Importance Of Project Management Research Articles

Owner’s Risk Allocation and Contractor’s Role Behavior in a Project: A Parallel-mediation Model

Risk allocation decisions are of critical importance in project management. The present study proposes an explanation for how risk allocation in a contract motivates a contractor to cooperate with a project owner. Theories of risk allocation and trust were used to motivate the research. Using a survey methodology, we collected data concerning 124 construction projects in China. We found that risk allocation influenced the contractor’s role behavior through the contractor’s feeling of being trusted but not the contractor’s trust in the owner. Feeling of being trusted partially mediated the effect of risk allocation on the contractor’s in-role (i.e., contractual) behavior and fully mediated the effect on extra-role behavior. The study introduces a social and psychological view of the impacts of risk allocation to the project and engineering management literature. We contribute to theory by arguing and demonstrating the mediating effect of trust on the relationship between risk allocation and contractor behavior. From a practical standpoint, we conclude that contractual risk allocation has a significant impact on building a trusting relationship between owners and contractors and that contractors who feel trusted perform both contractually mandated actions and actions external to the contract more diligently, resulting in the likelihood of improved outcomes for both parties.

A Study of Project Management Practices in the Czech Republic

The importance of project management has hastly increased and its rapid development and tendency towards innovaton has made it one of the key components of organizatons’ performance. Therefore, the main purpose of this paper was to conduct a systematc study of the current situaton and practces in the feld of project management in the Czech Republic. Four areas of project management are closely studied: stakeholders´ main demands and requests, main characteristcs of project management, level of use of project management methods and identfcaton of the characteristcs of the respondents. The research has an explanatory character and works with primary and secondary data. Primary data was obtained through an online cross-sectonal survey comprising of four parts (identcal to the areas studied) conducted in the Czech Republic in 2016. The questonnaire consisted of twenty questons in total and it had elements of both quanttatve and qualitatve research. It yielded 118 usable responses. The sample examined was random but expert - it covered organizatons operatng in the Czech Republic and respondents were asked to identfy their professionalism and experience in the area of project management. Furthermore, the results of the authors’ survey were compared with the results of similar surveys from the last fve years providing secondary data. This comparison brought forth additonal insights and beter understanding of the theoretcal grounding. The results showed a prominent relatonship and, to some extent, a correlaton between understanding (defning) a successful project and identfying success factors, stakeholder demands and problematc areas, displaying a complexity of working in the feld of project management. Furthermore, a vaguely-defned scope was identfed as the most problematc area and issue influencing project success. Overall, the study indicates the necessity for innovaton, such as the development of a basic framework for project governance approaches as well as an increase in the use of available project management methods. These directons will not only improve project management, but will also boost entrepreneurship spirit and help modern, highly potental start-ups to be compettve in the market.

Balance of Cost, Time, and Quality Related to Construction Projects Regarding the Reinforced Concrete of Underground Structures using a Meta-Heuristic Algorithm

AbstractUnderground spaces having features such as stability, resistance, and being undetected can play a key role in reducing vulnerability by relocating infrastructures and manpower. In recent years, the competitive business environment and limited resources have mostly focused on the importance of project management in order to achieve its objectives. In this research, in order to find the best balance among cost, time, and quality related to construction projects using reinforced concrete in underground structures, a multi-objective mathematical model is proposed. Several executive approaches have been considered for project activities and these approaches are analyzed via several factors. It is assumed that cost, time, and quality of activities in every defined approach can vary between compact and normal values, and the goal is to find the best execution for activities, achieving minimum cost and the maximum quality for the project. To solve the proposed multi-objective model, the genetic algorithm NSGA-II is used.

Determining success factors in Abu Dhabi health care construction projects: customer and contractor perspectives

ABSTRACTThe importance of project management and its success has been growing along with increasing investment in the construction field. This study aims to identify, categorize and prioritize the critical success factors for health care construction projects in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi. An extensive literature review was carried out to identify the success factors for health care construction projects. The analytical hierarchical process was then applied to prioritize the main criteria and sub-criteria of health care construction project success factors. This study consists of 10 main criteria and 36 sub-criteria relevant to health care construction projects. The respondents of this study consist of two main groups: customers and contractors. The customers were selected from one of the leading governmental hospitals in the Emirate of Abu Dhabi and the contractors are from a major contracting company operating within the health care industry. From each respondent group, leadership positions were selected from relevant departments, including finance, operations, marketing, engineering and supply chain management. The findings of the study show that the leading critical success factor groups are financial capability and management. Moreover, top management support, adequate funding, availability of resources and effective strategic planning were found to be top factors affecting project success. Differences in priorities were observed between customer and contractor perspectives based on the different roles of each stakeholder. To highlight, customers ranked management and financial capability as the two most important factors, respectively. However, contractor respondents indicated financial capability as most important, followed by management and strategy factors, which scored as equally important. As results shown in this study are obtained from only customers and contractors, future studies could include consultants and regulatory authorities, along with considering more success factors.

AN INTRODUCTION TO 4-D DECODING METHOD OF DEVELOPMENT PROJECT REPORTS

Generally, the tool of comparison between performances of each stage in the life of a project, is the percentage of project progress, which in most cases is only determined as One-Dimensional with referring to one factor (Physical / Time or Cost). In many projects in developing countries, there are controversies on accuracy and the way of analyzing progress. Identifying weakness points of One-Dimensional look on project and determining a reliable and engineering approach for multi-dimensional decoding information receivable from reports is of great importance in project management. This can be a tool to help identification of hidden diseases and problems before appearing irreversible symptoms that are usually delay or increased costs of execution. The method used in this paper is defining and developing a hypothetical project (based on several real project situations and restrictions) as an example and investigates distinct scenarios and numerical comparison of them, and finally, by analyzing different scenarios, the possibility or impossibility of predicting the occurrence is examined through the evidence of One-dimensional method.

Managing fundraising projects effectively

Sophie Craven considers the importance of project management in the overall success of your school's fundraising programme and provides some useful advice.

프로젝트 관리 시스템에 관한 연구

Abstract Nowadays, because IT market expansion and complexity has been progressing and competition has intensified, there is a growth of information system building industries having difficulty through traditional business management methods. A survey was conducted among site personnel (Project Manager PM and Project Participants) to generate an institutional framework to efficiently manage this and project management process support. Through this, the importance of element technology and fragility of software development project management must be understood and an improvement of the element technology must be generated. By using this, a very relevant result that presented a logical basis was obtained in the decision making of the importance of project management and the role of overall project manager and core project management fields.Key Words : Business Information Services, Business Management System, Project Manager, Software Provider, Project Management * 이 논문은 2013년 공주대학교 학술연구지원사업의 연구비지원에 의하여 연구되었음Received 22 November 2014, Revised 24 December 2014Accepted 20 January 2015Corresponding Author: Koo-Rack Park (Kongju National University)Email: ecgrpark@kongju.ac.krⒸ The Society of Digital Policy & Management. All rights reserved. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is ISSN: 1738-1916 properly cited.

Escritório de Projetos da Cia. Integrada de Desenvolvimento Agrícola de Santa Catarina – CIDASC - e a Percepção dos Funcionários em Relação a sua Existência

O objetivo da pesquisa é avaliar a estrutura do escritório de projetos da CIDASC perante o que se considera pela literatura e perante a percepção dos funcionários sobre esse escritório. Para tal, identifica-se o modelo de escritório de projetos utilizado pela empresa CIDASC, analisa-se a percepção dos funcionários acerca da atuação do escritório e propõe-se melhorias para estruturá-lo. O artigo apresenta abordagem predominantemente qualitativa e realizou o levantamento dos dados por entrevistas com gestores, questionário enviado aos funcionários e a análise dos documentos internos da organização. Identificou-se que os funcionários compreendem a importância da gestão de projetos, contudo, ainda não há a cultura de projetos disseminada na empresa. Ainda, entende-se que a CIDASC possui um escritório de projetos parcamente estruturado. A empresa construiu padrões e métodos para se trabalhar com projetos, no entanto, não possui uma equipe para atender às demandas. Sugere-se que a CIDASC estruture um Project Management Office [PMO] do modelo Project Coaching Model (Kendall & Rollins, 2003), pois é uma empresa que não trabalha diretamente com projetos, no entanto, existe uma demanda que precisa ser suprida.

The project manager and the organisation's long-term competence goal

This paper presents empirical results from a study that aims to increase our understanding of the project manager's involvement in competence management in larger Swedish project-oriented organisations. Projects are today the predominant way of performing work. Organisations are also paying more attention to competence as competitive advantage. However, the logical interrelated connection between these two fields is still not understood.This study adopted a post-positivistic perspective starting with a qualitative step with in-depth interviews followed by a quantitative web survey.The major contributions are the framework that constitutes human resource management (HRM) competence management practices related to projects followed by the importance of project managers' involvement in the company's long-term goal in terms of competence.For researchers, these findings contribute to integrating project management into the HRM field. For practitioners, there is a need to review the project manager's participation in competence management.

The Importance of Project Management in the Planning Process of Transport Infrastructure Projects in Germany

Transport infrastructure projects can cover very long time periods from conception to completion. Literature reviews regarding the planning periods of transport infrastructure projects in Germany have shown that the planning phase can take up to 20-29 years in the worst case. Apart from long planning periods cost overruns have become a phenomenon in transport infrastructure projects. Besides the length of the project development phase which seems to be a contributing factor in cost overruns there are also other factors influencing the costs of transport infrastructure projects. To describe the current planning process of rail and road construction projects, to explore the factors affecting planning duration and costs and to define the need for project management in public projects structured interviews have been carried out. The interviewees included experts of public agencies and engineering offices in Germany. Significant findings of this research are the confirmation of (outdated) literature about the factors influencing the duration and costs of public projects. Despite numerous influences on the duration of the planning period and the cost overruns only minor modifications have been carried out over the years. The findings of this research are of great importance to all project participants. According to the findings of the literature review and the expert interviews this paper presents opportunities for optimization by integrating essential elements of project management as standard processes in the planning phase of transport infrastructure projects.

Gerenciamento de Projetos na Construção Civil como Ferramenta Chave de Marketing no Serviço Público

O Governo Federal tem a responsabilidade sobre a administração pública do Brasil por meio das pastas que estão sob sua jurisdição. Este investe recursos financeiros na execução e gerenciamento de projetos que, não são aceitos pela população. Contudo, investe em campanhas de marketing, para reverter este quadro, bem como suprir as metas e alcançar os índices de assistência à comunidade. Entretanto, devido às falhas no gerenciamento acaba influenciando diretamente o projeto macro das estratégias de marketing, pois este é uma parte no processo das ações. A abordagem sobre gerenciamento de projetos na construção civil ganha força no serviço público, pois este processo se torna oneroso pela dificuldade de aplicação do método coerente, tornando difícil, assim, o processo das estratégias de marketing na organização.DOI:10.5585/gep.v4i2.100

Standards and Excellence in Project Management – In Who Do We Trust?

The importance of project management as a special organizational form for temporary endeavors and in particular for international collaborations increases steadily. Can the use of standards guarantee the excellent performance of a project or is the result just a good and acceptable project quality? These questions will be answered with regard to the new ISO 21.500 guideline for project management, to the art of national and international Project management standards and to the model for the project excellence. It will be shown how different standards help to build trust for collaboration in projects. In this paper the new global Standard, the national and international standards and a Project Excellence Modell der IPMA will be described. There will be some suggestions how these standards can be used in a reasonable mix. Last but not least the importance of well trained, competent individuals involved in project work will be emphasized.

O Processo de Comunicação no Projeto PROFISCO/RN

O presente trabalho aborda o processo de comunicação no PROFISCO/RN, destacando a importância do gerenciamento de projetos e a aplicação desta ferramenta na administração pública. Teve como objetivos identificar o processo de comunicação existente no projeto PROFISCO/RN e analisar o plano de comunicação a ser aplicado. Em uma abordagem de pesquisa descritiva, com base em material bibliográfico, apresenta conceitos inerentes a gerenciamento e comunicação de projetos, enquanto busca a aplicação prática a partir da observação de caso particular no RN. O gerenciamento das comunicações do projeto refere-se aos processos necessários para assegurar que as informações sejam geradas e distribuídas de maneira oportuna e apropriada. O plano de comunicação em um projeto assume um papel essencial no acompanhamento das ações adotadas no projeto com vista a atingir seus objetivos. O PROFISCO/RN apresenta-se na fase iminente de execução, tendo como base o planejamento das ações e a programação financeira especificados. Os pesquisadores percebem a ausência de um plano de comunicação formal, embora implícitas ações de comunicação a serem adotadas ao longo da execução do projeto. Os autores identificaram as partes interessadas no projeto e elaboraram uma proposta de plano de comunicação formal, sob forma de uma matriz de comunicação, relacionando os mecanismos de comunicação mais apropriados para cada parte interessada no PROFISCO/RN. Por fim, os autores relataram a importância do estudo, ao explicitar formalmente o plano de comunicação, inclusive quanto a identificação do nível de influência de cada ator desse projeto.DOI:10.5585/gep.v3i3.80

The importance of project management in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) for the development of new products through E- collaboration

The research in this paper seeks ways for manufacturing companies to accomplish projects in real time with less cost. This paper describes a new model using critical success factors of implementing projects in small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The factors in the conceptual model were identified in past studies and are validated from interviews with 20 project managers in the electronics industry in Iran. Several prior researches have suggested critical success factors for reducing time and cost in the development of a new product. These factors are related to design, product, planning and procurement. However, none of these studies has proposed a model that specifies practices that should be undertaken to facilitate the progression to reduce time and cost in developing new products in SMEs. Following this, a development of a new model will likely prove important to help SMEs to understand what is required in order to be an effective global organization in terms of reducing time and cost through electronic collaboration (E-collaboration) and project management. The concept and value of E-collaboration and project management, and its strengths and weakness on SMEs, is also explained. Key words: E-collaboration, project management, small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), new product, reduces time, reduce cost.

An empirical investigation of the project situation: PM practice as an inquiry process

Long perceived in the classical literature as focused on technical aspects, project management is re-viewed in an empirical investigation that underscores the place of value judgment. Adopting a grounded theoretical research strategy and drawing on Chaim Perelman's rhetoric and Schön's pragmatist view of design activities for the theoretical framework, we explore the inquiry process by which actors grasp project situations. This article contributes a model of the key constituents of the inquiry process, characterized as a to-and-fro movement between descriptive and design practices. Some rhetorical issues that hinder or nurture this inquiry process are examined. Practical and pedagogical consequences are identified, pointing to the importance in project management of “pragmatizing” theoretical knowledge and developing reflective practice.

ASSESSING STUDENTS' PERCEPTIONS OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT BEFORE AND AFTER COMPLETION OF A PROJECT MANAGEMENT COURSE

Project management (PM) is increasingly important in both corporate and academic venues. Its importance has been recognized for several decades, but has recently received more attention because effective project managers are in high demand and short supply. University computing and engineering programs are being pressured by employers to better prepare students for project management positions and this has often resulted in student exposure to project management concepts in one or more courses. More graduate and undergraduate courses in project management are also being offered at colleges and universities because Information Systems (IS) curricula models specify exposure to project management. The present investigation focuses on how exposure to a project management course affects student perceptions of the overall importance of project management and the subject areas that project management subsumes. Student perceptions were assessed by surveying undergraduate students at a regional institution in the southeast U.S. at the beginning and end of a Project Management course. The results suggest that students exit the project management courses thinking that the subject matter is important and will contribute to career success. The results also suggest that the project management course has an especially strong impact on the perceptions of female students and that the course and that it significantly increases the perceived importance of multiple ”hard” and “soft” course-related topics.

Projetos sociais de empresas no Brasil: arcabouço conceitual para pesquisas empíricas e análises gerenciais

Este artigo apresenta o arcabouço conceitual desenvolvido como parte de uma pesquisa com vistas à investigação dos modelos de gestão adotados por empresas no Brasil, na condução de seus projetos sociais, sua adequação às características dos projetos e as implicações para sua efetividade e sustentabilidade. Foi feita uma extensa revisão da literatura, a fim de identificar conceitos e construtos que pudessem apoiar a construção do arcabouço. Foi identificada também a interação de diversos fatores que podem trazer implicações para a efetividade dos projetos e para a sustentabilidade. A partir das recomendações de Kerlinger (1973) para operacionalização de conceitos, foram definidos os principais construtos adotados na pesquisa, posteriormente desmembrados em dimensões, às quais, por sua vez, foram atribuídos indicadores. E, por fim, foi visto como o arcabouço resultante pode ser utilizado na condução de pesquisas empíricas sobre projetos sociais desenvolvidos por empresas no Brasil e também sua importância para os gestores de projetos, na análise da adequação entre os diversos fatores intervenientes, com vistas a uma maior efetividade e sustentabilidade dos resultados.

Project Management in Libraries

One issue that has emerged in relation to the increased emphasis on project management in organizations is the importance of educational preparation and training in the principles and techniques of project management for those who have such responsibilities. The research indicates the need for a more enhanced focus on project management in degree programs and in professional development. The research presented here addresses the importance of project management in libraries and the extent to which graduate programs in library and information science provide such preparation. The results reflect the overall focus on the importance of management principles, including the coverage of specialized aspects of management, such as human resources and financial management, and the limited focus on project management in library and information science programs. The aspects of project management, which are addressed in the curricula are discussed, as is the need for project management expertise for large-and small-scale projects in libraries.

Coping with the time-to-market factor in software localisation projects

This paper discusses the importance of using computer-assisted translation (CAT) tools in software localisation projects, and sheds light on their key importance for the success of translators who are involved in the localisation industry. The main focus is on the vital role played by tools such as translation memory (TM) systems and terminology management packages to help translators cope with the pressure exerted by the time-to-market factor in real-life scenarios. The paper provides some background information about localisation in general, and presents in more detail a number of practical issues that illustrate the crucial impact of CAT tools on software localisation projects. Finally, the importance of project management in localisationoriented processes is emphasised, and some new emerging working practices for translators are outlined.

The re‐engineering of Hewlett‐Packard’s CD‐RW supply chain

Technological innovation is a major driver in the consumer electronics industry, bringing consumers exciting new products more quickly and at lower cost than ever before. However, technological innovation alone cannot deliver competitive advantage to manufacturers, no matter how large their scale or scope. Delivering innovative new products quickly and at competitive prices requires an efficient and effective supply chain, in which inventory is minimalised but without the loss of responsiveness that is essential in such a dynamic market. Hewlett‐Packard’s experience with its CD re‐writer is a classic case of an existing supply chain infrastructure failing to support the commercial exploitation of technological innovation. Their experience demonstrates graphically the importance of a supply chain design in keeping with market requirements. The results of their supply chain analysis illustrate the significant benefits of centralized distribution and the implementation highlights the importance of project management and the incentives for change amongst supply partners.