Indirect Links Research Articles

Parental Perception of Vulnerability, Child’s Temperament, and Health Locus of Control: Who Made You Boo-Boo?

Background: In Pakistan, where unintentional injuries among toddlers pose a significant public health challenge, understanding the factors that contribute to elevated injury risks is crucial. A two-dimensional approach including parental factors (internal/external health locus of control and perceived vulnerability) and child factors (the child’s temperament) is explored as contributing to the unintentional injury behaviors of toddlers. Method: The study involved 241 parents of toddlers aged 18–36 months from daycare centers in three major Pakistani cities who had observed multiple recent injuries in their children. The comprehensive online assessment, lasting 15–20 minutes, incorporated the child vulnerability scale, injury behavior checklist, parent health locus of control questionnaire, and early childhood behavior questionnaire. Demographic details included child and parent age distributions, with a focus on educational backgrounds. The participants comprised both fathers and mothers, and the data analysis employed Smart-PLS software for structural equation modeling. Result: The results suggested there is no direct relationship between parental health locus of control (internal/external) and injury behaviors in children. However, an indirect and significant path was observed from the parental health locus of control (internal/external) to perceived child vulnerability and injury behaviors through moderation of temperamental characteristics. Conclusion: Our research underscores the indirect link between parental factors, child temperament, and toddler injuries in Pakistan. Culturally sensitive interventions targeting parental awareness can play a pivotal role in safeguarding the well-being of the youngest members of society.

Corporate social responsibility impact on customer-based brand equity in the Moroccan luxury hotel context: mediating role of customer value co-creation

PurposeThis study aims to examine the impact of corporate social responsibility (CSR) on customer-based brand equity (CBBE), with a focus on the mediating role of customer value cocreation (CVCC). The objective is to understand the direct and indirect links between CSR and the dimensions of CBBE (image, quality, awareness, loyalty) in the context of the luxury hotel industry, thus filling existing gaps.Design/methodology/approachThis quantitative study of luxury hotel guests in Morocco used a questionnaire. After a pilot study with 10 professionals, the final version was administered, generating 204 valid responses. Purposive convenience sampling was chosen. PLS analysis was favored.FindingsThe results highlight the significant influence of CSR on the four dimensions of CBBE. Likewise, CVCC exerts a significant effect on CBBE aspects, except for brand loyalty. CVCC partially mediates the relationship between CSR and brand image, perceived quality and brand awareness. However, it does not have a significant mediating role in the CSR−brand loyalty relationship.Research limitations/implicationsThe study, despite its contributions, is limited to the luxury hotel industry in Morocco, raising concerns of external validity. Future research should diversify service contexts and explore the multidimensionality of CSR.Practical implicationsLuxury hotel managers should prioritize authentic communication to optimize their CBBE through CVCC. An inclusive and strategic approach to cocreation is essential to strengthen the impact of CSR on CBBE. Integrating CSR into customer touchpoints and human resources policies is crucial.Originality/valueThis study, to the best of the authors’ knowledge, enriches understanding of the complex interactions between CSR, CVCC and CBBE in Morocco and North Africa. Its originality lies in its exclusive contribution to the region’s marketing literature, broadening the field of knowledge. By exploring these relationships in the specific context of the region, it offers new perspectives to researchers and practitioners interested in CSR, CVCC and CBBE.

Unveiling the nexus: organization inclusion, ethical virtues and organizational citizenship behavior in the hospitality sector

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the intricate dynamics within the hospitality service sector, which predominantly employs low-wage and low-skilled workers. These employees frequently encounter challenges related to breaches in their psychological contracts. Despite their critical role in customer service, their experiences are often overlooked in organizational inclusion research. We investigate the relationship between employees’ perceptions of organizational inclusion and their assessments of organizational ethical virtues (OEVs), considering the potential moderating effect of psychological contract breach. Furthermore, it explores how these factors influence customer- and organizationdirected organizational citizenship behaviors (OCBs).Design/methodology/approachOur research design incorporates a two-stage moderated-mediation model to test our proposed hypotheses empirically. A two-source sample of 451 European hotel managers and employees extends the inquiry with the proposed model. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to analyze the proposed relationships.FindingsFindings reveal that organization inclusion is positively associated with OEV and employee-perceived OEV mediates an indirect link between organization inclusion on customer-oriented OCB. Moreover, psychological contract breach (P CB) attenuates the association between organization inclusion and OEV at the first stage and OEV, and OCB at the second stage.Originality/valueThe findings robustly corroborate our proposed model. The study findings culminate in a discussion accentuating the extensive implications of our findings for both research and practicality within the hospitality sector. Anchored in empirical revelations, we delineate avenues for future exploration in this pivotal domain.

How do online sales channels affect global product purchases? The role of CSR and cross-country differences

This study aims to extend the link between online purchasability and consumers’ actual purchase behavior in the global product context by considering global companies’ social contributions and cross-country differences. Using 1033 datasets from South Korea (n = 545) and Japan (n = 488), we employed the PROCESS macro to test the moderated moderated mediation hypothesis. Our findings highlight that global companies’ social contributions strengthen the positive indirect effect of online purchasability on purchase frequency by increasing the number of items purchased. Furthermore, contrary to our prediction, Japanese consumers with a high evaluation of social contribution have a stronger positive indirect link between online purchasability and purchase frequency than South Korean consumers. We provide significant insights into the implications of online sales channel management and its strategy, highlighting the role of corporate social responsibility in better understanding the dynamics of global consumer product purchases in the context of a cross-country analysis.

The driving effect of experience: How perceived frequency of floods and feeling of loss of control are linked to household-level adaptation

This study examines how perceived and remembered flood experiences, measured as frequent flood experience (FFE) and loss of control experience (LCE) during the last flood, are related to individual protection motivation. Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) builds the theoretical basis of this study, describing protection motivation as a result of threat and coping appraisals. To evaluate the relationship between flood experience and protective behavior, we applied structural equation modeling using survey data from 2020 conducted in Saxony, Germany (n = 1,884). Four main conclusions can be drawn: first, both applied measures of experience, FFE and LCE, are positively associated with threat appraisal, leading to a positive link to protection motivation. Second, FFE and LCE negatively relate to coping appraisal, culminating in an overall negative relationship with protection motivation. Third, FFE has a stronger direct link to protection motivation, and LCE has a stronger indirect link via threat and coping appraisals. Fourth, the relationship between LCE and threat appraisals decreases over time, while the relationship between FFE and threat appraisals does not diminish. The study underscores the importance of considering individual flood experience to understand protective behavior in the context of increasing flood frequencies. Moreover, including affective measures of experience, such as LCE, can improve our understanding of why some flood-prone people undertake protective measures whereas others do not.

Terroir store brand authenticity

PurposeThe objective of this exploratory study was to investigate the communication themes that retailers should prioritise to convey terroir store brands’ (TSBs) authenticity and the impact of their authenticity on several variables (i.e. value, attitude, trust, intentions and effective purchases). TSBs combine a variety of products that adhere to stringent standards associated with a terroir. Charters et al. (2017) referred to a terroir as “a resource based on unique physical origins and shared cultural personification that shape a product’s benefits into a meaningful value proposition” (p. 755). Three communication themes were studied: the ingredients’ origin, traditional local recipes and the producer’s history in a region (terroir).Design/methodology/approachAn experiment was conducted in a store laboratory. A total of 420 consumers representative of the French population were randomly assigned to four independent groups in a between-subjects study design. They shopped in the store laboratory with a section dedicated to a TSB. Each of the independent samples in this experiment was exposed to posters in the store laboratory related to the three communication themes studied. The control group did not see any posters.FindingsThe study showed that the level of TSB authenticity was highest for the communication theme related to the traditional local recipes of the culinary dishes offered by the TSB. Next came the theme related to the ingredients’ origin, followed by the producer’s history in the terroir. Moreover, for the communication theme related to the traditional local recipes, TSB authenticity had a direct impact on value, trust and intentions. Moreover, the link between intentions and effective purchases of TSB products has only been established for this specific communication theme.Originality/valueFirst, this study adds to the limited research on TSBs’ authenticity and identifies the communication themes retailers should use to promote such brands. It also proposes an integrative model of the consequences of TSBs’ authenticity in the retailing field that highlights the direct and indirect links (through value, attitude, trust and intentions) between authenticity and consumers’ effective purchases. Finally, it indicates the kind of discourse on TSBs that conveys their authenticity.

Data analytics use in financial due diligence: the influence of accounting and commercial logic

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to a better, empirically grounded and theoretically informed understanding of data analytics (DA) use and nonuse in accounting for decision-making. To that end, it explores the links between accounting logic, commercial logic and DA use in financial due diligence (FDD). Design/methodology/approach The paper reports the findings of a case study of DA use in the FDD practice of a Big Four accounting firm in Sweden (Pseudonym: DealCo). The primary data comprises semistructured interviews, observations and additional meetings. Institutional logics is mobilized as method theory. Findings First, accounting logic and commercial logic both drove and hindered DA use in DealCo’s FDD practice in different ways. Second, conflicting prescriptions for DA use existed mostly within commercial logic rather than between accounting logic and commercial logic. Third, accounting logic and commercial logic, as perceptual and conceptual filters, seemed to shape DealCo’s advisors’ understanding of DA and give rise to an efficiency-centric DA logic. This logic, in turn, as a high-level model of how to use DA in the context of FDD, governed DA use broadly. Originality/value The paper draws attention to direct and indirect links between accounting logic and commercial logic, on the one hand, and DA conceptions and use, on the other hand. It, thereby, advances prior theorization of DA use in accounting for decision-making.

MiRNAs: Key Molecules in the Immunopathogenesis of Betacoronaviruses

A series of patients hospitalized with acute respiratory disease was reported in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019. Many patients have had direct or indirect links with the Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market, Wuhan. This is the prologue to the ongoing pandemic of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) that has affected more than 150 countries and over 250,000 people worldwide, killing thousands of people. The pandemic has once again drawn public attention to the coronaviruses that developed epidemics in China (2002) and Saudi Arabia (2012). Given the structural and phylogenetic similarity of the 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), the results of recent studies have been combined with new findings to complete one of the strangest pneumonia puzzles in the human history. Coronaviruses establish extremely complex interactions with the immune system, especially in order to evade immune responses. Undoubtedly, increasing our knowledge of the immunopathogenesis of diseases caused by these viruses will eventually lead to more effective treatment and diagnosis. Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) are among the leading immune response regulators. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) play an important role in the expression and regulation of both innate and adaptive immune responses and in many immune disorders from autoimmunity to cancer and allergies. Our understanding of the functions of human and viral miRNAs in the pathogenesis of many viruses has increased in recent years. Accordingly, the present review article aims to review studies evaluating the role of miRNAs in the pathogenesis of other Betacoronaviruses. The results of these studies, given the similarity of viruses within the family Coronaviridae, could be helpful for future research on SARS-CoV-2.

How national and school cultural factors influence the link between distributed leadership and collective teacher innovativeness: Testing a multilevel moderated mediation model

AbstractThis study aimed to test a multilevel moderated mediation model, where the association between distributed leadership (DL) and collective teacher innovativeness (CTI) was examined, with collectivism (COL) included as the moderator and supportive school culture (SSC) as a mediator. Using data from 829 teachers employed in 61 elementary and lower secondary schools in Turkey, we conducted multilevel structural equation modelling through Bayesian to estimate the structural links between our study variables. Our results showed significant indirect effects of DL on CTI via SSC. The findings also extend the literature by suggesting the significant moderator role of COL on the indirect link between DL and CTI via SSC. We discuss implications for policy and practice.

Impact of ideology on individuals’ attitudes to a climate-motivated tax on food

ABSTRACT The expanding field of public acceptance consistently shows left-leaning ideology as a predictor of support for many climate policy instruments. However, little work has been done to investigate the indirect links between ideology and policy-specific beliefs like perceived fairness, effectiveness and infringement on personal freedom on policy acceptance. Of this work, none pertain specifically to taxes that target greenhouse gas emissions from food consumption, called climate-motivated food taxes (CMF tax). CMF taxes are useful for studying the factors underlying ideology because they intersect with changing personal behaviour, which especially triggers ideological concerns. Moreover, CMF taxes appear to be an effective way to curb emissions stemming from the production of animal products, primarily beef and dairy, which are responsible for nearly a third of global emissions. Lastly, this study provides insight into how the predictability of ideological effects on policy acceptance differs in countries also beyond those classically studied (such as the USA and countries in Europe) by utilizing survey data collected in 2023 from Brazil, Germany, India, South Africa, Sweden and the USA (N = 10,513). We find direct and indirect links between ideology and policy acceptability, where fairness and effectiveness beliefs about policies mediate more of the effect than beliefs about freedom. Key policy insights The traditional ideological left–right divide, affecting policy attitudes, is more relevant for countries in the Global North. Well-established policy acceptance indicators may not be the same or as relevant in the Global South, implying that there may be more public support for instruments like a CMF tax than previously understood. Climate change concern strongly affects policy support for a CMF tax, so spreading awareness of climate change and its impacts via education and policy communication might increase support. Perceived fairness strongly affects policy support for a CMF tax, so to avoid public opposition; policy-makers need to take into consideration distributional and procedural concerns when designing a CMF tax.

The bright side and the dark side of foreign language boredom in learner engagement: a moderated mediation model of foreign language playfulness and boredom-coping strategies

ABSTRACT This study investigates the influence of foreign language boredom (FLB) on various dimensions of learner engagement mitigated by the application of boredom-coping strategies (BCSs). It also examines the role of foreign language playfulness (FLP) as a moderator in the relationship between BCSs and learner engagement to determine whether FLP amplifies the impact of BCSs as well as the indirect effect, via BCSs, of FLB on engagement. Data were collected from 457 university learners in general English courses offered in three Iranian universities. To evaluate our model, we used partial least square structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results suggest that FLB can indirectly influence engagement positively or negatively depending on the use of different BCSs (approach vs. avoidance strategies). Furthermore, FLP strengthened the link between BCSs and engagement along with the indirect link between FLB and engagement via BCSs; these links were stronger for participants with a higher level of FLP. The theoretical and pedagogical implications of the research are discussed.

Genome size is positively correlated with extinction risk in herbaceous angiosperms.

Angiosperms with large genomes experience nuclear-, cellular-, and organism-level constraints that may limit their phenotypic plasticity and ecological niche, which could increase their risk of extinction. Therefore, we test the hypotheses that large-genomed species are more likely to be threatened with extinction than those with small genomes, and that the effect of genome size varies across three selected covariates: life form, endemism, and climatic zone. We collated genome size and extinction risk information for a representative sample of angiosperms comprising 3250 species, which we analyzed alongside life form, endemism, and climatic zone variables using a phylogenetic framework. Genome size is positively correlated with extinction risk, a pattern driven by a signal in herbaceous but not woody species, regardless of climate and endemism. The influence of genome size is stronger in endemic herbaceous species, but is relatively homogenous across different climates. Beyond its indirect link via endemism and climate, genome size is associated with extinction risk directly and significantly. Genome size may serve as a proxy for difficult-to-measure parameters associated with resilience and vulnerability in herbaceous angiosperms. Therefore, it merits further exploration as a useful biological attribute for understanding intrinsic extinction risk and augmenting plant conservation efforts.

Linking teachers’ and students’ motivation for self-regulated learning: is there a signal and how is it transmitted?

Teachers’ motivation is a core professional competence that influences their choices in their decision-making, such as promoting self-regulated learning (SRL). Promoting SRL supports students’ SRL development and might affect students’ motivation to apply strategies. However, the link between teachers’ motivation to promote SRL and students’ motivation to apply strategies has yet to be empirically investigated. In a multilevel analysis that included 167 lower secondary teachers and their 2,785 students, we analysed the direct and indirect relationships between teachers’ self-efficacy and attainment value, the teacher- and student-reported SRL promotion and students’ self-efficacy, utility value, attainment value and cost at the class and individual level. Additionally, we investigated the contribution of teacher- and student-reported SRL promotion to find indirect relations. Teachers’ self-efficacy was related to teacher-reported SRL promotion, and student-reported SRL promotion was associated with all motivational outcomes at the class and student level except for cost. Further, we found indirect effects between teachers’ self-efficacy for SRL promotion and students’ values and self-efficacy for SRL via teachers- and students-perceived SRL promotion. No direct effects between teacher and student motivation could be found, and no significant indirect relationships were found for the cost aspect. Regarding how the signal is transmitted, the results show that including student reports of SRL promotion is especially crucial to finding indirect links. However, future studies should employ longitudinal designs and incorporate more nuanced teacher and student motivation measures in SRL to better understand the motivational links between teachers and students.

Sustainability of the society through green human resources management practices: A proposed model

Purpose: This study evaluates and fills this knowledge gap by providing empirical evidence of the relationship between green HRM practices and environmental performance based on the resource-based view, dynamic capabilities theory, and triple bottom line theory. Research Methodology: A detailed review of the empirical and conceptual articles related to this topic was conducted. An eclectic analysis and synthesis of evidence guided the development and presentation of the proposed framework. Results: A review of relevant studies revealed that GHRM practices positively determine society’s sustainability through the adoption of environmental practices. Green human resource management practices have also been proposed to have a direct link to society’s sustainability and an indirect link mediated by environmental practices. This study is limited to green human resource management practices, environmental practices, and the sustainability of society. Contribution: This study provides a valid mechanism and useful insights for corporate organizations, entrepreneurs, researchers/scholars, policy makers, community leaders, and government, among others, to facilitate the use of human resources (HRM) practices as a means for improving environmental practices and sustainability of society.

Do artificial intelligence system adoptions foster production management supply chain performance in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms? An empirical exploring study from the MENA region

PurposeThe goal of this study is to better understand the driving force behind the use of artificial intelligence (AI) in pharmaceutical manufacturing firms (PMFs) that are recognized as developing countries in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) region that are listed by the Chambers of the Industries of Jordan, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Morocco, and Algeria. Furthermore, the effect of adopting and using AI in managing raw materials (RMs), products, parts, and components for PMFs through supply chains (SCs).Design/methodology/approachA self-administrated questionnaire survey was used to gather data from 95 out of 511 participating managers (e.g. manufacturing, supplying, IT, operational, and logistical managers) utilizing a quantitative technique with a random sample size. In fact, 18.8% of the 89 different manufacturing firms (MFs) in the MENA area responded, with five to six managers from each company. The raw data was analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM).FindingsThe study’s findings show that the readiness to embrace artificial intelligence (AI) in the production management supply chain performance (PMSCP) of pharmaceutical manufacturing firms in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) is positively and significantly influenced directly and indirectly by sustainable strategic supplier reliability (SSSR), shipping process dependability (SPD), technological factors (TFs), and infrastructure transformational development capability (ITDC).Originality/valueAs the studied countries are growing economies, such study findings might offer insightful consequences for stakeholders and policymakers regarding the significance of using artificial intelligence system adoptions in pharmaceutical manufacturing enterprises in the MENA region. The managers may also concentrate on the strong positive direct and indirect links between SSSR, SPD, TFs, and ITDC preparedness to accept AI adoption and its applications and systems in supply chain and production management departments and the consequences of informational and product delivery.

The Effect of Perceived Risk and Customer Experience on Loyalty Intention for Mobile Banking: The Moderating Role of Customer Satisfaction

In the banking industry, providing a range of conventional and high-tech services is crucial to ensure customer satisfaction. One area that requires attention is mobile banking services, which need to offer an engaging experience to keep customers satisfied and loyal. However, empirically, the evidence regarding the impact of the role of mobile banking customer satisfaction on loyalty intention seems to leave room for improvement. Research indicates that customer experience and the risks involved can have a significant impact on consumer satisfaction and loyalty intention. The study is conducted using explanatory research methodology, employing a quantitative approach and adhering to the positivist paradigm. This methodology aims to elucidate the causal relationship between variables, both through direct and indirect means. The research data was analyzed using PLS-SEM, which stands for Partial Least Square Structural Equation Method. The findings indicate that perceived risk has a detrimental influence on customer satisfaction, whereas customer experience has a beneficial effect. Research has demonstrated that customer satisfaction has a clear and substantial impact on the intention of customers to remain loyal. While all indirect links are supported, it is not possible to establish a direct relationship between perceived risk and customer experience on loyalty intention. The significance of customer satisfaction lies in its ability to connect perceived risk and customer experience results with loyalty intention. This study explores the implications for literature and management about mobile banking applications and the integration of perceived risk and customer experience in shaping customer satisfaction and loyalty in the banking sector. These advancements emphasize the significance of excellent customer experiences in enhancing customer happiness and loyalty. Companies must enhance client experience and strive to surpass expectations. Gaining a comprehensive understanding of the concept of "customer satisfaction" and its role as a mediator can help marketing and customer relationship management strategies effectively retain and attract customers.

Species-specific variation in mental gland secretions of turtles revealed by proteomic and lipidomic profiling

Chemical signaling through pheromones is an ancient and widespread mode of communication. Turtles and tortoises (chelonians) secrete pheromones via mental (chin) glands and have superior olfactory capacities rendering them a promising group to study the evolution and function of chemical communication in vertebrates. Here, we use state-of-the art proteomics and lipidomics techniques to identify and explore the possible functions of proteins and lipids secreted by mental glands in turtles. We examined four turtle species all from the family Geoemydidae, to understand among-species as well as sexual variation in the composition of mental gland secretions. Differential expression of a relatively small number (ca. 65) of proteins explained a large portion of the proteome variation across species, highlighting the existence of specific signals evolving even in closely related species. Lipidomic analysis revealed high inter-individual variation, but species differences could be attributed to five different lipid classes. The lipids found in mental glands could have a dietary origin or be related to individual condition, but may nonetheless be used in communication. We also examined sex-specific differences in the proteome of a single species (Mauremys leprosa) and found that males expressed a much larger array of proteins than females. Our findings establish a group of candidate proteins potentially involved in chemical signaling in freshwater geoemydid turtles. Alternatively, differently expressed proteins in mental glands could have an indirect link to chemical communication, being involved in pheromone transport and/or antioxidant protection.

Maritime Linkages between the Han Dynasty and Parthian Empire: Evidence from Unearthed Persian Pottery

This study describes a Persian pottery jug unearthed from Hepu, a well-known port for foreign trade in China during the Han Dynasty. The jug is the earliest and only Persian object dated to the Han Dynasty discovered in China. It thus serves as one of the most significant physical pieces of evidence for the investigation of trade between the Han Dynasty and Southeast Asia, South Asia, and even West Asia. This article takes the Persian jug as its starting point, and combines archaeological data from the same period unearthed from other port sites in Southeast Asia and South Asia, as well as Chinese and foreign historical documents, to recover the sea route via which the Persian jug moved from West Asia through South and Southeast Asia to Hepu, to confirm that the Han Dynasty had established indirect or direct maritime links with the Parthian Empire by the second century A.D. at the latest. This conclusion is supported with the discovery of glass and bronze cymbals from Western Asian and Mediterranean regions in Hepu and Panyu, the latter of which served as the largest foreign goods distribution center in the southern coastal area of China.

Expectancies, learning anxiety, and students’ achievement

ABSTRACT This paper attempts to estimate the relationships between teachers’ and parents’ expectancies and students’ achievement in mathematics and literacy as measured by matriculation exam scores and final marks in the 12th-grade. Furthermore, it was examined whether these links are mediated by students’ self-expectancies and their mathematics and literacy anxiety. The hypothesised direct and indirect links were tested using structural equation modelling based on data gathered in a cross-sectional study (n = 479). The exam scores in mathematics and literacy were directly related only to parents’ expectancies, in contrast to mathematics and literacy marks which were directly related only to teachers’ expectancies. Moreover, students’ self-expectancies acted as a positive, while mathematics and literacy anxiety acted as a negative regulator of the links between significant others’ expectancies and students’ outcomes in both subjects. The findings were discussed in the light of theories and results of studies concerning teachers’ and parents’ expectancy effects.

A Complex Relationship between Quality of Life, Anxiety, and Depression among General Population during Second Year of COVID-19 Pandemic: A Population-Based Study.

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on the global economy and public health, disrupting various aspects of daily life. Apart from its direct effects on physical health, it has also significantly affected the overall quality of life and mental health. This study employed a path analysis to explore the complex association among multiple factors associated with quality of life, anxiety, and depression in the general population of the Republic of Srpska during the pandemic's second year. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted on a nationally representative sample (n = 1382) of the general population (adults aged 20+) during the second year of the COVID-19 pandemic in the Republic of Srpska, Bosnia, and Herzegovina. Assessment tools included the DASS-21 scale for depression, anxiety, and stress, along with the Brief COPE scale, Quality of Life Scale (QOLS), and Oslo Social Support Scale (OSSS-3). Sociodemographic factors and comorbidities were also assessed. Structural equation modeling was used to identify the direct and indirect links of various characteristics to quality of life, anxiety, and depression. Results: This study revealed a considerable prevalence of anxiety and depression symptoms (27.5% and 20.9%, respectively), with quality of life playing a significant mediating role. The constructed path model accounted for 33.1% of moderate to severe depression and 79.5% of anxiety. Negative coping was directly linked to anxiety and indirectly to depression via anxiety, while the absence of positive coping had both direct and indirect paths (through quality of life) on depression. Among variables that directly affected depression, anxiety had the highest effect. However, the bidirectional paths between anxiety and depression were also suggested by the model. Conclusions: Pandemic response strategies should be modified to effectively reduce the adverse effects on public mental health. Further research is necessary to assess the long-term effects of the pandemic on mental health and to analyze the contributing factors of anxiety and depression in the post-COVID period.