Education In Indonesia Research Articles

Teaching reading in digital era: Exploring Indonesian in-service teachers’ perceptions and challenges

This illustrative case study investigation was conducted to learn how Indonesian in-service teachers perceived teaching reading in a digital era and the challenges they encountered. The data were submitted by a total of 30 teachers who participated in the subject post for Indonesian junior high schools. Data collection strategies include participatory classroom observation, interviews, and guided written reflection. The data were analyzed using the constant comparative method. The study’s findings highlight issues concerning teachers’ perceptions and teachers’ challenges while teaching reading in a digital setting. As many as 63% of teachers believe that the proportion of time teachers spend to practice reading skills from online sources is 40%–50% of total teaching hours at school. Furthermore, 40% of them believe that the criteria for teacher success in reading is when pupils improve their reading comprehension skills. The analysis also revealed that teachers encountered a number of challenges: (1) lack of knowledge about models and media for learning to read in a digital context, (2) lack of students’ ability to read multi-text sources, and (3) lack of motivation and awareness among students in reading. The findings of this study impact the understanding and training requirements of junior high school teachers concerning reading instruction methods in a digital context. Future studies should focus on innovation and the development of learning models to improve the quality of reading comprehension in a digital environment.

Transforming Character Through Dhuha Prayers in Indonesian Education

General Background: Education in Indonesia confronts a myriad of challenges, including regulatory frameworks, funding issues, and diverse implementation systems, which have led to concerns regarding the competitiveness of graduates in the global arena. Specific Background: One critical aspect of education involves character development among students, particularly in the context of the digital era. Knowledge Gap: While various educational interventions exist, the impact of religious practices, specifically the habituation of congregational dhuha prayers, on student character has not been extensively studied. Aims: This study aims to analyze the effect of habituating congregational dhuha prayers at SD Islam Al-Huda in Kediri on the character development of students. Results: Utilizing a qualitative approach through observation, documentation, and interviews, the findings reveal that this religious practice positively influences students' attitudes and discipline. Novelty: The research contributes to the literature by demonstrating that religious-based interventions can effectively enhance moral character in educational settings. Implications: These results suggest that integrating religious practices like dhuha prayers in school routines can be a valuable strategy for character education, offering practical insights for educators and policymakers seeking to foster holistic student development in Indonesia. Highlights: Dhuha prayers improve character development and student discipline. Qualitative methods provide comprehensive insights through observations and interviews. Religious practices enhance character education in schools effectively. Keywords: Dhuha prayers, character development, Islamic education, qualitative research, student discipline

Integrating Interactive Digital Media into Problem-Based Learning in EFL Reading: an Investigation on EFL Teacher Educators’ Experiences

Extensive research on online EFL reading has proliferated in recent years. However, specific studies that investigate EFL teacher educators’ experiences of integrating digital media into problem-based learning in EFL reading classes are underexplored. To fill the gap, the present study was designed to construe (1) six Indonesian EFL teacher educators’ experiences of teaching EFL reading using interactive digital media and (2) their approaches to alleviating EFL students’ contextual challenges in the digitally-mediated EFL reading activities. Data were collected using focus group discussion activities that lasted around one to two hours with the participating teachers. The data analysis followed Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis procedure. The findings revealed that the participating teachers enacted EFL students’ autonomous learning when selecting their reading texts online and employed varied digital media in students’ problem-based and project-based reading activities. The participating teachers also used group work and integrated problem-based learning to solve students’ contextual challenges in the digitally-mediated EFL reading activities. The study’s findings suggest that reading teachers integrate digital tools in reading classes and integrate problem-based learning to develop EFL students’ critical thinking and reading literacy.

EFL teachers’ perceived productive skills for effective teacher professional development program

Indonesian EFL teachers’ English competency has been in the spotlight due to their unsatisfactory achievement. This reality has been observed during their practices in the classroom. This article aims at reporting the results of Indonesian EFL teachers’ perception of their productive English skills, speaking and writing. A mixed method was employed by focusing on introspective method. Quantitative data were obtained through a closed-ended questionnaire filled in by 206 secondary school teachers and analysed using SPSS software. Ten randomly selected teachers were interviewed to confirm the quantitative data. The findings show that EFL teachers’ speaking and writing skills are at a moderate level (68.62-71.70) and (67.83-71.18), respectively. Interview results indicate a low intensity of spoken English use in the classroom, which is less than 50%. This occurred for two main reasons: the students’ low ability to understand teachers’ talk/explanation and the teachers’ declining speaking ability. Meanwhile, only 2 of 10 teachers taught writing by following the steps of the writing process. However, at the interview session, the teachers rated themselves for speaking from 6-9 and for writing from 5-9. All teachers agreed that training to improve their English proficiency was highly important; this could be realised through the MGMP program. The results of these data will be used to develop a prototype of the Competency Test for Indonesian English Teachers (CTIET) to develop EFL teachers’ sustainable English proficiency.

Enhancing the quality of educators for excellence in secondary education in Pariaman city: Policy analysis and quality feasibility

Along with decentralization and regional autonomy, the government encourages regions to develop sensitivity as stakeholders in education development. The government must strengthen its functions in education services, including setting national education policies, standards, performance-based quality control, and fostering coordination across government levels, education units, and society. This study aims to gather data on the policy direction for education implementation and the quality of educators in Pariaman City. Programs like teacher certification and improving education qualifications aim to enhance teacher quality, competence, and prestige, contributing to the improvement of Indonesia's education system. Teachers are encouraged to improve professionalism, teaching quality, and commitment to their profession, ensuring they feel valued and proud in their roles. As a result, there is a need for continuous program development and stakeholder support in Pariaman City, as well as in districts and municipalities, to enhance the quality of basic education, including systematic management of educators.

Navigating Educational Challenges in Indonesia: Policy Recommendations for Future Success

Domestic and international observers scrutinize education in Indonesia due to persistent challenges that significantly diminish its quality. This study aims to provide a constructive analysis by identifying key issues within the Indonesian educational sector and proposing various strategic solutions to enhance the system. Utilizing a qualitative methodology, this research incorporates a literature review along with the collection of both primary and secondary data. The data collection involves extensive documentation and subsequent analysis. The findings reveal multiple pressing issues in Indonesian education, such as disparities in educational outcomes, substandard educational facilities and infrastructure, deficiencies in teacher quality and conduct, issues with student morality, and a lack of tolerance for ethnic diversity. Addressing these problems requires a collaborative effort across all societal sectors. Proposed solutions include enhancing teacher and student welfare, cultivating a global perspective and fostering a positive mindset among educators and learners, designing an inclusive and holistic curriculum, ensuring vigilant management of budgets, and encouraging greater involvement from the private sector. By incorporating these strategies, there is a potential not only to rectify current deficiencies but also to elevate the overall standard of education in Indonesia. This improvement will require sustained efforts and a commitment to innovation and inclusivity in educational practices.

Integration of Pancasila and Islamic values in Indonesia's futuristic education transformation: Multicultural analysis

This research aims to analyze the integration of Pancasila and Islamic values in the context of futuristic educational transformation in Indonesia with a multicultural approach. Facing the era of industrial revolution 4.0 and society 5.0, Indonesian education needs to transform without losing the roots of the nation's noble values. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with a literature study approach. The research results show that there is harmony between the values of Pancasila and Islamic teachings which can be integrated into futuristic education. Soft skills development based on these two value systems is very important in preparing future generations. The integration model can be implemented through the development of an integrated curriculum and innovative learning methods such as project-and role-based learning, and the formation of cross-cultural communities. This multicultural approach in the integration process strengthens understanding of diversity while maintaining unity. Although there are challenges in implementation, strategies such as intensive teacher training and multi-stakeholder collaboration can be a solution. This research contributes to the development of an educational model that integrates national and religious values to face the challenges of the digital era in Indonesia.

Tindak Tutur Guru dalam Pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia di SMAN 4 Pasuruan

This study aims to describe the form of perlocutionary speech acts used by teachers in Indonesian language learning at SMAN 4 Pasuruan. Speech acts used by teachers in learning activities have been widely analyzed by previous researchers, but have not been found specifically discussing perlocutionary speech acts. This perlocutionary speech act is difficult to identify, because it must be accompanied by the context so that it causes influence by the interlocutor. This research uses descriptive research with a qualitative approach. The subject of the research is Indonesian language teachers, while the object of research is Indonesian language learning activities. The instruments in this study consisted of primary instruments, namely the researcher himself, and secondary instruments, namely data collection tables. The data of this research is the teacher's speech when conducting learning activities in class XI. The data source was obtained from the observation at the school located at SMAN 4 Pasuruan. This data collection technique uses observation, recording, interview, documentation, and recording the results of the recording in the form of data transcripts. The data analysis technique uses stages such as data reduction, data presentation, data interpretation, conclusion drawing and verification. The result of this research is the form of perlocutionary speech acts using Leech's theory. The forms of perlocutionary speech acts found include indicators of giving the interlocutor know that, persuade, encourage, annoy, frighten, please, make the interlocutor do something, inspire, impress, divert attention, make the interlocutor think about, relieve, embarrass, attract attention, and tedious. However, no data was found on the indicators of deceiving and inspiring. The form of perlocutionary speech act that is most commonly found in this study is in the indicator of encouraging and making the interlocutor do something.

Teacher Professional Development Through Writing Scientific Papers

Objektive: This research aims to develop teacher professionalism through the writing of scientific papers. Theoretical Framework: Professional teachers will be reflected in the implementation of the service of tasks characterized by the presence of expertise, both in materials and methods. In addition, it is also shown through his responsibility in carrying out all his devotion. Professional teachers should be able to bear and carry out their responsibilities as teachers to their learners, parents, society, nation, state, and religion. Professional teachers have personal, social, academic, moral, and spiritual responsibilities. Method: The design used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The data sources are 139 Indonesian language teachers from the Gorontalo Province. The research data consists of scientific papers written as part of the development of teacher professionalism, with the sources being 139 teachers. Data analysis is based on three processes, namely data reduction, data display, and verification, focusing on scientific papers to develop teacher professionalism. Results and Discussion: The teacher is one of the components of education in schools that has an important and strategic role. Among a number of competencies of professional teachers, the most important thing we emphasize is competence in learning management. A profession is a skill and authority in a certain position that requires certain competencies (attitudes, knowledge, and skills) specifically obtained from intensive academic education. In relation with that compiling scientific work is one of the forms of teacher professional development activities. Writing scientific papers for teachers is actually a basic necessity for developing their profession. Furthermore, the development of the ability to write scientific papers for teachers will have two main impacts, namely (a) teachers earn additional income from writing scientific papers if they are published in the mass media and win competitions and (b) teachers’ insight and understanding of the world of education and learning more deeply and comprehensively. Research Implications: This research has implications for increasing teacher professionalism through the writing of scientific papers. Teachers' ability to correctly write scientific papers significantly impacts their professionalism in teaching. Teachers will have better teaching skills if their scientific writing skills are also good. Additionally, teachers will serve as exemplary role models for their students in scientific writing. Originality/Value: This research significantly contributes to the improvement of teacher professionalism. Teachers with previously low professionalism can be continuously improved through their ability to write scientific papers. Gradually but surely, the persistent training in scientific writing will lead to increased professionalism. This professionalism is

Analysis of Student Learning Styles as an Implementation of Differentiated Learning Strategies in the Indonesian Education Merdeka Curriculum

The aim of this research is to explore the relationship between student learning styles which have implications for student learning outcomes in elementary schools, with a focus on the implementation of differentiated learning in the Independent Curriculum. Qualitative research methods were used to collect data from class IV students at SDN 1 Waleddesa. Data was collected through observation and interviews regarding student learning styles. The research results revealed that students' learning style patterns resulted in visual (4 people), auditory (4 people) and kinesthetic (2 people) learning styles. Observations show that with the strategic abilities of teachers who are skilled in designing responsive learning, they are able to provide implications for students' diverse learning experiences according to their needs and are able to increase student achievement under the Independent Curriculum Framework in Elementary Schools. With differentiated learning strategies, students will be able to achieve their optimal learning potential, according to the characteristics and tendencies of each individual student as implemented by teachers at SDN 1 Waleddesa. The implications of this research emphasize that to meet students' learning styles, teachers need to learn models, approaches, strategies and methods that lead to differentiated learning as in the Merdeka curriculum.

Digital literacy and online course design: Study of Indonesian educators

This paper explores the role of the digital literacy of Indonesian educators in their competence regarding online course design, in a Distance Education context, at tertiary level. It focuses on the competence of lecturers regarding digital literacy, and self-perceived ability in designing online courses. Lecturers (n = 275) at both public and private universities in Indonesia participated in this study. The developed instrument, measuring seven elements of digital literacy competence, in a teaching and pedagogical framework (Payton and Hague 2010), and six components of effective course design, aimed at achieving desired learning outcomes for students, was adopted from that of Brown and Voltz (2005). The result of Pearson’s correlation testing indicated a strong relationship between two variables r (275) = .765, p .001. The findings also showed that the digital literacy competence of educators had an influence of 58.6% on the quality of online course design, with a significant impact (F(1)=386.358; p=.000). It may therefore be concluded that it is important to upscale the digital literacy competence of lecturers, to promote the quality of online course design, in order to achieve desired learning outcomes. Further studies should particularly consider measuring the impact of online course design on the quality assurance of the course.

Factors Affecting Teachers’ Behavior of Innovative Teaching with Technology: Structural Equation Modelling

This study aimed to investigate factors that predict Indonesian primary school teachers’ behavior of innovative teaching with technology (BITT). A survey instrument was adapted and validated through content validity, a pilot test, and a measurement model in partial least square structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). We obtained data from 868 primary school teachers, analyzed through a structural model in PLS-SEM and multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) in SPSS. The structural model was computed with several statistical reports, including the path coefficient (β), effect sizes (f2), coefficient of determination (R2), and predictive relevance (Q2). MANOVA results informed t and p values. Findings indicated that four out of six hypotheses significantly predicted primary Indonesian teachers’ BITT. The most substantial relationship emerged between group learning and BITT. Meanwhile, the weakest correlation was between innovative culture and BITT. Two insignificant predictors of BITT were job autonomy and innovation compatibility. Most variables showed insignificant differences based on gender. However, some variables, such as benefits of innovation, innovation compatibility, innovative culture, group cohesion, and BITT, varied significantly based on location. The study may help teachers and policymakers understand BITT elements that encourage primary school teachers to use technology creatively.

Comparative Study of Intercultural Awareness Between Indonesia and Ghana in ELT

The globalization of education and increasingly multicultural nature of the classroom, English teachers must develop intercultural awareness and competence. However, comparative studies that specifically focus on the experiences of foreign English teachers are limited. Thus, the research aims to investigate and compare the similarities and differences of the intercultural awareness and practices of Indonesian and Ghanaian English teachers in the context of English language teaching. As well as the strategies of teaching materials and techniques they employ to promote intercultural understanding among their students. This research used qualitative methods within the framework of a comparative study design and data were collected through semi-structured interviews. The participants were 2 EFL teachers from Ghana and Indonesia. The researcher analyzed it to identify patterns by organizing, coding and summarizing the data into themes. The study's findings indicated the critical importance of integrating intercultural awareness in English teaching, emphasizing the recognition and value of cultural diversity. This motivates teachers to foster an inclusive, tolerant environment using culturally appropriate teaching materials and techniques, ensuring all students feel valued. The Ghanaian teacher in international schools promotes global cultural acceptance or called as intercultural awareness, blending diverse cultures into lessons, while the Indonesian teacher prioritizes local culture or basic cultural awareness in English teaching. However, this research has limitations on the application of integration, teaching materials and techniques in intercultural awareness in English language teaching. So that future research can explore these aspects more broadly and varied.

Sejarah Perkembangan Kaligrafi Arab di Indonesia dan Penggunaannya

As one of the beautiful works of art in Islamic culture, calligraphy also flourished in Indonesia. In addition to being a visual art form, calligraphy also embodies Islamic aesthetic and spiritual principles. The use of calligraphy in mosque decorations, Qur'an mushaf, and other religious objects adds to the majesty and beauty of the sacred writings. Furthermore, calligraphy is a significant component in Indonesian education. Lots of art schools and cultural centres offer calligraphy courses, giving the younger generation the opportunity to understand and inherit this art. The learning of calligraphy covers not just the functional elements, but also the cultural and spiritual values in each stroke of the letter. This research aims to explore the development, use, and impact of Arabic calligraphy in Indonesia, particularly in education. Qualitative research using a library research strategy is the methodology employed, through searching journal articles on the history of Arabic calligraphy in Indonesia.

Does academic writing coaching with genre pedagogy work with teachers? A case study of public school teachers in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Recent studies in academic writing have used coaching to develop specific skills and affective variables. There are limited studies on coaching academic writing using genre pedagogy (GP) with adult learners, specifically Indonesian EFL teachers. This study investigated how academic writing coaching activities (AWCA) that implement GP could help develop the writing skills of public school teachers in Ketapang Regency, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. This qualitative case study involved fifty-seven participants who attended the coaching. Data obtained from participant observations and open-ended questionnaires were analyzed using inductive thematic analysis, and the participants’ texts were analyzed using genre analysis. The analysis results were triangulated to obtain valid findings. The results show that scaffolding, explicit teaching, and customized teaching stages could help develop the participants' writing skills. Then, the participants’ texts followed the schematic structure of the academic genre and implemented relevant linguistic features. These findings provide insight into how genre-based academic writing activities could enhance public school teachers' writing skills who are adult learners, an area with scant research. Furthermore, it is proposed that this methodology be applied across different regions and abroad to better assess its effects on the professional growth of teachers.

Exploring teachers’ corrective feedback in EFL classrooms: Pre-service teachers’ reflections

Despite the growing body of research on corrective feedback in foreign language learning, there remains a gap in understanding the specific strategies utilized by EFL teachers as observed by pre-service teachers firsthand. Based on the observed experiences of EFL pre-service teachers during their observational field teaching practice, this study aims to analyze how English teachers give their corrective feedback. This study employed a qualitative research approach with a case study design. Eleven Indonesian EFL pre-service teachers who had finished their field teaching practice were involved in the study. The qualitative data were gathered using reflective Focus Group Discussions (FGD) and semi-structured interviews. The result of qualitative data analysis revealed three emerging themes of teachers’ corrective feedback: explicit correction, recasting, and metalinguistic. The findings showed that teachers regularly use direct corrective feedback in their instructional context. These insights enable foreign language educators to choose appropriate feedback strategies based on learners’ needs, enhancing teaching practices, learner outcomes, and teacher training programs.

ANALISIS KEBUTUHAN E-MODUL MULTIMODAL BERKEARIFAN LOKAL MADURA UNTUK MENULIS TEKS CERPEN

Multimodal e-modules develop students' abilities in understanding a variety of multimodal texts which encourage intellectual quality and broader learning experiences. Multimodal-based learning can be integrated with local wisdom as an effort to preserve cultural values. The aim of the research is to determine the need for a multimodal e-module based on Madurese local wisdom for writing short story texts. This research is aqualitative descriptive research oriented towards the development of a product. The data collection technique was carried out through a questionnaire distributed to Indonesian language teachers and also to students at two high schools in Pamekasan Regency via Google Forms. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and the percentage of the total number of answers given was divided by the total number of respondents multiplied by 100%. The results of this research show that learning to write short story texts has never been carried out using e-modules, the use of multimodal teaching materials has never been done, and the short story texts presented in learning have not been based on local Madurese wisdom. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the development of a multimodal e-module based on local Madurese wisdom is really needed by students so it needs to be developed to support the short story writing skills of class XI high school students.

Gamification in spoken language pedagogy: Indonesian EFL teachers’ perspectives

Gamification enhances student engagement and learning through problem-solving, storytelling, competition, and rewards, but its success depends on having well-trained teachers. Thus, investigating educators' perspectives on using gamification, particularly in teaching speaking, is essential. The study aims to explore Indonesian EFL teachers’ perceptions of gamification in teaching speaking, focusing on their views, understanding, and actions regarding gamification in teaching speaking. A mixed-method approach was used in this study to investigate those four aspects. The participants of this study were 45 English instructors. Data were gathered through questionnaires and semi-structured interviews. The questionnaire responses were analyzed descriptively to assess teachers’ perceptions across three criteria as well as the game elements they used, while the interview data were examined using thematic analysis. The results show that teachers have a positive perception toward gamification used in teaching speaking. Moreover, this study discovers the most popular elements used by teachers, namely roleplay, competition, and giving rewards. As gamification has various elements, this finding proves that teachers tend to be monotonous in implementing game elements. Teachers also seem to have mixed conceptions about gamification and game-based learning. This study's finding shows the practical implication to the speaking teachers and school or university stakeholders in developing a gamification strategy.

Bibliometric Analysis of Character Education in Senior High School Indonesian Textbooks Based on the Merdeka Curriculum

This study aims to understand the publication trend and research contribution related to character education in Indonesian high school textbooks based on the Merdeka Curriculum from 2015 to 2024. Character education is crucial for student development, and textbooks play a central role. Using bibliometric analysis, the study identified 428 publications from Google Scholar and Scopus, including journal articles, proceedings, reviews, and books. Journal articles dominated with 363 publications, followed by 30 proceedings, 32 books, and three reviews. The study focused on the number of publications and the issues underlying the keyword emergence. While 2023 had the highest number of publications (75), 2018 saw the highest citations (890) and h-index (14), indicating significant influence. The highly cited study "Strategy and Implementation of Character Education in Senior High Schools and Vocational High Schools" had 135 citations. Keyword analysis using VOSviewer revealed that "Indonesian textbook" was the most popular topic, particularly concerning gender representation and basic education. Despite increased productivity, recent publications need higher impact, achievable through improved research quality, appropriate journal selection, online dissemination, collaboration, and scientific community engagement. The focus on gender representation and basic education should be sharpened for inclusive teaching materials and to instill positive values early in Indonesian education. This study provides valuable insights and direction for future research and practice in character education within the Independent Curriculum framework.

Muslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers’ acceptance and typology of the theory of evolution

BackgroundMuslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers have different views on evolution theory. Muslim prospective biology teachers suspect that differences in their understanding of the theory of evolution stem from their religious beliefs. This study aims to investigate Muslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers’ acceptance and typology of evolution theory.MethodsAn explanatory sequential design was combined with mixed techniques. Out of 185 potential biology teachers, 153 (16 males and 137 females) completed the questionnaire during the quantitative phase. We interviewed 5 males and 28 females in the qualitative phase to determine the typology of engagement, and all participants filled out an open-ended questionnaire to complete the previous data.ResultsThe findings demonstrated the validity and reliability of the tools employed, as well as the high degree of acceptance of evolution among Muslim Indonesian aspiring biology teachers. The results also showed that there is a predominant typology of engagement reconciliation among Muslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers, with few explorers and resistors.ConclusionsMuslim Indonesian prospective biology teachers do not differ in their conceptual understanding of theory evolution from their religious beliefs.