Incorporation Of TiO2 Nanoparticles Research Articles

Structural Characterization, Thermal Stability and Non-Isothermal Kinetic Analysis of Decomposition of Poly(methylmethacrylate) and Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites

In this study poly(methylmethacrylate) (PMMA) and the corresponding nanocomposites loaded with titanium dioxide (TiO2) films were prepared by a solution casting method. All materials were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The thermal properties were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. The results showed that the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles in PMMA decreased the thermal stability of the polymer. Moreover, the kinetic study of the thermal degradation showed that the apparent activation energies of the nanocomposites PMMA/TiO2 were lower compared to the pure PMMA, confirming the catalytic effect of TiO2 nanoparticles on the PMMA thermal decomposition. Furthermore, g(α), which is the integral form of the reaction mechanism function, showed that the degradation mechanism of the PMMA nanocomposites was strongly dependent on the TiO2 amount introduced into their matrices. Finally, the degradation mechanism of the pure PMMA obeyed the R3 model corresponding to a phase boundary reaction (n = 3), whereas in the case of the PMMA/TiO2 nanocomposites, they obeyed the R2 model, corresponding to a phase boundary reaction (n = 2), for PMMA/TiO2 (3%) and an A1.5 model, corresponding to an Avrami-Erofeev correlation (m = 1.5), was obtained for the remaining nanocomposites PMMA/TiO2 (5, 7 and 10%).

Green Nanoparticle-Aided Biosorption of Nickel Ions Using Four Dry Residual Biomasses: A Comparative Study

The green synthesis of titanium dioxide nanoparticles was performed using the sol-gel method for their use in the modification of several agricultural biomasses (orange, lemon, cassava and yam peels) to evaluate the enhancement of adsorption capacity. To this end, different particle sizes (0.355, 0.5 and 1.0 mm) and initial solution pHs (2, 4 and 6) were assessed to identify the optimum conditions for further experimentation with the selected lignocellulosic materials. The defined conditions reporting the highest removal yields were used to perform adsorption experiments for chemically modified biosorbents. The biomaterials were characterized via elemental and bromatological analysis in order to quantify their composition. After the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles, the resulting biosorbents were characterized via FT-IR and SEM techniques. The results revealed that the pH solution significantly affects the nickel ion uptake, reaching the best performance at pH = 6 for all biomasses. Unmodified biomasses shown adsorption capacities between 18–20 mg/g. For chemically modified with TiO2 orange peels and yam peels biomass, the increase in adsorption capacities was 21.3 and 18.01 mg/g, respectively. For cassava and lemon peels chemically modified, it was found the increasing in adsorption capacities with values of 21.3 and 18.01 mg/g, respectively, which suggested that the incorporation of nanoparticles enhances adsorption capacities.

Incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles to enhance corrosion resistance, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial properties of PEO ceramic coatings on titanium

This study aimed to investigate the influence of incorporating different concentrations (1, 3, and 5 g/l) of anatase-TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on morphology, roughness, wettability, corrosion resistance, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial activity of porous coatings produced by plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) process on pure titanium. Microstructural studies evidenced the successful incorporation of TiO2 NPs in the coatings. Increasing the concentration of TiO2 NPs from 1 to 5 g/l led to reduced porosity and increased wettability, with no significant change in the surface roughness. The results of the electrochemical tests after 7 days of exposure to simulated body fluid (SBF) indicated that the highest corrosion resistance (2.292 MΩ cm2) was obtained by the addition of 3 g/l TiO2 NPs. The cytocompatibility test after 3 days of cell culture showed that lower concentrations of TiO2 NPs, i.e., 1 and 3 g/l, provided the optimum conditions for adhering and flattening of MG63 cell on coatings surface. The antibacterial tests revealed that the more the TiO2 NPs concentration was, the less bacterial adhesion and therefore, the better the antibacterial properties against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) bacteria were achieved. The addition of 5 g/l TiO2 NPs into the electrolyte provided the antibacterial rate of 94.47% for the coating. The incorporation of TiO2 NPs positively affects physico-chemical properties, cytocompatibility, and antibacterial behavior of pure titanium coated by PEO method.

Synthesis and Characterization of Titanium Oxide Nanoparticles with a Novel Biogenic Process for Dental Application.

The prevalence of dental caries has been largely consonant over time despite the enhancement in dental technologies. This study aims to produce novel GIC restorative material by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles synthesized by Bacillus subtilis for the treatment of dental caries. The TiO2 nanoparticles were prepared by inoculating a fresh culture of Bacillus subtilis into a nutrient broth for 24 h, which was then characterized by XRD, DRS, FTIR, AFM, SEM, TEM and EDX. These TiO2 nanoparticles were incorporated in GIC restorative material at different concentrations (0–10% TiO2 -GIC) and were tested for their mechanical properties in a universal testing machine. The XRD analysis revealed synthesis of anatase and rutile-phased TiO2 nanoparticles with a particle size of 70.17 nm that was further confirmed by SEM and TEM analysis. The EDX spectrum indicated prominent peaks of titanium and oxygen with no impurities in the prepared material. Treatment with 5% TiO2 -GIC proved to be most effective for the treatment of dental caries with no observable cytotoxic effect. An increase in the compressive strength of TiO2 nanoparticle-reinforced GIC was observed as the concentration of the TiO2 nanoparticles was increased up to 5%; subsequently, the compressive strength was lowered. An increase in the flexural strength was observed in GIC containing 0%, 3% and 5% TiO2 nanoparticles sequentially. Based on the results, it can be concluded that Bacillus subtilis-derived TiO2 nanoparticles have excellent potential for developing next generation of restorative materials for dental issues.

Evaluation of Microleakage and Biocompatibility of Universal Adhesive Containing Titanium Dioxide Nanoparticles: A Comparative In Vitro Study

Background & Objective: Although dental composites have undergone a high level of development in recent years, there are still difficulties including microleakage. The incorporation of nanoparticles (NPs) in dental materials can produce antibacterial effects, but the effect of TiO2 NPs on microleakage has not yet been investigated. The present study aimed to determine the effect of TiO2 NPs incorporation in the universal single bond and pretreatment with them on microleakage of clV cavities using both total-etch and self-etch approaches. Materials & Methods: Standard clV cavities were prepared on the buccal surfaces of the sixty non-carious human molar teeth. The restoration of samples was carried out with 6 different methods and randomly divided into six groups of ten subjects. Microleakage in both gingival and occlusal margins was determined after placement in 2% basic fuschin solution for 24h. Biocompatibility of a universal single bond was evaluated by MTT assay. Results: In both occlusal and gingival margins in all groups, the application of TiO2 NPs was better than no application. We observed the relatively low cytotoxic effect of TiO2 NPs incorporated in the universal adhesive on NIH-3T3 cell viability. Conclusion: Regarding the limitations of the present investigation, using TiO2 NPs with both total-etch and self-etch approaches to universal single bond may lead to a decrease in the microleakage of resin composite restorations.

Performance of simple green synthesized Ag incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles based photoanodes by doctor-blade coating as working electrodes for dye sensitized solar cells

In this work, TiO2 and Ag doped TiO2 nanoparticles with different concentrations of Ag (0.01 M, 0.03 M, and 0.05 M) were synthesized by facile green synthesis method using grapefruit extract as solvent/reducing agent. X-ray diffraction patterns and the Raman spectra of the prepared material exhibited anatase phase with tetragonal crystal structure. No specific peaks corresponding to Ag nanoparticles were observed, which further confirms the Ag doping in TiO2. FESEM images reveal the nanorods and spherical shaped morphology of the TiO2 and Ag-TiO2 nanoparticles respectively. UV–Visible spectrum illustrates that absorption edge was shifted towards the visible region and from the photoluminescence spectroscopy quench in the fluorescence intensity was observed for the Ag doped TiO2 samples compared to bare TiO2 sample. Using the prepared TiO2 nanoparticles and Ag doped TiO2 nanoparticles, two different dyes such as natural dye and commercial dye (N719) as sensitizers, photo anodes were prepared. DSSCs were constructed using the prepared photoanodes, and its performance was examined. The silver doped TiO2 nanoparticle showed an efficiency η of 2.66% for MK dye and 6.42% for N719 dye with 0.03 M of silver doping. Improvement of the visible light absorption and the decrease in photogenerated electron hole pair recombination, increment of the oxygen vacancy in the Ag-TiO2 are found to be the key factors for the enhancement of the electrical properties of the DSSCs.

Visible light dye degradation over fluorinated mesoporous TiO2 − WO3 − Bi2O3/SiO2 nanocomposite photocatalyst-adsorbent using immersion well reactor

Mesoporous silica-supported TiO2−WO3−Bi2O3 nanocomposites were prepared using wet impregnation and hydrophobically modified via a simple fluorination process using ammonium fluoride (NH4F) as the fluorination agent. The photocatalytic performance of the materials was evaluated in a triple-walled immersion well reactor for removal of Rhodamine B (RhB) dye using visible light. The bulk structures and surface properties of the materials were characterized by XRD, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, SAED pattern, EDS, N2 adsorption-desorption, FTIR, Zeta potential, DRS, PL, and water contact angle measurements. The FTIR spectra exhibited the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles and the fluoride ion into the fluorinated nanocomposites. Water contact angle and Zeta potential measurements of fluorinated samples indicated the enhanced surface hydrophobicity, the changes in point of zero charge (PZC) toward lower pH, and the increased negative surface charge. The performance of the TSWBi nanocomposites varied appreciably upon surface fluorination (TSWBi-F1) and displayed 93% RhB removal after only 30 min of visible light irradiation. RhB was adsorbed on the TSWBi-F1 and therefore, the material acts as both an adsorbent and photocatalyst simultaneously. Fluorinated SiO2 support was an excellent adsorbent, providing better sites for surface enrichment and adsorption of RhB molecules, while TiO2 nanoparticles promoted by WO3 and Bi2O3 behaved as visible light-active photocatalytic sites that could successfully degrade the RhB molecules adsorbed by the adjacent fluorinated SiO2 nanoparticles. Furthermore, the highly accessible surface area and mesoporous texture of the TSWBi-F1 could render more adsorptive and photocatalytic active centers and efficient mass transport of reacting molecules, respectively.

Hybrid Sol-Gel Coatings Doped with Non-Toxic Corrosion Inhibitors for Corrosion Protection on AZ61 Magnesium Alloy.

Physiological human fluid is a natural corrosive environment and can lead to serious corrosion and mechanical damages to light Mg–Al alloys used in prosthetics for biomedical applications. In this work, organic–inorganic hybrid coatings doped with various environmentally friendly and non-toxic corrosion inhibitors have been prepared by the sol-gel process for the corrosion protection of AZ61 magnesium alloys. Effectiveness has been evaluated by pH measurements, optical microscopy, and SEM during a standard corrosion test in a Hanks’ Balanced Salt Solution. The results showed that the addition of an inhibitor to the sol-gel coating can improve significantly the corrosion performance, being an excellent barrier for the L-cysteine-doped hybrid sol-gel films. The incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles, 2-Aminopyridine and quinine organic molecules slowed down the corrosion rate of the Mg–Al alloy. Graphene oxide seemed to have the same response to corrosion as the hybrid sol-gel coating without inhibitors.

Electrochemical Characterization of Electrodeposited Ni-titanium Dioxide Deposits on Copper and their Corrosion Study

This work aimed to produce and characterize composite coatings of nickel incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles on a copper substrate. These deposits were obtained from watts bath. In the study, the cyclic voltammetry technique was employed to provide a better understanding of the cathodic behavior of nickel deposition. The effects of the potential scanning rate and the effect of cathodic limits on cyclic voltammograms deposition of Ni in Primitive Watts Bath (BWP) were determined. The composite coatings of nickel incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles were characterized using various electrochemical techniques such as open circuit potential (OCP) and potentiodynamic polarization measurements, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopic methods. The current density values for the Ni-TiO2 in the case of 5 g/L and 10 g/L of TiO2 determined from the polarization curves recorded in 3.5% NaCl indicate that the corrosion process on nickel incorporating the TiO2 nanoparticle composite surface is slower than on pure nickel. The TiO2 particles embedded in the electroplated nickel, increase the polarization resistance and decrease the corrosion rates as compared with electrodeposited pure nickel. Electrochemical impedance spectra obtained at the open-circuit potential ( OCP) in 3.5% NaCl showed an increase of polarization resistance with time in all cases.

3D Laser Nanoprinting of Optically Functionalized Structures with Effective-Refractive-Index Tailorable TiO2 Nanoparticle-Doped Photoresin.

The advanced direct laser printing of functional devices with tunable effective index is a key research topic in numerous emerging fields, especially in micro-/nano-optics, nanophotonics, and electronics. Photosensitized nanocomposites, consisting of high-index materials (e.g., titanium dioxide, TiO2) embedded in polymer matrix, are emerging as attractive platforms for advanced additive manufacturing. Unfortunately, in the currently applied techniques, the preparation of optically functionalized structures based on these photosensitized nanocomposites is still hampered by many issues like hydrolysis reaction, high-temperature calcinations, and, especially, the complexity of experimental procedures. In this study, we demonstrate a feasible strategy for fabricating micro-/nanostructures with a flexibly manipulated effective refractive index by incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles in the matrix of acrylate resin, i.e., TiO2-based photosensitized nanocomposites. It was found that the effective refractive index of nanocomposite can be easily tuned by altering the concentration of titanium dioxide nanoparticles in the monomer matrix. For TiO2 nanoparticle concentrations up to 30 wt%, the refractive index can be increased over 11.3% (i.e., altering from 1.50 of pure monomer to 1.67 at 532 nm). Based on such a photosensitized nanocomposite, the grating structures defined by femtosecond laser nanoprinting can offer vivid colors, ranging from crimson to magenta, as observed in the dark-field images. The minimum printing width and printing resolution are estimated at around 70 nm and 225 nm, indicating that the proposed strategy may pave the way for the production of versatile, scalable, and functionalized opto-devices with controllable refractive indices.

Assessment of some characteristics, properties of a novel waterborne acrylic coating incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles modified with silane coupling agent and Ag/Zn zeolite

Effect of rutile TiO2 nanoparticles modified with 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate silane - TMSPM (m-TiO2) and Ag/Zn zeolite on the properties, and durability of acrylic waterborne coatings was studied. The obtained results indicated that m-TiO2 nanoparticles and Ag/Zn zeolite could disperse regularly in the acrylic polymer matrix. Consequently, the acrylic coating's abrasion resistance was improved in the presence of m-TiO2 or/and Ag/Zn zeolite. The acrylic coating's abrasion resistance depended on the content of m-TiO2 nanoparticles as well as the initial TMSPM content for modification of rutile TiO2 nanoparticles. The abrasion resistance of the m-TiO2 nanocomposite coating was higher than that of the unmodified TiO2 nanocomposite coating. The acrylic coating filled by 2 wt% TiO2 modified with 3 wt% TMSPM had the highest abrasion resistance value, leveling off at 187.2 L/mil. The abrasion resistance of acrylic coating filled by m-TiO2 reduced with increasing too high m-TiO2 nanoparticles content and using initial TMSPM content in high level for TiO2 modification. The starting temperature of weight loss of acrylic coating filled by m-TiO2 was lower than that of the neat acrylic coating. In comparison with the m-TiO2 nanoparticles, the Ag/Zn zeolite particles showed a lower improvement for acrylic coating properties, i.e. abrasion resistance, weathering durability, but the Ag/Zn zeolite particles expressed an excellent antibacterial activity. Hence, combination of the m-TiO2 nanoparticles and Ag/Zn zeolite particles could enhance the acrylic waterborne coatings' properties. The acrylic coating filled by 2 wt% m-TiO2 nanoparticles and 1 wt% Ag/Zn zeolite particles illustrated high abrasion resistance, good weather durability, and superior antibacterial activity for both of E. coli and S. aureus. This coating is promising for environmental friendly building materials application.

Microstructure, wettability, and mechanical properties of ADC12 alloy reinforced with TiO2-coated carbon nanotubes

Aluminum matrix composites (AMCs) reinforced by CNTs as lightweight structural materials gain extensive attention. However, the crucial issue limited its application breadth is the poor interfacial bonding between the matrix and CNTs. In this paper, novel TiO2 nanoparticles-coated CNTs (TiO2 @CNTs) fabricated by the alcohol-thermal method were used as the reinforcement to prepare AMCs via high-intensity ultrasonic-assisted casting. The microstructure, wettability, interfacial bonding, and mechanical properties of TiO2 @CNTs/ADC12 composites were investigated in detail. By incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles on the surface of CNTs, the contact angle was reduced from 140.5° to 119°, indicating a significant improvement in the wettability of CNTs to aluminum melt. TEM results revealed that TiO2 nanoparticles homogenously dispersed on the surface of CNTs acted as an interlayer structure between CNTs and matrix, locking the CNTs and improving the CNTs-Al interfacial bonding. The semi-coherent interface was formed at the TiO2/α-Al interface, and the mismatch of (001)TiO2//(100)Al is only 6.52%, indicating a good lattice space matching between TiO2 and α-Al matrix. The TiO2 @CNTs/ADC12 composite with 1.2 wt% TiO2 @CNTs displayed high mechanical properties with yield strength and ultimate tensile strength of 196 MPa and 262 MPa, which were 54% and 29% higher than those of the matrix (127 MPa and 203 MPa), respectively. The better mechanical properties may be attributed to good interfacial bonding caused by the semi-coherent interface created by the TiO2 interlayer, leading to an effective load transfer from matrix to CNTs.

Microstructure, tribological behavior and magnetic properties of Fe−Ni−TiO2 composite coatings synthesized via pulse frequency variation

The Fe−Ni−TiO2 nanocomposite coatings were electrodeposited by pulse frequency variation. The results showed that the nanocomposite with a very dense coating surface and a nanocrystalline structure was produced at higher frequencies. By increasing the pulse frequency from 10 to 500 Hz, the iron and TiO2 nanoparticles contentswere increased in expense of nickel content. XRD patterns showed that by increasing the frequency to 500 Hz, an enhancement ofBCC phase was observed and the grain size of deposits was reduced to 35 nm. The microhardness and the surface roughness were increased to 647 HV and 125 nm at 500 Hz due to the grain size reduction and higher incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles into the Fe−Ni matrix (5.13 wt.%). Moreover, the friction coefficient and wear rate values were decreased by increasing the pulse frequency;while the saturation magnetization and coercivity values of the composite deposits were increased.

The effects of TiO2 nanoparticles and polydopamine on the structure, separation, and antifouling properties of PPSU membrane

ABSTRACT One of the most efficient and cost-effective technologies for removing dye pollutants from industrial effluents is membrane separation. This study aims to investigate the effect of modified nanocomposite polyphenylsulfone (PPSU) membrane for removing Direct Orange102 (DO) dye from aqueous solutions. For this purpose, the PPSU membrane was surface modified by polydopamine (PPSU/PD) to improve its hydrophilic properties and separation performance. Then, a nanocomposite membrane, PPSU/PD/TiO2, was prepared by coating the surface of PPSU/PD with different dosages of TiO2 nanoparticles. The prepared PPSU/PD and PPSU/PD/TiO2 samples were characterized by employing attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and contact angle measurements. The ATR-FTIR analysis and FESEM images indicated that polydopamine and TiO2 were successfully coated on the surface of the membranes. Also, the results showed an increment in the hydrophilicity and roughness of the membrane after the addition of TiO2 nanoparticles. The performances of the fabricated membranes were compared in the separation of DO dye, Na2SO4, and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The best flux and rejection were obtained at 2 mg/ml of dopamine and 0.03 wt% of TiO2 loading. The prepared PPSU/PD/TiO2 membrane with high water flux provided impressive salt and dye removal. The results revealed that dye rejection increased from 80.5% for the PPSU membrane to 90% for the PPSU/PD membrane with a flux of 36 Lm−2h−1. For the PPSU/PD/TiO2 membrane, dye rejection and flux improved to 96.8% and 82 Lm−2h−1, respectively. The incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles and polydopamine on the PPSU membrane surface enhanced the flux recovery ratio (FRR%) from 60.2% to 87%. The results of this study confirmed that modification of PPSU membrane by polydopamine and TiO2 nanoparticles leads to the improvement of the antifouling behavior and separation performance of the fabricated membrane toward the DO dye removal from aqueous solutions.

Development of green halochromic smart and active packaging materials: TiO2 nanoparticle- and anthocyanin-loaded gelatin/κ-carrageenan films

Sustainable multifunctional halochromic nanocomposite films (“smart films”) were prepared using a casting method. Natural pigments (saffron or red barberry anthocyanins) and TiO2 nanoparticles were included in these films as pH-responsive color indicators and for light blocking, respectively, as well as for their other functional attributes. The film matrix was constructed from a network of crosslinked biopolymers consisting of gelatin and κ-carrageenan. The mechanical, morphological, spectroscopic, colorimetric, thermal, barrier, ammonia-sensitivity, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and biodegradable characteristics of the films were investigated. Moreover, the efficacy of the films was demonstrated by using them to monitor changes in the freshness of packaged fish during storage. Incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles and natural anthocyanins significantly improved the mechanical and moisture resistance of the films. Spectroscopic analysis (ATR-FTIR and XRD) indicated the nanoparticles and pigments were dispersed throughout the biopolymer matrix, and identified the important molecular interactions involved (such as hydrogen and electrostatic bonding). The films changed color in response to alterations in the freshness of the fish samples, which was correlated to ammonia production during fish degradation. The presence of the anthocyanins and TiO2 nanoparticles increased the bacteriostatic properties of the smart films, as well as inhibiting oxidative reactions. The smart films were shown to be biodegradable, decomposing within ∼30 days under simulated environmental conditions. In conclusion, these biodegradable smart/active films may be suitable replacements for plastic packaging materials. Moreover, they are able to detect food deterioration and prolong shelf life, thereby improving quality and reducing waste.

Artificial solid-electrolyte interface facilitating uniform Zn deposition by promoting chemical adsorption

Zn-air batteries are promising energy storage and conversion systems to replace the conventional lithium-based ones. However, their applications have been greatly hindered by the formation of Zn dendrites and ZnO passivation layer on the Zn anodes. Herein, we report the fabrication of an artificial protective layer comprised of N-doped threedi-mensional hollow porous multi-nanochannel carbon fiber with well-dispersed TiO2 nanoparticles (HMCNF). The incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles and N dopants improve the ion flux distribution and promote the surface adsorption, facilitating the interfacial pseudocapacitive behaviors during Zn deposition. The hierarchical architecture also induces homogenous electric field distribution at the anode/electrolyte interface. Accordingly, the deposition behavior of Zn is regulated, giving rise to enhanced utilization and rechargeability of Zn. When integrated in alkaline Zn-air batteries, the HMCNF-coated Zn anodes exhibit improved electrochemical performances relative to those with the bare Zn anodes, demonstrating a versatile strategy to boost energy storage of metal anodes through optimizing surface adsorption properties.

Interfacial electron transfer and modification of optical emission in Rhodamine 6G doped Polystyrene micro fibrous matrix by the incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles

Polymer nano and micro fibrous systems in their dye doped or nanoparticle doped forms are extensively researched due to their interesting optical properties. This paper reports the optical and structural characterization of polystyrene (PS) based electrospun polymer microfiber (PMF) system and the effect of incorporation of the dye Rhodamine6G (R6G) and titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2) into it. TiO2 nanoparticles were used as the optical element in the current dye-polymer system. The optimization of concentration of nanoparticles in a polymer matrix is found to be significant in the formation of fibers of smooth morphology and texture. PMF of PS in the pure form and the R6G, TiO2 and both R6G and TiO2 doped forms were subjected to scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Optical absorption and Fluorescence spectroscopy analysis. The dye sensitization ability of TiO2 nanoparticles was observed in the R6G and TiO2 incorporated PS PMF system. The interfacial electron transfer between R6G and TiO2, resulted in the suppression of optical emission of the R6G doped PS PMF system.

In vivo biocompatibility of diamond-like carbon films containing TiO2 nanoparticles for biomedical applications

Hybrid diamond-like carbon (DLC) with incorporated titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticle coatings have low friction coefficient, high wear resistance, high hardness, biocompatibility, and high chemical stability. They could be employed to modify biomedical alloys surfaces for numerous applications in biomedical engineering. Here we investigate for the first time the in vivo inflammatory process of DLC coatings with incorporated TiO2 nanoparticles. TiO2-DLC films were grown on AISI 316 stainless-steel substrates using plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The coated substrates were implanted in CF1 mice peritoneum. The in vivo cytotoxicity and biocompatibility of the samples were analyzed from macrophage lavage. Analysis in the first weeks after implantation could be helpful to evaluate the acute cytotoxicity generated after a possible inflammatory process. The in vivo results showed no inflammatory process. A significant increase in nitric oxide production on the uncoated substrates was confirmed through cytometry, and the coated substrates demonstrated biocompatibility. The presence of TiO2 nanoparticles enhanced the wound healing activity, due to their astringent and antimicrobial properties. DLC and TiO2-DLC coatings were considered biocompatible, and the presence of TiO2 nanoparticles reduced the inflammatory reactions, increasing DLC biocompatibility.

Retraction Note: The effects of curing medium on flexural strength and water permeability of concrete incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles

Retraction Note: The effects of curing medium on flexural strength and water permeability of concrete incorporating TiO2 nanoparticles

Synthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Thermal, Adsorption and Antioxidant Studies of Amino Functionalized Poly(methyl methacrylate)/Titanium dioxide Nanocomposites

The present work reports Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) functionalized with different amino compounds i.e. 2-amino pyridine and 2-nitro aniline. The functionalized polymer (FP1 and FP2) of PMMA doped with titanium dioxide (TiO2) nanoparticles (1 wt% and 3 wt%) with a simple solution mixing method to develop polymer nanocomposite. The functionalized PMMA were characterized by FT-IR and NMR. The surface morphology and crystalline nature of polymer nanocomposite was determined by SEM and XRD. The thermal behavior of polymer nanocomposite were analyzed by thermogravimetric (TGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The thermal stability of polymer nanocomposites was improved by incorporation of TiO2 nanoparticles. In case of sample (PS2) polymer nanocomposite shows degradation temperature (Td) increases 13 °C and the glass transition temperature (Tg) increases 12 °C. TiO2 nanoparticles were embedded into the polymer array which makes the surface of polymer nanocomposite porous, which improves Congo red (CR) dye adsorption. The CR dye adsorption from PMMA to FP1 and PC2 samples were inversely proportional to the pH scale 4–10. The CR dye adsorption increases 50% to 54% from PMMA to PC2 by an effect of contact time. By increasing the concentration of CR dye, the adsorption decreases and the maximum value of adsorption was found 86.57% at 10 ppm for PC2 sample. FP1 sample showed good antioxidant activity i.e. 67.13%. These results showed that the synthesized polymer nanocomposites were low-cost material for water treatment, industrial effluents and preservatives for food beverages.