Indonesian High School Research Articles

Students’ Motivation in Learning English: A Study in Senior High School in Indonesia

One of the major things that university students have to go through is the learning activity. Achieving one's goals is believed to have a strong correlation with motivation. English proficiency is influenced by pupils' intrinsic willingness to study the language. The purpose of this research was to determine if there is a correlation between the level of interest that second graders at SMA Negeri 2 Sidrap have in studying English and their actual academic performance. The results demonstrated a strong relationship between students' motivation to study English and their actual progress in doing so. The results of the students' English proficiency exam and their motivational surveys corroborated this. Initially, the computed r-value, which was determined using the SPSS 21 Program, was greater than the table value at the 5% and 1% significant levels, or 0.367 < 0.852 > 0.47. Furthermore, when looking at the correlation between student motivation and English language proficiency, it was found that, for the sample class, 72.59% of the variance in student achievement was attributable to student motivation (variable X), while 25.41% was impacted by other factors.

Misconception tendency of differentiated instruction in publicly shared teaching and learning videos on youtube: A mixed-methods exploration study

Differentiated instruction is a pedagogical approach in which teachers fulfill students' needs based on their interests and learning profiles. This paradigm is new to the Indonesian educational sector as the government of Indonesia introduced the Merdeka curriculum in 2022, which offers a new style of teaching and learning in Indonesia through differentiation in the classroom. As an unfamiliar approach, the recent practice of differentiated instruction may lead to a misconception, particularly in its implementation. This paper focuses on witnessing teachers' misconceptions regarding differentiated instruction in three major aspects: teacher-student relations, teacher-learning design, and teacher-learning goals, using a mixed method with an explanatory sequential design. The first phase includes video observation for qualitative data collection to build variables and obtain quantitative results. This research used a purposive sampling technique with a total of seventy-seven teaching and learning in Indonesian high school videos from YouTube with particular keywords related to differentiation. All the videos were uploaded on YouTube in 2022, ranging from January 2022 to December 2022, and were from various origins and subjects. The final result and interpretation show that the score of differentiated instruction implementation through the observation checklist was 0.4722, considered satisfactory. Furthermore, this study identifies three aspects of differentiation that need to be strengthened, including learning pace settings, giving oral feedback to students based on their needs, and responding proactively to diverse students. The recommendations for tackling misconceptions regarding differentiated instruction are given for better future implementation.

Improving Climate Literacy of High School Students through Physics Teaching Materials based on STEM

Climate change is a problem that has received attention from various countries around the world. Climate change disrupts the balance of the ecosystem, which, if allowed to continue, can threaten the continuity of life on Earth. In education, addressing the challenges of learning about climate change can be done by selecting appropriate teaching materials. This study aims to examine Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) based physics teaching materials on climate change developed and designed to improve the climate literacy of high school students. The research uses the Analyze, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation (ADDIE) Model. The teaching materials developed are then implemented in learning climate change in high school students. The research design was one group pretest-posttest with a sample of 37 high school students in Indonesia. The sampling technique used cluster random sampling. The instrument used was a test technique for the aspects of knowledge and action consisting of 30 multiple-choice questions and a questionnaire for the attitude aspect comprising 15 statements. The results show that the STEM-based physics teaching material on climate change improves the climate literacy of Indonesian high school students, with an average N-Gain score of 0.51 in the moderate category. Based on these results, it can be concluded that STEM-based teaching materials on climate change materials can be used to improve the climate literacy of high school students.

Exploring high school students’ attitudes towards digital game-based learning: A perspective from Indonesia

Students’ attitudes towards Digital Game-Based Learning (DGBL) in developing countries such as Indonesia are rarely investigated despite the fact that digital games are being used in secondary education increasingly. This research aims to explore students’ attitudes towards DGBL in chemistry. We used a quantitative study method using a self-reported survey questionnaire. The study included 480 high school students (203 males and 277 females) from various public and private high schools in Indonesia. The present study employed a cross-sectional survey design to collect data in July and August 2023. The DGBL attitude scale was adapted to evaluate students’ attitudes. The questionnaire comprised 22 items assessing students’ attitudes towards digital game-based learning. The data obtained were analyzed using descriptive statistics as well as t-tests and a one-way Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). As a result, students expressed a slightly positive attitude towards digital games in chemistry learning particularly for learning opportunities. The results also showed that there was a significant gap in students’ attitudes with regard to gender and the daily duration of smartphone use. However, there was no significant gap regarding students’ attitudes towards digital game-based learning. The findings provide valuable insights for game designers and teachers to design and implement educational games that meet student needs and expectations in order to improve learning outcomes. The results are also useful for educators and educational researchers on how demographic factors influence students’ DGBL attitudes in chemistry education in developing countries such as Indonesia.

Literature Review Evaluation of Fieldwork Practice Programs in Vocational High Schools in Indonesia

In an effort to maintain and improve the quality of Vocational High School (SMK) graduates and reduce misses from the demands of the industrial world and technological advances, the government has tried to implement various policies both in terms of quantity and quality. The activities of students in an effort to increase skill competence are through Field Work Practice (PKL) activities that involve the world of work directly. But in fact, according to nationwide data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), in February 2023, unemployment for vocational school graduates reached 9.6%, which is the largest of the overall levels of education in Indonesia. This literature review provides a summary of the results of the PKL program evaluation by applying the Context, Input, Process, Product (CIPP) evaluation model. The results of this study prove that the program is running in accordance with the objectives with good output. However, there needs to be careful preparation and seriousness from schools and learners.

Implementation of the Numbered Head Together (NHT) model based on interactive multimedia ispring suite 10 on the subject of work and energy to improve student understanding

With the development of time, educators are required to continuously innovate in the use of models, media, and other learning aspects that support the learning process. This demand is further heightened as students are now required to have 21st-century skills. The aim of this research is to determine the improvement in students’ understanding of the topic of Work and Energy by using the Numbered Head Together (NHT) learning model based on interactive multimedia iSpring Suite 10. This study uses a quantitative pre-experimental research method, employing a one-group pretest-posttest design. Sample selection was conducted using purposive sampling, which involves selecting samples based on specific considerations. The sample for this research was a tenth-grade class in one of the high schools in Indonesia. The research instruments used were a 20-item multiple-choice test and a response questionnaire. Based on the test results, the average N-Gain value obtained was 0.41, categorizing it as a moderate improvement according to the N-Gain criteria. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is an improvement in students’ understanding of the concepts of work and energy when using the NHT learning model based on interactive multimedia iSpring Suite 10.

Analysis of senior school students’ preconceptions regarding the concept of climate change in terms of visual representation explorations

Preconceptions are essential initial understandings that students possess, as they serve as the foundation for better learning. Regarding the concept of climate change, many students still harbor misconceptions. One way to identify students’ preconceptions is through the use of visual representations. The use of visual representations can unveil students’ preconceptions about abstract and complex concepts. This study aims to observe and analyze the extent of high school students’ understanding of climate change. It employs qualitative descriptive research, with a population and sample comprising 63 tenth-grade students majoring in natural sciences at a high school in Indonesia. Data collection techniques involve observation and interviews, with semi-structured interviews utilized in this study. The results reveal that students have varied understandings of the climate change concept, with many still holding misconceptions. There are three categories of climate change concepts: 1) accurate climate change concepts, accounting for 37% (23 students); 2) climate change concepts based on objects, as observed from the overall visualized images created by the respondents; and 3) incorrect climate change concepts, constituting 63% (40 students). From these categories, based on empirical evidence regarding students’ preconceptions of climate change, it falls into the macroscopic level.

Development of an integrated electronic module with Al-Qur’an verses using the Canva Application on static fluids

This study aims to determine the validity and practicality of the Integrated Physics Electronic Module of Al-Qur’an Verses Using Canva Applications on Static Fluids. This research was conducted at one public senior high school in Indonesia. The data collection technique in this study used Random Sampling. Research subjects used two groups, one control group and one experimental group. The validation results from the experts resulted that majority of several experts such as teaching material experts, learning media experts, language experts, integration experts, and educators have argued that this module was appropriate to be used in teaching of static fluids. This meant his module was valid to be used in the physics learning in the context of static fluid. In addition, students’ responses to the use of this module showed that they have argued that this module was very practical to enhance students’ understanding in statics fluids.

Integrating Positive Psychology through ESP Learning for Science Classes in Senior High School

This research aims to identify positive psychology through ESP learning in science classes at senior high schools in Indonesia. This study used qualitative method. The data collection method employed interviews and observations to obtain more detailed information regarding the research findings. Three distinct data collection methods involved observation, interview, and questionnaire. The qualitative data analysis method was from data summarization, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Research instruments used triangulation, which involved interviews, observations, and documentation. Based on the findings, it can be concluded that positive psychology serves as a connection or link between humanism and transpersonal. The concept of developing personality potential is evident in Positive Psychology, which also incorporates transcendence as one of its virtues, particularly in relation to spirituality and meaningfulness. The ESP learning concept can enable students to actively participate in foreign language teaching practices in the natural science learning process.

ROLE OF COLLABORATIVE STRATEGIC READING IN POST-PANDEMIC EFL READING CLASS: A QUASI-EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

The transition of learning mode from online to offline in this post-pandemic era affects
 the EFL struggling students’ achievement in the reading context. This quasi-experimental
 study with a One-Group Pretest-Posttest design was intended to know the significant
 difference between the mean scores of the pretest and the posttest in reading obtained
 using Collaborative Strategic Reading (CSR) and reveal students’ reflections on using CSR
 in the reading classroom. Sixty-eight students in a senior high school in Indonesia were
 involved as participants. Data were collected through pretest-posttest and a
 questionnaire. The pretest and posttest results indicated that using CSR as a reading
 strategy significantly improved students’ reading skills in collaborative nuance. The
 students' perspectives on using CSR were positive since they felt highly motivated to
 practice reading collaboratively, where each reading phase has a relevant strategy,
 namely, Preview, Click and Clunk, Get the Gist, and Wrap up. Integrating CSR into reading
 may have positive pedagogical impacts for EFL teachers who want to try CSR in teaching
 reading in this post-pandemic nuance since it eliminates students' anxiety in the transition
 of learning mode after the COVID-19 outbreak.

Cross-Country Variation in (Binary) Gender Differences in Secondary School Students’ CS Attitudes: Re-Validating and Generalizing a CS Attitudes Scale

The current study compared American, Korean, and Indonesian middle and high school students’ CS attitudes. Concurrently, this study also examined whether the items in the CS attitudes scale exhibit country and gender measurement biases. We gathered data on CS attitudes from middle and high school students in the US, Korea, and Indonesia. The participating students took the same (translated) previously validated CS attitudes scale. We ran a unidimensional IRT, differential item functioning (DIF), a two-way ANOVA, and the Kruskal-Wallis H test. Despite the valid instrument, we found it inappropriate as is for international comparison studies because students from different countries interpreted some items differently. We then compared gender-based differences in CS attitudes across countries. The results revealed no significant differences between males and females in the Indonesian middle school data, whereas male students had significantly higher CS attitudes than female students in both American and Korean student data. Furthermore, we found the same pattern in gender differences in Korean and Indonesian high school students’ CS attitudes scores as in the middle school study. These findings underscore the importance of a country’s sociocultural context in influencing gap and diversity in secondary school students’ CS attitudes.

Implementation of Quality Assurance in Smp With School Committees and Participatory Management: A Case Study in Junior High Schools in Indonesia

Purpose: This study aims to determine the influence of school committee, principal leadership, organizational culture, and teacher participation in the implementation of quality assurance in junior high schools. Theoretical framework: Providing educational services that improve student learning outcomes requires ensuring the quality of education in junior high schools. Furthermore, quality assurance equalizes opportunities across the country, protects customers, and plays an important role for students, parents, teachers, and education staff. Current conditions indicate that Quality assurance in junior high schools is currently rated unsatisfactory, with indications that only 46.7% of junior high schools have been accredited to excel, while the remaining 53.3% require improvement. Design/methodology/approach: This research is quantitative research using the Explanatory Survey Method. The population in this study was principals in Junior High Schools throughout two cities and four regencies The sampling technique used in this study is probability sampling technique, using proportionate random sampling. Determination of the number of samples used in this study using the Krejcie table. This study collected 211 data from the principals of various junior high schools in Semarang and surrounding areas using a Likert scale questionnaire. The data analysis technique used is path analysis. Research practical and social implications: The results of the study revealed that the principal's leadership role, organizational culture, and teacher participation had an effect on the implementation of quality assurance in junior high schools, while the school committee had no major effect on school quality assurance. Principals play an important role in increasing teacher participation and creating a positive organizational culture.

The Relationship between Hoax Behavior and Toxic Disinhibition among Indonesian High School Students

The Relationship between Hoax Behavior and Toxic Disinhibition among Indonesian High School Students

Indonesian High School Teachers' Views on Media Education: Challenges and Prospects in EFL Instruction

Indonesian High School Teachers' Views on Media Education: Challenges and Prospects in EFL Instruction

L2 Willingness to Communicate of Indonesian High School Learners of English: An Exploratory Survey Study

This study intends to explore Indonesian Senior High School learners’ second/foreign language (L2) Willingness to Communicate (WTC) in English. It employed a Google Form questionnaire as the method of collecting data. 159 L2 learners from more than six islands in Indonesia participated in this study. This study found that learners generally reported a moderate level of L2 WTC. They were moderately enthusiastic to speak in English class, moderately confident to use English in communication, and moderately willing to use English in small groups and pair work activities. However, seen from rather big standard deviations of the mean scores, the participants’ responses may be very heterogeneous, suggesting rather spread out values away from the mean scores. Pedagogical implications include promoting small-group activities and minimising whole-class discussions.

An Important Strategy to Improve Adolescent Health Literacy: COVID-19 Modules in High School in Indonesia.

During the second coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) surge, cases increased sharply due to low awareness and compliance with measures to limit disease spread. Health literacy (HL) is an important component of public health initiatives, and schools are potential sources of health education to increase HL via the presentation of COVID-19 educational modules. This cross-sectional study involved an online questionnaire administered to students from 5 high schools in Surabaya and Sidoarjo, Indonesia, 6-7 weeks after the start of government-issued directives restricting public gatherings. We collected data on each respondent's age, gender, parental education, and socioeconomic variables. HL was determined by the Health Literacy Measure for Adolescents. We additionally measured their attitudes and behaviors related to preventing the spread of COVID-19. The students were asked if they watched the COVID-19 module at school, their feelings about vaccination, and preferred online sources of COVID-19-related information. Most of the 432 respondents had viewed COVID-19 modules at school. Module exposure was associated with significantly higher total and domain-specific HL and more positive attitudes toward government-issued COVID-19 restrictions on travel and public gatherings (p<0.05). However, behaviors to prevent COVID-19 spread and vaccine acceptance were not associated with module exposure. Most students chose social media as their source of COVID-19-related information. Schools can provide information to increase adolescents' HL and the public's support for health initiatives to prevent or limit the spread of COVID-19.

Assessment of the psychometric properties of the Indonesian version of the General Self-Efficacy Scale-12 (GSES-12) in a sample of Indonesian high school students

In recent decades, self-efficacy has been one of the major subjects of interest in the field of psychology, with numerous studies published on the topic. This study aims to examine the psychometric features of the General Self-Efficacy Scale-12 (GSES-12), a widely used instrument for assessing general self-efficacy. The Indonesian adaptation of the GSES-12 was validated using item factor analysis (IFA). The study involved a total of 584 high school student participants (M-age = 16.02, SD-age = 1.39; boys = 266, girls = 318). The results obtained from the IFA indicate that the psychometric properties of the GSES-12 were satisfactory. The results exhibited a strong fit with the second-order IFA models and all items had statistically significant factor loadings. In addition, the results obtained from the multigroup IFA indicate that the configural invariance testing models exhibited a satisfactory level of goodness-of-fit (RMSEA 0.06, CFI TLI 0.90). These findings suggest that there were no differences between the genders in the factor structure of the GSES-12.

The Effects of a School-Based Mental Health Program on Students’ Knowledge, Behavior, and Depression: A Quasi-Experimental Study in Four Indonesian High Schools

Schools play a crucial role in promoting the mental health of children and adolescents. This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of a mental health program by evaluating changes in knowledge, behavior, and mental health outcomes of students before and after the intervention. The study employed a pre-and-post-test quasi-experimental approach in four selected high schools in Bogor. It evaluated changes in knowledge, behavior, and mental health outcomes of students pre-and-post the intervention. The study assessed mental health literacy, anti-bullying education, and creating a positive school environment. Data were collected in July and October 2019, with 476 out of 495 students completing both pre- and post-tests. In the intervention group, there was an improvement in knowledge, as evidenced by a decrease in the risk of “having a lack of knowledge” from the pre-test (OR = 1.8, 95% CI [1.2, 2.6], p = .004) to the post-test (OR = 1.2, 95% CI [0.9, 1.8], p = .284). During the pre-test period, students in the intervention schools had a higher risk of experiencing bullying (OR = 1.4, 95% CI [0.9, 2.3], p = .133). However, after the intervention, their risk of being bullied decreased (OR = 0.9, 95% CI [0.6, 1.6], p = .810). The risk of having no peer support also decreased from OR = 1.6, 95% CI [0.5, 5.8], p = .467 to OR = 1.1, 95% CI [0.3, 4.3], p = .933. The condition of depression in the intervention group improved, with an OR = 1.0, 95% CI [0.6, 1.8], p = .924 at the pre-test and an OR = 0.8, 95% CI [0.4, 1.6], p = .511 at the post-test. These findings underscore the significance of initiatives focused on improving student mental health.

Indonesian High School Students’ Critical Thinking and Literary Text Comprehension

Indonesian High School Students’ Critical Thinking and Literary Text Comprehension

Economic Entrepreneurship Skills in High School Students as a Pathway to Future Economic Growth

The subject of this research focuses on the impact of Economic entrepreneurship education in Indonesian high schools. Exploratory qualitative case studies were conducted and the data collection techniques included semi structured interviews, focus group discussion and documentation review. The study results indicate that knowledge-explicitness discrepancy in GAME and EIE courses curb entrepreneurial skills amongst students. The first student related challenge is that existing entrepreneurship education is seen as not applicable to their future career goals and thus requires contextually relevant solutions. The roles, responsibilities and relations of entities in schooling systems are highly legalistic, bureaucratic and hierarchical and limit teachers from practicing creativity. Implication of the results of this study are drawn in terms of emphasizing the value of experiential learning, topicality of entrepreneurship content in high schools of Indonesia, need to have flexible policies to improve the quality of teaching and learning of entrepreneurship in the high schools of Indonesia. Suggestions are made to create what is necessary in schools to help prepare children for future economic development.