Indicators Of Psychological Health Research Articles

Comparative study of the quality of life of medical workers in Belarus and Japan

Objective. The purpose of the study was to conduct a cross-cultural analysis of the quality of life of medical workers in Belarus and Japan, to assess the similarities and differences, to identify cultural characteristics and factors affecting the quality of life of medical workers of both countries.Materials and methods. The study was conducted in medical organizations in Gomel, Belarus, where 400 respondents (doctors and nurses) were interviewed and in university clinics in Nagasaki (Japan), where 238 medical workers took part in the survey. The survey was conducted using a validated Russian and English versions of the WHO Brief Questionnaire for Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF).Results. The results of the study showed that Japanese medical workers are less satisfied with their ability to work and the ability to perform their duties compared to Belarusian medical workers (31.0 and 34.0% of respondents in Japan and 68.9 and 62.2% of respondents in Belarus, respectively, p < 0.001). About a third of respondents (31.6% in Belarus, 38.0% in Japan) often experience negative emotions (bad mood, anxiety, despair, depression). 79.0% of respondents in Belarus are satisfied with their personal relationships, while in Japan this indicator was 49.3% (p < 0.001). The percentage of dissatisfaction with their sex life is high among Japanese medical workers (71.9% compared to 21.8% of respondents in Belarus, p < 0.001). 56.6% of Japanese medical workers and 77.2% of Belarusian medical workers are satisfied with the support from friends (p < 0.001). Indicators of psychological health and social relations are higher among respondents who are married. The incidence of medical workers in both countries is very high: from 20 to 30% of respondents report the presence of a disease or health problem.Conclusion. Medical workers’ assessment of their quality of life depends largely on the different ways of life in the two countries, the peculiarities of the health care system, the general standard of living of the population, and other factors. However, as the survey showed, statistically these differences in the assessment of the quality of life are insignificant.

Procedure for Identifying Negative Emotional States in Military Personnel

Objective: The development of a paradigm for enhancing the emotional state of service members and a method for identifying their negative states as a result of psychological stresses is of the utmost importance in the context of today’s pressing issues. To that end, the purpose of this study is to develop and subjectively test the effectiveness of a procedure for identifying negative emotional states in service members (cadets from Kazakhstan’s military institutes). Materials and methods: A two-stage procedure is proposed to identify a risk group for negative emotional states. The methodology for identifying negative emotional states is divided into two stages: screening and deep. Results and discussion: It will be discussed how the algorithm performed when tested on a sample of cadets from two military universities in Kazakhstan. According to the results, nearly all the people in the sample studied (approximately 95%) exhibited relatively positive indicators of psychological health, including low levels of depression, aggression, and anxiety. Negative emotional states were present in 5% of the service members. Additional ongoing dynamic assessment and monitoring of the risk group is required. Conclusion: The obtained results provide sufficient evidence to discuss how the proposed algorithm could be used. The research has practical value because it can be used to implement the applied method at training ranges in the contemporary military era. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 22 No. 03 July’23 Page : 573-584

The role of psychological factors in imroving health, activity and longevity

In recent years, many socio-economic and political factors have caused an increased psycho-emotional stress in society. Determining the impact of psychological factors on health and longevity will contribute to the improvement of a person’s subjective well-being and the efficiency of his/her life. The aim of the study is to identify the impact of psychological factors on the quality of life of young higher school teachers. The research was conducted using standardized, reliable and valid psychometric tools. Descriptive statistics and linear regression analysis were used in the course of processing the results. The study established that the young higher school teachers have high indicators of physical (Μ=50.84±0.97) and psychological health (Μ=42.38±1.06). A relationship between quality of life and self-regulation (r=0.886, p≤0.001), assertiveness (r=0.684, p≤0.001), stress resistance (r=0.689, p≤0.001) was found. Regression analysis revealed that self-regulation has the greatest impact on physical (β=1.94±0.18) and psychological health (β=2.06±0.14). The significant role of self-regulation, assertiveness and stress resistance as psychological factors in optimizing health and longevity was established. Teachers with high quality of life are self-confident, determined and persistent, capable of self-control, emotionally resistant to negative influences. The obtained results can be used for the purpose of creating a psychological training programme for the development of self-regulation, assertiveness, and stress resistance.

ПСИХОЛОГІЧНЕ ЗДОРОВ’Я ТА СУБ’ЄКТИВНЕ БЛАГОПОЛУЧЧЯ СТУДЕНТСЬКО-КУРСАНТСЬКОЇ МОЛОДІ В УМОВАХ НЕВИЗНАЧЕНОСТІ

The study is dedicated to identifying the impact of uncertainty stress on the psychological health and subjective well-being of an individual. The concept of “psychological health” is interpreted by the authors as a certain type of well-being, in which a person perceives his life as full of meaning, has enough mental strength and desire for moving forward, personal growth and carries out purposeful activities in accordance with his(her) goals and values. Psychological well-being is considered as a key element of mental and psychological health of a person, as well as a criterion of the life quality. The situation of uncertainty which is becoming more and more inherent in modern society occurs due to the rapid growth of the variety of changes taking place in it. Social instability is reflected in a person’s consciousness and leads to a feeling of uncertainty about the future, fears and anxieties. The situation of uncertainty places increased demands on a person’s activity and can potentially affect his(her) normal functioning, acting as a powerful stressor that negatively affects physical, mental and psychological health. The research hypothesis was put forward that experiencing the stress of uncertainty has a negative effect on the psychological health indicators of the individual and the level of his subjective well-being. An empirical study was conducted with the participation of 316 respondents – students and cadets. Three psychological tests were used: 1. E. Diner’s Satisfaction With Life Scale; 2. Test “Individual model of psychological health” by O.V. Kozlov; 3. USS-10 (10-item Chinese Uncertainty Stress Scale). The results of the conducted empirical research showed the negative impact of the situation of uncertainty on the level of subjective well-being of the individual, as well as such components of his(her) psychological health as goal setting, self-confidence, the desire for intellectual development, orientation towards social interaction, which testifies to the confirmation of the proposed hypothesis. Key words: psychological health, psychological well-being, uncertainty, uncertainty stress, life satisfaction.

Pedagogue’s psychological health as a factor of professional longevity

Introduction. The relevance of studying the problem of pedagogue’s professional longevity is accounted for by the need of the modern educational system in efficient and experienced teachers. Among the factors influencing the duration of professional activity, psychological health and its components are significant. The identified risks of psycho-emotional state, self-regulation of behaviour, self-perception and interpersonal interaction actualise the phenomenon of “professional longevity” and form the basis of psychological health. The purpose of the study is to reveal the correlation between the pedagogue’s psychological health and professional longevity. Research methodology and techniques. The theoretical basis of the research is represented by the ideas and concepts focused on the psychological component of general health as well as the notions of psychological health and factors influencing it. To investigate the relationship between psychological health and professional longevity, a group of testees was formed according to age category, with regard for their pedagogical experience. A total of 200 teachers from general educational organisations of Voronezh Region (Russian Federation) took part in the empirical survey. The selected techniques included: Psychological health diagnostics after A.V. Kozlova; “Self-regulation behaviour style”; research of self-esteem according to S.R. Pantileev. Spearman’s rank correlation method was used for statistical processing of the results. Results. The survey results analysis revealed the impact of psychological health indicators on the length of pedagogical activity. The interrelation between the pedagogues’ general self-regulation level and psychological health has been confirmed; in addition, some of self-attitude characteristics correlate with the indicators of psychological health (p < 0,05). A high level of psychological health was revealed in 36% of the pedagogues having 10 to 25 years of professional experience. The low level of psychological health was recorded in pedagogues with longer service record (over 35 years). It was revealed that pedagogues with 10 to 25 years of experience paid much attention to the strategic, pro-social, creative and intellectual “vectors”. The overall level of self-regulation is the highest (over 70%) in the pedagogues with 10 to 25 and 25 to 35 years of experience. Conclusion. The level of identified psychological health characteristics is determined by pedagogical experience. This consideration should be taken into account, when working with older-age pedagogues, by creating due conditions for maintaining a properly high level of psychological health. Keywords: pegagogical profession, teaching experience, pedagogue’s professional longevity, psychological health, self-attitude, self-regulation, professionalism, modern education

Resilience fully mediated in the link between risk of smartphone addiction and life satisfaction among college students

ABSTRACT Objective: Life satisfaction is one of the most important indicators of psychological health for college students. Therefore, investigating the factors that influence the level of life satisfaction of college students can help develop intervention programs to improve student life satisfaction. This study investigates the mediating effect of resilience in the link between risk of smartphone addiction (RSA) and life satisfaction among college students. Method: A cross-sectional study design was used. Four hundred twenty-three Vietnamese university students (Mage = 18.78, SD = 0.925) completed The Smartphone addiction scale – Short version (SAS –SV), The Connor – Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC-10) and The Life satisfaction scale (SWLS). The SPSS 20 and PROCESS 3.5 (Model 4) were used to test the hypotheses. Results: The results indicated that RSA did not predict life satisfaction among Vietnamese students (B = −0.052, SE = 0.035, p > 0.05, 95% CI = [−0.120, 0.017]). More importantly, resilience fully mediated the link between RSA and life satisfaction (B = −0.020, SE = 0.010, 95% CI = [−0.041, −0.004]). Discussion: The findings of this study not only contribute to expanding the mechanism of the association between RSA and life satisfaction, but also provide a theoretical basis for interventions to improve life satisfaction for students.

A qualitative exploration of perceived barriers and facilitators to following an intuitive eating style

BackgroundIntuitive eating involves following internal cues of hunger and satiety to guide eating choices as opposed to responding to external signals, strong emotions, or dietary rules. This style of eating has consistently been shown to be related to better physical and psychological health indicators, and more interventions are being designed and studied to promote this eating style. The current study aimed to identify anticipated facilitators and barriers to following this style of eating among a group of college students enrolled in a larger study of intuitive eating. MethodFollowing a week of tracking their current eating as part of a larger study, college students read a description of intuitive eating. They then answered three open-ended questions about following intuitive eating including facilitators, barriers, and perceived ability to follow long term. Responses were coded using thematic analysis to identify themes across responses. ResultsAmong 100 participants, 86 % were female, 46 % were Hispanic (41 % non-Hispanic White, 13 % other race/ethnicity), mean age was 24.3 years, and mean body mass index was 26.2. The most commonly anticipated participant-reported facilitators of intuitive eating were being in touch with the body's needs and hunger cues, positive perceptions of intuitive eating, and health considerations. The most commonly anticipated barriers were logistical constraints (e.g., busyness and mealtimes), difficulty with hunger cues and reactions to food, and negative perceptions of intuitive eating. The majority of participants (64 %) would consider following this style of eating long term. DiscussionThis study provides information that can be used to improve efforts aimed at promoting intuitive eating to college students, including marketing intuitive eating interventions, and clarifying misunderstandings of its key tenets that might serve as barriers.

Asthenic syndrome in the convalescents of ixodid tick-borne borrelioses

Aim to study the catamnesis of patients with ixodid tick-borne borreliosis in the period of convalescence who presented the signs of asthenic syndrome.
 Material and methods. The study was based on the data of prospective dispensary observation of 37 in-patients diagnosed with "ixodid tick-borne borreliosis, erythemic form, moderate severity, acute course" who received treatment at the Clinic of Infectious Diseases of the SamSMU in 2016-2019. The subjects were divided into 3 groups according to their age: the first age-group from 18 to 35 years included 12 people, the second group ranged from 36 to 55 years and included 15 people, the third age-group from 56 to 75 years consisted of 10 people. The examination of patients was carried out after discharge from the hospital on the 14th day, after 3, 12 and 36 months. The MFI-20 asthenia scale (the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory) was used to analyze the asthenic syndrome in the participants.
 Results. The duration of asthenia after ixodid tick-borne borreliosis may be up to 3 years. Patients require the closest observation in the first 2 weeks of the convalescence period. Indicators of physical and psychological health in convalescents return to the norm depending on their age and place of residence. Mental asthenia prevails in people living in rural areas and persists much longer than in urban residents. Older people (from 56 to 75 years) are more susceptible to general and physical asthenia.

Environmental Identity, Connectedness with Nature, and Well-Being as Predictors of Pro-Environmental Behavior, and Their Comparison between Inhabitants of Rural and Urban Areas

The study of factors that predict pro-environmental behavior is interesting, given the need to develop sustainable actions in urban and rural contexts. The available scientific evidence shows knowledge gaps and opportunities about the role that environmental identity, connectedness with nature, and well-being play in pro-environmental behavior. To provide evidence in this regard, this research aimed to describe and identify possible significant differences between these variables to establish whether they predict pro-environmental behavior, considering the rural-urban provenance. The methodology was cross-sectional, with descriptive and correlational analysis. The sample was 1705 people (M age = 31.36 years, 57.4% female) belonging to two departments in southern Colombia (66.7% from the rural sector), and questionnaires were applied to collect the information. The results show that people of rural origin showed higher levels of environmental identity with significant differences (p-value > 0.01) compared to the urban sample. The indicators of psychological health, connectedness with nature, and identity better explain the levels of pro-environmental behavior of the urban population (R = 0.81, p-value < 0.01) compared to the rural population (R = 0.64, p-value < 0.01). This study concludes that the variables predict pro-environmental behavior, providing better explanatory evidence in urban than rural inhabitants. The limitations and new study prospects in the area are discussed.

The role of resilience in the relationship between role stress and psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundStress resistance resources, such as social support and resilience, have been found to be important in promoting psychological well-being during the COVID-19 pandemic. However, most prior research studies have conceptualized stress resistance resource variables as having a mediating or moderating role. Cooper (2018) proposed a model of the relationship between stress and health which posits that coping resources are always present and not only invoked in the face of adversity. Thus, we hypothesize that coping resources are causally antecedent to stressors and influence well-being indirectly via the stressor. We focused specifically on school teachers due to them being at the frontlines of service provision during the pandemic. Teaching was already identified as a highly stressful profession prior to COVID-19 and disease containment measures placed additional strain on teachers who had to adapt to emergency remote teaching.AimThe current study tests this hypothesis by examining the indirect effects of resilience on indices of psychological health via role stress.MethodsParticipants (N = 355) were teachers who completed the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale-10, the Role Stress Scale, the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory-Trait Scale, and the Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression Scale. An electronic version of the questionnaires was distributed to teachers via Facebook and to officials from the Department of Education, who assisted with distribution of the electronic link to the survey. Participants were mostly women (76.6%) and mean number of years in the teaching profession was 15.7.ResultsStructural equation modelling results demonstrated significant direct effects of resilience on life satisfaction, anxiety, and depression, which indicates that resilience is beneficial for psychological health even in the absence of stress. Resilience also had a significant indirect effect on indices of psychological well-being via role ambiguity but not role conflict.ConclusionThese findings have theoretical implications for the understanding of the role of resilience in promoting psychological health among educators. Practical implications include an empirical contribution to education policy and information that can inform interventions aimed to promote resilience among educators.

Computing a psychological health risk assessment model for road traffic noise

IntroductionPhysical air pollutants comprising noise, temperature, and humidity are among health risk factors that influence human well-being. No study has been carried out on how the three physical pollutants affect the psychological health. Therefore, the objectives of this research are to assess road traffic noise, temperature, and relative humidity in association with psychological health. Final objective is to propose a formula capable of computing psychological health index using the three above-mentioned risk factors. MethodsAt the chosen sample points throughout Baharan Town situated in the city of Sanandaj in Iran, data of four independent variables encompassing age of the residents, traffic noise, ambient temperature, and ambient relative humidity were collected from January to November 2021. Simultaneously, the 12-item General Health Questionnaires (GHQ-12) were distributed between residents of Baharan Town to figure out their psychological health index. Age and gender was already added to GHQ-12 as two questions. Finally, a model was formulated for general health by means of multiple linear regression analysis in the SPSS software. ResultsThe results reveal that age of the residents does not have a significant relationship with psychological health index. Hence, the final multiple regression model for psychological health index depends upon three predictor factors including traffic noise, ambient temperature, and ambient relative humidity with 0.521 as its coefficient of determination (R Square). After verifying the final model, it was witnessed that computed psychological health index data were in agreement with measured data. In the end, a conceptual model is proposed that implies if no observed noise levels are available, then a road traffic noise model and its output i.e. estimated LAeq values are applied as traffic noise (input) in the aforementioned health risk assessment model. ConclusionsThe three above-mentioned predictors explain 52.1% of variance of the dependent variable i.e. psychological health index. Namely, the model's error equals 0.479. Given the amount of error that this formula generates, it is recommended new predictors such as financial conditions of the residents, ambient particulate matter (PM2.5 and PM10), ambient chemical air pollutants (SO2, CO, NO2, etc.), and other sources of environmental noise pollution (industrial noise, community noise, aircraft noise, railway noise, and harbor noise) to be used to explain more amount of variance of the dependent variable i.e. psychological health index, and therefore less error to be produced.

Validating the German Short Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale in Individuals with Depression.

Satisfaction and frustration of the needs for autonomy, competence, and relatedness, as assessed with the 24-item Basic Psychological Need Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (BPNSFS), have been found to be crucial indicators of individuals' psychological health. To increase the usability of this scale within a clinical and health services research context, we aimed to validate a German short version (12 items) of this scale in individuals with depression including the examination of the relations from need frustration and need satisfaction to ill-being and quality of life (QOL). This cross-sectional study involved 344 adults diagnosed with depression (Mage (SD) = 47.5 years (11.1); 71.8% females). Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that the short version of the BPNSFS was not only reliable, but also fitted a six-factor structure (i.e., satisfaction/frustration X type of need). Subsequent structural equation modeling showed that need frustration related positively to indicators of ill-being and negatively to QOL. Surprisingly, need satisfaction did not predict differences in ill-being or QOL. The short form of the BPNSFS represents a practical instrument to measure need satisfaction and frustration in people with depression. Further, the results support recent evidence on the importance of especially need frustration in the prediction of psychopathology.

Gender differences in dry eye disease symptoms associated with psychological health indicators among adults using mobile mental health apps.

We aimed to investigate the association between dry eye disease (DED) symptoms and mental health among Korean adults in the community. A cross-sectional study analyzed the data of 152 participants using mobile-phone applications for recording mental health. We defined individuals with DED symptoms as those who experienced a sense of irritation or dryness of the eye (either constantly or often). Mental health (perceived stress, depression, and anxiety) was assessed using the Perceived Stress Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and General Anxiety Disorder-7, in this order. Multiple logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine the association between DED symptoms and mental health. We also adjusted for possible covariates. We investigated sex differences in mental health status in relation to DED. We found that 41.4% of the participants (48.4% female and 30.5% male) showed DED symptoms, and its prevalence was higher in female than in male. The average perceived stress and anxiety symptoms in the female with DED (24.69±4.73 and 6.56±5.09, respectively) were significantly higher than those without DED (21.38±4.68 and 4.54±4.03) (p = 0.020 and 0.038, respectively). Even after adjusting for possible covariates, female who had DED showed higher risks of perceived stress (OR = 1.28), depression (OR = 2.64), and anxiety (OR = 5.81). Clinicians and nurses should therefore be aware of the possibility of mental health problems among female with DED.

Quality of life of patients with paraurethral cysts

Background. Paraurethral cyst (PC) is often found in women aged 20–60 years. The prevalence of PC in the female population is 1–6 %. Since PC are often located in the distal urethra and lie close to the genitals of a woman, the symptoms associated with this disease cause women both physical and psychological suffering.Aim. To assess the quality of life of women with PC.Materials and methods. The study included female individuals (n = 106) aged 18–60 years, in whom PC were detected during examination of the perineal region. The quality of life of the patients was assessed on the basis of the health quality questionnaire – SF-36.Results. The average volume of the PC in the observed women was 3.2 ± 1.3 cm. In the observed women, the intensity of pain in the perineum was directly proportional to the duration of the disease: up to a year – 86.3 ± 4.1; from one to three years – 76.4 ± 8.3; more than three years – 64.4 ± 9.2 (p <0.05). In this regard, in this category of patients, indicators of physical activity, psychological health and role functioning due to emotional state were reduced. Repeatedor constant pain during urination and during sexual activity causes severe distress, which affects the quality of life of patients with cystic formations in the paraurethral region.Conclusion. In women with PC on the background of dyspareunia up to 3 years and more, physical and psychological aspects of health suffer.

Professores na pandemia: fatores e condições associados à Síndrome de Burnout

Abstract This article analyzes the Burnout Syndrome indicators in teaching activities during the pandemic to identify factors and conditions that can be associated with its dimensions. The study conducted with 438 Brazilian teachers used convergent mixed methods. We collected data through online questionnaires and the adaptation of a standardized instrument to assess Burnout Syndrome. Among the main results, we found that factors such as gender, age, level of performance, and digital competence can be associated with indicators of psychological distress, life quality, and health.

Early-pregnancy psychological health indices and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in later gestation

Early-pregnancy psychological health indices and the incidence of nausea and vomiting in later gestation

Comparing Active and Inactive Former Experienced Athletes Regarding Physical and Mental Health Indices

Background: Psychophysiological health status impairs during old age, and exercise is one of the factors that has a significant impact on the mental and physical health of the elderly. However, the impact of exercise on these indicators as well as the effects of exercise continuation or cessation have not been clearly identified. Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of doing regular exercise and cessation of exercise on physical and mental health indicators of the old people. Methods: A total of 395 old individuals with a history of at least five years of regular exercise who had either stopped exercising for two years or been engaged in regular exercise volunteered to participate in this study. Two questionnaires including Beck Depression Inventory questionnaire (by Aaron Beck) and McGill Pain Questionnaire were used to measure the depression and the pain perception, respectively. Cardiorespiratory fitness, body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR), and balance were measured using relevant tests. T-test and Pearson correlation coefficient test were used to analyze the data. Results: The results showed that the indicators of physical health (i.e., cardiovascular fitness, disability, muscle pain, BMI, and WHR) in active old individuals were significantly different from those in inactive old ones; however, blood pressure and balance indicators were not different in active and inactive old individuals. Furthermore, psychological health indicators (i.e., life expectancy and depression) were significantly higher in active old individuals than inactive ones. Conclusions: In sum, continuation of physical activities during old age was found necessary to maintain some health indices. It was also found that the effects of previous physical activities on some health indices were not permanent.

Measuring self-as-context in Chinese college students: Validity and reliability of the Chinese version of self-as-context scale (C-SACS).

To examine the validity and reliability of the Chinese version of the Self-as-Context Scale (SACS) in college students. We used convenience sampling to recruit 708 Chinese college students. All participants completed the SACS and 343 of them were asked to complete the validation questionnaires (Satisfaction with Life Scale, Peace of Mind Scale, Acceptance and Action Questionnaire-II, Mindful Attention Awareness Scale, Cognitive Fusion Questionnaire-Fusion, and Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-21) at the same time. We conducted items analysis, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), measurement invariance test, correlation analysis, regression analysis, and internal consistency reliability analysis. After 3 weeks, 217 participants filled out the SACS again to assess the test-retest reliability. The exploratory factor analysis showed that the SACS consisted of two factors (Centering and Transcending), with a total of 9 items. The confirmatory factor analysis demonstrated that the two-factor structure fit well (χ 2 = 55.40, df = 22, CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.963, RMSEA = 0.065, SRMR = 0.032). According to the results of the measurement invariance tests, configural invariance, metric invariance, scalar invariance, and strict invariance of the 2-factor model, the C-SACS scores were comparable across genders. Additionally, the C-SACS total score and its subscale scores were significantly positively correlated with positive indicators of mental health (life satisfaction, affective well-being), significantly negatively correlated with negative emotions (depression, anxiety, stress), significantly negatively correlated with experiential avoidance and cognitive fusion (except for the Transcending factor), and significantly positively correlated with mindful attention and awareness. Regression analysis results revealed that the C-SACS surpasses the incremental effectiveness of AAQ-II and CFQ-F in predicting different psychological health indicators. The Cronbach's α coefficients of the C-SACS and two subscales were 0.88 [0.71, 0.90], 0.80 [0.87, 0.90] and 0.85 [0.83, 0.88] and McDonald's ω = 0.88 [0.87, 0.90], ω = 0.80 [0.78, 0.83], ω = 0.85[0.83, 0.88]. The test-retest reliability (ICC) was 0.73 and 0.72, respectively. The results of our study suggest that the Chinese version of SACS has good reliability and validity in Chinese college students.

The First Wave of the COVID-19 Pandemic Strengthened the "Strong" and Weakened the "Weak" Ones.

The aim of this study was to explore how the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which contact communication was severely restricted, changed psychological health indicators, such as subjective assessment of health and depression, impulsivity, stress and emotional intelligence (EI) and how that depended on age, gender, physical activity (PA), sports specificity and body mass index (BMI).We surveyed 6369 before and 2392 people during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were aged 18-74 years. Participants completed the Danish Physical Activity Questionnaire (DPAQ), the 10-item Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10), the Schutte Self-Report Emotional Intelligence Test (SSREIT), Barratt Impulsiveness Scale Version 11 (BIS-11), subjective depression and health self-assessments. One-way and two-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) were performed to assess the effect of independent variables on the dependent variables of MVPA (METs). Statistical analysis showed that restrictions during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic did not alter moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA), except for a significant decrease in MVPA in women aged 18-25 years, or body mass index in women and men of different ages. An increase in depression and impulsivity was observed, especially an increase in unplanned or spontaneous activity. The restrictions during the first wave increased stress in women of all ages and, rather unexpectedly, improved health self-assessment in men.The study showed that the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic affected people's subjective assessment of health, depression, stress and impulsivity in two ways: it "weakened the weak ones" and "strengthened the strong ones".

Effect of a modified motivational interviewing intervention on university students' psychological, cognitive, and nutritional health: A randomized controlled trial.

Motivational interviewing is a set of interviewing techniques that are employed to promote behavioral change. However, motivational interviewing is a costly intervention that requires training, and its effectiveness relies greatly on the skills and training of specialists. To overcome these limitations, this study developed and implemented a modified version of motivational interviewing. This study was conducted to investigate the effect of a modified motivational interviewing (MMI) intervention on university students' psychological, cognitive, and nutritional health indicators. This randomized controlled trial study was conducted using an experimental, repeated-measures, two-group design. The authors developed a modified version of motivational interviewing, and its effect was investigated among university students. The final sample size in this study was 94 university students (intervention = 48 and control = 46). Psychological, cognitive, and nutritional health indicators were measured at baseline and 1monthpostrandomizationand 3months postrandomization. Repeated-measures multivariate analysis of variance was used to analyze the data. The results of the multivariate analysis revealed a significant effect of the MMI intervention on the linear combination of the dependent variables: Pillai's trace = 0.28, F (9, 84) = 3.59, p = .001. The univariate analysis showed that the effect of the MMI intervention was significant on four dependent variables (namely, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, perceived stress, and mindfulness). The MMI intervention improved university students' perceived stress, uncontrolled eating, emotional eating, and mindfulness. Further research should be conducted to validate the results reported in this article.