The convergence of climate change and population ageing poses a global health challenge, especially in LMICs, where older adults face unique vulnerabilities. Evidence on mental/cognitive impacts is fragmented and geographically skewed, hindering policy. We systematically synthesised quantitative evidence on these impacts in older adults. Following PRISMA/PROSPERO guidelines, we searched Scopus, EBSCOHost, ScienceDirect, and Web of Science (Jan 2000-June 2025) for studies linking climate exposures (e.g. thermal stress, disasters) to mental/cognitive outcomes in older adults (>60 years). Two reviewers extracted data and assessed bias. Findings were narratively synthesised due to heterogeneity. We included 28 quantitative studies. Thermal stress (heat/cold) was robustly linked to increased depressive symptoms. Acute disasters were consistently associated with higher psychological distress, anxiety, and PTSD. An emerging link between heat exposure and cognitive impairment has been identified, although some studies suggest that older adults exhibit greater psychological resilience post-disaster than younger cohorts. Key pathways (physical health, sleep, social support) were identified. Critically, the evidence is profoundly concentrated in East Asia (primarily China), with significant data gaps in Africa and South Asia. Climate change poses a significant threat to older adults' mental and cognitive health. The severe geographic research imbalance, neglecting low- and middle-income settings-especially sub-Saharan Africa and South Asia-represents a major global health failure. Future research and funding must prioritise these high-risk, low-evidence regions and shift towards the development and testing of interventions.

Climate change is reshaping plant disease dynamics and pathogen distribution, creating substantial risks for agricultural sustainability and food security. Increasing temperatures, altered precipitation regimes, elevated atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations, and more frequent extreme weather events are modifying interactions among host plants, pathogens, and their surrounding environment. Higher temperatures accelerate pathogen reproduction, shorten latent periods, and reduce overwintering mortality, enabling multiple infection cycles within a single season. Geographic expansion of pathogens toward higher latitudes and elevations is becoming more evident as thermal barriers decline. Variability in rainfall intensity and humidity directly influences spore germination, infection efficiency, and dispersal processes, thereby altering epidemic timing and severity. Periods of drought and heat stress weaken host defense mechanisms, disrupt physiological balance, and enhance vulnerability to necrotrophic and opportunistic pathogens. Elevated CO₂ modifies plant morphology, canopy density, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratios, which can influence pathogen aggressiveness and disease expression. Insect vectors are responding to warming trends through extended activity periods and range expansion, increasing the transmission potential of viral and bacterial diseases. Soil-borne pathogens are affected by changes in soil temperature, moisture fluctuations, and shifts in microbial community composition, influencing soil suppressiveness and long-term plant health. Technological progress in epidemiological modeling, climate-based forecasting, and remote sensing strengthens predictive capacity for disease outbreaks, though uncertainty persists due to complex, interacting variables. Adaptive strategies such as breeding for climate-resilient cultivars, integrated disease management, biological control approaches, and climate-responsive agronomic practices are critical for reducing future risks. Enhanced monitoring networks and interdisciplinary collaboration remain essential for managing emerging plant health challenges under continuing environmental change.

Post-inflammatory pigment alteration (PIPA) in skin previously affected by psoriasis is an important, often neglected problem. PIPA has a disproportionate negative impact in people with skin of color. The phase3b VISIBLE study evaluated guselkumab efficacy and safety in participants with skin of color and moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis (cohortA) or moderate-to-severe scalp psoriasis (cohortB). Here we report results from exploratory assessments of the quality-of-life impact of pigmentation changes as psoriasis lesions resolve and long-term skin clearance is achieved and of correlations between dyspigmentation and clinical and patient-reported outcomes. Randomized (3:1) participants received guselkumab 100mg or placebo with crossover to guselkumab at week16. Patient-reported impact of dyspigmentation on quality of life was assessed via Skin Discoloration Impact Evaluation Questionnaire (SDIEQ). Correlations between SDIEQ, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI), and Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) were assessed. Pigmentation journeys were tracked using standard and cross-polarized photographs evaluated for erythema, pigmentation, and skin tone evenness. Across treatment and Fitzpatrick skin type groups (N = 205), mean SDIEQ scores decreased from 8.4-9.5 (moderate impact) at baseline to 1.3-1.9 (mild impact) at week48. Photographic improvements in pigmentation were also observed. The majority of guselkumab-treated participants achieved clear or almost clear skin at week48. In cohortA, mean percent PASI improvement from baseline was 94.9%; in cohortB mean percent Psoriasis Scalp Severity Index improvement was 94.6%. At week48, correlation between SDIEQ and DLQI (r = 0.7456; p < 0.001) was stronger than between PASI and DLQI (r = 0.3345; p < 0.001). Following treatment with guselkumab, most participants achieved clear or almost clear skin and substantial improvements in skin discoloration. Exploratory analyses showed SDIEQ improvements impacted quality of life more than PASI improvements, suggesting greater attention to PIPA is warranted in comprehensive psoriasis management, especially for patients with skin of color. NCT05272150.

Abstract The commercial viability of anion exchange membrane (AEM) electrolysis requires optimization of various stack components, with specific catalyst-ionomer combinations often yielding higher current densities, lowered Tafel slopes, and improved mass activity. In this joint theoretical-experimental study, theoretical calculations detail the impact of Versogen’s piperidinium functional group on the complex, kinetically limiting oxygen evolution reaction, finding that the functional group can act as a promoter of specific steps (O*/O 2 * formation; H 2 O/O 2 desorption with reaction enthalpies ranging between 0.2–0.6 eV at higher coverages of O x H y intermediates) on NiO and NiFeO x catalysts. In particular, Fe sites on the NiFeO x catalyst facilitate concerted mechanisms of O*/O 2 * formation and H 2 O desorption with a low enthalpy of 0.5 eV; O 2 desorption alone requires only 0.3 eV. In contrast, Versogen-IrO 2 results in stronger Ir–O bonds, where the enthalpies for bond breaking (Ir–OH 2 and Ir–O 2 ) are considerably higher (1.4 eV and 1.6 eV, respectively). Rotating disk electrode studies utilized commercially available NiO and IrO 2 and synthesized 7.5 wt % Fe in NiFeO x catalysts in combination with Versogen, a common AEM ionomer, and Nafion, an alternative binder. Electrochemical testing validated the impact of these mechanistic changes on ionomer-catalyst combinations, finding that Versogen particularly activates NiO and NiFeO x compared to IrO 2 . Following a 13.5 h hold at 1.8 V, mass activities and Tafel slopes improved to 34 ± 13 A g −1 and 79 ± 2 mV dec −1 (NiO) and 82 ± 4.9 A g −1 and 72 ± 2 mV dec −1 (NiFeO x ). In contrast, Versogen-IrO 2 only reached 17 ± 2.9 A g −1 and 81 ± 3 mV dec −1 . Optimization of the ionomer-catalyst can yield significant increases in performance from initial activity and after an electrochemical conditioning procedure: this enhancement to the mass activity resulted in a 200.9 ± 106.1% improvement for Versogen-NiFeO x and 1284.2 ± 260.5% for Versogen-NiO. In contrast, Nafion-NiFeO x and -NiO offered moderate improvements of 39.1 ± 30.5% and 120.9 ± 59.1%, respectively.

A semi-automated modelling pipeline to predict the mechanics of multiple sclerosis lesion afflicted brains from magnetic resonance images.

Thirty years after Baruch Fischhoff's (1995) influential article Risk Perception and Communication Unplugged, this commentary revisits the developmental stages and conclusions outlined in this seminal paper documenting and reflecting on the development of risk communication. Fischhoff's work has shaped decades of research and practice, and while not intended in this way, many institutional efforts continue to rely on the earliest, technically focused stages. We reflect on how the field has evolved in the context of Fischhoff's stages, considering the impact of digital platforms, participatory methods, and societal change since 1995 that shape risk communication today. Building on contemporary developments and our own experiences, we propose reordering Fischhoff's stages by moving partnership to the start of the communication process. We also revise its language to better reflect inclusive, collaborative, and dialogic approaches. Key themes include the persistence of information deficit models, the ethical responsibilities of communicators, and the tensions between theory and practice in risk communication. We also reflect on a selection of Fischhoff's (1995) conclusions, identifying still-existing, and evolving issues arising 30 years later. We argue that risk communication must be reconceptualized as a relational and political practice: One that respects public agency and centers partnership, rather than serving narrow persuasive aims. Fischhoff's contribution remains inspirational, provocative and instructive. It also challenges risk communicators to think more critically about the field's future and our responsibility to communicate risk ethically, inclusively, and meaningfully.

Assessing and projecting the potential cumulative risks of heavy metal dispersion (PCR-HMD) from lead-zinc mines in China: Impacts of soil water erosion and climate change.

Impact of morphological change of a regulated gravel-bed river on downstream fish habitat following a flood

Health research on climate change has increased substantially in recognition of the impact of climate change on human health. This research raises new ethical questions for health research priority-setting, including how to prioritize research on climate change and health versus other types of health research unrelated to climate change, and how to prioritize among different health research projects focused on climate change. In this paper, we focus on the latter. We consider whether the ethical criteria for health research priority-setting recently proposed by the World Health Organization (WHO) should be used by funders when allocating resources among health research projects focused on climate change. The WHO criteria were developed in response to imbalances around who controls and sets health research agendas and who benefits from them. The four criteria for ethical research priority-setting are optimizing social value, following fair procedures, respecting special obligations and assessing risks. We first show that these criteria are relevant to priority-setting for research on climate change and health because evidence suggests that the above-mentioned imbalances may exist when allocating resources to climate change and health research. We next assess whether the four criteria can help reduce imbalances in who controls and who benefits from resource allocation to such research. Our analyses indicate that the WHO criteria can help if further specifications are included for research on climate change and health. We provide recommendations for how to further specify the criteria.

Impact of climate change on diarrheal diseases: A scoping review

The impact of climate change on the transmission of enteric diseases: A systematic review

The impact of climate change on major migrations in Turkish history (1700 BC-850 AD)

Impact of Climate Change on the Thermal Behavior of Long-Span Suspension Bridges

High-resolution model for assessing the impact of climate change on the outage risk caused by crown snow load in distribution networks

Impact of climate change on agricultural production efficiency in leading agriculture-producing economies: A DEA Malmquist Productivity Index

Study on the impact of tumor volume change and radiation dose on 4D-CT-based lung ventilation function at mid-treatment adaptive radiotherapy in stage III non-small cell lung cancer.

Impact of Holocene marine transgression and climatic changes on the Moros marsh (western Mediterranean, Spain).

Seed germination is highly temperature sensitive, and increasing global temperatures due to climate change are likely to have a strong effect on agriculture. Improved utilisation of indigenous, arid-resilient crops like fonio (Digitaria exilis) are a commonly proposed solution to improving food security in West Africa. This study develops knowledge of fonio germination requirements and relates them to future predicted climate conditions. We use an interdisciplinary methodology, integrating extensive laboratory-based seed germination experiments under a range of temperatures, with niche suitability and future climate modelling, to investigate trends for how cultivation of fonio may be impacted by climate change. By analysing 37 seed accessions from Guinea, Togo, Mali, and Burkina Faso, we estimated the ceiling temperature for germination of this species to be 43°C (SD=±1.6), with an optimum temperature of 36°C (SD=±2.2) - as also noted from phenotypic observations on seedlings. There is no obvious difference in response by accessions originating from either hotter or cooler climates. By comparing these temperature thresholds to future climate predictions, tested alongside suitability modelling, we see a decline of 7.9-10.45% in the future suitable area for fonio cultivation, depending on the prediction method, especially affecting Senegal, Mali, and Burkina Faso. Newly suitable area is predicted to increase in Guinea, Ghana, Cote d'Ivoire, and Nigeria by 5.5%. Our findings provide valuable insight into the physiology and thermal tolerance of fonio seeds, and identify particularly vulnerable agricultural regions in West Africa which will require additional support. This should include developing future dryland agriculture policies, livelihood projects, and resilient crop varieties.

Pressure-induced ossicular alterations in the oim mouse model of brittle bone disease do not cause hearing loss.

Quantifying work patterns of health professionals: A narrative review of studies using the Work Observation Method By Activity Timing (WOMBAT).