Impact Of Violent Conflict Research Articles

Legal identity at the margins: the impact of violent conflict on birth registration in India

ABSTRACT In India, armed groups characterised by a diversity of ideologies and aims have emerged and persisted even in the presence of a fairly strong state. These groups often operate in areas that have long suffered from state neglect. We examine how violent conflict influences patterns of birth registration. State-recognised documents are crucial for establishing legal identity, and accessing citizenship rights. We draw on the 2015–16 National Family and Health Survey to measure civil registration, community and household characteristics. Our conflict data come from the Uppsala Conflict Data Program, which we leverage to describe community exposure to organised violence. Our statistical analysis shows that the likelihood that a child is in possession of a birth certificate is significantly lower in areas affected by violent conflict, even when controlling for other individual and social characteristics associated with marginalisation.

The impact of violent conflict on pharmacy practice in the Middle East

The impact of violent conflict on pharmacy practice in the Middle East

Impact of Violent Conflict on Household Income in Rivers State, Nigeria

This study empirically examined violent conflict and household income in Rivers state, Nigeria with secondary data sourced from various publications of World Bank Nigeria - General Household Survey, Panel 2019-2020, Wave 3 (2020). This study employed descriptive statistics, test and Granger Causality test. The empirical result showed that: the level of household expenditures on food in River State is higher than expenditures on non-food items. The result also showed that there is a bidirectional relationship between household expenditure on food and household expenditure on non-food; and a positive correlation between intensity of armed conflict and household economic in Rivers state. This study concludes that armed conflict is detrimental to household income and welfare in Rivers state. This study recommends that Nigeria president through the security agencies should intervene in the region, and community vigilante groups should be encouraged and collaborate with the government security agencies to establish sustainable peace in the region.

Impact of Violent Conflict on Household Income in Rivers State,Nigeria

Impact of Violent Conflict on Household Income in Rivers State,Nigeria

The Army Wife's Thesaurus: Synonyms for Silence

The Army Wife's Thesaurus:Synonyms for Silence Abby E. Murray (bio) adapt, adapt, adapt; be nice;bless your heart; becometolerant; don't bitch; believe;calm down; carry your weight;deployment isn't easy for any of us;death happens; divorce is yourenemy; don't drink too muchbut talk easily about wine;embrace change but learn to lovethe way it's always been;don't fidget or frown; gofor a hike; host a dress swap,a play date, a luncheon, a spa party;impress the hand that doesnot beat you; join a groupfor mommies; know yourlimits; keep at least six beersin the fridge at all times; listen;look on the bright side; makesome money but not a lot;make friends; measure absenceneither by duration nor intensity;no politics; no religion; nodirty laundry; offer seconds;oppose nothing with too mucheagerness; pause; practiceself-care; pack the perfect picnic;play the game; pass the time;paint with the Colonel's wife;paint stars and stripes; paintyour husband's last name;paint roses and wine glasses;quit smoking; quit jobsthat don't jive with army life; [End Page 165] quote Martha Washington;represent your family; resistanger, depression, and fear;remember you are provided for;stay positive; serve your nation;support your soldier; standfor the anthem, for the colors,for the General, for his flourishes;stay strong; suck it up; stayon post; say you have neverbeen told what to say; taketime off; take entry-level;take a deferment; trust God;thank the Colonel's wife;thrive; trim your homewith decorative weaponssuch as rifles, knives, pistols,tomahawks, and sabers;understand the risks;unpack the kitchen first;use club soda; use vinegar;use essential oil; use tact;update your will; volunteer;visit monuments; don't wastethe time you have together;don't wish your life away;wave to the colonel's wife;wear blue; wear pearls;let xyris and zoysia overtakethe yard; Xanax was madefor us; you got this; yellinto his hanging uniforms;zhuzh your wardrobe (withinreason); try zinc; there area zillion ways to be miserable;try lemon zest in your tea. [End Page 166] Abby E. Murray Abby E. Murray is the editor of Collateral, a literary journal concerned with the impact of violent conflict and military service beyond the combat zone. Her book, Hail and Farewell, won the Perugia Press Poetry Prize and was a finalist for the 2020 Washington State Book Award. She teaches rhetoric in military strategy to Army War College fellows at the University of Washington. After serving as 2019-2021 poet laureate for the city of Tacoma, Washington, she recently relocated to Washington DC, where her spouse works in the Pentagon. Copyright © 2022-2023 Pleiades and Pleiades Press

Impact of violent conflicts and environmental hazards on pastoral sustainable development in Punjab, Pakistan

Impact of violent conflicts and environmental hazards on pastoral sustainable development in Punjab, Pakistan

Women, Intelligence Gathering and Countering Violent Extremism in Nigeria: A Postcolonial Feminist Discourse

ABSTRACT Within the analytic purview of postcolonial feminist theory, this article investigates how women leverage their intelligence-gathering capabilities in Preventing/Countering Violent Extremism (P/CVE) in Nigeria. Although P/CVE is widely perceived as an androcentric project, the threat posed by violent extremism to global peace and security has heightened the clamor for increased involvement of women in the formulation and implementation of peace and security policies in Africa. In 2000, this clamor gained international recognition and support following the adoption of the United Nations Security Council Resolution (UNSCR) 1325 which focuses on Women, Peace and Security (WPS). The resolution acknowledges the disproportionate impact of violent conflict on women and recognizes that women empowerment and gender equality are critical to the attainment of sustainable global peace and security. Notwithstanding, most Euro-American and other global frameworks against women victimization tend to accord the contributions of African women in P/CVE an epiphenomenal consideration. While academic discourses focus more closely on the victim-vanguard narratives of women in relation to terrorism and insurgency, the role of women in intelligence gathering for P/CVE has not received the needed attention in the literature. The universalizing posturing and influence of most global frameworks against women victimization hardly account for the role of African women, with their deep knowledge of their homes, families and communities, as invaluable resource for gathering actionable intelligence crucial for effective P/CVE.

Violence, displacement and democracy in post-conflict societies: evidence from Mali

ABSTRACTThis article examines the political crisis in Mali, 2012–2013, to test the impact of violent conflict on public attitudes to democracy. In post-conflict situations, democracy building depends on interim steps to restore trust among citizens and to address national reconciliation and transitional justice. According to the results of a custom-designed opinion survey, recent experiences of violence and displacement in Mali have undermined both interpersonal and interethnic trust as well as public confidence that elected governments can resolve national conflicts. While internal displacement is frequently accompanied by violence against property, violence against persons increases popular demand for a retributive brand of transitional justice. Nonetheless, the Malian experience suggests that citizens in post-conflict societies – including those displaced from their homes – still yearn to live in a peaceful and unified country and have not abandoned a widespread preference for democracy.

Risking peace in the ‘war against the poor’? Social exclusion and the legacies of the Northern Ireland conflict

Discourses around poverty, dependency and austerity take a particular form regarding Northern Ireland which is seen as ripe for economic ‘rebalancing’ and public sector reduction. The Welfare Reform Act 2012 is pivotal in that it provides the muscle for disciplining claimants for a low-waged, flexible labour market. But the Northern Ireland Assembly has not passed the Act or agreed a budget and the return of Direct Rule beckons as a result. The article sheds light on the stand-off over the Welfare Reform Act using data from the 2012 PSE Survey. It demonstrates that the impact of violent conflict is imprinted on the population in terms of high rates of deprivation, poor physical and mental health, and significant differences between those experiencing little or no conflict, and those with ‘high’ experience. In ignoring these legacies of the conflict, the Westminster government is risking peace in its ‘war against the poor’.

Self-employment and Conflict in Colombia

Many Colombians are confronted with the ongoing conflict that influences their decision making in everyday life, including their behavior in labor markets. This study focuses on the impact of violent conflict on self-employment, enlarging the usual determinants with a set of conflict variables. Our estimation strategy compares three different estimates: one from fixed-effects panel data (OLS-FE), estimates using lagged conflict indicators instead of contemporaneous regressors, and instrumental variables (IV-FE) estimates. Our results show that a one standard deviation increase in net displacement rates increases the rate of self-employment by about 7 percent points. Dividing the self-employed into different sectors (services and agriculture), we find that net displacement increases self-employment in the services sector but has no effect in agriculture that is affected by attacks by rebel and paramilitary groups, instead. Looking at the income of self-employed individuals, an influx of displaced reduces sharply hourly income in the self-employment sector.

Self-Employment and Conflict in Colombia

Many Colombians are confronted with the ongoing conflict that influences their decision making in everyday life, including their behavior in labor markets. This study focuses on the impact of violent conflict on self-employment, enlarging the usual determinants with a set of conflict variables. In order to estimate the effect of conflict on self-employment, we employ fixed effects estimation. Three datasets are combined for estimation: the Familias en Accion dataset delivers information about individuals, a second dataset contains different indicators of the Colombian conflict at the municipality level and the third dataset includes taxes to measure a municipality's economic situation. Our results show that high homicide and displacement rates in the community of origin reduces self-employment, while a high influx of displaced increases the probability of self-employment in the destination municipality.

Self-Employment and Conflict in Colombia

Many Colombians are confronted with the ongoing conflict that influences their decision making in everyday life, including their behavior in labor markets. This study focuses on the impact of violent conflict on self-employment, enlarging the usual determinants with a set of conflict variables. In order to estimate the effect of conflict on self-employment, we employ fixed effects estimation. Three datasets are combined for estimation: the Familias en Accion dataset delivers information about individuals, a second dataset contains different indicators of the Colombian conflict at the municipality level and the third dataset includes taxes to measure a municipality's economic situation. Our results show that high homicide and displacement rates in the community of origin reduces self-employment, while a high influx of displaced increases the probability of self-employment in the destination municipality.

The Impact of Violent Conflict on Child Health: What are the Channels?

Child health during and after violent conflicts has been a priority for both policymakers and academics, as ill-health in early life can be impossible to make up for in later life, and has important effects on education and adult wages. In order for policy interventions to mitigate health impacts, it is essential to understand the channels through which conflict impacts on child health. This briefing uses empirical results of research in Burundi and Rwanda to identify these channels. It outlines the policy implications of these findings, arguing that policymakers should prioritise interventions to rebuild agricultural capacity and improve sanitation conditions and nutrition in displacement camps.

Academic studies amid violent conflict: a study of the impact of ongoing conflict on a student population

This paper explores the impact of violent conflict on undergraduate students. In order to strengthen student resilience during periods of heightened insecurity, teachers and institutions must identify the difficulties that their students may be experiencing. Based on a case study of students in Israel, this paper identifies specific difficulties that students experience during ongoing conflict. Although this study is based on students in Israel, it opens up a broader discussion of the impact of violent conflict on student populations worldwide.

The Impact of Violent Conflicts on Households: What Do We Know and What Should We Know about War Widows?

This paper analyses how mass violent conflict and the legacy of conflict affect households in developing countries. It does so by pointing out how violent conflict impairs a household's core functions, its boundaries, its choice of coping strategies and its well-being. The paper contributes to the literature on the economics of conflict, reconstruction and vulnerability in three ways. First, it addresses explicitly the level of analysis in the context of conflict by contrasting strengths and weaknesses of a unitary approach to the household and extending it to intra-household and group issues. Second, it identifies important research gaps in this field. Third, it highlights the economic situation of war widows in conflict-affected countries and discusses a case study of widows of the Rwandan genocide.

Drivers of violent conflict

At the launch, held in the CabinetWar Rooms, the then Secretary of State for InternationalDevelopment, Hilary Benn, outlined the links between theprevention of violent conflict and the alleviation of poverty,international security and protection of basic human rightsfor all.The impact of violent conflict on health is evident. Incountries affected by conflict, health systems are destroyedand take years to regenerate. The effects of the conflict andensuing poverty are demonstrable across indicators such asmaternal and child mortality rates, nutrition and infectiousdiseases. Displaced populations suffer high rates ofmortality, particularly in the early stages of displacement;communicable diseases and psychological distress arecommonplace, as are injuries from antipersonnel mines,firearms and other violent acts. Understanding the causes ofviolent conflict and working towards prevention is animportant part of promoting health at a global level.

Drivers of violent conflict

At the launch, held in the CabinetWar Rooms, the then Secretary of State for InternationalDevelopment, Hilary Benn, outlined the links between theprevention of violent conflict and the alleviation of poverty,international security and protection of basic human rightsfor all.The impact of violent conflict on health is evident. Incountries affected by conflict, health systems are destroyedand take years to regenerate. The effects of the conflict andensuing poverty are demonstrable across indicators such asmaternal and child mortality rates, nutrition and infectiousdiseases. Displaced populations suffer high rates ofmortality, particularly in the early stages of displacement;communicable diseases and psychological distress arecommonplace, as are injuries from antipersonnel mines,firearms and other violent acts. Understanding the causes ofviolent conflict and working towards prevention is animportant part of promoting health at a global level.