Decline Of Ideology Research Articles

The ideological decline of Brazilian economic thought in the context of the business-military dictatorship and the crisis in the diffusion of Marxist criticism

This article aims to describe the process of ideologization of brazilian economic thought initiated by the offensive of the business-military dictatorship and which has materialized today both in stricto sensu neoliberalism and in its variants, such as the case of the so-called neodevelopmentalism, as well as pointing out the challenges of marxism to consolidate itself as the positive overcoming of the Brazilian Political Economy.

Islamic Culture in an Era of Religious Resurgence and Ideological Decline

Objectives: This study delves into the major obstacles that Islamic culture encountered across various historical eras, analysing how it successfully addressed them by engaging with the Quran and the Sunna while fostering a thorough and accurate understanding of these timeless sources. It explores how this engagement, a distinguishing feature of the adherents of the Sunni tradition (Ahl al-Sunna wal-Jamāʿa, i.e. those who follow the Quran & the Prophet's teachings), resulted in the isolation of deviant sects with political or ideological inclinations, especially the most dangerous among them, the Bāṭiniyya sect, which manifested itself as populism and heresy, combating Islam as it spread across the lands, toppling thrones, kingdoms, and empires. Methodology: The author employed a descriptive method while adopting an analytical deductive approach to identify the most dangerous challenges Islamic culture faces from within. Results: One of the most significant findings of this study is how to safeguard the beliefs and the practical application of Islam in daily life, protecting them from falling into the abyss of a distorted Islam or the "Islam of Harm." This harmful version of Islam has always found its supporters among secularists, idolaters and infidels, ever united in their struggle to defeat it. Originality: This study's authenticity, depth, and precise diagnostic qualities are in harmony with the ground-breaking evolution of the Islamic Culture course at Qatar University.

Decline of Ideology and Rise of Political Pragmatism Among Kiai in Post-Authoritarian Indonesia

This article discusses the significant role of pesantren in Indonesian politics. Pesantren institutions substantially influence shaping political perspectives, recruiting leaders, and organizing communities. During the New Order era, some pesantren supported the government to maintain political stability, while others were involved in Islamic political movements opposing the regime. Following the political reform in 1998, pesantren became more actively engaged in practical politics by supporting specific candidates or political parties and promoting Islamic values in political discourse. The research employs a qualitative method, analyzing relevant documents and literature and discussing the history of pesantren in Indonesian politics. It highlights the phenomenon of political pragmatism among kiai (Islamic scholars) and its impact on political dynamics. Pesantren and Kiai are central in shaping political perspectives, mobilizing the masses, and influencing policy-making.

‘It’s a war on Israel’s liberal democracy’: the Israeli left as a moral panic community, 2015-19

ABSTRACT This article examines the discourse of the Israeli Left in the years preceding the succession of general elections in 2019–21, with a focus on claims of the purported threats to democracy presented by the right-wing government. Rhetorical analysis of opinion pieces and political commentary in the press on issues relating to education, science, and culture shows recurrent use of appeals to fear – such as comparisons with totalitarian regimes and invocation of other dystopian spectres resulting from nationalist indoctrination and processes of ‘religionization’. This article defines the appeal to fear and other forms of the Left’s identity claims making during this period as moral panic discourse, around which the Left sought to revive its relevance in the public debate at a time when it was viewed as a marginal political force in ideological decline. The article’s main argument is that while the labelling of the Right as a ‘danger to democracy’ has been entrenched in leftist discourse since the 1977 ‘Upheaval’, during the period in discussion it became the principal – almost sole – theme in leftist publicist discourse, serving as a flag issue around which the Left reorganised its identity as the ‘democratic camp’.

Introductory Remarks on Ideology and Sociology

The main contention of this paper is that the eventual decline of ideology would pave the way to personalism and piece-meal policy-making. In this respect, sociology should analyze the process of social evolution while the ideological goals tend to concentrate on the middle-range and distant future.

RAZVOJ NARKO-TERORIZMA KROZ PRIZMU MORFOGENETSKE TEORIJE – STUDIJA SLUČAJA FARK-A

The subject of this paper is the development of narco-terrorism before and after the Cold War. It is noticed that many terrorist groups have intensified their activities in organized crime, and especially in drug trafficking after the 1990s, one of which was the Colombian insurgent group FARC. In the paper, we will try to prove the hypothesis that criminal activities of terrorist groups rise as their ideological basis become weaker and that it is a rational choice which terrorist groups make to survive. We will try to offer the answer by analyzing the development of FARC, and by using a morphogenetic approach. This theory is based on critical realism and therefore it acknowledges the equal importance to the structure and actors and it allows us to track their interaction through time. That is why we think that it is most suitable for the analysis of complex and dynamic occurrences like narco-terrorism. At the beginning of the paper, we present a literature review with different conceptions of narco-terrorism, after which we highlight the main presumptions and advantages of morphogenetic theory. At the end of the paper, the author will offer her analysis of the development of FARC through a morphogenetic approach and will review the main factors that caused its intensified involvement in drug trafficking from the 1990s, like the decline of ideology in the group and the international arena, but also the fight for survival in the hostile environment of class war in Colombia.

WORLD WAR I AND ITS REFLECTION IN SIMBIRSK AND SAMARA EPARCHIAL JOURNALS OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH

The article examines the publishing activities of the provincial journals «Simbirsk Eparchial Bulletin and «Samara Eparchial Bulletin» during the world war of 1914–1917. In their periodicals, Church editors and journalists tried to support the sense of patriotism in the society and to justify Russia’s role and mission in the war against the «Teutonic hordes». Also by 1916, social problems and ideological decline of the Russian monarchy are traced the journals. The author has implemented a detailed scientific analysis of previously formed knowledge and scientific approach in order to identify knowledge about the editorial and publishing policy of the Russian Orthodox Church during the war. In his scientific research, the author was guided by the historical method or, as it is formulated in another way, the principle of historicism. When conducting this research, the author relied primarily on special historical and general historical methods. The reliability of the research is conditioned by the use of real archival periodicals published in 1914–1917. The article is highly topical because using specific examples the author shows the information capabilities of the Church periodical press in war conditions.

The Social Democratic Populist Party: Revisiting the Recent Past of Social Democracy in Turkey

This study aims to examine the case of the Social Democratic Populist Party (Sosyaldemokrat Halkçı Parti – SHP) that functioned as the major representative of the social democratic ideology in Turkey under highly extraordinary conditions of the post-1980 coup political atmosphere until 1995. Realizing the necessity of taking this critically important phase in the evolution of Turkish social democratic thought into account, the major argument of this paper is that even if the SHP spent a remarkable amount of effort for achieving its ultimate target of evolving into a European-style, ‘genuine’ social democratic party, it ultimately failed to reach this end due to three interrelated factors, such as changing political realities in the domestic and European contexts during the 1980s, the intra-party turmoil within the SHP, and the poor performance of the SHP in power. In relation to this core argument, the ideological decline of the SHP is claimed to have a direct impact on the successive electoral defeats and ideological drifts of the CHP, as its successor, in the following years.

A Gramscian Conjuncture in Latin America? Reflections on Violence, Hegemony, and Geographical Difference

AbstractThis article addresses whether the concepts of Antonio Gramsci still “travel” to Latin America. During the 20th century, Gramsci was one of the most important social theorists invoked to understand forms of social order in Latin America, as well as providing resources to reflect upon subaltern culture, resistance and the construction of alternatives. However, over the past two decades there have been several theoretical and practical challenges to the hegemony of Gramsci. These challenges are multifarious, but can be reduced to several important contentions that are explored in this article. These include the enduring role of violence, the alleged decline of ideology and finally the challenge of state‐centrism in the face of geographical difference. In the current regional conjuncture, marked by the return to power of right‐wing social forces, I therefore examine whether Gramscian concepts are still apposite for understanding the political economy of Latin America in the 21st century.

Shukri Al-Mabkhout. The Italian. (Beirut: Al-Tanweer, 2014). 344 pp. ISBN 9789938886481 Reviewed by Chamseddine Mnasri. Email: cmnasri@squ.edu.om

Book Review| June 02 2019 Book Review: The Italian by Shukri Al-Mabkhout Shukri Al-Mabkhout. The Italian. (Beirut: Al-Tanweer, 2014). 344 pp. ISBN 9789938886481 Chamseddine Mnasri Chamseddine Mnasri Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Reviewed by Chamseddine Mnasri. Email: cmnasri@squ.edu.om Contemporary Arab Affairs (2019) 12 (2): 169–170. https://doi.org/10.1525/caa.2019.122008 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Chamseddine Mnasri; Book Review: The Italian by Shukri Al-Mabkhout. Contemporary Arab Affairs 2 June 2019; 12 (2): 169–170. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/caa.2019.122008 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentContemporary Arab Affairs Search Shukri Al-Mabkhout’s first novel The Italian is a political narrative par excellence. A linguist by profession, Al-Mabkhout ventures into Tunisian contemporary political history via the Marxist militant Abdennaser (nicknamed “the Italian”), a controversial character that won him the 2015 Booker Prize for Arabic Literature. Abdennaser is a self-deceptive Tunisian Marxist who starts off his journey as a hard-nosed activist in the leftist General Union of Tunisian Students (UGET), and later an influential member in the Tunisian Communist Party (PCT). Owing to the changing political climate after the 1987 November coup against President Habib Bourguiba, he suffers both moral and ideological decline. Al-Mabkhout enmeshes Abdennaser in a morass of incidents that reveal the inability of Marxism–Leninism to keep its ideological promises. Abdennaser is an ardent defender of the proletarian cause during the 1970s and 1980s, but due to financial hardship and marriage difficulties, he decides to serve the Ben Ali oligarchy.... You do not currently have access to this content.

Сфера естетичного у філософських та інтелектуальних рефлексіях ХХ сторіччя

The article is devoted to the consideration of the aesthetical and the philosophical in intellectual reflections of the twentieth century. The material for the study were conceptions of such characteristic figures of modernism and postmodernism as W. Benjamin and J.-F. Lyotard. The task of the work was the analysis of modern and postmodern discourses and identification of their intertwining and intercollision. Benjamin articulated main modernist tendencies in his writings. For him the sociological approach and the consideration of the subject of art and artistic activity in all manifestations were basic everywhere in analysis of art. Instead of these postmodern art reflects itself as an antisocial practice in the context of it by the "decline of metanorations", the decline of ideology, the rejection of the general theoretical position, Modernism cuts off idea of any connection with the past. The principle condition on creativity for modernists was innovation and originality. Benjamin demonstrates such a level of decadence of the moderating guidelines in relation to the tradition. But for him Interest in historicity, games with citations in his books and writings are closed him to postmodernist positions and directions. Postmodernism, in relation to the past, is based on the paradigmic guideline that "everything was already there," everything has already happened both as an event and in an interpretive sense.

Modern Authoritarianism and Political Ideology

This article analyses the ideologies of authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes. The analysis is carried out in three clusters: “rudimentary” authoritarian regimes, post-colonial dictatorships, neo-authoritarian regimes. The first cluster is subdivided into two subgroups: authoritarian monarchies and “communist regimes”. The regimes in the third cluster are also subdivided into two subgroups: post-Soviet regimes and neo-authoritarian regimes in Africa, Asia and Latin America. In an age of the decline of ideologies on a global scale, authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes, as before, need political ideologies to legitimise their power. However in the contemporary epoch which sets authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes new and much more complicated challenges, these regimes are forced to use more flexibility ideologies in order to adapt to the rapidly changing world. Ideologies of such regimes lose their former integrity and become “multi-layer”, eclectic. “Non-ideological” elements such as corruption have become a part of the ideologies of neo-authoritarian regimes. But herewith priority of the state as the highest value remains “the bearing structure” of the political ideologies of all authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes. Despite the official protection of human rights and liberties by neo-authoritarian regimes, this occupies a secondary and subordinate place in the ideological hierarchy and political practice of these regimes.

Современный авторитаризм и политическая идеология

Ideologies of authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes are analyzed in the article.The analysis is carried out in three clusters: “rudimentary” authoritarian regimes, post-colonialdictatorships, neo-authoritarian regimes. Within the first cluster regimes are subdivided into twosubgroups: authoritarian monarchies and “communist regimes”. The regimes united in the third clusterare also subdivided into two subgroups: post-Soviet regimes and neo-authoritarian regimes in Africa,Asia and Latin America. It is noted that in the age of decline of ideologies on a global scale authoritarianand neo-authoritarian regimes as before need political ideologies for legitimacy of their power. However,in contemporary epoch which sets authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes before new and muchmore complicated challenges they are forced to use more flexibility in ideological issues in order to adaptthemselves to the rapidly changing world. Ideologies of such regimes lose former integrity and become“multi-layer”, eclectic. Such “non-ideological” element as corruption becomes a part of ideologiesof neo-authoritarian regimes. But herewith priority of the state as the highest value remains “bearingstructure” of political ideologies of all authoritarian and neo-authoritarian regimes. The human being,protection of its rights and liberties are recognized by neo-authoritarian regimes as values that occupy secondary and subordinate place in ideological hierarchy and political practice of these regimes.

Winning and Losing in the Modern Era: Identity, Mobilisation, and Empowerment in Southeast Asia

AbstractIn Southeast Asia as elsewhere, shifts in global, regional, and domestic politics and economies benefit some and disadvantage others. Overall, those individuals and groups defined by their subordinated position in the emerging political economy are at a disadvantage. Moreover, the decline of ideology, particularly with the seemingly hegemonic advance of neoliberalism, has limited space for challenge along those lines. Rather than assume, however, that it is merely the wealthiest ‘one per cent’ whoareadvantaged and empowered in this evolving system, we can weigh what resources and alliances are available to whom. Members of newly-formed categories may benefit from the shifting tides, regardless of class or structural position, for instance given their alignment with prevailing norms or frames, or their access to new media and transnational advocacy networks. Some of those most disadvantaged by the shifting economic context, on the other hand, may be doubly disempowered, as they face added hurdles to identity-building and collective action. This article explores new regimes of domination and resistance from below, focusing on why particular collective identities gain salience at particular moments and what determines which movements or claims take off or fail to thrive.

Ideological Quietism? Ideology and Party Politics in Britain

Ideology and political parties are frequently depicted as disparate entities, with scholars citing a range of exogenous and endogenous changes to demonstrate the decreasing relevance of ideology to party politics. This article moves away from such accounts by looking at the role of actors, and specifically party leaders, in contributing to perceptions of ideological decline. Through an examination of the rhetoric of Labour and Conservative Party leaders in Britain between 1946 and 1997, this article contends that politicians have engaged in, what is termed here, ‘ideological quietism’. In this sense, parties have not abandoned ideology but have made rhetorical shifts indicative of ideological decline.

The crisis of liberal peacebuilding and the future of statebuilding

The perception that liberal peacebuilding is in ideological decline has prompted some observers to argue that a reduction in the willingness of the world’s major governments and international organisations to engage in statebuilding will follow. It is argued that such arguments are misconceived because they locate statebuilding in the narrow context of peace operations. The nature of, and impetus for, contemporary statebuilding is only explicable when viewed against the backdrop of long-term historical processes emanating from the intervening states, leading to the emergence of regulatory forms of statehood and associated risk management rationalities. Statebuilding interventions further facilitate state transformation within both intervened and intervening states. The future of statebuilding is therefore the future of statehood. As the conditions that have given rise to statebuilding remain in place, it is likely to outlast the apparent decline of liberal peacebuilding.

A Very Peculiar Revolution: Britain's Politics and Constitution, 1970–2011

Britain's constitution has changed dramatically over the past forty years in which the author has been involved in national politics: devolution, the supremacy of EU law, the greater willingness of the judiciary to intervene in political issues and new human rights legislation. However these changes have been essentially random, argues David Lipsey, lacking any binding theme. These changes continue under the new coalition government. However the even greater changes to British politics have essentially a single source: the dramatic change in social class in Britain and its impact on electoral politics—for example the rise of the media and the decline of ideology

Latin America and the Collapsing Ideological Supports of Neoliberalism

A selective examination of empirical cases is used to explore the incipient conditions of ideological breakdown in Latin American neoliberalism. The context of neoliberal consolidation is reviewed and the ideological supports for neoliberalism through the educational system and mass media are treated in a political context. Discussion then turns to the role of ideology in popular challenges to neoliberal domination where the need for further theorizing is identified. A preliminary conceptualization of the ideological decline of neoliberalism is proposed in order to begin charting a path towards a post-neoliberal alternative in Latin America, one that can genuinely address the region’s development needs.

The notion of ‘ideology’ in the ideological struggles of 20th-century Spain

The aim of the article is to provide an outline of the debates regarding the concept of ideology which took place in Spain throughout the 20th century. Beyond the arguments common to all Europe, some peculiarities of these debates in the peninsular context stem from the fact that Spanish society had to confront such traumatic collective experiences as the civil war 1936–1939 and the long dictatorship which followed. After Franco's death and the transition to democracy, the polemic uses of the word ideology—a term which in most cases tends to have negative connotations—occur in a very different context, in which the alleged decline of ideologies and the generalised discredit of these structures of thought have proved strangely compatible with the calls from certain sectors of the left for a new ideological rearmament and even with renewed academic interest in the study of political ideologies.

Das Ende der Ideologien und der amerikanische Sonderweg

ZfP Zeitschrift für Politik , Seite 292 - 314