Including Energy Supply Research Articles

A Review of Research on Embedded Internet of Things Technologies Application in Environmental Monitoring

The integration of embedded Internet of Things (IoT) technology in environmental monitoring underscores its significance, facilitating precise and efficient data collection and analysis. This paper examines the current landscape, technical hurdles, and future directions of embedded IoT applications in environmental monitoring, aiming to inform research and practice in this domain. The pressing need for high-precision, real-time data has propelled the advancement of embedded IoT technology, which creates an effective monitoring system by merging sensor technology, wireless communication, and data processing. Recent domestic and international studies have yielded notable progress in environmental monitoring, exemplified by air quality, water quality, and soil monitoring applications, showcasing the benefits of embedded IoT in data acquisition, transmission, and analysis. Nonetheless, challenges remain, including energy supply, data security, and system stability. This paper suggests that future research should prioritize low-power design, edge computing, and optimization of artificial intelligence algorithms, while enhancing interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation to foster the comprehensive application and sustainable development of embedded IoT technology in environmental monitoring.

Selecting the best Power Generation Technologies by Using Multi Criteria Decision Making Analysis

The increasing demand for electric power is prompting engineers to consider sustainable energy production systems in Europe. Challenges include energy supply security, affordability, material efficiency, and environmental protection. Based on a number of variables, this study seeks to determine which sustainable technologies are most effective for producing electricity. Numerous competing criteria are present in the sources of energy production; multicriteria decision-making methods (MCDM) were applied, and the analysis was conducted using the MULTIMOORA, VIKOR, and TOPSIS methodologies. The results of the MULTI MOORA method revealed the best biomass (CHP) power plants; via VIKOR, the best technology for producing electricity was condensing turbine coal; and for TOPSIS, the best technology was solar photovoltaics. These findings demonstrated that future energy policy should be focused on sustainable energy technologies.

Трансформация экосистемы производственного процесса стартапа

Innovative Transformation of the Smart Manufacturing Process Ecosystem into a Comprehensive Combined Supersystem with Interconnected Real-Time Online Control Subsystems, Including Energy Supply and Water Treatment Modules The supersystem encompasses a preliminary analysis of long-term development forecasts in this field of technology, employee relaxation, and the application of analysis results to form the integration process of 44 commercial system evaluation criteria for a smart property. These are aligned with 40+10 criteria and methods for achieving the ideal final result as defined by the Theory and Algorithm of Inventive Problem Solving (TRIZ). The design and logistics of constructing the ecosystem for a smart property or real estate complex emphasize the development of innovative components as an autonomous supersystem. This includes autonomous innovative infrastructure subsystems that ensure maximum economic efficiency and ecological sustainability in construction and operational processes while minimizing energy and resource consumption.

Metabolic reprogramming of astrocytes: Emerging roles of lactate.

Lactate serves as a key energy metabolite in the central nervous system, facilitating essential brain functions, including energy supply, signaling, and epigenetic modulation. Moreover, it links epigenetic modifications with metabolic reprogramming. Nonetheless, the specific mechanisms and roles of this connection in astrocytes remain unclear. Therefore, this review aims to explore the role and specific mechanisms of lactate in the metabolic reprogramming of astrocytes in the central nervous system. The close relationship between epigenetic modifications and metabolic reprogramming was discussed. Therapeutic strategies for targeting metabolic reprogramming in astrocytes in the central nervous system were also outlined to guide future research in central nervous system diseases. In the nervous system, lactate plays an essential role. However, its mechanism of action as a bridge between metabolic reprogramming and epigenetic modifications in the nervous system requires future investigation. The involvement of lactate in epigenetic modifications is currently a hot research topic, especially in lactylation modification, a key determinant in this process. Lactate also indirectly regulates various epigenetic modifications, such as N6-methyladenosine, acetylation, ubiquitination, and phosphorylation modifications, which are closely linked to several neurological disorders. In addition, exploring the clinical applications and potential therapeutic strategies of lactic acid provides new insights for future neurological disease treatments.

Selecting the Best Power Generation Technologies by Using Multi Criteria Decision Making Analysis

The increasing demand for electric power is prompting engineers to consider sustainable energy production systems in Europe. Challenges include energy supply security, affordability, material efficiency, and environmental protection. Based on a number of variables, this study seeks to determine which sustainable technologies are most effective for producing electricity. Numerous competing criteria are present in the sources of energy production; multi-criteria decision-making methods (MCDM) were applied, and the analysis was conducted using the MULTIMOORA, VIKOR, and TOPSIS methodologies. The results of the MULTI MOORA method revealed the best biomass (CHP) power plants; via VIKOR, the best technology for producing electricity was condensing turbine coal; and for TOPSIS, the best technology was solar photovoltaics. These findings demonstrated that future energy policy should be focused on sustainable energy technologies.

Options for environmental regulation policy under China's carbon peaking target: Energy supply policy or carbon tax policy?

Options for environmental regulation policy under China's carbon peaking target: Energy supply policy or carbon tax policy?

A system dynamics modelling assessment of water-energy-food resource demand futures at the city scale: Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo

A system dynamics modelling assessment of water-energy-food resource demand futures at the city scale: Goma, Democratic Republic of Congo

Impact of Obesity and Lysosomal Dysfunction on Chemoresistance in Ovarian Cancer.

Obesity is recognized as a significant risk factor for ovarian cancer, with accumulating evidence highlighting its impact on disease progression and chemoresistance. This review synthesizes current research elucidating the link between obesity-induced lysosomal dysfunction and ovarian cancer chemoresistance. Epidemiological studies consistently demonstrate a positive correlation between body mass index (BMI) and ovarian cancer risk, attributed in part to the predilection of epithelial ovarian cancer cells for adipose tissue, particularly the omentum. Adipokines released from the omentum contribute to cancer-associated characteristics, including energy supply to cancer cells. Moreover, obesity-induced alterations in lysosomal function have been implicated in systemic inflammation and lipid metabolism dysregulation, further exacerbating cancer progression. Lysosomes play a crucial role in drug resistance, as evidenced by studies demonstrating their involvement in mediating resistance to chemotherapy in ovarian cancer cells. Recent findings suggest that pharmacological inhibition of lysosomal calcium channels sensitizes drug-resistant ovarian cancer cells to cisplatin treatment, highlighting the therapeutic potential of targeting lysosomal dysfunction in obesity-related chemoresistance. This review underscores the importance of understanding the multifaceted roles of lysosomes in obesity-related drug resistance and their implications for the development of targeted therapeutic interventions in ovarian cancer management.

The Endoplasmic Reticulum-Plasma Membrane Tethering Protein Ice2 Controls Lipid Droplet Size via the Regulation of Phosphatidylcholine in Candida albicans.

Lipid droplets (LDs) are intracellular organelles that play important roles in cellular lipid metabolism; they change their sizes and numbers in response to both intracellular and extracellular signals. Changes in LD size reflect lipid synthesis and degradation and affect many cellular activities, including energy supply and membrane synthesis. Here, we focused on the function of the endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering protein Ice2 in LD dynamics in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans (C. albicans). Nile red staining and size quantification showed that the LD size increased in the ice2Δ/Δ mutant, indicating the critical role of Ice2 in the regulation of LD dynamics. A lipid content analysis further demonstrated that the mutant had lower phosphatidylcholine levels. As revealed with GFP labeling and fluorescence microscopy, the methyltransferase Cho2, which is involved in phosphatidylcholine synthesis, had poorer localization in the plasma membrane in the mutant than in the wild-type strain. Interestingly, the addition of the phosphatidylcholine precursor choline led to the recovery of normal-sized LDs in the mutant. These results indicated that Ice2 regulates LD size by controlling intracellular phosphatidylcholine levels and that endoplasmic reticulum-plasma membrane tethering proteins play a role in lipid metabolism regulation in C. albicans. This study provides significant findings for further investigation of the lipid metabolism in fungi.

Эколого-экономическая оценка эффективности технико-технологических решений для ресурсосберегающих технологий возделывания зерновых культур в Сибири

The article analyzes and evaluates the effectiveness of grain cultivation in Siberia. The high energy intensity and poor execution of technological processes leading to their low efficiency and disturbance of the ecological balance have been revealed. It is necessary to improve the methodological approach and develop new mathematical models for the ecological and economic assessment of technological and technical solutions that reduce energy intensity as the main indicator with the predominant use of extensive technologies and reduce the anthropogenic load on the soil. Methodological and technical and technological solutions are proposed to assess the anthropogenic impact on the environment and reduce material costs in resource-saving technologies for the cultivation of grain crops in Siberia. The main economic indicators of the efficiency of cultivation of agricultural land are considered. The conditions of yield growth as a random variable and the main indicator of agricultural efficiency are shown. The rational structure of the three levels of technology intensity recommended for the conditions of the SFO is determined, and the model of mathematical expectation of full expenditures is substantiated. The functions of useful work and time losses are determined; the ration structure of technological processes of basic tillage is proposed. The prospects of using flexible tillage complexes are considered. For each specific case, an algorithm for the ecological and economic assessment of technological and technical solutions is proposed, taking into account the main economic indicators, including energy supply and the quality of the technological processes performed. To reduce energy intensity and improve the environmental situation, a rational structure of recommended levels of technology intensity for the conditions of the Siberian Federal District with an appropriate set of technical support for basic tillage processes is proposed.

Land use of energy supply for carbon neutral mobility: a well-to-wheel analysis

BackgroundThe transition to carbon neutral mobility will require a lot of carbon neutral energy, but a lot of spaceas well. In many countries, it will be a challenge to find this space or to import enough energy. Land use indicators related to sustainable mobility usually focus on space for transport infrastructure and parking, i.e. direct land use, and do not include energy supply. Existing literature on the emerging research field of ‘energy landscapes’ has not covered the transport sector.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to estimate the order of magnitude of land or sea area required for carbon neutral mobility.MethodIn a well-to-wheel analysis, we investigate the land use for the production, transport, storage, distribution, and charging/refuelling of carbon neutral energy carriers for various modes of transport. The analysis focuses on the Netherlands, but part of the results are expected to be broadly applicable to other countries as well.FindingsThe results show that electricity from wind or solar energy supplied to electric vehicles is the most space efficient. Use of hydrogen and synthetic fuels in vehicles takes 2–5 times more land, while use of biofuels from energy crops takes 100 times more land compared to the electricity route. We also conclude that the indirect land use for energy supply for carbon neutral road transport in the Netherlands is in the same order of magnitude as the current direct land use of road mobility.

Economic feasibility of gasification scenarios in remote areas (the case of Sverdlovsk region, Russia)

Relevance. Structural changes in the Russian market create new trends, including energy supply in remote areas. The government is planning to redirect natural gas to domestic buyers. However, according to the estimates of biogas potential, it can fully meet the energy needs of households with no access to centralized gas supply. Research objective is to choose the optimal scenario of gasification in remote areas by evaluating the economic feasibility of several alternatives, including biogas technologies and the centralized gas supply system. Data and methods. The study focuses on the case of Sverdlovsk region and considers three scenarios of gasification in its remote areas. The method includes the calculation of the full discounted value of energy facilities, the comparison of their productive capacity, the analysis of the key external factors. Results. In terms of cost, the most economically feasible is the scenario of biogas plants using by individual households. However, accounting productivity, the scenarios based on the use of centralized gas supply or collective biogas plants. The economic feasibility of these two scenarios depends on the number of buildings serviced. Conclusions. The optimal scenario is the centralized gas supply. Despite its high costs, it can ensure the uninterrupted supply of the necessary energy amount to private households and does not depend on factors such as the availability of manure and organic waste and weather conditions. One more advantage is that Russia currently has a more elaborate and adequate legal framework regulating its use than for the other two options.

Multi-objective Optimal Scheduling of Small Integrated Energy System Based on Improved Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm

In order to explore a low-carbon and economical way of supplying energy for buildings and promote the transformation of the energy system, a small integrated energy system including energy supply equipment, energy conversion equipment and energy storage equipment is designed. After comprehensively considering operating cost and carbon emission, a multi-objective optimal scheduling model of the system is constructed. A genetic particle swarm optimization algorithm based on random dynamic inertia weight is proposed to solve the model and analyze the output of each piece of equipment in the system under the optimal operating strategy. An example of a building in a region with hot summer and cold winter is introduced for verification, and the simulation results show that the proposed small integrated energy system model is economical and environmentally-friendly, and the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm has a better optimization effect.

Modeling Formic Acid Combustion

Nowadays, the knowledge of the gas-phase chemistry of formic acid is paramount for several industrial sectors, including energy supply and the production of bulk chemicals. In this work, a simplified kinetic mechanism and a detailed kinetic mechanism deriving from a rate-based selection algorithm were developed and tested against experimental data available in the literature. The former contains 141 species and 453 reactions, whereas the latter comprises 90 species and 1047 reactions. A focus on a low initial temperature (i.e., up to 500 K) was provided by comparing the numerical estimations with laminar burning velocity and jet-stirred measurements at several conditions. A good agreement among numerical predictions and experimental data was observed, especially for the simplified kinetic mechanism. The accuracy of the generated mechanism allowed for further analysis of the chemistry of the system, enlightening some determining aspects of the chemistry of formic acid. The produced mechanism can be also intended as per seed mechanism for the generation of kinetic models focused on the chemistry of biofuels. Indeed, the characterization of chemical aspects of formic acid occurring in an oxidative environment is crucial due to its relevance as an energy vector as well as an intermediate compound in the decomposition of larger hydrocarbons and bio-oils.

DIGITAL TWIN SOLUTION IMPLEMENTED ON ENERGY HUB TO FOSTER SUSTAINABLE SMART ENERGY CITY, CASE STUDY OF SUSTAINABLE SMART ENERGY HUB

Abstract. The scarcity of energy is one of humanity's most pressing issues in the twenty-first century. These problems can be found in various areas, including energy supply, exchange, and consumption. Population growth, rising global energy demand, natural resource shortages, and environmental concerns contribute to energy scarcity. Furthermore, energy shortage needs the expansion of renewable energies and energy efficiency, a major concern for all governments and organisations. Building energy efficiency is a crucial concept to consider when it comes to smart cities. Buildings are the greatest energy consumers, accounting for 40% of total energy consumption. Recent advances in machine learning within a big data context have paved the way for more efficient building energy management. Building energy consumption may be successfully managed by a real-time measurement procedure, allowing the economy to shift from a linear to a circular consumption model. This will tackle the issue of late notice of failed energy-saving initiatives and allow for immediate correction to restore the energy management system to ultimate performance.The energy hub might be as small as a single home energy system or as large as an energy system for the city. This paper will present a case study on developing a smart energy hub called Hubgrade 4.0 that relies on connected products using digital twin as a significant enabler for energy-saving initiatives. Hubgrade 4.0 provides an innovative approach to successfully implementing energy efficiency improvement using artificial intelligence and real-time data. Hubgrade 4.0 is the name of Enova by Veolia smart energy hub; Enova is the regional leader in integrated energy and multi-technical services, delivering performance-based energy and facilities management solutions. The energy hub digital twin is a link between a physical platform that administers the energy hub's IoT and a virtual platform that can derive services that are valid for the energy hub. Successful enterprises are using several new technologies to achieve the goals of Industry 4.0: efficiency, speed, agility, and customer-centricity. This paper concluded and highlighted lessons learned from the successful implementation of innovative energy management, which relied on a dedicated organisation, effective adoption of digital technologies, and embracing new business models, resulting in power savings of 254 million kW and water savings of around 3 million cubic meters, as well as financial savings of about 138 million AED in 5 years since Hubgrade 4.0 started operations its first energy-saving contract in 2017.

Energy Sufficiency of Biomass and Wastewater in Closed Process of Sago Starch Production

Sago grows in lowland and peat swamp regions that are relatively isolated due to limited basic infrastructures, including energy supply, especially electricity. These limitations constraining the development of sago starch production and industry. The sago starch production process generates by-products such as sago bark waste, pith waste, and wastewater which are potentially used as an energy source. This paper discusses a closed system model of an energy-independent sago starch production process from the utilization of by-products and wastewater. A mass balance model was developed to calculate the energy potency of by-products and waste to construct a closed system for the sago starch production process. The model's output showed that the by-product from processing 1,000 tons of sago stems per day with an optimal yield of 14% potentially generates 90,562 kWh of energy. This energy potency can meet the 26,070 kWh energy needed for sago starch production, making it possible to develop into a closed production system. Further research is needed to determine the site-specific aspects that affect energy sufficiency.

The outstanding role of digitalisation and environmental protection in enhancing corporate competitiveness

This study aims to explore Hungarian industries and manufacturing branches demonstrating the highest air pollutant emission intensities, unifying digitalisation and environmental protection tools into comprehensive categories, and designating differentiating single attributes and categories of digitalisation and environmental protection regarding competitiveness. Few studies have explored the nexus between competitiveness, digitalisation, and environmental protection. This study applies the independent samples t-test, principal component analysis, and non-hierarchical cluster analysis. The critical industrial areas include energy supply, agriculture, and emission-intensive manufacturing branches (wood, paper, and printing; coke and refined petroleum products; chemicals and chemical products; rubber and plastic products; basic metals and fabricated metal products). More competitive and typically small- and mid-sized Hungarian companies are more intensely impacted by a shortage of qualified workforce, which impedes their innovation activities compared to less competitive firms. Additionally, the more competitive group outperforms the other group in both digitalisation and environmental protection. However, achieving better competitiveness does not necessitate a higher performance in any of the two fields within the more competitive group.

THE SYSTEM OF ACCOUNTING FOR BASIC TECHNICAL RESOURCES AND ITS IMPROVEMENT IN CONSTRUCTION

Introduction. Construction is one of the key sectors of the Ukrainian economy, the management of which requires deep engineering, logistics and economic knowledge. Among the important resources of the construction industry are technical resources, which are based on construction machinery and equipment. These machines and equipment are systematically used during construction and installation works and significantly facilitate the work of builders and speed up the commissioning of buildings and structures. Unfortunately, not enough attention has been paid to the accounting of construction machinery and equipment as the main technical resources of construction, but it was and is relevant, so we will try to deal with this topic in more detail. The purpose of the article is to classify the main technical resources in construction, analyze the state and form proposals to improve their accounting system and, in particular, the system of analytical accounting accounts. Methods. The study used general methods: systems approach, induction and deduction, synthesis and generalization in order to improve the classification of basic technical resources in construction, as well as special methods in order to analyze the state and form proposals to improve accounting and, in particular, analytical accounting. basic technical resources in construction. Results. The author's definition of technical resources is formulated and the list of fixed assets that are part of the main technical resources of construction is specified. The dynamics and specific mass of fixed assets in Ukraine, as well as the structure of non-current tangible assets of one of the construction companies are analyzed. The classification of construction machinery and equipment with the indication of potential numbers of their analytical accounts, as well as a number of classification features of such machinery and equipment to meet the information needs of users with management accounting indicators. The information on the largest international manufacturers of construction equipment is generalized. The author's vision on current issues and some issues of accounting for fixed assets, including the accounting of basic technical resources of construction in terms of reservation and coverage of future current costs for repairs and improvements of health facilities; opening of a separate sub-account 47.4 “Ensuring the restoration of the technical park”; transition to accounting for fixed assets at fair value with documentary evidence of the assessment; separate accounting of operating costs and accounting of maintenance costs of construction machinery and equipment, etc. Perspectives. In further research it is expedient to reveal the tasks, methods and organization of accounting of the main technical resources of construction enterprises using information and computer technologies, first of all, accounting programs of Ukrainian production (“Clerk”, “BAS Accounting”, “IT-Enterprises”, “Master Accounting”, etc.). At the same time, it is necessary to develop research on Ukraine's economic policy and the formation of financial resources to establish a full cycle of domestic production of construction machinery in Ukrainian machine-building plants in the context of postwar reconstruction of industrial and non-industrial facilities, new approaches to autonomous energy supply of buildings and structures (including energy supply of the houses of the future – “smart homes”), etc.

Mitochondrial Dynamics and Mitophagy in Skeletal Muscle Health and Aging.

The maintenance of mitochondrial integrity is critical for muscle health. Mitochondria, indeed, play vital roles in a wide range of cellular processes, including energy supply, Ca2+ homeostasis, retrograde signaling, cell death, and many others. All mitochondria-containing cells, including skeletal muscle cells, dispose of several pathways to maintain mitochondrial health, including mitochondrial biogenesis, mitochondrial-derived vesicles, mitochondrial dynamics (fusion and fission process shaping mitochondrial morphology), and mitophagy—the process in charge of the removal of mitochondria though autophagy. The loss of skeletal muscle mass (atrophy) is a major health problem worldwide, especially in older people. Currently, there is no treatment to counteract the progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass and strength that occurs with aging, a process termed sarcopenia. There is increasing data, including our own, suggesting that accumulation of dysfunctional mitochondria contributes to the development of sarcopenia. Impairments in mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy were recently proposed to contribute to sarcopenia. This review summarizes the current state of knowledge on the role played by mitochondrial dynamics and mitophagy in skeletal muscle health and in the development of sarcopenia. We also highlight recent studies showing that enhancing mitophagy in skeletal muscle is a promising therapeutic target to prevent or even treat skeletal muscle dysfunction in the elderly.

Evaluating the Emissions of the Heat Supplied by District Heating Networks through A Life Cycle Perspective

The Life Cycle Assessment methodology has proven to be effective in evaluating the impacts of goods production throughout their life cycle. While many studies are available on specific products, in recent years a growing interest is related to the analysis of services, including energy supply for final customers. Different LCA evaluations are available for electricity, while the heating and cooling sector has not yet been properly investigated. The objective of this study is the analysis of the specific impacts of the heat supplied to the final users connected to a district heating system, in comparison with traditional individual natural gas boilers, which represent the baseline heating solution in several urban contexts in Europe. The results show that the comparison is heavily dependent on the allocation method used for combined heat and power plant production. District Heating impact on heat supplied to the users can vary from 0.10 to 0.47 kgCO2eq/kWh, while distributed natural gas boilers present an overall impact equal to 0.27 kgCO2eq/kWh.