Increased Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Research Articles

Evaluation of Lesions with Increased Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in the Stomach and Colon Incidental Detected by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

Evaluation of Lesions with Increased Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in the Stomach and Colon Incidental Detected by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

Evaluation of Lesions with Increased Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in the Stomach and Colon Incidental Detected by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

Evaluation of Lesions with Increased Fluorine-18 Fluorodeoxyglucose Uptake in the Stomach and Colon Incidental Detected by Positron Emission Tomography/Computed Tomography

Extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Extracavitary primary effusion lymphoma associated with hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis.

Uterine Epithelioid Angiosarcoma on F-18 FDG PET/CT.

Uterine epithelioid angiosarcoma can have conventional imaging characteristics similar to those of other uterine tumors, such as leiomyoma, leiomyosarcomas or hemangioendothelioma. Uterine epithelioid angiosarcoma exhibiting increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (F-18 FDG) activity can be misdiagnosed. A 61-year-old woman who was diagnosed with uterine epithelioid angiosarcoma underwent F-18 FDG positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) as a part of the pretreatment work up for surgery. F-18 FDG PET/CT showed an intense F-18 FDG uptake in the uterus in addition to increased F-18 FDG uptake at the paraaortic and aortocaval lymph nodes. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of intense F-18 FDG uptake in uterine epithelioid angiosarcoma in Korea.

FDG Uptake in Lipomatous Hypertrophy of the Interatrial Septum Is Not Likely Related to Brown Adipose Tissue

Lipomatous hypertrophy of the interatrial septum (LHIS) may be associated with arrhythmias or sudden death. Increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in LHIS is occasionally found on positron emission tomography, and has been attributed to metabolically active brown adipose tissue (BAT) contained within LHIS. We report a case of a patient suggesting that neither of the 2 currently known mechanisms of glucose uptake by BAT is responsible for FDG uptake in LHIS, unless a mechanism of BAT activation exists that has not been previously described. This study also suggests that FDG uptake is unlikely to be due to cardiomyocytes contained within LHIS. Inflammation is a potential mechanism, although further investigation is needed.

Increased F-18 FDG Uptake in the Right Auricle of a Displaced Heart: Potential Cause of a False-Positive Pathologic Mediastinal Node

A positron emission tomography (PET) imaging study was performed in a patient with a history of lung cancer. The scan demonstrated increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in the right auricle of a displaced heart.This same finding was also present on a prior PET study performed at an outside facility at which time it was erroneously interpreted to represent a pathologic mediastinal lymph node. This normal variant, particularly in patients with distorted anatomy, should be kept in mind to avoid a false-positive interpretation and to prevent unnecessary additional diagnostic workup or intervention.

Rapid normalization of osseous FDG uptake following traumatic or surgical fractures.

It is known that following a traumatic fracture or surgical intervention, bone scintigraphy reveals positive results for an extended period of time, posing a challenge when evaluating patients for possible malignancy or superimposed osteomyelitis. Previous reports indicate that acute fractures can also result in increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) accumulation and therefore cause difficulties when patients are evaluated for other indications by FDG-PET. The purpose of this study was to assess the pattern and time course of abnormal FDG uptake following traumatic or surgical fracture. A total of 1,517 consecutive patients who underwent whole-body FDG-PET imaging were retrospectively studied. A history of fractures or orthopedic intervention was obtained from an interview prior to scanning. The FDG-PET results were compared with the results of other imaging studies, including bone scans, radiographs, CT, and MRI, as well as surgical pathology reports. Thirty-seven patients with a known date of traumatic or surgical fracture were identified. Among these, 14 had fractures or surgery within 3 months prior to FDG-PET, while 23 had fractures or surgical intervention greater than 3 months prior to FDG-PET. FDG-PET showed no abnormally increased uptake at the known fracture or surgical sites in 30 of these patients. Notably, in the 23 patients with fractures more than 3 months old, all but one showed no abnormally increased uptake. Furthermore, the positive FDG uptake in this exception was a result of complicating osteomyelitis. In the 14 patients with a history of fracture less than 3 months old, only six had abnormally increased FDG uptake. Following traumatic or surgical fractures, FDG uptake is expected to be normal within 3 months unless the process is complicated by infection or malignancy.

18F-FDG positron emission tomography in the early diagnosis of enterocolitis: preliminary results

Collagenous and eosinophilic colitis are rare diseases characterised by chronic watery diarrhoea. Radiographic evaluation of the gastrointestinal tract and colonoscopy are usually non-diagnostic since as many as one-third of patients will have minor abnormalities. To date a few investigators have reported increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)F-FDG) uptake on positron emission tomography (PET) in patients with acute enterocolitis, but there have been no reports on the use of (18)F-FDG PET for the diagnosis of collagenous or eosinophilic colitis in an early clinical stage. The aim of this preliminary study was to evaluate the usefulness of (18)F-FDG PET in the early diagnosis of patients with colitis. We investigated five women (mean age 61.2+/-12.1 years) who had been diagnosed as having colitis in an early clinical stage. In all but one of the patients, the diagnosis of colitis was based on biopsy. Magnetic resonance colonography, ultrasonography and colonoscopy were performed in all but one of the patients. Two women were identified as having collagenous colitis in an early clinical stage. Another two patients had eosinophilic colitis. The morphological imaging methods, magnetic resonance colonography and ultrasonography, yielded no suspicious findings, and the results of colonoscopy similarly showed no abnormalities. One patient had colitis due to bacterial infection. In all patients (18)F-FDG PET showed a pathological increase in tracer uptake in the large bowel, suggestive of colitis. In four of the five patients, colitis was confirmed by histology, and in one, by bacterial analysis. (18)F-FDG PET was able to detect colitis in an early clinical stage, when morphological imaging methods and colonoscopy were non-diagnostic. The early performance of (18)F-FDG PET imaging in patients with possible colitis is encouraging.

Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography in the staging and follow-up of lymphoma: is it time to shift gears?

Positron emission tomography (PET) imaging has become a very useful technique for staging and monitoring therapy response in lymphoma, providing unique information about the biological behavior of disease. Increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) uptake in lymphoma is based on elevated glycolysis and longer residence time of FDG in malignant cells compared with most normal tissues. The metabolic information provided by this technique suggests that FDG-PET may be more sensitive than the anatomical imaging modalities. Computed tomography (CT) is the principal imaging modality for the staging and restaging of lymphoma. Nonetheless, this technique has significant shortcomings, particularly in the post-therapy setting. Gallium-67 scintigraphy has played an important role in monitoring response to therapy and follow-up of patients; however, the sensitivity of 67Ga depends on the subtype of lymphoma and the size and location of disease. Published results strongly indicate that FDG-PET is superior to 67Ga imaging and may be equal or superior to CT for the detection of nodal as well as extranodal involvement in lymphoma.

Positron Emission Tomography in Lymphoma: Comparison with Computed Tomography and Gallium-67 Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography

With the advent of positron emission tomography (PET), metabolic imaging has become a reality for tumor staging and monitoring response to therapy in lymphoma. Increased Fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]FDG) uptake in lymphomas has been well documented in the literature; it is based upon elevated glycolysis and longer residence time of FDG in malignant cells compared to most normal tissues. This suggests that in tumor staging, FDG-PET may be more sensitive and specific than the anatomic imaging modalities. Computed tomography (CT) is the standard imaging modality for the staging and restaging of lymphoma, and Gallium-67 (67Ga) scintigraphy has played an important role in monitoring response to therapy and follow-up of patients. Published results suggest that FDG-PET is superior to 67Ga imaging and may be equal or superior to CT for the detection of nodal as well as extranodal involvement in lymphoma.

Fluorine-18 FDG positron emission tomography for imaging of hepatocellular carcinoma

OBJECTIVE: The detection of increased fluorine-18 fluorodeoxyglucose ( 18F-FDG) uptake by positron emission tomography (PET) is based on the enhanced glucose metabolism of tumor cells. Because the detection and staging of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with liver cirrhosis can be difficult, we prospectively evaluated the sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET in 14 consecutive patients with HCC. METHODS: Whole body and regional 18F-FDG PET of the liver were obtained. The results were compared with ultrasonography, contrast-enhanced, helical CT, histological grading, p53 protein expression of HCC, and serum α-fetoprotein (AFP) level. RESULTS: In 7 patients PET demonstrated increased tumor 18F-FDG uptake, whereas HCC was not distinguishable from nonmalignant liver tissue in 7 other patients. Hepatic lesions were detected by ultrasonography in all patients, whereas only 11 of 14 HCCs could be identified by CT. In 3 patients extrahepatic spread was demonstrated by 18F-FDG PET. Patients with increased tumor 18F-FDG uptake had significantly larger hepatic lesions and higher serum AFP levels than those with normal 18F-FDG uptake. Lesions could be visualized by 18F-FDG PET in 7 of 8 patients with moderately or poorly differentiated HCC, whereas none of the six well-differentiated tumors was detected. Two patients with strong p53 expression demonstrated increased tumor 18F-FDG uptake and extrahepatic metastases. CONCLUSIONS: The sensitivity of 18F-FDG PET for the imaging of HCC is low. Nevertheless, in patients with moderately or poorly differentiated HCC, tumors >5 cm, or with markedly elevated AFP levels 18F-FDG PET may contribute to an effective noninvasive staging.