authorized in terms of assistance in the distribution of funds. The purpose of this PkM is to provide motivational stimulants and insight to the people of Nasol Village about economic empowerment strategies through integrated programs between Islamic financial practices, namely those sourced from ZIS funds and enthusiasm for economic activities.
 Keywords: Economic Empowerment, Zakatnomics, Islamic Finance, Village Independence.

Factors Related to the Parental Decision in Conducting Measles-Rubella Vaccination to the Children in South Sulawesi, Indonesia

The Measles and Rubella (MR) vaccination was declared haram by the Indonesian Ulema Council. However, it can still be used in an emergency. This makes parents hesitate to vaccinate their children with measles and rubella vaccine. In addition, various effects of Measles and Rubella vaccination like autism, fever, and death are also spread on social media. Vaccination is one of the interventions in the health sector that is expected to reduce mortality from preventable diseases by vaccination, including measles and rubella. This study used a qualitative descriptive research method with a participatory approach, carried out from October to December 2020, in Tompobulu and Tinggimoncong Sub-District, Gowa District South Sulawesi. The research informants were 32 people consisting of parents who had children aged 9-30 months old. The results showed that the parental decision to vaccinate their children with MR depended on the understanding obtained (source of information), attitudes and beliefs of parents, social capital, and lifestyle. An appropriate understanding encouraged parents to do MR vaccination on their children. Negative attitudes might influence parents to refuse MR vaccination. It is expected that health workers will conduct socialization and provide appropriate information regarding vaccinations given to children.

Talkshow Online sebagai Bentuk Peran MUI dalam Pemulihan Karakter Keluarga di Masa New Normal

The research objective is to provide participants with provision, knowledge, and skills about the importance of maintaining attachment in the family, especially in the new normal era. The activity of the research was in the form of a talk show titled "Family Character and Covid-19 (Challenges and Hopes)" conducted by the Commission on The Empowerment of Women, Adolescents, and Families of the Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI). The number of participants who participated in the talk show was 556 people from different educational backgrounds, professions, and ages from various institutions in South Sulawesi. Data collection instruments use questionnaires distributed through Google Forms. Data is processed using descriptive analysis. This community service was considered to have a distribution of material that follows the theme. Furthermore, the participants stated that the material presented on the talk show was very in-depth, valuable, and relevant to their requirements. The material presented can resuscitate the participants on the importance of restoring family character in the new normal era.

Pengaruh Sertfikasi Halal Dan Produk Ayam Kane Terhadap Minat Beli Masyarakat Kelurahan Tengah Kecamatan Cibinong Kabupaten Bogor

Indonesia is a country with the highest and largest Muslim population and this number constitutes 13.1 percent of the total number of Muslims in the world. Indonesia is a country with the largest Muslim population in Southeast Asia, amounting to 207,176.162. The large number of Muslim population is a potential market for various producers of goods and services. Muslim consumers in Indonesia are looking for authentic halal certification issued by the MUI (Indonesian Ulema Council). This certification gives the company the authority to use the halal logo to be printed on product packaging or to be displayed on the company premise. This situation has triggered the growing need for halal food supplies in the Muslim community in Indonesia, because the Muslim community still really needs the halal capacity of a company. the food they eat every day. This study aims to see the effect of halal products and certificates on people's buying interest, especially in the community of the Middle Village, Cibinong District, Bogor Regency, this study uses a quantitative research method using the population in this study is the buyer of chicken kane products with non-probability sampling. Purposive sampling and using the Slovin formula. Data collection was in the form of a questionnaire with the data analysis technique used was Partial Least Square (PLS). the results of this study indicate that halal certificates have a positive and significant effect on people's buying interest and chicken kane products have a positive and significant effect on people's buying interest, for ayam kane still strengthen aspects of product halal and strengthen aspects of existing product quality to strengthen buying interest .
 
 Keywords: Kane Chicken Products, Halal Certificate, Buying Interest

Controversial Fatwas from Indonesian Ulema Council: A Study of the Legal Sociology Perspective

Indonesian Ulema Council (MUI) as a fatwa provider in Indonesia has produced many fatwas, and not all fatwas can be received by the public, some fatwas such as celebrating Christmas together, SMS with prizes, and abstentions. This research is sourced from MUI fatwas which are considered controversial. The results of the study indicate that there are various factors that cause controversial MUI fatwas in the community. First, in the input process, there were several cases that generated controversy in the community before being issued a fatwa. Second, the performance process of legal discovery in the MUI institution itself, which has various opinions from scholars, so controversy becomes something that is unavoidable. Third, in the output process, several MUI fatwas invited controversy due to the low level of socialization and public acceptance of MUI.
 
 Received: 2 July 2022 / Accepted: 26 August 2022 / Published: 2 September 2022

Halal Medicine Selection Process in Sharia-Certified Hospital

One of the standards in medicine service compiled by the National Sharia Council of Indonesian Ulema Council (DSN MUI) and Indonesian Islamic Health Effort Council (MUKISI) is a drug formulary that does not contain haram substances. In addition, the number of medicines with a halal label in Indonesia is still limited. Even though there is law no. 33 of 2014, which requires a halal certification for all products, including medicines sold in Indonesia. The pharmaceutical industry has not fully supported this issue and still faces many challenges in making this happen. The purpose of this study is to determine the implementation of the halal medicine selection process in Nur Hidayah Hospital Yogyakarta. It is qualitative research with a case study approach. Data were collected using interview, observation, and documentation techniques. The study reveals four themes in the halal medicine implementation selection process at Nur Hidayah Hospital. Those are medicine screening based on sharia principles, the limitation of medicine with the halal label, the use of haram medicine based on doctor-patient agreement using sharia informed consent, and producer statement as a middle ground.

The Domination Of Indonesian Ulama Council Withhold Law Of Halal Product Guarantee

In the relation of law and politic perspective, law is not a neutral entity. Law is a battleground domain for political interests and as instrument of group domination. It can be seen in the formation and implementation of the Halal Law. This research aims to analyze the role of Indonesian Ulama Council (MUI) in the formation and implementation of the Halal Product Guarantee Act. This research uses socio legal method. The research result shows that MUI dominates by hold up the formation and implementation of the Halal Law. This is done by dominating the legitimacy of identity as a religious organization and using a network of organizations and political actors so that the process of establishing rules and administering halal law by BPJPH is hampered. Delegitimacy and disturbance are also experienced through requests for judicial review of the Halal Certification Law to the Constitutional Court and lawsuits to the courts.