Indonesian National Standards Research Articles

Nursing 'new normal' education: an investigation of barriers and strategies of curriculum planning to meet national standards

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has a major effect on nursing education in Indonesia, it needs for adaptation of the curriculum to achieve competent nursing graduates meet national and international standards. The aim of this study is to explore the barriers and strategies of nursing education of private institutions, in curriculum planning in the new normal era during the COVID-19 pandemic.Methods: This qualitative study was conducted in five nursing study programs in East Java. Data collection was carried out by in-depth interviews, observations, documentation studies of 25 participants, with the criteria of lecturers being actively involved in curriculum planning based on Indonesian national standards. The data used purposive sampling and snowball sampling. The data validity is carried out with four criteria: credibility, dependability, confirmability, and transferability. Data analysis was carried out using the model approach of Miles, Huberman & Saldana. Data records from interviews, observations and documentation then carried out data selection, reducing, focusing on data findings (data condensation). Results: The study found five themes: (1) barriers from human resources, (2) barriers during the curriculum planning process, (3) barriers for Nursing Study Program lecturers in obtaining information sources related to Indonesian Qualification framework-based curriculum planning, (4) strengthen the pro-active leadership of study programs; (5) foster dynamic communication between curriculum teams.Conclusion: The results showed, in pandemic crisis COVID-19, the need for a curriculum planning workshop with clear technical guidelines in producing an effective, efficient, adaptable nursing curriculum, the effective one of planning has high potential in producing high quality nursing graduates.

COMPARISON OF ANALYTIC PERFORMANCE OF RESULTS OF DETERMINATION OF Pb METAL IONS USING ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETER of VARIOUS in SAMARINDA LABORATORIES

The study about the comparison of analytical performance of the determination of Pb metal ions using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer in various laboratories in samarinda has been conducted. The validated methods are linearity, detection limits, quantity and precision limits. The results showed, a standardized regression test obtained by laboratory A, a value of R2 ≥ 0.4103, laboratory B a value of R2 ≥ 0.983 and laboratory C, a value of R2 ≥ 0.000. The detection limit found at laboratory A was 0.6728 µg/L, laboratory B was 0.1989 µg/L and laboratory C was 0.0001 µg/L. The quantization limit obtained by laboratory A was 0.6817 µg/L, laboratory B was 0.6063 µg/L and laboratory C was 0.0001 µg/L. The precision test of laboratory A was 7.2208, laboratory B was 5.4557 and laboratory C was 0,000. The result of determining Pb of gas station soil samples in laboratory A is 0.737 µg/L and laboratory B is 0.391 µg/L, so that means they have exceeded the quality standards set by the Indonesian National Standard (INS).

Education of Snack Food Safety To Emeyodore Elementary School Students, Sorong City, West Papua

Snack food plays an important role in providing energy and nutrient intake for school-age children which will support the growth and learning achievement of school children. School-age children are the nation's investment, because children are the nation's next generation. The quality of the nation in the future is determined by the quality of today's children. The safety of safe and healthy food snacks must meet the minimum criteria according to Indonesian national standards in terms of microbiology, chemistry and physics. Efforts to improve human resources must be carried out early, systematically and continuously. The purpose of this service is education on healthy food safety for students at the Emeyodere Elementary School in Sorong City. The service method used is the method of counseling or socializing about healthy snacks. The results of the community service activities showed that the children of SD Emeyedore, especially the second and third graders, were very enthusiastic, because the method used was by providing direct observations about the objects of snacks that were safe and healthy for consumption.

Preliminary Characterization of Seaweed Agar Sheet Products: Case Study of Local Small and Medium Enterprise in Java Island

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in Indonesia have grown quite rapidly and play an important role in modern economies. Many innovative products have been developed; however, the monitoring of product quality is rare. The aim of this study was to perform a comparative evaluation of the characteristics of agar sheet products from local MSMEs in Java Island, Indonesia. Moisture content, acid-insoluble ash content, total mould count, heavy metals (Pb, Zn, and As, Cu, Sn, Hg) and gel strength of three different agar sheet products were evaluated. Moreover, evaluation of its commercial packaging was carried out according to the regulation of the National Agency of Drug and Food Control (NADFC). The results reveal that the moisture content of agar sheets ranged from 17.48 % to 21.64 %, the acid-insoluble ash contents were lower than the maximum limit by Indonesian National Standard (INS), whereas according to the sensory inspection, the presence of mould was not found. Heavy metals were found at low levels, below the maximum allowable limit by INS. However, all agar sheets have poor gel strength (approximately 32.24 g/cm2 – 77.49 g/cm2). The result of packaging evaluation showed that neither packaging design, nor packaging label of all agar sheet products were excellent. The packaging label was prepared inappropriately according to NADFC. In conclusion, these agar characteristics and packaging quality were lack the minimum standard required. Therefore, product enhancements, such as processing and packaging innovations can be introduced to meet the minimum standard and improve the quality.

EVALUASI MUTU SABUN PADAT DENGAN PENAMBAHAN VARIASI EKSTRAK ETANOL TEMBAKAU (Nicotiana tabacum L.)

The extract of tobacco leaves can also be used as a natural addition in making a hard soap. Hard soap from tobacco extracts produced must comply with the quality requirements specified by Indonesian National Standard (abbreviated SNI-3532: 2016). The objective of this study is to evaluate the quality of solid soap preparations with the addition of variations in the ethanol extract of tobacco. The method used is a laboratory experimental method using descriptive analysis. The concentration of tobacco extract used was 0 g, 1.2 g, 2.4 g, and 4.8 g. A testing parameter is used including water content, total fat, ethanol-insoluble, alkaline free, chloride content, and non-soapy fat as well. The result of study indicates that a hard soap containing of water content range between 13,45% to 14,37, total fat range between 65,88% to 66,63%, ethanol-insoluble range between 3,97% to 4,31%, alkaline free range between 0,056% to 0,0584%, chloride content range between 0,61% to 0,87% and non-soapy fat range between 0,3% to 0,36%. The results of the study for solid soap obtained is in accordance with Indonesian National Standards so that this kind of soap is safe for use by the public.

The Artificial Lighting Analysis of Study Rooms in Dormitories and Classrooms Islamic Boarding School Of Lil Banat Parepare

This study aims to find out the intensity of light in the study room of Islamic boarding school of DDI Lil Banat Parepare. Measurements are taken in rooms that are often used by students to learn, namely classes and dormitories. The type of research used is quantitative by simulation method. Variables are tied to exposure measurement i.e. light intensity. While the variables are free, namely the arrangement of light points and the layout of the study room. Measurements were carried out over three days using a digital lux meter tool. The measurement results showed that the intensity of light in the dormitory did not meet the Indonesian National Standard for study space both night and day. During the day classrooms meet Indonesian National Standards but not at night. Although students as a space user is comfortable with the condition of light intensity in the study room and can learn according to these conditions, students still feel some complaints in the form of sore eyes, tense eyes and difficulty focusing. Thus, researchers made recommendations on the design of study rooms that can make students more comfortable learning in dormitories and classrooms so as to reduce complaints while studying. Lighting design recommendations are made in several alternatives by adding the number of lamps and changing the type of lamp using Dialux simulation. The simulation results of the study room lighting design recommendations have met the standards for use so that it can be applied to dormitories and classes at the Islamic boarding school of DDI Lil Banat Parepare.
 
 Keywords: Artificial lighting design; study room; light intensity

Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points in Handling Frozen Tuna Steak (Case Study at PT. Awindo International, Jakarta, Indonesia)

This research aims to analyze the hazard and determine critical control points in the process of handling frozen tuna steak at PT. Awindo International located in Muara Baru, North Jakarta. The research was conducted at PT. Awindo International from March to April 2021. The research was conducted using the case study method. The research procedure includes observation of the handling process flow, analysis of potential hazards, identification of critical control points, organoleptic, microbiological and chemical testing. The data obtained from the study were analyzed descriptively. Hazards that have the potential to occur in the process of handling frozen tuna steak are biological, physical and chemical hazards. The results of the hazard analysis obtained critical control points at the stage of receiving raw materials and metal inspection. The results of the organoleptic test of raw materials as a whole have a good value and are in accordance with company standards and Indonesian national standards (SNI), so that they can proceed to the production stage. The results of the microbiological test showed that complied with the standards, namely Salmonella sp. negative, Vibrio cholerae negative, Escherichia coli <1.8 MPN/g, Coliform <1.8 MPN/g, ALT 12 x 103 colonies/g. The results of the chemical test showed good results with the value of the chemical content that complied with the standards, namely histamine 2.92 mg/kg, mercury 0.05 mg/kg, negative lead, and cadmium 0.019 mg/kg.

The characteristics of stability test using Bantak as the main aggregate

This study aims to determine the characteristics of the stability test using Bantak as the main material. Fundamental studies in terms of the characteristics of Stability values include Density (Density), Flow (melting), VIM (Void in Mix), VMA (Void in Mineral Aggregate), VFB (Void Filled Bitumen), and Marshall Quotient (MQ). This study uses an experimental test method consisting of different bitumen content variants, respectively, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, and 7%. Each variant consists of three samples of the test object. The research was carried out at the building materials laboratory, Faculty of Engineering, Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta. The implementation stages include inspection of AC 60/70, an inspection of aggregates (fine aggregate and coarse aggregate), an inspection of fillers, and manufacturing mixed specimens and stability tests with various characteristics. The results of the research showed that the average value of stability, density, flow, void in the mix, void mineral aggregate, void filled bitumen, and Marshall quotient was 1156.44 kg, 2.33 gr/cc, 3.07 mm, 5.20 %, 13.92% 60.10% and 377.28 kg/mm. Finally, Bantak aggregate can be used as an alternative in the manufacture of hot asphalt mixtures because the research performance data meet the requirements for accepting Indonesian national standards. Its abundant availability makes Bantak a solution in exploiting Merapi material, which is very influential on the environmental impact and improves residents' economy in the quarry area.

Pengaruh Komposisi Ekstrak Mengkudu (Morinda citrifilia L.) Sebagai Antibakteri Pada Shampo Herbal Berbasis Methyl Ester Sulfonat (MES)

Shampoo is a preparation that contains surfactants in a suitable form and is useful for removing dirt and grease attached to the hair and scalp so as not to harm the hair and scalp. In this study the ingredients used were noni fruit extracts and surfactants using Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES). The purpose of this study was to analyze the effect of time when making herbal shampoo, the effect of adding noni fruit extract to the quality of shampoo. To obtain the noni fruit extract maceration process is used by using distilled water. Noni ripe fruit is cut and then blended and then added 2 liters of aquadest, evaporated in a rotary evaporator. The processing of herbal shampoo is done by the influence of the volume of noni fruit extract and time by comparison: 5 ml: (1,2,3,4) minutes, 10 ml: (1,2,3,4) minutes, 15 ml: (1, 2,3,4) minutes, 20 ml (1,2,3,4) minutes. Tests carried out pH testing, foam stability test (%), foam height test (cm), viscosity (cps) and anti-bacterial test (colony, cm2). Based on the research results obtained high foam with 88 mm, foam stability 92.04%, Viscosity 2.31, antibacterial 31.7 colonies / cm2, and pH 4.2. The research results are expected to meet Indonesian National Standards.

Duck Farming in Coastal Area: Assessing Nutritional Status and Its Contribution to Egg Production

The nutritional status of laying ducks is the balance between the supply of nutrients from the feedstuff consumed with the nutritional needs for maintenance and egg production. Therefore, the nutritional status can be measured through the level of egg production. This study was aimed to evaluate the nutritional status of laying ducks cultivated in coastal areas and its contribution to egg production. Using a survey method with a Dietary Assessment Approach onto 200 flocks of ducks and their breeders as a sample. Every week for 6 consecutive weeks, the farmers were interviewed about the amount and type of feed stuff that was given to their ducks. Sampling from each feedstuff was carried out to be analyzed in the laboratory for its nutritional content. The results of the analysis were used to calculate the amount and nutritional components consumed by the ducks, then compared with the nutritional requirements of laying ducks according to the Indonesian National Standard (INS). Nutritional status is considered Sufficient Status (SS) if the consumption of ducks from each nutritional component is the same as INS, and Insufficient Status (IS) if < INS. Daily egg production was recorded. To determine the contribution of nutritional status to egg production, the data were analyzed by regression. The results showed that 58.50% of samples were in SS and 41.50% IS. The regression results showed that the contribution of SS to egg production was 72.132% higher than the contribution of IS which was 49.91%. The IS ration contains a high rice brand while the portion of anchovies and abandoned fish is relatively low. The study concluded that the level of egg production was determined by nutritional status, increasing the nutritional status from IS to SS can be done by reducing the portion of bran and increasing the portion of anchovies and fish waste in ration.

QUALITY COMPARISON OF DUPLEX CARTON 350 GR/M2 BASED ON SNI-0123: 2008

Duplex cartons will be one type of carton that is widely used as a primary or second packaging. Duplex cartons have hygroscopic properties that can be salted on the physical and quality of the carton duplex. The value of this Final Task paper is the way of quality of cardboard in the field and the efforts of the process and who is in the field champion of The Indonesian National Standard (SNI 0123:2008). While the purpose of this writing is For those who know the process of creation of duplex carton quality 350 gr / m2, To understand the results of the creation of the quality of both duplex cartons from different companies, and For to dye the quality of cartons 350 gr / m2 in the market of different companies. Which method in writing this Final Task paper is the Task Related to Indonesian National Standards (SNI 0123:2008). Located from the creation and duparan quality of its own results, the two duplex cartons there are different qualities, for the production of PT X. Cobb value which is passionate and quality questions according to SNI 0123:2008 while for the production of PT Y. brightness value who can not be questioned sni 0123:2008. SNI 0123:2008 was prepared with the purpose of standardization, but the standard provisions were not met and not supervised in companies that do not apply sni standard 0123:2008, but in companies that apply sni standard 0123:2008 found also incompatible, therefore it is recommended to be carried out monitoring periodically.Keywords— Quality duplex carton, Duplex Carton, SNI 0123:2008

The challenges of sustainable palm oil product development in Indonesia against consumer demand

Sustainable development is a global action plan by world leaders, to address various problems, especially those related to the environment and social economy. Palm oil products as a featured commodity of Indonesia, are not immune to consumer demands, which are related to their sustainability. This study aimed to identify challenges and derive recommendations to be used in developing sustainable palm oil products, which is also likely to be accepted by consumers. This research was based on a literature study of current requirements, regarding sustainable palm oil products. Furthermore, the results showed that consumers’ demands were growing, especially those related to sustainability. Also, the consumers’ requirements towards palm oil products were resulting in minimum greenhouse gas emissions, protecting the workers involved, indirect land-use change, and traceability of the supply change of the commodities. However, as a solution, development of national standard was needed. Therefore, the Standard National Indonesia (SNI) for sustainable palm oil, was used as a guideline and requirement source for every producers of the products in Indonesia, in order to overcome challenges and increasing commodity competitiveness, in accordance with consumer demand.

Evaluation of the Value of the Defective and Taste of Arabica Coffee (Coffea Arabica L) West Sumatera

The purpose of this research is to get information on the value of defectives, water content, taste, and the overall acceptance of Arabica coffee derived from 20 coffee producers in West Sumatera. Taste testing involves trained q grader. The Data of research results analyzed descriptively. The results showed that the quality defectives of coffee is at a quality level from 3 to 5 and 70% quality of coffee in accordance with SNI (Indonesian National Standards) 01-2907-2008. The type of defective in coffee beans is the rupture seeds, brown seeds, black seeds then followed by perforated seeds. Taste of coffee Brew are Excellent Aroma and complex coffee flavor, good acidity and thickness of seeds. Vanilla flavor and taste of fruits and spices. The color of the Arabica coffee powder varies from brown, black and color like cinnamon, As well as overall acceptance kinda like. This indicates the need to implement standard operational procedures to improve the quality of coffee in West Sumatera Framework

KARAKTERISTIK KIMIA DAN MIKROBIOLOGI SEDIAAN OPAQUE SOAP DENGAN PENAMBAHAN EKSTRAK ETANOL TEMBAKAU

Opaque soap is a solid soap product. It was made from a mixture of oil and the addition of alkaline compounds to form a saponification process. Solid soap preparations made with the addition of tobacco extract as an active ingredient that contains nicotine compounds, which include toxic alkaloids are weakly basic. In addition, tobacco extracts chosen to produce products that were beneficial to society. The purpose of this study was to provided wider use of tobacco and to know the characteristic of opaque soap preparations with the addition of tobacco extracts. The research method was a single completely randomized design (CRD) with descriptive analysis. In this study, the formulas of opaque soap were A0 (no addition of tobacco extract), A1 (1.2 g of tobacco extract), A2 (2.4 g of tobacco extract), and A3 (4.8 g of tobacco extract). The observed parameters were chemical and microbiological characteristics. All variations of opaque soaps had a pH of 9.51-9.77, water content of 13.15%-14.35%, free alkali 0.056-0.0584, antibacterial (E. coli inhibition zone proved by clear zone) about 8.60-21.50 mm; and nicotine levels 0-383.67 mg/100g. From the results due to chemical and microbiological characteristics, all of the opaque soap with additional tobacco extract was in accordance with the Indonesian National Standards (SNI 3532-2016) so that soap was safe for use by the public.
 Keywords: chemistry, microbiology, soap preparations, tobacco extract

ENFORCEMENT OF CRIMINAL LAW AGAINST IMPLEMENTERS OF FOREST BURNING

The background in this study is the rise of cases of forest fires due to the element of deliberate humanity who deliberately burned the forest for personal interests to open new land in Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency. The formulation of the problem in this study are 1) How is criminal law enforcement against the perpetrators of forest fires in Celikah Village, Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency ?; and 2) What are the obstacles encountered in the enforcement of criminal law against the perpetrators of forest fires in Celikah Village, Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir Regency ?. The research method used is empirical research. Data sources used in this study consisted of primary data and secondary data. Based on the results of the study showed that 1) Criminal law enforcement against the perpetrators of forest fires in the village of Celikah, Kayuagung District, Ogan Komering Ilir District has gone through a penal effort that is repressive measures of Investigation because the perpetrators threatened with imprisonment in accordance with criminal theory in applying the principle of subsidiarity and in accordance with article 99 paragraph (1) Article 108 jo Article 69 letter h Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 32 of 2009 concerning Environmental Protection and Management and regulates criminal sanctions alternatively, namely in the form of imprisonment or only fines and 2) Constraints faced by law enforcement agencies in carrying out criminal law enforcement against perpetrators of forest and land burning, namely first, at the level of investigation, constraints faced is the limited budget support for the management of smoke disasters, the tradition of the community opening land by burning, not yet optimized community empowerment to care about smoke disasters, and the limitations of environmental expert witnesses. Second, at the level of the public prosecutor and judge, the obstacles faced are that the police have never been involved at the level of investigation, the lack of certified public guides and judges (expertise) in the field of environment especially forest and land fires, users of tools that are not of Indonesian national standards.

IMPLEMENTATION OF MORPHOLOGICAL OPERATION AND BLOB ANALYSIS IN COW’S MILK SOMATIC CELL CALCULATION

The Indonesian National Standards have established quality standards for fresh cow's milk. One of them is the somatic cell content with a maximum value of 4x105sel/ml. Generally, the content of somatic cells in each milk sample can be calculated manually with the help of a microscope or using a tool called Fossomatic. However, this tool is expensive. The research was conducted using an image processing science approach to detect and calculate the amount of somatic cell content in cow's milk. The operations performed are erosion, dilation, color channel conversion, and labeling. The results showed that the system's accuracy in counting somatic cells reached 85%. From this research, it is expected to be able to count somatic cells with the help of a computer without having to count manually or using a Fossomatic tool.

Addition of bovine serum albumin (BSA) in cauda epididymal plasma-2 (CEP-2) extender to Ongole grade bull sperm motility and membrane integrity during the freezing process

The semen freezing process causes a decrease in quality, especially sperm motility and membrane damage. Decreasing the semen quality during the freezing process can be prevented by adding semen diluents that fulfill the nutritional needs of sperm, such as CEP-2 and extracellular cryoprotectants, such as BSA. Cauda Epididymal Plasma-2 diluents have a composition like bull plasma cauda epididymis and have been shown to be able to maintain the quality of bull liquid semen at 5°C for eight days. The addition of BSA with different levels in the CEP-2 extender was expected to support the function of egg yolk in preventing damage to the sperm membrane due to cold shock during the freezing process. The purpose of this study was to determine the best BSA level to maintain sperm motility and membrane integrity during the freezing process. The research material was a three-year-old Ongole grade bull ejaculate which was collected once a week with an artificial vagina and individual motility of at least 70%. The research method was an experimental laboratory with BSA level 0; 0.2; 0.4; 0.6; 0.8 and 1%. The results showed that the highest sperm motility was 0.6% BSA level (42+2.58%) and the highest membrane integrity at the BSA level was 0.4% (84.30±2.56%). The study concluded that the addition of BSA in CEP-2 diluents increased the motility and membrane integrity during the freezing process, met the Indonesian National Standards. The research suggested the use of a BSA level of 0.6% in CEP-2 diluents for commercial frozen semen production.

Existing Building Evaluation against SNI (Indonesian National Standards) 1726-2019 Concerning Earthquake Resistance Planning Procedures for Building and Non-Building Structures

Existing Building Evaluation against SNI (Indonesian National Standards) 1726-2019 Concerning Earthquake Resistance Planning Procedures for Building and Non-Building Structures

Analysis of abutment safety factors against landslides on the Cipeundeuy bridge - Sukatani, Indonesia

Bridges are connecting access between one region and another, and play an important role in transportation to facilitate community economic activities. The river bridge has very steep cliffs, and these cliffs often occur in landslides, therefore this study is very important to determine the safety of the bridge. This study aims to determine the safety of the bridge abutment structure which is the head of the bridge with the function of continuing the load on the bridge foundation. This analysis is limited to only calculating the stability and safety of bridge abutments with reinforced concrete structures. The analysis uses methods and formulas referring to Indonesian national standards, namely RSNI T-02-2005 regarding loading for bridges, RSNI T-12-2004 concerning concrete structure planning for bridges, SNI 03-2833-200X concerning earthquake resistance planning standards for bridges. The data used are drawing data and technical specifications used on the bridge, then the data is verified against planning consultants, project implementers, and observations at the location. The results of the analysis stated that the bridge abutment was declared safe from soil thrust and other forces, but did not have a good safety factor against shear forces. Landslides that occur can be resisted by the bridge abutments. This research is expected to be followed up by policymakers to repair bridges so that they are resistant to maximum shear forces, and provide safety signs from landslides to relieve public anxiety when crossing bridges, as well as provide reinforcement for the cliffs around the bridge.

Study Characteristics of Asphalt Concrete Lapis Aus (HRS-WC) By Using Sand Pumice For Material Substitute

Tidore Islands has the potential of natural resources in the form of the availability of plenty of floating sand. This study was conducted to determine the effect of the use of floating sand as a substitute for sand on the characteristics of asphalt concrete mix wear (HRS-WC). This study uses the methods of The Asphalt Institute, Indonesian National Standards (SNI), and General Specifications 2018-Section 6.3. Percentage variation used in replacement material is 15% of normal sand: quicksand 15%, normal sand 7.5% : 7.5% quicksand, normal sand 11.25% : 3.75% quicksand and sand floating 11.25% : normal sand 3.75%. For find out the Marshall characteristics of the HRS – WC (Hot Rolled Sheet-wearing course) mixture by using a substitute for floating sand aggregate. Results of testing marshall with sand floating 11.25% sand normally 3.75% indicates the value of the stability of the highest = 1361.43 on levels of bitumen 6%, sand normal 15% to the value of the stability of the highest = 1408.6 at the level of asphalt 5.5%, the highest stability value = 1435.9 at 7% asphalt content, the highest stability value = 1472.2 at 6.5% asphalt content, and the highest stability value = 1687.8 at 6% asphalt content. And the average value of stability is 1473,19.