ABSTRACT This study investigates the impact of technological change on unemployment in China’s labour market based on a recent panel data of 283 prefectural-level cities from 2010 to 2017. The results obtained by the system Generalized Method of Moments (GMM-SYS) estimation show that massive adoption of robots is a significant driving force raising unemployment rate while there is a reverse change in the longer period; the insignificant estimates of utility patent and its lagged terms indicate the weak and non-persistent relationship between unemployment and patent-related innovation.

This paper explores the development of the Teacher-Librarianship by Distance Learning Program at the University of Alberta in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. It explores the development of the program from 1997 onwards, discusses the challenges and opportunities of Learning Management Systems, and explores key changes in the program over time. One key change has been the impact of technological changes and advances on teaching and learning. Participatory Culture and Connectivism are explained and the implications for this program are discussed. The authors understandings of teaching and learning in online environments have changed over the past 15 years. Key lessons learned and future plans are also highlighted.

Different sources of risk factors can occur in sustainable supply chain management due to its complex nature. The telecommunication service firm cannot implement multiple improvement practices altogether to overcome the risk factors with limited resources. The industries should evaluate the relationship between risk factors and explore the determinants of improvement measures. The purpose of the present study is to identify and analyze critical risk factors (CRFs) for enhancing sustainable supply chain management practices in the Indian telecommunication industry using interpretive structural modelling (ISM). Risk factors are identified through a literature survey, and then with the help of experts, nine CRFs are identified using a fuzzy Delphi method (FDM). The relationship among these CRFs has been analyzed using ISM, and the driving and the dependence power of those CRFs are analyzed. Results indicate that both “government policies (laws and regulations)” and “the impact of rapid change in technology” are independent or key factors that affect the sustainability of the telecommunications supply chain. In addition, results provide significant managerial implications, including enhanced sustainability, and the government should build justice, fairness, open laws, certainties, and regulations to prevent risk in the telecommunications industry supply chain; service providers should monitor the rapidly evolving technologies and focus on technical learning and organizational capacity development to overcome the impact of technological changes. The contribution of this study is using a novel approach to establish a hierarchical structural model for an effective understanding of CRFs relationships and to explore decisive risk factors that can help telecom service providers to better plan and design effective improvement strategies to enhance sustainability supply chain management.

Technology and the Task Content of Jobs Across the Development Spectrum

The article examines the impact of technological changes on the risks of military clashes between states. Currently, experts express increasing concerns about the destabilizing effect of new weapons (including anti-missile and anti-satellite weapons, hypersonic missiles, autonomous lethal systems, and artificial intelligence). These assessments are rarely based on solid theoretical foundations. The author seeks to fill this gap, arguing that the emergence of new weapons has a negative impact on international stability, and this effect is weakly related to the specific characteristics of underline technologies. The theory of technological uncertainty offers an alternative to the offense-defense balance theory. The latter developed since the 1970s, but its validity is questionable. The theory of technological uncertainty attributes the destabilizing effect of weapons to the divergence of states' perceptions of the balance of powers, to the hyped expectations regarding the ability to compensate quantitative limitations with qualitative superiority, to the alarmistic sense of closing windows of opportunities and growing vulnerabilities. The article tests the theory against the historical record of military clashes in Europe from the end of the 18th to the middle of the 20th centuries, as well as the crises between superpowers during the Cold War. The empirical cases are selected in order to cover the period marked by the intensification of qualitative arms races between states. In addition, it is also the period most often used to substantiate the offense-defense balance theory. The history of the last two and a half centuries provides a solid foundation for the theory of technological uncertainty. All instances of large-scale military clashes were preceded by significant technological changes, while peace fell on periods of technological stagnation. The author addresses the policy implications of the theory for the discussions on emerging weapons in the 2010s and 2020s. The study confirms that concerns regarding their destabilizing effect are justified, but for the different reasons from those put forward by most analysts. A somewhat optimistic caveat to its conclusions is the fact that currently emerging weapons are at various stages of development. The greatest likelihood of military clashes corresponds to the overlap of several technological uncertainties. Therefore, an increase in the time lag between introduction of various arms can mitigate destabilizing effect.

Equity financing is an important part of corporate capital structure decision-making. The level of financing efficiency is of great significance to the survival and development of Listed Companies in strategic emerging industries. In order to measure the equity financing efficiency of Listed Companies in strategic emerging industries, this paper uses data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to measure and study, taking 208 listed companies of strategic emerging industries as samples, through three input indicators. The paper calculates the DEA evaluation value of each decision-making unit from 2014 to 2018, and analyzes the efficiency of equity financing in different years and the comparative analysis among seven industries. The conclusion of this paper is: according to DEA–BCC model, the equity financing efficiency of Listed Companies in strategic emerging industries is generally low, mainly distributed in the lower efficiency range, pure technical efficiency and scale efficiency are mostly distributed in the higher efficiency range every year, most of the returns to scale are decreasing, and the equity financing efficiency exists unbalanced development among industries. According to DEA Malmquist model, the total factor productivity of seven strategic emerging industries tends to decline, the highest is new energy vehicles, which is 0.985, and the lowest is energy conservation and environmental protection, which is 0.951. The impact of technological change will be greater, followed by the change of scale efficiency. We should constantly improve the internal management level of the company, carry out technological innovation, select the correct financing channels, and coordinate the use of funds to create the maximum value.

Manufacturing industries are one of the most prosperous industries in the 21st century. No economy can continue its life without manufacturing industries. Therefore, evaluation the performance of firms is one of the most important issues of investors, creditors, governments and managers. In this regard, the main purpose of this study is to investigate the impact of technology changes in the relationship between lean manufacturing and the performance of manufacturing firms in Terengganu province. The research method is correlation and statistical population is all active companies in industrial towns of Terengganu province. The sampling method is convenience non-probability sampling. The sample includes 209 manufacturing firms. After collecting data by standard questionnaires, structural equation modeling technique with partial least squares approach was used to evaluate the relationships between variables. Totally data were analyzed by SPSS and PLS software. The result of the research hypotheses indicates the positive impact of cooperating with supplier and customer relationship management on the performance of firm's lean manufacturing. The positive impact of performance of lean manufacturing on the financial and non-financial performance of the firm was confirmed. The moderating role of technology changes in the relationship between the performance of lean manufacturing and firm's financial performance was confirmed. In addition, the moderating of technology changes in the relationship between the performance of lean manufacturing and non-financial performance of the firm was confirmed.

What is the future of work? A science mapping analysis

Abstract This paper aims to show how the frequently asked question about the future of work, that is, whether human beings are going to be replaced by machines and robots, arose, and why the way such question is posed is inadequate to account for the human and social value of care professions. We discuss how the dimensions entailed in care professions are specifically human and argue that any kind of human work actually reflects them (and will reflect them in the future), irrespective of the impact of technological changes. The present argument also aims to unveil the extent of the effects of the postmodern epistemological crisis regarding the concept of work, to reformulate the question about the future of human work, and to offer a characterization of care as a specific component of human work in the age of machines.

Is Fear of Robots Stealing Jobs Haunting European Workers? A Multilevel Study of Automation Insecurity in the EU

The study presented in this article is inscribed in the ambit of investigations about the impact of technological changes on the schooling practice mainly undertaken for the presence of the computer and internet on social life of human beings, especially in portuguese language teaching on fundametal and middle levels. Guided by that comprehension, This article was elaborated starting from that following reserch question: Wich ditactic-pedagogical objectives underlie to technological resources in teaching activities at school pratice? To answer this question, we will take action to identify the didactic-pedagogical objectives of resources on school pratice and analyze the teaching activities that use them in classes of portuguese language curriculum component. In ambit of contemporary studies of scientifc divulgation mainly produced for Applied and Didactic Linguistics areas (Critical-Social of Contents), we conduct the research with observation in two of public schools of Basic Education of a town in the interior of Paraiba with support of the theoretical conceptions of social pratice (BOURDIEU, 1977; GIDDENS (2009 [1984]) school (RAFAEL, 2018), activities (LEONTIEV, 1983) of teaching (MATENCIO, 2001) and resources (SANT'ANNA E SANT'ANNA, 2004) technologicals (KENSKI, 2012) in accordance with nacional orientations (PCN, 1998; BNCC, 2018) for the teaching of portuguese language on Brazil. As results, we could observing in functioning of school pratice of teaching (altogether) of portuguese language (specifically) that technological resources are use whit function, purpose or objective didactic-pedagogical of motivating and facilitating the teaching-learning process of reference contents express by the via of didactic-school curriculum. Key words: School pratice; Teaching activities; Technological resources.

Purpose-The aim of the study is to determine the impact of technological changes on age-based airport security personnel.Due to its strategic importance, airports have the potential to attract danger.There have been terrorist attacks at airports since the early years of aviation.Security control processes have been developed and implemented at airports since the 1970s.The airport security processes vary depending on the threat profiles.With the September 11, 2001 twin tower attacks, the world's aviation security processes have completely changed.Over the last decade, changes in the threat profile have occurred.The main purpose of aviation is to provide service to passengers by creating space and time benefits.The balance of passengers' comfort and safety to be maintained by air depends on the type of threats and the technology used in security.For this reason, large investments are made in the development of security technology at airports.Methodology-28-item questionnaire was applied to the airport security officers over the internet.276 security personnel working in airports participated in the study.Age-based analysis was performed using chi-square analysis.In this process, small-scale, relatively simple security systems at the airports, large-scale, high-tech systems were introduced.New technological systems are digital, networked, software oriented and mobile solutions.Although there is a rapid change in airport security technologies, the security personnel and the human element using the technology remain the same.Considering that human factor is the user of technology, the attitude of individuals towards technology is effective in ensuring airport security.Technological change has had a significant impact on the attitudes, behaviors and mental structure of the employees.Technological change causes many psychological effects such as monotony, boredom, fatigue, stress and anxiety.Findings-In the survey conducted to evaluate the approach of airport security personnel to technological change, 67% of security personnel were exposed to technological changes.The respondents defined technology as convenience and convenience (37%), innovation (36.6%) and efficiency (15.2%).Airport security personnel preferred to provide training and courses on the technology to be applied (48.6%) for the adoption of the new technology and 51.4% stated that they adopted the latest technological development applied in airport security in 7 days and under 6 days.59.8% of the respondents stated that the technological change in airport security brought about an increase in the level of security.Conclusion-As a result of findings, it can be said that the management of technological change is important for organizations.Ensuring security at airports is important in terms of minimizing the psychological, social, economic and physical impacts of technology on security personnel due to the key human factor.Training of security personnel before the technological change to be applied increases the interaction between technology and individual and contributes to the personnel to make appropriate decisions because it recognizes the technology.

Abstract This essay is addressed to discrepancies between musical and political time. It uses the death of Hugh Masekela to consider the changing pattern of intergenerational relationships and the place of music within local and transnational freedom movements. The impact of technological change on the mediation of political solidarity is then examined through two principal examples: the elaboration of generic racial identity and the weaponization of culture and information by the alt-right and its fellow travelers.

The primary goal of Chinese agricultural development is to guarantee national food security and the supply of major agricultural products. Hence, the improvement of agricultural technology plays a vital role in China for economic development. Technological change in agricultural sector results in higher future economic growth as well as food security, both in food consumption and availability. By constructing China’s agriculture general equilibrium model (CGE), this paper explains the impact of agricultural technology change. This paper constructs a dynamic CGE model based on CHINAGEM model for analyzing the technology increase in China Agricultural sector and then describes the construction of database and policy scenario. Model such as Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model is used to conduct analysis of the economy-wide impacts of new agricultural technologies in China. In the general equilibrium model, some external variables are established; any part of structural changes caused by its exogenous variables can affect the entire system, resulting in general changes of goods, prices and quantity of factor. Simulation result of this paper indicates the agriculture sector output increases respectively; employment decreases; production cost decreases; and investment increases. Finally this paper describes the effects of the policy of technology changes by comparing policy scenario to baseline scenario and explains the impact of technology changes in China economy using CHINAGEM model.

InsightT he construction industry has been struggling for decades with lagging productivity.Even now, its track record is nothing to brag about.We hear a lot these days about the impact of changes in technology on construction productivity, but another emerging trend is Lean Design and Construction.Lean thinking, as applied to the built environment, creates highly collaborative teams with expertise in creative problem solving.They generate greater value, and they learn to see and eliminate waste.They work together as never before to promote continuous improvement, with often dramatic improvements in cost and schedule.

The paper provides, a cliometric analysis on the impact of steam engine technology on the rise of adult education in nineteenth-century France. We exploit exogenous regional variations in the distribution of steam engines across France to evidence that technological change significantly contributed to the development of lifelong training during the 1850–1881 period. Our research shows that steam technology adoption in France was not deskilling. We argue that this process raised the demand for new skills adapted to the development of French industries.

The banking industry is vibrant and provides many resources to both public and private entities. Its existence primarily facilitates the movement of funds from companies and individuals who patronise its activities. With the aim of meeting this primary requirement, the banking institution makes money from the charges levied on clients who demand its services. Notwithstanding the importance of banking activities, the change in technology has brought more competition to the industry. The challenges faced by the industry have resulted in many banking institutions folding up as a result of non-compliance with rules set up by regulators. For this reason, the research investigates the causes of the inability of banks to meet the requirements laid down by regulators. The study indicates that the banking industry is often slow in the adaptation of new processes due to its peculiar culture. However, the inability to quickly adapt to changes in the fast-paced world of changing technology is impacting negatively on the operations of the traditional banking industry. The study identifies some of the current changes such as cryptocurrency, mobile money and the impact they have had on the banking industry. The study recommends the need for the banking industry to quickly adapt to the current changes so as to be competitive in the industry.

New technologies are increasingly appearing to assist people in all areas. In the footwear industry it would not be different, where the industry 4.0 or fourth industrial revolution characterizes the current moment. This research examined how the managers of some sandal factories in the Cariri Region are realizing the changes and technological advances of industry 4.0 as a source of competitive advantage. A field research of a basic nature, with a qualitative and descriptive approach, where interviews were applied with the managers of sandal factories in the Region of Cariri, chosen for convenience and judgment of the researcher. The study is relevant due to the existence of great changes that have been taking place within the companies along with new technologies that are emerging, but it is not known how managers receive these changes and use them to benefit the company and in the search for a differential for competitive advantage in the market. At the end of the research it was possible to conclude that from the reality of each manager and company the way they receive and use the technologies of the fourth industrial revolution changes, and the lack of knowledge, structure, and money in the smaller companies makes the potential use competitive advantage is not so much taken advantage of.

Impact of technology changes on the identification and testing of abnormally fertilized embryos

Weaknesses in investor control over their investments and in warehousing systemic risk in modern Financial Market Infrastructure (FMI) are the result of a combination of market failures and of structural flaws deeply ingrained in modern financial markets. Yet the utility of complex FMI comprising long custodial chains and large global Central Counterparties (CCPs) for the operation of modern markets is not seriously disputed. The change in the technology paradigm with the introduction of DLT systems for securities and derivatives FMI can increase investor control, the efficiency of risk management and, to some extent, augment the distribution of systemic risk. It can thus create a more diverse and resilient financial ecosystem. This cross-disciplinary paper identifies a multitude of reasons that favour a paradigm shift in FMI technology. It also sketches a comprehensive blockchain-based framework for the development of permission-based platforms for derivatives clearing and settlement and the handling of liquidity shortages within DLT systems. Arguably, the impact of technological change should lead to a reduction of industry rents for the benefit of end investors and of the end users of finance (entrepreneurs and businesses) enhancing market welfare. Therefore, the use of blockchain technology in FMI can transform the structure and future direction of the financial services industry as a whole.