Individual Work Research Articles

Documentary collection of José Vial: Contributions to the study of the School of Architecture of Valparaíso

This article presents the work on the personal documentary collection of the architect José Vial Armstrong (1926-1983), part of the founding group of the School of Architecture of Valparaíso. This was based on identifying, reviewing, organizing, and classifying almost a thousand unpublished theoretical documents, providing new insights into his individual work and role within the group. Considering the proposal to revisit the sources of modern architecture, according to Panayotis Tournikiotis (2014), this article aims to demonstrate how the study of Vial's documentary collection would make the author visible in the historiography of modern architecture in Chile, as well as to understand the role of the architect within the School to which he belonged, and, therefore, to review new information about this institution.

VISUAL DIALOGUE BETWEEN SCULPTURE AND MEDICINE: THE INTERSECTION OF AESTHETICS AND SCIENCE

The intersection of medicine and art, often explored in numerous articles, delves into detailed depictions of diseases or concepts within the medical field. These depictions aim to speculate on disease effects and patterns of interaction, sometimes reaching scientific conclusions. However, artistic representations may pose scientific, conceptual, and methodological challenges, defining the complex boundary between medicine and art. This article broadens the perspective by examining the relationship between medicine and sculpture, focusing on how these fields can be classified in relation to each other. Rather than concentrating on individual works, the study categorizes the language, methods, and approaches used in works resulting from the intersection of art and medicine. The historical continuum is explored to understand the scope and connections between sculpture and medicine from the past to the present. Using search terms like "art," "sculpture," and "medicine" on platforms such as PubMed, Scopus, and Taylor & Francis Online, the research aims to convey how medicine is reflected in artistic practices. The article highlights the potential for collaboration and mutual enrichment between medicine and art, emphasizing the diverse use of art, particularly sculpture, in various contexts related to medical themes.

Digital morphology network for effective teaching of cytology, histology and histopathology for medical and biology curriculum. VM3.0 Erasmus+ project.

Digital microscopy transformation, the basis for the virtual microscopy applications, is a challenge but also a requirement in modern Medical Education. This paper presents the scope, background, methods, and results of the project "Digital Transformation of Histology and Histopathology by Virtual Microscopy (VM) for an Innovative Medical School Curriculum", VM3.0, funded by the European Union under the Erasmus+ framework (ref.no.2022-1- RO01-KA220-HED-000089017). The project was initiated at Grigore T. Popa University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iași, Romania, with the support of Euroed Foundation, Iași, and cooperation of University partners from Gdansk (Poland), Plovdiv (Bulgaria), Alicante (Spain), and Patras (Greece) aimed to implement digital histology and histopathology teaching in a common network. The backbone of the project was the development of a Digital Slide Platform based on the scans of histological slides collected from all the partners of the participating universities and the creation of a simple and fast digital/internet communication tool that could be used to improve histology and histopathology teaching of medical and natural sciences students. The construction of a Virtual Microscopy Library (VML) has been based on the acquisition of whole scans of high-quality histological slides stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and other classical staining methods and description of various organs' details in English as well as respective languages of the project's partners. The VML can be used for different approches, both for students' instruction in classes as well as for individual students' work and self-testing. Universities from other countries could use the modal structure of the developed VML system on the condition that more slides are provided and the implementation of national language(s) is implemented. The combined efforts of all university partners allowed to establish the dynamic low-cost virtual microscopy educational system. The VM system could help unify the standards of cytology, histology, and histopathology teaching in a quest for the digital transformation of the European educational system.

The Indonesian version of Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ): Structure factor and criterion validity

The aims of this study are to examine the structure factor of Indonesian version of Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) and to test the construct of IWPQ by correlating with Utrecht Work Engagement Scale (UWES) as criterion. A total of 609 data from employees across Indonesia were involved in the research (Study 1 = 231, and Study 2 = 378). Data analysis was done using CFA to test the evidence validity based on internal structure and Pearson correlation to examine evidence of validity based on relation to other variables. This study confirmed the three-factor model of IWPQ in study 1 and study 2 with independent samples. The Indonesian version of the IWPQ also correlate positively with work engagement as criterion proving the evidence validity based on relation to others variable. The finding of this research strengthens the Indonesian version of IWPQ as a good tool in measuring work performance

East Meets West: Perceptions of Teachers and Students of Secondary Reform in China in 2012 and 2022

This mixed-methods study compares how secondary teachers implemented Education Reform in China in 2012 and 2022. The survey asked how often a teaching or evaluation strategy was used. The conclusions indicate that even though teacher-directed lessons (teacher talk, individual work, and questioning) still dominated, subject teachers were using a variety of student-centered learning (SCL) methods (activities and group work) and integration of technology (ICT) in accordance with reform initiatives. Surveys also revealed that classroom management needs decreased as a result of the reforms. The problem lies with the examination system, as there is little room for introducing reform initiatives.

The Semiotic Situation

In summer of 2021, a project began with Rae- Yen Song’s visit to the Print Studio, our first collaboration in some time since the pandemic1 began. Though social restrictions on how the spaces of the Print Studio were used continued, prioritising individual working and distance where possible, Song visited the Studio to begin conversations around print possibilities alongside a planned solo exhibition titled i in DCA’s galleries. These conversations began together with Annis Fitzhugh, Head of Print Studio at DCA, whose open- ended approach to collaborative experimentation in print as a method of invention is at the core of this research.2 Song introduced key concepts of narrative agency over the familial oral histories, memories and mythologies behind the exhibition, a sculptural environment based on what Song described as an ‘imagined dialogue with a long- departed grandfather...a being from another time and place, and my conversation with him addresses crossing, migration, loss, survival and labour’.

Doing youth in time? A relational perspective on the temporal constructions of youth

Temporality is a key principle of the constitution of youth as a life phase. Historically, ,invented‘ and institutionalized as moratorium, youth has been reserved for preparation for adulthood, thus contributing to the sequential order of the modern life course. Institutional age marks in school, youth welfare or citizenship claim to explicitly demarcate beginning and ending of youth in a linear way. Not only but most lately in the context of the activating welfare state, temporal normativities and normalities of growing up seem to have lost consistency. Consequently, young people have to position themselves with regard to chrononormative markers of the ‘right age’ reflected by distinctions from, ‘too young for …’ or, ‘too old for …’. The article analyses blurring temporalities of the youth phase by relating changes of the temporal regime(s) of young people's growing up and their individual and collective time work from a doing transitions perspective. The complexity and paradox of these temporalities are illustrated by three exemplary empirical case vignettes: Coping with suspended transitions in the pandemic; Fridays for Future as intergenerational struggle for future; and youth cultural practices expressing attempts of slowing down. In these constellations tensions of temporality emerge: the tension between moratorium and acceleration, between orientation towards the future and orientation towards the present, between simultaneity and linear sequentiality. A relational approach to the temporalities of youth is developed along with concepts like relative time and asynchronicity while young people's time work is reinterpreted in terms of doing youth in time. The paper concludes by discussing the implications of relational temporality for conceptualizing young people's agency and consequences for youth research.

Does Organizational Support Really Influence Satisfaction and Well-Being During Enforced Working from Home?

Theoretical background: The transition to enforced working from home (EWfH) due to the COVID-19 pandemic has dramatically altered work dynamics, necessitating a reevaluation of traditional labor relations and service delivery. This shift underscores the need for comprehensive organizational support, with theoretical frameworks like the job demands-resources (JD-R) model and work-life boundary management theory highlighting the impact of remote work on employee well-being, productivity, and job satisfaction. These frameworks suggest that well-being is influenced by the balance between job demands and resources, and how individuals manage work-life boundaries, laying the groundwork for exploring how organizational support can address EWfH challenges. Purpose of the article: This article aims to delve into organizational support during EWfH and its impact on employee well-being. It focuses on identifying critical support aspects and their influence on subjective well-being, providing insights into effective remote work practices and guiding organizations in supporting their workforce post-pandemic. Research methods: Employing a mixed-methods approach, the study surveyed 429 Polish employees across different sectors, complemented by qualitative interviews for deeper insight. This methodology enabled the collection of comprehensive data on employer support perceptions and their impact on remote working well-being, analyzed through statistical and thematic analysis methods. Main findings: Key findings underscore the importance of effective communication, resource access, well-being support, and career growth opportunities as crucial organizational support aspects for remote employees. A significant correlation was found between organizational support levels and enhanced employee well-being, with higher support linked to reduced stress, improved work-life balance, and increased job satisfaction. The study also emphasizes the need for personalized support strategies, accounting for individual differences and home working environments, to foster a positive remote working experience and ensure long-term productivity and well-being. The main application of your paper, which examines the impact of company policies on employee well-being during EWfH, could be the development of a comprehensive guide or toolkit for organizations to better support their remote workforce. This application would be particularly relevant to HR departments, managers and organizational leaders.

Mis-Out and Mis-In Examples: The Case of Rational Numbers

AbstractThis paper focuses on the definitions and the mis-out and mis-in examples of rational numbers that four prospective elementary teachers presented while working on rational number assignments. The participants were first asked to respond, individually, to an Individual Rational Number Assignment, consisting of items aiming at detecting their personal concept definitions of rational numbers and identifying the entities that they regarded as rational numbers. Then, to share their work with another prospective teacher, to identify similarities and differences in their responses, and to list issues that were raised during the individual or pair work, that they would like to discuss in class. The data exposed a tendency to provide one definition of rational numbers, to identify the term “rational” with “natural”, not to include a clarification that a rational number is a number, and a controversy regarding including (or not including) a statement that b ≠ 0 in the definition. Other observations related to a tendency not to categorize negative numbers (and perhaps also zero) as rational numbers and an inconsistency between their responses to the question “what is a rational number?” and their classification of examples of rational numbers. Recommendations for topics for discussion with prospective teachers, in light of the responses to the assignments, are suggested and methodological issues for considerations are proposed.

Adaptation and Validation of the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire into a Portuguese Version

The aim of this study is to adapt and validate the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) to a Portuguese version (IWPQ-PT) and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a sample of 423 digital sector workers. Two studies were conducted to define the factorial structure. In study 1 (n = 162), the results of an exploratory factor analysis pointed to a three-factor structure (18 items), explaining 55.56% of the variance. In study 2 (n = 261), the results of a confirmatory factor analysis revealed a good model fit (CFI = 0.95; RMSEA = 0.06), also reproducing the structure of the original model. The overall scale and subscales demonstrated good reliability, with Cronbach’s alpha coefficients ranging from 0.72 to 0.88. Correlations between the IWPQ-PT subscales and other instruments revealed that higher task and contextual performance are associated with increased job satisfaction, work engagement, and decreased turnover intention. Conversely, counterproductive work behavior is associated with lower job satisfaction, work engagement, and higher turnover intention. This study underscores the contributions of the IWPQ-PT as a reliable and valid tool for assessing individual work performance in Portuguese organizations and highlights its contributions to the field of employee work performance research as well as human resources practices.

Turnover Intention’s Employees Retail: The Role Performance And Work Engagment

This study aims to determine the effect of employee performance and work engagement on turnover intention both partially and simultaneously at retail organization. This research uses a quantitative approach. The sampling used is accidental sampling through google form with a total of 496 respondents of retail organization employees. Employee performance measurement tools are measured by the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) of 18 items. Work engagement is measured by the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale-9 (UWES-9) with a total of 9 items. Turnover intention was measured by Turnover Intention Scale (TII) by Mobley with 3 items. Data were processed using Jamovi 2.4 software with multiple linear regression models. Hypothesis testing results show that employee performance has no effect on turnover intention. While the work engagement variable has a negative effect on turnover intention. Simultaneously, employee performance and work engagement positively affect turnover intention by 6.7%.

Constructing a theory-informed workplace design framework: co-design case study for knowledge work environment satisfaction improvement

ABSTRACT Addressing work environment design methods has become increasingly important due to pandemic-induced changes in the ways and locations of work. This research addresses work environment design through a theory-informed workplace design framework to study the co-design process, the impact of spatial atmosphere on workplace experience and satisfaction, and infrequently studied spaces, i.e. meeting rooms and breakout areas. This case study is based on co-design methods, a workplace design intervention study and its evaluation. Comprehensive design is addressed through analytical dimensions of design, i.e. instrumental, symbolic, aesthetic and perceived dimensions of atmosphere and affordances. Furthermore, the spatial experience is explored through need-supply fit theory and workplace satisfaction. The pre-design results showed that employees have distinct design preferences based on perceived and analytical dimensions for technical, hybrid and creative meetings and individual work and recovery events. The workspace interventions were designed using the design information gathered from the co-design process; the changes implemented in intervention spaces increased employee satisfaction towards them. The study’s methodology contributes to establishing a theory-informed workplace design framework supporting user-centred workplace design and evaluation and indicates a role for spatial atmosphere in need-supply fit formation.

Psychological Protective and Risk Factors for Depression, Anxiety and Mental Well-Being in Social Workers

Abstract Social workers worldwide experience high rates of depression, anxiety and deficits in well-being. Depression, anxiety or poor mental well-being can have a significant effect on the individual social worker, and the quality of care they can provide. There have been limited attempts to examine and understand the underlying psychological protective and risk factors for depression, anxiety and poor well-being amongst social workers. Using the clinically modified Buddhist psychological model (CBPM) as a theoretical framework, this cross-sectional study examined a range of potential psychological protective and risk factors for depression, anxiety and mental well-being of 121 social workers in Northern Ireland, using structural equation modelling, and conditional process analyses. Mindfulness, acceptance, attention regulation/decentering skills, self-compassion, non-attachment and non-aversion could act as protective factors against depression, anxiety and poor mental well-being in social workers. Results also indicate that each of these variables could reduce the extent to which social workers worry and ruminate, further reducing the risk that social workers might experience depression, anxiety, or poor mental well-being. This study offers promising preliminary evidence that the CBPM is a useful explanatory framework which helps to explain variation in depression, anxiety and mental well-being amongst social workers.

“What I thought was the dream job was a little different than I had expected”: A qualitative study exploring the turnover of IPS employment specialists

BACKGROUND: Individual Placement and Support (IPS) is an evidence-based vocational rehabilitation program that helps people with severe mental problems to obtain and maintain paid jobs. Turnover of IPS employment specialists is a scarcely studied subject that can undermine the effectiveness and implementation of the intervention. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore and describe the experiential factors and processes that shape IPS employment specialists’ decisions to quit. METHODS: Braun and Clarke thematic analysis was used to analyze interviews of former IPS employment specialists, who worked during the early implementation phase in Northern Norway. RESULTS: A number of negative and positive experiential factors and processes were found to shape IPS employment specialists’ decisions to quit their jobs. A single theme captured our findings ‘The decision to quit for IPS employment specialists is a gradual process consisting of draining factors outweighing nourishing factors’. CONCLUSION: To retain IPS employment specialists in the early implementation phase, it is not enough to rely on hiring well-fitting individuals. Instead, prospectively developing interorganizational contexts, timely identifying and addressing work environment problems, while nurturing the strengths of individual workers can be helpful in decreasing turnover rates of IPS employment specialists.

A review on thermal energy storage with phase change materials enhanced by metal foams

Due to the mismatch between energy demand and energy production, in the last years the study of latent thermal energy storage systems has been significantly growing. This work aims to provide an overview of the studies and the experiments carried out on thermal energy storage systems, that use phase change materials combined with metal foams. A histogram that shows how the number of works on these subjects has been increasing over the years is reported; consequently, a general survey on phase change materials is conducted, identifying the temperature ranges and the latent heat which are most used in thermal energy storage systems and defining the strengths and weaknesses of the various types of phase change materials. Furthermore, the paper illustrates the models and methods currently used to describe the phase transition of phase change materials in metal foams. Subsequently, how metal foams improve the desirable characteristics of phase change materials is described, and then it is represented in what percentage the different pore sizes (PPI) are used and what the most functional porosity is for individual works. Lastly, through the summary of the analyzed papers some specific articles are considered, in order to explain the state-of-the-art and to clarify some fundamental concepts.

Leadership Style and Work Performance among Security Officers of Narcotic Addiction Recovery Centre, Malaysia

This study explores on leadership style and work performance among the security officers of the Narcotic Addiction Recovery Center (NARC). This research uses quantitative methods with the distribution of questionnaires to the officers in NARC. The study employs research tools on the Leadership Style Questionnaire (LSQ) by Northouse (2015) for the independent variable and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire (IWPQ) by Koopmans (2014) for the dependent variable. A total of 89 respondents were involved in this study. The reliability analysis was conducted on the leadership style had a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.819. Meanwhile, the work performance had a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.726. The results of this study found that there is a significant relationship between leadership style and work performance among NARC officers where the correlation value (r=0.426, p=0.000).

When the Dark Employee Takes an Irrational Turn: Exploring the Intersection of Dark Personality Traits and Work-Related Beliefs

An individual’s disposition towards work is influenced by various factors, including cognitive perception of reality. The attitudes individuals hold towards work are not always based on rational thinking and are also influenced by personality traits. Current research findings suggest that personality traits predict irrational beliefs, which in turn lead to different forms of maladjustment. These personality traits, commonly referred to as the Dark Triad, encompass Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy. These traits exhibit several shared characteristics with workaholism, a condition associated with irrational beliefs pertaining to work performance. This study aimed to explore the associations between irrational beliefs regarding work and the aversive personality traits. The results indicated a positive correlation between Machiavellianism and work-related irrational beliefs, particularly in relation to failure and control. Narcissism exhibited a positive association with co-workers’ approval. Psychopathy demonstrated a significant positive correlation with control and a negative correlation with performance demands. Regression models were employed to explain the variance in work-related irrational beliefs, ranging from 5.4 to 8.3%. This research builds upon previous studies that have examined workaholism, irrational beliefs, and personality traits, mostly Big Five. By linking the Dark Triad to specific irrational beliefs about work, this research contributes to a deeper understanding of how detrimental personality traits can influence workplace dynamics and individual work attitudes, extending beyond the broader categories typically studied under the Big Five personality traits. This insight is valuable for developing targeted interventions to address and mitigate the impact of these traits in professional settings.

About the Role of Perceptual Psychology in Art History

Abstract Numerous challenges that arise in the field of art history require recourse to expertise in perceptual psychology. In addition to explaining the meaning that people attach to individual works of art and their content, the effect that arises in the recipient is essential to deciding whether the work of art could adequately represent a statement. In addition, with in-depth knowledge of the human act of perception, it is easier to understand what people can and cannot process, when, and how. Art and perception have always formed a unity, as a work of art has no meaning without perception. Artists often acted as intuitive psychologists who understood very well how human perception works and how certain effects can be achieved. Accordingly, art history, which is dedicated to art from a historical perspective, requires precisely this expertise in a systematic manner to adequately depict, describe, and explain the dimension of perception. The following programmatic paper aims to make clear why both disciplines should work closely together and shows what such fruitful paths of joint work could look like.

Deep neural network-based probabilistic classifier of occupational accident types on a construction site in Korea

ABSTRACT The number of accidents in the Korean construction industry has been increasing rapidly, reaching about 25,000 every year. Although strong and binding laws and systems have been implemented to reduce accidents in the construction industry, the frequency of accidents is still higher than that of other industries. While existing studies have provided models for predicting occupational accidents, there are limitations in predicting individual workers’ occupational accidents specific to site conditions and worker tasks. This study proposed a deep neural network model that can classify and predict core accident types for workers in construction sites, considering the characteristics of the site and workers based on 70,204 case data from the Korea Occupational Safety and Health Agency. The result of this study would contribute to improve safety in construction sites by being used for safety accident prevention training customized for workers at construction sites. Additionally, the model can be expanded to develop a real-time construction site occupational accident monitoring and early warning system by integrating ICT-based safety management technologies such as wearable devices and CCTV.

Calibration for in vivo monitoring of thyroid of exposed population at risk of intakes of radioiodine isotopes due to a nuclear or radiological emergency

This work presents an improvement of the calibration of a broad energy germanium detector (BEGe) using age dependent neck-thyroid phantoms for thyroid monitoring of exposed individuals (workers and members of the public), allowing the detection and quantification of incorporated radioiodine isotopes in a nuclear medicine frame or in case of accident of a nuclear reactor.A BEGe detector was calibrated using a family of age-dependent thyroid-neck phantoms that simulate thyroids of 1, 5, 10, 15 year-old children and (male and female) adults, based in ICRP Publication 8 (ICRP, 2002) and ANSI 13.44 Standard (ANSI, 2014).The calibration of the BEGe detector for all neck phantoms was performed with the same counting geometry, centered under the BE Ge detector and at the same distance of 15 cm. Using same counting parameters allows to compare efficiency curves of thyroid monitoring depending with age. The in vivo measurements with the BE Ge detector allow to identify X rays and gamma emissions between 10 and 1000 keV with a great resolution and to quantify activities of radioiodine isotopes in the thyroid of exposed population.Calibration curves have been obtained for different sizes of the thyroid, depending with age. This study of counting efficiency using the main energies of the most important radioiodine isotopes result in accurate activity calculations. Detection limits were obtained for each radioiodine isotope, using blank phantoms of each age.