Importance Of National Culture Research Articles

Dynamic cultures, dynamic responses: The impact on corporate cash holdings amid uncertainty

This study investigates the changes in national culture, economic uncertainty, and their joint effects on corporate cash holdings across 58 countries over the period 2004 to 2020. The study also delves into the importance of national culture in amplifying the impact of economic uncertainty in influencing corporate cash holdings. Drawing on three national cultural dimensions, trust-distrust, collectivism-individualism, and duty-joy orientation-based on the European Value Survey (EVS) and World Value Survey (WVS), we employ a panel data model with a fixed effect approach and incorporate the lag of the independent variable to mitigate potential endogeneity issues. Our findings show that transitions in national culture from collectivism to individualism do not significantly decrease corporate cash holdings. Moreover, a cultural shift from distrust to trust does not result in a decrease in corporate cash holdings. Conversely, a move towards a short-term orientation motivates firms to reduce their cash holdings. The interaction between economic uncertainty and collectivism and individualism tends to increase corporate cash holdings. However, there is no difference in the impacts of the three cultural dimensions for financially constrained and unconstrained firms on corporate cash holdings. This study offers significant practical implications, particularly for policymakers in countries where they have strong collectivistic national culture, which may amplify the effects of economic uncertainty.

Sanpo-yoshi, top management personal values, and ESG performance

While ESG is a relatively recent concept, the traditional Japanese business philosophy of Sanpo-yoshi, which prioritizes harmonious relationships with stakeholders over profitability, has been deeply ingrained in Japan's corporate culture for more than three centuries and has contributed to the longevity of Japanese businesses. Despite the lasting impact of Sanpo-yoshi on Japanese corporate culture and its similarities to the ESG framework, there is a notable absence of literature examining its influence on the ESG performance of Japanese companies. With a sample of Japanese listed companies from 2001 to 2018, this study reveals that top management born in regions heavily influenced by Sanpo-yoshi are more likely to exhibit better ESG performance. The importance of national culture in elucidating the variations observed in ESG performance is highlighted by our findings, which carry significant policy implications.

The cycle of pre-Christmas winter folk holidays as held in Western Podillya in Ukraine with the processes of urbanization and globalization in the background

Ukrainian culture has undergone significant urbanization and globalization influences in recent decades. Under the impact of these factors, the basic features and attributes of national identity which distinguish one cultural tradition from another are leveled and disappear. To a large extent, it applies to national traditions including winter ones, the functioning of which is actively fading and dying out. A comprehensive and especially regional study of winter traditions enhances the effect and importance of national culture in the context of European and world civilization in general. The article analyzes a cycle of winter folk holidays before Christmas in Western Podillya , examines the symbolism and main components of these holidays: The Presentation of the Blessed Virgin Mary into the Temple (known in Ukraine as Introduction (Vvedennia ), St. Andrew’s Day, St. Nicolas Day. Today, the traditional winter rituals of Western Podillya still retain their main components, although under the influence of modern globalisation and urbanisation processes, they are increasingly losing its original essence and colouring. During the first and second decades of the 21st century, the gap between the local town residents and the rural population has been steadily decreasing. In contrast to the period of the 20th century, when traditional rituals prevailed mainly in rural areas, currently they are mostly concentrated in cities, where various folkloristic societies, clubs, and theatres are active agents engaged in research, restoration and development of the traditions of our ancestors by preservation of the authenticity and essence of calendar customs and rites, reinterpreting them in a modern way, and explaining their meaning to the younger generation.

SOME COMMENTS ON THE NOVELS OF KURBAN MUHAMMADRIZA

<p><span>The article discusses the first book of the “Beruni” trilogy by Kurban Muhammadriza, the novel “Omonat tuhfa (Saved gift)”, the novel “Muxabbat olamining bulbuli (The nightingale of the world of love)” dedicated to the life and creative path of the artist Komiljon Otaniyozov. In this article, Kurban Muhammadriza’s artistically and ideologically deep work “Omonat tuhfa” calls to see the human race again and calls to look at the events in the world with a direct control will help. It is revealed that a hint of what actually lies at the root of the unrest that may exist in some parts of the world is embedded in the content of the work. It is researched that the main idea of the novel is to invite people to draw conclusions from the events of distant history, to invite them to the organization of great miracles. The fact that the novel “Muxabbat olamining bulbuli” is a work that includes ideas such as self-awareness, the importance of national culture and spirituality, the gradual (evolution) of personal development and the creation and development of art, which is a component of national culture, by truly geniuses, is the basis of this article.</span></p><p><span><strong><span>Keywords: </span></strong><span>Kurban Muhammadriza, novel, history, Homeland, patriotism, freedom, sacrifice, art, culture, self-preservation, personal development. </span></span></p>

Examining the Relationship Between National Culture and Earnings Management

This study investigates the relationship between national culture and the incidence of earnings management across thirty-one nations while controlling for the strength of corporate governance and type of legal system. The results indicate the importance of national culture in explaining the difference in the incidence of earnings management across nations. Earnings management is found to be higher in countries with low scores on the Individualism dimension and high scores on the Uncertainty Avoidance and Long-Term Orientation dimensions. This study confirms the relationship between national culture and earnings management and contributes to the literature through the inclusion of the Long-term Orientation and Indulgence dimensions of national culture. The potential impact of national culture on earnings quality highlights the need for caution in assuming that the harmonization of accounting standards alone will lead to comparability and consistency of financial reporting.

КРОС-КУЛЬТУРНІ АСПЕКТИ ПОВЕДІНКИ У МІЖНАРОДНОМУ БІЗНЕСІ

It is noted that knowledge of all cross-cultural aspects of behavior in international business, namely understanding the national characteristics of people's behavior in different countries, value systems, negotiation patterns, traditions and customs, increase business efficiency and enable mutual understanding during business negotiations and meetings.The article considers the approaches to determining the role of the cultural factor, the importance of national culture in planning international activities and conducting international business. It is considered that religion seriously affects the nature of business relations, moral attitudes of employees, appearance, consumer behavior and work schedules. The parameters that allow to identify cultural differences between countries are considered and a number of universal elements of behavior in international business, knowledge of which is important for effective cooperation and communication. The significant influence of cross-cultural aspects of behavior on activities in international business is determined. The necessity of research of such parameters of national culture as religion, language, attitude to formalities and importance of personal space in business relations is substantiated. It is also noted that an important parameter in doing business is language. Knowledge of the language of foreign partners increases the efficiency of communication, promotes better communication.It is indicated that an important parameter is the understanding of social and personal space. After all, in different countries there is a certain business distance between the partners, which must be observed in order not to create certain inconveniences. The importance of international business etiquette and its main categories is revealed, as well as the code of business communication, ie a number of rules that must be followed to establish strong relationships between foreign partners. Knowing all the cultural features of the partner country will allow you to establish a strong business relationship. Having studied the parameters that determine the cultural features of the country, a number of universal elements that need to be known to establish cooperation at the international level are presented.

The Impact of National Culture on Working Capital Management

This paper aims to test whether national culture may explain the variation in working capital management, which is proxied by cash conversion cycle (CCC). By using 81,585 firm year observations across 46 countries over the period from 1998 to 2010, we confirm that working capital management is positively associated with power distance, but negatively with individualism and masculinity. Based on our interaction results, this relation become remarkable as firms are resident in emerging markets, firms involve less in international activities, firms belong to a non-high-tech sector, or firms are resident in countries with less effective regulatory enforcement or English common law. In general, our findings reinforce the importance of national culture in determining the effects of firm- and country-level factors on working capital management policies.

INTERNATIONAL HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT AND NATIONAL CULTURAL CHALLENGES

A number of researchers have investigated the role of and importance of national culture on international human resource management and it is named as the major challenge that human resource management should be aware of when going global to achieve its organizational goals. Getting individuals from different ethnic backgrounds working together may be difficult in some parts of the world and international human resource management professionals should be aware of this cultural difficulty. This paper studies the influence of national cultural challenges on international human resource management which is investigated commonly by Hofstede’s cultural dimensions, achievement motivation theory, equity theory, expectancy theory, job design, work centrality, and rewards.

Developing an Organizational Perspective to Management Accounting

B eing asked to make a short speech as part of accepting the award inevitably leads to some introspection and reflection on major factors that have influenced one’s career, be they events or individuals. Past recipients of the award have been very influential in putting management accounting on the map. Some have been instrumental in developing the way we think about management accounting and teach the subject; some have developed important perspectives such as information economics, combining economics with psychology, the importance of national culture, activity-based cost management, and balanced scorecards. The way these recipients developed their thoughts is well told in their acceptance speeches and collectively provides a wealth of ideas and a historical perspective on the development of our discipline. I commenced my studies in economics, and I maintain a keen interest in economic approaches to management accounting. However, early in my academic career, I was pressed into considering an organizational approach to management accounting, not because it was an easier option; rather it addressed the world of management accounting within which I found myself. In this address, I will share with you some personal reflections on the process of my discoveries in the area of organizational approaches to management accounting from the mid-1960s. The backdrop to this address is that research is something of a growth model. Stage 1: starting from a baseline of skills and knowledge gained at undergraduate studies; stage 2: progressing through refinement of skills with more graduate study; and stage 3: consolidating through work toward publications and other academic outputs. Stages 1 and 2 are somewhat planned and incremental, while stage 3 is more often associated with less ordered processes, often stumbling across potential research areas by way of reading and personal interactions. Research projects can be focused around existing ideas, sometimes being somewhat formulaic, sometimes highly innovative. Often ideas can be serendipitous and develop in unpredictable ways. The key is to recognize when there is a management accounting angle that will relate to an important organizational or social issue.

The cultural characteristic of individualism/collectivism: A comparative study of implications for investment in operations between emerging Asian and industrialized Western countries

AbstractThis study provides insight into the importance of national culture, investment in operations, and performance in the context of emerging Asian economies with a collectivist orientation, which are compared to industrialized Western nations with an individualist orientation. Hypotheses are developed and tested based on the cultural concept of individualism/collectivism, the theory of performance frontiers, and the extent of economic development. More specifically, data collected from 639 manufacturing plants in nine countries are used to first assess the influence of the cultural trait of individualism/collectivism on the extent of investment in structural assets (specifically: physical and capital‐based) and infrastructural assets (specifically: team‐based methods and improvement programs). Second, the influence of the extent of economic development on these investment factors is measured. Third, evidence is provided supportive of the theory of performance frontiers, and the nature of resource investments in the context of the cultural construct of individualism/collectivism. And fourth, support is provided for the efficacy of this theory, as well as for its compatibility and association with the resource‐based view of the firm. Overall, this study makes important contributions to both theory and practice, and provides evidence for the role played by the cultural characteristic of individualism/collectivism in determining plant level investment outcomes in emerging Asian economies.

Culture, Organizational Dynamics and Workflow Implementation: The Case of a Failed Implementation

This case examines the failed implementation of an electronic workflow system at a very successful, medium-sized company in South Korea. The CEO of the company approved and supported the system, invested substantial resources in its development and implementation, and mandated that the entire organization adopt and use the system. However, the importance of status, position and the importance of the tojang stamp were factors that the workflow system did not account for and were "lost" when the workflow system was introduced. As a result, the employees of the company were steadfast in their refusal to use the system as designed.The purpose of this study is to investigate several explanatory frameworks that may shed light on the reasons for the failure of this implementation. After a review of the relevant literature and the presentation of the case, we discuss how culture has a persistent impact on information technology (IT) implementation, and how this may impede organizational change. This research will add to a small but growing body of literature on the importance of national culture in IT implementation decisions.

The Influence of Culture on Services Marketing Research

As organizations continue to pursue more global strategies, the need to be able to understand consumers in far away places is increasing. Marketing research is the primary mechanism through which companies understand their current as well as potential customers. While many researchers and practitioners comment on cultural differences, the impact of national culture at the various stages of the research process is frequently not fully realized or even ignored. As companies contemplate the global marketplace, they must consider how domestic market research differs when conducted in international markets. This paper presents a comprehensive understanding of the importance of national culture in conducting international marketing research. A framework is provided to closely examine the relationships between culture, marketing research, and consumer behavior. The paper also discusses marketing research using actual company examples in the service industry. Finally, recommendations for researchers considering the international marketplace are also provided.

The importance of national culture in operations management research

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to test the validity of national culture as an explanatory construct for international operations management decision‐making.Design/methodology/approachNational culture is multi‐dimensional thereby allowing for much finer grained comparisons than are possible when examining differences based purely on geography or the level of industrialization. This proposition is examined from the theoretical standpoint then empirically investigated using an existing database.FindingsThis article finds that national culture significantly explains international operations management behaviors among similar manufacturing plants in the same industry located in different cultures.Originality/valueThis study represents a first attempt at using national culture to explain differences of operations decision‐making.

Differences and similarities in future managerial values: a five cultures comparative study

Highlights the opinion that the importance of national culture in cross‐cultural management is diminishing, suggesting that the world is moving towards a single, global management culture that is basically Western and, more specifically, American. Attempts to test this hypothesis by examining values held by future managers from five different cultures. Uses the Kruskal‐Wallis One Way ANOVA and the Mann‐Whitney tests to show that future managers from different cultural backgrounds will neigher adopt a mirror image of current management style in their cultures nor a global unified management style regardless of local culture.

The importance of national culture in the design of and preference for management controls for multi-national operations

This study investigates the effects of national culture on firms’ design of and employees’ preference for management controls. Data for testing two hypotheses are collected from 159 Taiwanese managers working in six each of Japanese-, Taiwanese-, and U.S.-owned, size-matched, computers/electronics firms in Taiwan. Overall, the results are consistent with national culture affecting these firms’ design of and employees’ preference for seven management controls, though there also are anomalies. These findings are combined with prior research for identifying desirable improvements in research design and method, variable measurement and selection, and, most important, the theoretical foundation for culture-based research on management controls. ©