In this paper, it is demonstrated that the calculated physical adsorption energies, substrate–adsorbent distances and substrate distortions strongly depend on the size of the employed supercell and particularly on the type of optimization in the case of very flexible two-dimensional monolayers, such as indium (II) selenide (InSe). It has been established that calculations with optimization of only atomic positions and calculations with optimization of atomic positions and lattice parameters can give energies of different signs and values. In-plane (stretching and compression) and out-of-plane (ripple formation) distortions also lead to significant changes in the calculated adsorption energies. The influence of substrate flexibility and adsorption on the electronic structure and optical properties is also discussed.

A new indium precursor, namely, indium(II) chloride, was tested as a precursor in the synthesis of ternary Ag–In–S and quaternary Ag–In–Zn–S nanocrystals. This new precursor, being in fact a dimer of Cl2In–InCl2 chemical structure, is significantly more reactive than InCl3, typically used in the preparation of these types of nanocrystals. This was evidenced by carrying out comparative syntheses under the same reaction conditions using these two indium precursors in combination with the same silver (AgNO3) and zinc (zinc stearate) precursors. In particular, the use of indium(II) chloride in combination with low concentrations of the zinc precursor yielded spherical-shaped (D = 3.7–6.2 nm) Ag–In–Zn–S nanocrystals, whereas for higher concentrations of this precursor, rodlike nanoparticles (L = 9–10 nm) were obtained. In all cases, the resulting nanocrystals were enriched in indium (In/Ag = 1.5–10.3). Enhanced indium precursor conversion and formation of anisotropic, longitudinal nanoparticles were closely related to the presence of thiocarboxylic acid type of ligands in the reaction mixture. These ligands were generated in situ and subsequently bound to surfacial In(III) cations in the growing nanocrystals. The use of the new precursor of enhanced reactivity facilitated precise tuning of the photoluminescence color of the resulting nanocrystals in the spectral range from ca. 730 to 530 nm with photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) varying from 20 to 40%. The fabricated Ag–In–S and Ag–In–Zn–S nanocrystals exhibited the longest, reported to date, photoluminescence lifetimes of ∼9.4 and ∼1.4 μs, respectively. It was also demonstrated for the first time that ternary (Ag–In–S) and quaternary (Ag–In–Zn–S) nanocrystals could be applied as efficient photocatalysts, active under visible light (green) illumination, in the reaction of aldehydes reduction to alcohols.

Synthesis, Structure, Characterization, and Calculation of a Noncentrosymmetric Fluorine-Containing Indium Iodate, Ba[InF₃(IO₃)₂

Recent Advances in Indium Oxide Based Nanocatalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of CO2

In this paper, a monitoring system containing a novel liquid metal-based pressure sensor and remote interactive monitoring devices are fabricated to monitor stress in geotechnical engineering. The pressure sensor with the dimension of 34 mm × 34 mm is designed and manufactured, which is mainly composed of 40CrMoV alloy steel shell, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) and liquid metal gallium indium alloy (EGaIn). It has the characteristics of high stability, can greatly improve the measurement range of the pressure sensor (0 to 20 MPa), and its resistance variation is from 0 mΩ to 800 mΩ. In addition, the linear regression analysis is carried out to verify the linear relationship between the resistance of sensor and the applied pressure. It is found that the performance of the pressure sensor is fine through experiments with three different loading rates and fatigue experiments. The remote interactive monitoring device can be suitable for the field monitoring environment, which is composed of monitoring stations (MS), remote communication base stations (RCBS) and indoor working platform. Finally, the monitoring system is successfully applied to the field measurements in geotechnical engineering, and the field monitoring data are in good agreement with the numerical results.

Воздействие некоторых сложных хемостимуляторов и модификаторов на термооксидирование InP

Herein, via density functional theory (DFT), cluster expansion (CE), and Monte Carlo (MC) calculations, we investigate 3 binary MXene alloy systems of Ti2CO2 and M′2CO2 (M′ = V, Nb, or Ta), where T...

Effect of gold nanoparticle shape on the photophysicochemical properties of sulphur containing metallophthalocyanines

Introduction: There are many ways to treat cancer and pain relief. One of the methods is radiopharmaceutical therapy. Indium 111-rituximab contains the radioisotope indium-111 and rituximab. The Indium-111, after decay, emits gamma rays with energies of 245 KeV and 171 KeV, and beta-radiation of 26 KeV. In this study, the absorbed dose of 111In-Rituximab in human body was calculated using mice data and MCNPX simulation code for the organs of heart, lung, liver, spleen, kidney, stomach, intestine and pancreas. Materials and Methods: Male phantom was used for this simulation. The source and target organs were defined in code and absorbed dose obtained for per particle with error of 5 percent. The source organs were determined as volume source in SDEF card of MCNP code. Simulations were done in two steps for gamma and beta sources and the final absorbed dose of each organ were multiplied by the amount of cumulated activity of 1MBq. Results: The results showed that the absorbed dose due to injection of 111In-Rituximab for organs of spleen and stomach are 2.2252E-02, 5.5979E-03 respectively. so these organs are at risk in treating cancer with this radionuclide. The errors for were less than 5 percent. Conclusion: Monte Carlo method and MCNPX simulation code are important methods for calculation of the absorbed dose after the distribution of rradionuclides in the body. Also the results show that two organs spleen and stomach are at risk in Indium 111-rituximab therapy.

We present precision scattering-parameter measurements of chip-to-chip connections in heterogeneous integrated circuits: indium phosphide or gallium nitride “chiplets” mounted on Silicon Complementary Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor carrier chips. We demonstrate methodology, experimental results, and modeling results of these chip-scale interconnections from dc to 110 GHz. We used thru-reflect-line on-wafer calibration to establish reference planes inside heterogeneous integrated circuits, and then, we translated those reference planes to the proximity of the chip-to-chip transitions to isolate their contribution to the scattering parameters.

Indium in metalliferous mine wastes of the Iberian Pyrite Belt

This work reports on the synthesis of tetrakis-[(thiophineethoxy) phthalocyaninato] indium(II) chloride (3). The photophysical behavior of complex 3 was compared to that of the Zn derivative (tetrakis-[(thiophineethoxy) phthalocyaninato] zinc(II) (complex 2)). The compounds were interacted with gold-speckled silica (GSS) nanoparticles via Au-S self assembly to afford the conjugates (2-GSS and 3-GSS). The photophysicochemical behavior of the compounds and their conjugates were assessed. The conjugates afforded a decrease in fluorescence quantum yields and lifetimes with improved triplet and singlet oxygen quantum yields in comparison with complexes 2 and 3 alone. The complexes and their conjugates could serve as good candidates for photodynamic therapy.

Фотопроводимость пленок оксида индия легированных галлием в ультрафиолетовой области

We report the fabrication of high performance inverted polymer solar cells with simply modified indium tin oxide (ITO) by an ultrathin aluminum (Al) and sodium chloride (NaCl) composite layer. The device efficiency and stability were both improved. The optimized device with poly(3-hexylthiophene) as the donor and [6,6]-phenyl-C61-butyric acid methylester as the acceptor under AM 1.5 (100 mw cm−2) radiation achieved a high power conversion efficiency of 3.88% with an open-circuit voltage of 0.60 V and a fill factor of 0.61, which is significantly higher than those of the inverted devices with only Al or NaCl as modification interlayer, respectively. Moreover, the stability is enhanced by about 70% more than that of the conventional device. The significant enhancement is attributed to the reduced work function of ITO electrode from 4.75 to 3.90 eV by modification as well as the improvement of the electrode interface.

Objective To synthesize 4 kinds of 111In-TPP cations and evaluate their properties as tumor cationic radiotracers in vivo and in vitro. Methods DO3A-xy-TPP, DO3A-xy-mTPP, DO3A-xy-dmTPP and DO3A-xy-tmTPP were radiolabeled with 111In; their lipid-water partition coefficients and in vivo and in vitro stability were evaluated. The binding affinities of 4 kinds of 111In-radiotracers were determined in cell uptake and cell efflux assay using U87MG tumor cells. Biodistribution studies and γ imaging studies were performed using the athymic nude mice bearing U87MG human glioma xenografts to explore the biological properties of 4 kinds of 111In-radiotracers. One-way analysis of variance was used. Results The labeling yields of 4 kinds of 111In-radiotracers were all above 85%, and the radiochemical purity were all greater than 99% after purification. Binding assay in U87MG cells showed that 4 kinds of radiotracers had great binding affinity and cell retention ability, and 111In-DO3A-xy-mTPP had the best binding ratio (1.49%; F=177.8, P<0.05). Gamma imaging and biodistribution results showed that the U87MG tumors could be clearly visualized by 111In-DO3A-xy-mTPP, 111In-DO3A-xy-dmTPP and 111In-DO3A-xy-tmTPP, and the liver uptake of the 3 tracers was lower than that of 111In-DO3A-xy-TPP. In particular, 111In-DO3A-xy-mTPP had the best tumor/liver ratio (0.13±0.05, 2 h postinjection; F=9.4, P<0.05). Conclusions The tumor-targeted ability of 111In-DO3A-xy-mTPP is better than those of 111In-DO3A-xy-dmTPP, 111In-DO3A-xy-tmTPP and 111In-DO3A-xy-TPP, suggesting that it has the potential to be a promising tumor cationic radiotracer. Key words: Triphenylphosphonium; Isotope labeling; Indium radioisotopes; Glioma; Radionuclide imaging; Mice, nude

복잡한 모체를 갖는 시료에 존재하는 미량의 원소들은 모체방해효과로 인하여 분석이 어렵다. 따라서 시료모체로부터 미량의 원소들을 분리해서 분석할 수 있다면 그 방해 요인을 줄일 수 있어 분석에 많은 도움이 된다. 시료모체와 미량의 원소들을 분리하기 위하여 인듐 수산화물( $In(OH)_3$ )을 이용하여 시료 내에 ...

Low-Voltage Driving of Indium Zinc Oxide Transistors with Atomic Layer Deposited High-k Al2O3 as Gate Dielectric

Synthesis and properties of sol-gel derived transparent ZnO thin films: Effect of indium doping

GRAPHICAL ABSTRACT

To study the effects of indium exposure on the relative content of mitochondrial ND1 gene in lymphocytes. Venous blood was obtained from 14 healthy workers and anticoagulated with heparin. Blood lymphocytes were separated and divided into three tube cultures. For two tubes in the exposed group, indium chloride was added to final concentrations of 0.2 mmol/L and 0.8 mmol/L, respectively. For one tube in the control group, an equal volume of normal saline solution was added. After incubation for 72 h, the relative content of mitochondrial gene in each group was determined using quantitative real-time PCR. Lymphocytes exposed to 0.8 mmol/L indium chloride had a significantly higher relative content of mitochondrial gene than those exposed to 0.2 mmol/L indium chloride and those in the control group (P < 0.05, P < 0.05). Lymphocytes exposed to a high concentration of indium and its compounds have an elevated relative content of mitochondrial ND1 gene, indicating increased oxidative DNA damage induced by exposure to a high concentration of indium and its compounds.