The possession of digital marketing capabilities serves as a crucial factor in establishing a competitive advantage among hotels. Despite receiving increasing attention from both practitioners and scholars, there has been a lack of comprehensive scholarly investigation of the direct and indirect impact of digital marketing capabilities on service innovation in the hospitality industry. This paper aims to address this research gap by exploring the mediating role of marketing agility in the link between digital marketing capabilities and service innovation in the context of hospitality. It also explores the mechanism by which digital marketing capabilities may be connected to service innovation. Data were collected from managers using a unique multisource dataset gathered at two points in time. Findings revealed that digital marketing capabilities has a significant direct and indirect impact on service innovation. Marketing agility mediates the link between digital marketing capabilities and service innovation. Furthermore, results of conditional effects revealed that the impact of DMCs on service innovation is more pronounced when the values of technological dynamism and structural flux are higher. Moreover, the post hoc analysis revealed that the relationship between digital marketing capabilities and service innovation doesn’t vary between countries. Our study offers meaningful implications for theory and practice. • Examines how digital marketing capabilities drive service innovation. • Tests marketing agility as a mediator in the DMC–innovation link. • Builds on the dynamic capabilities perspective. • Finds DMCs enhance both agility and service innovation. • Shows agility transmits DMC effects to innovation outcomes.

Purpose Drawing upon expectancy theory and social exchange theory, our study examines the dual mediating mechanisms that explain how the impact of individual pay for performance (PFP) on job performance manifests positively by enhancing work effort and negatively by damaging team member exchange (TMX). Furthermore, we investigate the moderating role of interactional justice in strengthening PFP's positive effect and weakening its negative effect. Design/methodology/approach To test our research model, we designed a quantitative field study. Our data were collected by surveying 197 employees across six companies. These participants represented a diverse range of job types, including administration, sales, research and development, and engineering departments. Findings Indirect relationship between individual PFP and job performance mediated by enhanced work effort was positive and statistically significant, while the indirect impact of individual PFP on job performance mediated by decreased TMX was positive but non-significant. Furthermore, interactional justice played a crucial moderating role: it amplified the positive effect of individual PFP on work effort and mitigated the negative effect on TMX. Moreover, the overall positive indirect impact of individual PFP on job performance (through work effort as well as TMX) was more pronounced when interactional justice was high. Originality/value Our research provides a more nuanced understanding of the individual PFP effect on job performance by considering its dual nature – both positive and negative aspects – with interactional justice serving as the key moderator.

This study conducts a systematic literature review (SLR) to examine the relationship between Human Resource ‎Management (HRM) practices and organisational effectiveness (OE), intending to provide a comprehensive ‎synthesis of existing research. The review is based on studies retrieved from the Web of Science database and ‎follows the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) framework. A total of ‎‎45 studies were selected using well-defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. In addition, a bibliometric analysis was ‎conducted to identify key publication trends, influential authors, prominent journals, and the intellectual structure ‎of the field. The findings reveal that HRM practices—such as recruitment and selection, training and development, and ‎career advancement—play a critical role in enhancing organisational effectiveness. The study identifies key factors ‎influencing HRM practices and highlights their direct and indirect impact on organisational outcomes. It further ‎emphasises the importance of adopting an integrated approach that combines effective HRM practices with ‎broader organisational and environmental strategies to improve long-term performance and sustainability. The ‎review also underscores the necessity of aligning HR policies with organisational goals, values, and competitive ‎strategies to maximise the potential of human capital. Finally, the study highlights the need for continuous research ‎to strengthen the understanding of HRM–OE linkages and to support the development of effective, evidence-based ‎HR practices‎.

Background: Depression has a substantial direct and indirect impact on physical illness among the general outpatients. This impact includes amplifying physical symptoms and worsening functional impairment, thereby increasing morbidity and mortality, decreasing patients’ adherence to treatment, increasing the cost of treatment, and reducing the health-related quality of life. Aim: This study aimed to determine and compare the prevalence and factors associated with depression amongst rural and urban general outpatients. Study Design: It was a descriptive comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration of Study: The study was conducted in two general out-patients clinics located in urban and rural Kano, respectively, viz. Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH) and Kumbotso Comprehensive Community Healthcare Clinic (KCCHC). Methodology: A minimum sample size was calculated to be 50 per each group (Rural vs Urban) and 10 was added per each group to allow for attrition or non-response. A simple random sampling was employed to select 60 participants with depression. Patient Health Questionnaire 9(PHQ-9) was used to screen for depression, and was confirmed using Mini International Neuropsychiatric Inventory (MINI-5) among the participants. They were also assessed for social support using the Oslo-3-item Social Support Scale (OSS-3). Results: A higher prevalence of depression was found among urban patients (53.6%) than their rural counterparts (33%). In the urban area, depression was associated with chronic medical illness, a family history of mental illness, lower social support and lower social status. In rural areas, depression was associated with being single; increased frequency of consultation visits, fewer years in formal education and having more than one physical illness. Conclusion: Depression was more prevalent among urban outpatients than their rural counterparts. There is a need to incorporate regular screening of depression in the study areas, most notably among patients who are at high risk (Urban > rural) of depression based on the factors that were identified to be associated with depression in the study.

The study aims to analyze the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and other macroeconomic factors on Pakistan’s sovereign credit ratings from 2014 to 2014. While exchange rate fluctuations are generally considered a key fluctuation are generally considered a key determinant of sovereign risk in emerging markets, their direct impact on credit ratings remains ambiguous. To address this issue, this study employs time-series econometrics methods based on ordinary least squares (OLS) and generalized method of moments (GMM) to account for dynamic relationships and potential endogeneity issues. The empirical analysis has considered a wide range of macroeconomic variables, such as exchange rate variations, exchange rate volatility, inflation, interest rate differentials, GDP growth rate, foreign exchange reserves, and external balance indicators. The empirical findings of the present study reveal that inflation is the most critical and significant determinant of sovereign credit ratings; however, its impact is negative and statistically significant across all model specifications. Moreover, the present study also reveals that the impact of the lagged dependent variable is also statistically significant across all model specifications, indicating the presence of persistence in sovereign credit ratings over time. On the other hand, the impact of exchange rate fluctuations and exchange rate volatility is not statistically significant across all model specifications; therefore, these variables may be having an indirect impact on sovereign credit ratings through other macroeconomic factors. Diagnostic tests of the empirical model of the present study confirm the validity and stability of the model; therefore, the empirical findings of the present study are reliable and valid for drawing conclusions regarding the impact of various macroeconomic factors on sovereign credit ratings for the period of 2014-2024 in the context of Pakistan’s economy. The empirical findings of the present study highlight the relative importance of inflation over exchange rate fluctuations in determining sovereign credit ratings; therefore, the present study is important for policymakers and practitioners as well as for academicians and researchers interested in the subject of sovereign credit ratings and their determination through various macroeconomic factors.

Technological innovation is changing virtually every aspect of business practices and operational procedures. The introduction of large language models and various types of intelligent processing, commonly referred to as artificial intelligence, presents significant change to cope with. In this paper, we suggest an estimation method, based on real options analysis (ROA), that improves the assessment and valuation of intelligent data processing’s impact on organizations. The presented approach can reflect direct and indirect effects from introducing artificial intelligence methods and is therefore better suited than traditional financial metrics for the assessment of contemporary intelligent tools and solutions. Using Monte Carlo simulation and American-style real options, we have estimated two sample use cases to compare the ROA results against other common valuation methods. Numerical experiments indicate that the suggested approach is capable of capturing both the direct and indirect impact of new technologies, which improves relevant financial and management decisions.

With the widespread popularity of Internet technology and mobile devices, user-generated content has become an important source of travel information. At the same time, China's huge group of college students has also formed a huge tourism consumption market. It is of great practical significance to study the impact of user-generated content on their decision-making behavior. Based on the theoretical model of information adoption, this study aims to explore how the quality of user-generated content information affects college students' travel decision-making through the intermediary path of perceived usefulness and perceived credibility. Through the analysis of the intermediary effect of 220 valid questionnaires, the study found that the quality of user-generated content information not only has a direct positive impact on tourism decision-making, but also has an indirect impact through two intermediary paths—the perceived credibility of information sources and the perceived usefulness of information. The direct effect is 0.3232, and the indirect effect reaches 0.1045, accounting for 24.43% of the total effect. The credibility of the information source is more important than the quality of the information itself, which shows that UGC has become an important information channel for college students' travel decision-making. This study extends the information adoption model to the travel decision-making situation, which provides theoretical support for understanding the specific information processing mechanism of college students. It also provides practical guidance for tourism platforms to optimize content quality and build credibility.

This study examined direct and indirect (media-exposed) posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) of the February 6, 2023, earthquakes in southeastern Türkiye as well as the traumatic impact on cognitive functioning. This was assessed by using self-report measures and by a specifically developed Modified Emotional Stroop Task for Earthquake Trauma, a neuropsychological tool adapted for the Turkish population. A total of 83 university students participated, including 41 who directly experienced the earthquakes and 42 who were indirectly exposed. Participants completed the PTSD Checklist for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition and the Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale for Social Media Users and then performed the Modified Emotional Stroop Task for Earthquake Trauma, consisting of earthquake-related and matched-neutral words aligned with the Turkish sociocultural context. The findings of the Modified Emotional Stroop Task for Earthquake Trauma revealed no significant differences in reaction times based on word type, earthquake exposure, or the interaction between these variables. However, participants who were indirectly exposed to the earthquake demonstrated significantly higher accuracy with matched-neutral words. Strikingly, both groups showed similarly high PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition scores. Additionally, among indirectly exposed participants, PTSD Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition and Secondary Traumatic Stress Scale for Social Media Users scores were moderately and positively correlated. These results suggest that indirect exposure to the earthquakes may be as psychologically traumatic as direct exposure. This is not only the first study in Türkiye to focus specifically on the cognitive effects of earthquake exposure, using a neuropsychological tool developed for a specific purpose, but also an important study to reveal how indirect traumatic impact is very similar to the direct trauma effects in terms of the Kahramanmaraş earthquakes. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Healing through play: Theraplay as an integrative therapy for parents and caregivers.

Moral injury events, pain intensity, and functional mobility in post-9/11 U.S. combat veterans.

Impact pathway of climate change on regional dew amount variations in Central Asia

Energy Metabolism in Acute Pancreatitis: Accuracy of the Harris-Benedict Equation vs. Indirect Calorimetry and Impact of Nutritional Support on Post-Discharge Functional Limitation.

The objective of the research – to establish the relationship between the volume of environmental funding and key results in the agro-industrial complex (AIC) and the regional healthcare system. The object of the research is the system of economic and medical-social relationships between environmental investments and key indicators of the AIC and healthcare in Krasnodar region. The empirical base is official statistics from Krasnodar region for 2019-2023. Over the analyzed period, a structural transformation of investment priorities was revealed: a shift from the dominance of water management projects (71.2 %) to a climate and air protection agenda (68.1 %), with the formation of a sustainable two-component financing model. A comprehensive analysis, including correlation and regression methods, revealed statistically significant relationships between the volume and structure of environmental investments and indicators of agricultural and healthcare development, confirming the hypothesis of an indirect impact of environmental investments on the economy of related regional sectors. A detailed study of the problem revealed a nonlinear relationship between environmental investments in period "t" and the volume of agricultural production in period "t + 1". An optimal investment threshold (≈ 9.1 million rubles) was identified; exceeding this threshold leads to reduced returns and the effect of environmental overstrain. A regression analysis was conducted to comprehensively assess the impact of environmental factors on public health. The results allowed us to construct a highly accurate polynomial model (R2 = 0.9627), demonstrating the presence of a threshold effect in the relationship between environmental investments and the general morbidity rate of the population. The practical significance of the study is confirmed by the potential application of the results to optimize budget planning and develop differentiated government support measures for the agro-industrial complex, considering the identified patterns of impact of environmental investments on the economies of related regional sectors.

Cigarette Smoke Extract Alters the Inflammatory Secretome of Osteoarthritis‐Affected Synovium Increasing Joint Tissue Oxidative Stress in an Indirect Co‐Culture Model

Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) is also finding its way into the IT project environment to assist in planning, documentation, analysis and decision-making. Despite the fast spread, empirical evidence is still scarce regarding whether the use of GenAI correlates with better outcomes of projects and in what ways and under what organizational circumstances GenAI is used. This paper examines the impact of GenAI use on project success, mediating factors of Employee-AI Collaboration, and moderating factor of Top Management Support on enhancing the GenAI usage collaboration relationship. The survey design employed was a quantitative, cross-sectional survey and was conducted on 223 IT project professionals in Pakistan. Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) was used to evaluate the measurement and structural models with bootstrapping. The findings show that there is no statistically significant direct impact of GenAI use on project success. Nevertheless, Employee-AI Collaboration is positively and significantly predicted by GenAI usage, and project success is significantly predicted by Employee-AI Collaboration. The indirect impact of GenAI use on the success of the project due to Employee-AI Collaboration is statistically significant and thus this pattern is that of indirect-only (full) mediation in this sample. Moreover, there is a small though statistically significant positive moderating effect of Top Management Support on the GenAI usage - Employee-AI Collaboration relationship, which results in a corresponding positive conditional indirect effect on project success through collaboration. Overall, the findings suggest that GenAI creates project value primarily when embedded in effective human–AI collaborative work practices rather than through tool usage alone. Practically, organizations should focus on enabling collaboration through governance, training, and workflow integration so that GenAI usage is translated into reliable project outcomes. The study contributes to project management literature by clarifying the collaboration-driven pathway linking GenAI adoption to project success and by evidencing the contingent role of Top Management Support in strengthening this pathway.

Purpose This study aims to investigate how and when hindrance and challenge artificial intelligence (AI) awareness interact to shape workplace cheating behavior (WCB) in the hospitality industry by examining the mediating role of self-concern and the moderating role of narcissism. Design/methodology/approach A two-stage survey was conducted on 208 hotel employees. The hypotheses were tested using a hierarchical regression and bias-corrected bootstrapping. Findings The findings reveal that the interaction between hindrance and challenge AI awareness increases employees’ self-concern, which in turn promotes WCB. Furthermore, narcissism weakens the positive effect of the interaction between hindrance and challenge AI awareness on self-concern and its indirect impact on WCB. Practical implications The findings offer insights for hotel managers to curb WCB during AI adoption by strengthening AI-enabled workflow design and HR interventions that reduce employees’ self-protection motives and by tailoring change support for individual differences such as narcissism. Originality/value WCB is a harmful form of unethical conduct that can damage service quality and organizational performance, yet little is known about how emerging technologies such as AI shape it. This study advances the understanding of how AI-induced stressors and personality traits shape unethical behavior and provides practical insights for managing hotel employees during AI adoption.

In this study, the direct impact of Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) management practices on employee job performance, as well as the indirect impact through the mediating role of organisational commitment, was investigated using Structural Equation Modelling (SEM). Due to its high-risk nature, the electrical-electronics industry was selected as the application area; it was emphasised that OHS practices should be viewed not merely as accident-prevention tools, but as strategic management inputs that ensure productivity and operational excellence. Findings from a survey of 397 participants revealed that OHS management processes have a statistically significant effect on employee performance, whereas organisational commitment does not mediate this fundamental relationship. This finding may indicate that OHS practices directly affect job performance, independent of emotional and attitudinal factors such as organisational commitment. This suggests that the primary reason for this result is that employees perceive OHS practices primarily as a legal obligation, which does not directly foster increased emotional commitment.

Abstract Brain tumors are a leading cause of disability and death among children. Brain tumor treatments are often required for cure, but are damaging to brain tissue – particularly white matter, and is related to cognitive impairments for pediatric brain tumor survivors (PBTS). White matter tracts are critical for neural communication and supports cognition, including information processing speed, which underlies higher-order cognitive processes and is mediated by the brain’s default mode (DMN) and executive control (ECN) networks. It is unknown how white matter damage results in compromised information processing speed in PBTS. Thus, we explore the impact of DMN and ECN structural and functional connectivity on cognition during resting state, a visual-motor task, and through computational modeling. Forty-one healthy children and fifty-two PBTS were scanned at The Hospital for Sick Children. Tractography was conducted to examine DMN and ECN structural connectivity. MEG and measures of neural communication was conducted to examine DMN and ECN functional connectivity. Computational models were built using experimentally acquired structural connectomes to simulate functional connectivity. Partial least-squares path modeling was conducted to describe the relationship among white matter organization, neural communication, and information processing speed. Compared to healthy children, PBTS showed: slower information processing speed, DMN and ECN white matter compromise, and resting state DMN and ECN neural communication compromise that generalized to simulated and task-based neural synchrony compromise. Overall, DMN and ECN structural connectivity significantly influenced network neural communication and information processing speed, and white matter compromise had an indirect adverse impact on reaction time via perturbed neural synchrony. Our findings show an important connection between DMN and ECN connectivity that is essential for information processing speed. Further establishing alterations in DMN and ECN structural and functional connectivity as novel biomarkers of cognitive impairments could facilitate early intervention and monitoring of these deficits following brain tumor treatment. Citation Format: Noor Al Dahhan. Mechanisms of Cognitive Impairment in Children Treated for Brain Tumors [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference in Cancer Research: Brain Cancer; 2026 Mar 23-25; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2026;86(6_Suppl):Abstract nr PR006.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to explore the influencing mechanism of digital health literacy on health information protection behavior among older adults, clarify the mediating role of Internet privacy concerns and the moderating role of family support.MethodsConvenience sampling was used to select older adults aged 60 years and above with experience in accessing digital health information as respondents, and data were collected through questionnaires. The Digital Health Literacy Scale, Internet Privacy Concerns Scale, Health Information Protection Behavior Scale, and Family Support Scale were used for measurement. SPSS 27.0 and the Process Macro (Models 4 and 14) were employed to conduct descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and moderated mediating effect tests.ResultsScores of digital health literacy, health information protection behavior, Internet privacy concerns, and family support among older adults all reached moderate to above-moderate levels. All variables showed a significant positive correlation (all p < 0.01). The tests of mediating effect confirmed that Internet privacy concerns played a partial mediating role between digital health literacy and health information protection behavior, accounting for 38.42% of the total effect. Tests of moderating effect showed that family support positively moderated the relationship between Internet privacy concerns and health information protection behavior. Moreover, the mediating effect of Internet privacy concerns gradually strengthened as the level of family support increased.ConclusionThis study confirms that older adults’ digital health literacy not only directly affects their health information protection behavior, but also exerts an indirect impact through Internet privacy concerns. Meanwhile, family support significantly strengthens the positive effect of Internet privacy concerns on this behavior. The “ability-cognition-behavior” multidimensional driving mechanism identified in this study provides empirical evidence for improving the digital health information protection capacity of older adults. Based on this, we can targetedly promote the integration of digital health literacy and privacy protection education, and build a linked support system of family guidance and community services. This helps older adults translate privacy concerns into practical health information protection actions.

ABSTRACT Theoretical benefits attributable to formative assessment of students’ academic achievement are widely recognised. Empirical evidence has, however, shown that this positive relationship is not straightforward, prompting investigations into factors that may influence such a relationship. In the current study, we examine the mediating role of student engagement in the relationship between formative assessment practices and students’ academic achievement in mathematics. The survey sample consisted of 379 tenth-grade students from mainland China. Structural equation modelling revealed that formative assessment practices did not directly impact students’ academic achievement. Rather, the analysis indicated that student engagement mediated formative assessment practices’ indirect and positive impact on academic achievement. The findings suggest that student engagement plays an important mediating role in the relationship between formative assessment practices and students’ academic achievement.