Identity Status Research Articles

Social judgement of defensive and secure social identities among advantaged and disadvantaged groups

This research integrates social judgement and social identity theories to examine evaluations of defensive (narcissistic) and secure social identity (vs. lack of identification) expressed by targets with varying group statuses (advantaged vs. disadvantaged). Across three studies (total N = 2,915), we manipulated target group status and forms of identity. In socioeconomic groups (Study 1), an advantaged target with a defensive identity was deemed assertive, while a disadvantaged counterpart was perceived as moral. Unexpectedly, in ethnocultural groups (Studies 2–3), the disadvantaged target expressing a defensive identity was judged equally or more assertive than the advantaged target. Notably, defensive identity from a disadvantaged target consistently garnered higher moral judgement than from an advantaged target. These results highlight that defensive identity can receive positive evaluations and confer elevated status. Nonetheless, we observed differential evaluation strategies depending on intergroup settings, suggesting system justification in socioeconomic groups versus ingroup favouritism in U.S. ethnic groups.

Interpretation of de novo mutations (DNM) and genetic counseling for sporadic hearing loss based on family trio-based sequencing.

De novo mutations (DNMs) are significant genetic factors contributing to sporadic hearing loss (HL) and complex HL syndromes. To analyze the genetic counseling characteristics and interpretation of pathogenic DNMs for sporadic HL, we retrospectively analyze the clinical information of probands and their parents from 410 sporadic HL core pedigrees enrolled in the "Chinese Deafness Genome Project (CDGP)" between October 2015 and October 2023. We apply family trio-based genome sequencing (targeted gene capture and high throughput sequencing, mitochondrial genome sequencing, and copy number variants analysis) and validate the samples of their unaffected-parents. Homologous allele sequencing is used to identity by descent (IBD) in the DNM family trios. The results reveal that 7.3% (30 cases) of the probands in these sporadic hearing loss core pedigrees carry 17 types of autosomal dominant gene de novo single nucleotide variants (SNVs), insertions/deletions (Indels), and one type of de novo copy number variation, encompassing all types of DNM. Among them, WFS1 c.2051C>T, ATP1A3 c.2452G>A, and ACTG1 c.94C>T are common DNM in sporadic HL. The genotype C>T transversion exhibit a high number (34.6%). Clinical feature analyses also show that 56.7% (17/30) of the probands have non-syndromic HL, but more than half of them (52.9%, 9/17) carry pathogenic genotypes clearly associated with "syndromic HL", possibly exhibiting temporary "mimic" non-syndromic HL phenotypic characteristics. The average parental ages at childbirth for the 30 probands are 29.4 years for fathers and 28.3 years for mothers, with 13.3% of fathers or mothers aged ≥35 years. Additionally, among the family structure of the proband of genetic counseling, 63.3% are single-child families with a clear desire for another child, and 16.7% of the probands' parents seek prenatal genetic counseling for conceiving a "second child". During genetic counseling, it is essential to test the "family proband-parents' trios" core pedigree as a unit to analyze the genetic contribution of DNMs to HL. Furthermore, there is a certain correlation between the occurrence of DNMs and increasing parental age at childbirth. Therefore, for families with a history of DNM-associated sporadic HL, it is necessary to collect clinical information such as the parental age at childbirth and obstetric history of hearing-healthy parents. For these families planning another child, it is recommended to undergo prenatal diagnosis for the identified DNM pathogenic variations after conception and pay attention to the pregnancy outcome.

Prosocial Behaviour, Individualism, and Future Orientation of Chinese Youth: The Role of Identity Status as a Moderator.

There is a lack of research directly examining the relationships between future orientation, individualism, prosocial engagement and identity status among Chinese youth. This study focuses on the moderating role of identity status in the relationship between individualistic values, future orientation and prosocial behaviours. The study sample consists of 1817 Chinese youth aged between 15 and 28. Six patterns of identity statuses were identified by a hierarchical cluster analysis. Path analysis was conducted to examine the relationship between the independent variables and youths' prosocial engagement and the moderating effects of identity status. The results showed that future orientation is significantly related to prosocial engagement, while individualistic value is not significantly associated with it. The interaction of future orientation and identity status significantly affects prosocial engagement. The effect of future orientation is greater for those in searching moratorium and carefree diffusion and lower for those in achievement and foreclosure. These imply that time perspective intervention may facilitate the prosocial engagement of students who lack a mature and committed identity.

Dynamic μ-PBWT: Dynamic Run-length Compressed PBWT for Biobank Scale Data.

Durbin's positional Burrows-Wheeler transform (PBWT) supports efficient haplotype matching and queries given a panel of haplotypes. It has been widely used for statistical phasing, imputation and identity-by-descent (IBD) detection. However, the original PBWT panel doesn't support dynamic updates when haplotypes need to be added or deleted from the panel. Dynamic-PBWT (d-PBWT) solved this problem but it is not memory efficient. While the memory constraint problem of the PBWT has been tackled by Syllable-PBWT and -PBWT, these are static data structures that do not allow updates. Additionally, Syllable-PBWT only supports long-match query and -PBWT only supports set-maximal match query, limiting their functionality in the compressed form. In this paper, we present Dynamic -PBWT (which can also be seen as compressed d-PBWT) that is memory efficient and supports dynamic updates. We run-length compress PBWT to achieve better compression rate and store the runs in the self-balancing trees to enable dynamic updates. We show that the number of updates per insertion or deletion in the tree at each site is constant regardless of the number of haplotypes in the panel and the updates can be made without decompressing the index. In addition, we use orders of magnitude less memory than d-PBWT. We also provide a long match query algorithm that can easily be extended back to the original -PBWT. Overall, the flexibility and space-efficiency of Dynamic -PBWT makes it a potential index data structure for biobank scale genetic data analyses. The source code for Dynamic -PBWT is available at https://github.com/ucfcbb/Dynamic-mu-PBWT.

Twice marginalised: the status of Marma language and identity in Bangladesh

ABSTRACT In this paper, we tried to understand the status of the Marma language and identity in Bangladesh. Being an Indigenous community in a country where Bengalis form a numerous as well as political majority, the Marmas in Bangladesh experience cultural and linguistic marginalisation. An added dimension of hegemony comes from the Chakmas who, arguably, are the most prominent Indigenous community in Bangladesh with an active political history. Given the multiple layers of marginalisation, we examined how the Marmas in Bangladesh negotiate their language and identity. Using an ethnographic approach through interviews and focus group discussions, we collected data from 14 Marma community members from Rangamati, Bangladesh. A thematic analysis confirmed the double marginalisation of the Marmas in Bangladesh. The findings also showed a shift in language use primarily driven by socio-economic concerns and an intergenerational negotiation of identity among the community members.

Genome Scan Analysis for Advancing Knowledge and Conservation Strategies of Primitivo Clones (Vitis vinifera L.).

The success of the Primitivo variety underscores the critical need for the managing of clone genetic conservation, utilization, and improvement. By combining genomic and environmental data, breeders can better predict the performance of varieties, thereby improving breeding efficiency and enabling more targeted development of high-quality grapevine cultivars. In this study, 35 Primitivo clones were analysed, including selected and certified clones that have been propagated over several years in Apulia. Genetic variability among the Primitivo clones was assessed through genotyping by sequencing. Using 38,387 filtered SNPs, pairwise identity-by-state (IBS) analysis demonstrated the uniqueness of the 35 clones (IBS < 0.75), indicating a high degree of variability among the samples. Genetic diversity analysis revealed three primary groups, which were differentiated based on geographic origin. The clones from Gioia del Colle were grouped into two distinct clusters, which aligns with the observed variation in grape-related traits. The fixation index (FST > 0.50) identified numerous loci putatively associated with stress responses and developmental traits, including genes involved in key plant biological processes, stress response regulation, and adaptation to environmental conditions such as glutamate receptors, auxin, and ethylene signalling.

The behavior dynamic of venture capitalists in hospitality and tourism equity financing: a study based on leader–follower partnerships

ABSTRACT This study aims to explore how the two identity statuses affect the role choice dynamic of venture capitalists in syndication and solo investment behavior dynamic in hospitality and tourism equity financing. Drawing from the identity status theory, this study uses a stochastic actor-oriented model and four waves of panel network data from investment events of 197 active VCs in 2012–2021 based on the distinct roles in the leader-follower relationship to test the dynamic effects of primary status and complementary status. The results obtained through SIENA method suggest that identity lock-in is evident in VCs syndication network of financing in hospitality and tourism industry. Additionally, VCs with higher primary status are likely to pursue independent investments, but VCs with higher complementary status are likely to deepen their reliance on collaborative investments. The findings provide theoretical and practical implications for the behavior dynamic of VCs in hospitality and tourism equity financing.

Identity formation from a cross-cultural perspective: Identity statuses and profiles among German and Zambian adolescents

ABSTRACT Identity formation is the core developmental task during adolescence, yet research in sub-Saharan Africa is limited. We examined identity statuses in German and Zambian adolescents (N = 941; n Zambia = 395; M Age = 14.75; 47% female) using three identity dimensions: commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment. We hypothesized that among both samples a) five identity statuses (achievement, early closure, moratorium, searching moratorium, and diffusion) are found and b) identity status profiles are comparable in terms of psychosocial functioning. The results largely confirmed these hypotheses, however, indicating that early closure and searching moratorium statuses seemed more adaptive for Zambian adolescents, whereas the diffusion status seemed more adaptive for German adolescents. Implications, including the need for further cross-cultural research, are discussed.

Estimating effective population size trajectories from time-series identity-by-descent segments.

Long, identical haplotypes shared between pairs of individuals, known as identity-by-descent (IBD) segments, result from recently shared co-ancestry. Various methods have been developed to utilize IBD sharing for demographic inference in contemporary DNA data. Recent methodological advances have extended the screening for IBD segments to ancient DNA (aDNA) data, making demographic inference based on IBD also possible for aDNA. However, aDNA data typically have varying sampling times, but most demographic inference methods for modern data assume that sampling is contemporaneous. Here, we present Ttne (Time-Transect Ne), which models time-transect sampling to infer recent effective population size trajectories. Using simulations, we show that utilizing IBD sharing in time series increased resolution to infer recent fluctuations in effective population sizes compared with methods that only use contemporaneous samples. To account for IBD detection errors common in empirical analyses, we implemented an approach to estimate and model IBD detection errors. Finally, we applied Ttne to two aDNA time transects: individuals associated with the Copper Age Corded Ware Culture and Medieval England. In both cases, we found evidence of a growing population, a signal consistent with archaeological records.

Assessing the Fidelity of STEM Professional Identity Statuses using Cut-Off Scores for Small Populations

This study utilized a cross-sectional research study design to compare identity status assignments based on the Professional Identity Status Questionnaire (PISQ-5d) categories scores for affirmation, in-depth exploration, practices, commitment, and reconsideration of commitment via both cluster analysis and cutoff scores with respect to the two-factor, three-factor, or five-factor identity status models proposed by Marcia, Crocetti, and Kelly, respectively. The purpose of this study was to determine if cutoff scores could be utilized in lieu of cluster analysis for smaller populations. It was found that cut-off scores aligned with Marcia’s framework were aligned with more robust statistical cluster analysis.

Толерантность к неопределенности у студентов-пользователей онлайн-платформ с разными статусами виртуальной идентичности

&lt;p style="text-align: justify;"&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objective. &lt;/strong&gt;Assessment the contribution of virtual identity statuses and identity components to variation in uncertainty tolerance of ambiguity among users of online platforms in age of students. &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background. &lt;/strong&gt;The users of online platforms reconsider identity commitments and explore identity alternatives in conditions of information uncertainty and ambiguity. Previous studies have clearly established what non-adaptive processes of identity development in real environments compensating for by problematic use of online platforms and assessing with low levels of tolerance for uncertainty, but little is known about the impact of virtual identity on tolerance of ambiguity. &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Study design. &lt;/strong&gt;We how ambiguity tolerance relates to virtual identity using a survey method among students who are users of online platforms. The associations of virtual identity and tolerance of ambiguity were examined using Pearson's r-test, and linear regression (Fisher's F-test), and structural equation modeling (SEM). &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Participants. &lt;/strong&gt;The sample consisted of data obtained from 350 students (35% male; 65% female), aged 18 to 25 (&lt;em&gt;M&lt;/em&gt; = 19,8; &lt;em&gt;SD&lt;/em&gt; = 1,62), users of online platforms. &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Measurements. &lt;/strong&gt;The study measured the indicators of virtual identity (VISI) and tolerance of ambiguity (MSTAT-I) using methods adapted to the Russian research pool. &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results. &lt;/strong&gt;Commitment of virtual identity increases tolerance of ambiguity &amp;ndash; a general measure, uncertainty preference, of attitudes towards new, ambiguous, difficult to understand, uncertain and internally contradictory environmental stimuli. The Exploration of virtual identity is associated with a preference for uncertainty. We have found that age raised the levels of the understanding of complex information and reduces the levels of the interest in new stimuli decreases. The outcomes of this study revealed that age gradient was found to be more pronounced in males than females, such that users of the males demonstrated higher growth forecast of levels of a tolerance of ambiguity. Moreover, a virtual identity status influences tolerance for ambiguity, such that users with a diffuse virtual identity reported a tendency to perceive ambiguity (ambiguous and new) situations as sources of threat. &lt;br&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions. &lt;/strong&gt;The current study sparse existing literature of psychology with new data of whether tolerance of ambiguity relates robustly to identity, and support predictions of variability in tolerance of ambiguity depending on the virtual identity status, age and gender among users of online platforms in age of students. The pre-adaptive mechanism that links components of identity search and acceptance in virtual environments use to tolerance of ambiguity, this mechanism may be further moderated by age and gender factors.&lt;/p&gt;

Fast simulation of identity-by-descent segments.

The worst-case runtime complexity to simulate haplotype segments identical by descent (IBD) is quadratic in sample size. We propose two main techniques to reduce the compute time, both of which are motivated by coalescent and recombination processes. We provide mathematical results that explain why our algorithm should outperform a naive implementation with high probability. In our experiments, we observe average compute times to simulate detectable IBD segments around a locus that scale approximately linearly in sample size and take a couple of seconds for sample sizes that are less than ten thousand diploid individuals. In contrast, we find that existing methods to simulate IBD segments take minutes to hours for sample sizes exceeding a few thousand diploid individuals. When using IBD segments to study recent positive selection around a locus, our efficient simulation algorithm makes feasible statistical inferences, e.g., parametric bootstrapping in analyses of large biobanks, that would be otherwise intractable.

Genomic Prediction of Individual Inbreeding Levels for the Management of Genetic Diversity in Populations With Small Effective Size

ABSTRACTIn populations of small effective size (Ne), such as those in conservation programmes, companion animals or livestock species, inbreeding control is essential. Homozygosity‐by‐descent (HBD) segments provide relevant information in that context, as they allow accurate estimation of the inbreeding coefficient, provide locus‐specific information and their length is informative about the “age” of inbreeding. Our objective was to evaluate tools for predicting HBD in future offspring based on parental genotypes, a problem equivalent to identifying segments identical‐by‐descent (IBD) among the four parental chromosomes. In total, we reviewed and evaluated 16 approaches using simulated and real data from populations with small Ne. The methods included model‐based approaches as well as more computationally efficient rule‐based approaches. The accuracy of the methods was then evaluated, including with low‐density marker panels, genotyping‐by‐sequencing data and small groups of individuals, typical features of such populations. Two model‐based approaches performed consistently well, while some rule‐based approaches proved accurate for genome‐wide predictions. The model‐based approaches were particularly efficient when genomic information was sparse or degraded. Methods using phased data proved to be more accurate, while some approaches relying on unphased genotype data were sensitive to the assumed allele frequencies. In some settings, pedigree‐based predictions ranked high for recent inbreeding levels. Finally, we showed that our evaluation is also informative about the accuracy of the methods for estimating relatedness and identifying IBD segments between pairs of present‐day individuals. This study shows that future inbreeding can be accurately predicted, including at specific loci, but not all methods perform equally well.

Beyond transitioning: committing to, exploring, and reconsidering transmasculine identity

ABSTRACT The current study investigated the components of gender identity development using a neo-Eriksonian process model. We aimed to derive and validate the distinct combinations of commitment, in-depth exploration, and reconsideration of commitment that characterise different states of self-understanding (identity statuses) experienced by transgender individuals in relation to their gender. To do so, we used two-stage clustering to categorise 354 transmasculine respondents on the Utrecht-Management of Identity Commitments Scale, expecting to produce statuses consistent with the theoretical solution of Crocetti and colleagues (2008). Partially supporting the hypotheses, we found that a four-cluster solution comprising Achievement, Closure, Moratorium, and Diffusion optimally captured transgender identity development, consistent with findings in lesbian and gay identity development by Kranz and Pierrard (2018). The current statuses related differentially to identity functions and elements of positive transgender identity which further supports their validity. These findings suggest that the experience of gender identity development for transgender people can be partitioned into meaningful statuses characterised by unique features.

Career Adaptability and Career Construction as Mediating Variables Between Hardiness and Vocational Identity

Background: The Career Construction Theory (CCT) focuses on the active role people can play when they create and design their singular paths for career success. Unlike other career guidance theories that focus their attention on identifying vocational interests or on the fit between the person and the work settings, CCT raises the possibility that people can go beyond the determinants of their life. This study tested the adaptation model proposed by Career Construction Theory. Consolidation of vocational identity is particularly important at the university stage, in which people decide their first steps about their professional future. Method: Participants were 1023 students from Spain and Brazil. The Spanish subsample was composed of 602 participants, 34% were men (N = 207), and 66% were women (N = 395). The average age was 21.69. The Brazilian subsample was composed by 421 participants, 39% were men (N = 165), and 61% were women (N = 256), with an average age of 24.84. The four dimensions in the model were each operationally defined by a single indicator. The Hardiness Scale represented adaptive readiness. The Career Adapt-Abilities Scale represented adaptability resources. The Student Career Construction Inventory represented adapting responses. And finally, The Vocational Identity Status Assessment represented the adaptation result. Results: Bivariate correlations obtained between the measures were as expected by the theoretical model. All variables were significantly related to each other, and the values of the correlations were positive and quite high in both the Spanish and Brazilian subsamples. Structural Equation Modeling analysis of data indicated that the relationship between hardiness and vocational identity was mediated by both career adaptability and career construction. The overall fit indices for confirmatory factor analysis (CFAs) and structural equation models (SEMs) showed that the multiple factor structure models did not fit the data as well as the second-order structure model for hardiness, career adaptability and career construction. The multiple factor solutions only provided a better adjustment compared to the second-order solution for vocational identity. Conclusions: The analysis supported empirically the four-dimension model proposed by the Career Construction Theory. This major finding suggests new pathways to improve individual decision-making about work and career.

Особенности профессиональной «Я-концепции» курсантов военного вуза и студентов гражданского вуза, обучающихся по направлению «Психология»

Background. In modern society, the demands to the professionalism of psychologists are increasing, which is reflected in the innovative trends in higher professional education reforms. Currently, complex and contradictory dynamics is observed in the youth environment. On the one hand, positive shifts are taking place in the field of formation of the professional “I-concept” of young specialists. On the other hand, there is an increase in negative social processes: the spread of a dependent position, a consumer attitude to life, a bifurcation of moral standards, etc. Accordingly, studies that identify predictors of the professional “I-concept” of the future specialists in order to improve the system of their professional training and education are relevant. Objective. The study focuses on the comparison of the characteristics of professional “I-concept” among cadets of a military university and students of a civil university studying in the direction of “Psychology”. Methods. The research was carried out using the following methods: the “Career Anchor” by E. Shane; “Value Orientations” by M. Rokeach; methodology for studying the status of professional identity by A.A. Azbel, adapted for university students and cadets. Sample. The study involved 59 students of a civil university and 50 cadets of a military university, being at the third and fourth years of studying in the field of Psychology, aged from 20 to 26 years. Results. The empirical study revealed significant statistical differences between the groups in individual parameters of the professional “I-concept”: in the severity of individual career orientations, in the value orientations and in the status of professional identity. Conclusions. The features of the professional “I-concept” differ in psychology students and psychology cadets, which is explained by the specifics of their training: psychology cadets develop career orientations and values with management, teamwork, high activity, mobility; psychology students often have career orientations toward entrepreneurship.

Lost in Translation: The Conceptual Drift from the Identity Status Interview to Questionnaire Measures

AbstractThe identity status model (Marcia et al., J Pers Soc Psychol 3:551--558, 1966) is a widely used framework for identity research in adolescence and adulthood. This paper explores the conceptual and empirical relations between two identity status assessments – the identity status interview (Marcia et al., in Ego identity, Springer, New York, 1993) and the Dimensions of Identity Development Scale (DIDS; Luyckx et al. in J Res Person, 42:58–82, 2008) ). Study 1 was a systematic review of studies that have statistically derived identity statuses based on the DIDS (k = 42 samples), revealing pronounced inconsistencies in the meaning and interpretations in the classifications. Study 2 examined the factor structure of the DIDS across three Swedish samples (N = 429), and then in a subsample of 123 young adults examined correspondence between the DIDS and the identity status interview. Although there were the expected correlations between commitment and exploration processes using the two methods, when the DIDS processes were plotted over the identity statuses as assessed in the identity status interview, expected relations were only detected for the moratorium status, and not for identity achievement, foreclosure, or diffusion. Together, our findings show that aside from the intentional changes made from Marcia’s identity status model to the dual-cycle model, there have been what appear to be a less intentional drift in the definition and operationalization of the core constructs shared by the two models. The findings highlight the need to keep the complexity in identity research, as the risk of getting lost in translation in measurement development is apparent.

Formation Of National and Citizen Identity During The Period Of Global Changes

The article emphasizes the fact that the era of global change occurs simultaneously with the age of rapid exchange of information; the destinies of peoples are closely connected with each other. One of the important signs is the increasing status of national and civic identity in the world. We believe that one of our research tasks is to explain, based on our views, the powerful influence of globalization and informatization on this.

A Process- and Status-Centered Approach to Educational Identity Development in Late Adolescence: The Importance for Well-Being.

During late adolescence, adolescents' educational identity may be especially salient as they need to make important decisions regarding their education around the transition from secondary school to tertiary education. The way adolescents shape their identity during this period may have important implications for their academic functioning and psychological well-being. In the present study, we used four half-yearly measurements of educational identity from 208 Dutch adolescents (Mage = 17.8, 73.6% female) to examine identity change in late adolescence. We combined an identity process-centered approach, focusing on identity commitment, exploration, and self-doubt processes, with an identity status-centered approach, focusing on their constellation, and linked individual differences in identity to well-being. Findings evidenced some developmental change, generally in the direction of a more mature identity (i.e., lower exploration and self-doubt; transitions toward a status characterized by high commitment, average exploration, and low self-doubt), but also much stability. Furthermore, being in an identity status characterized by low engagement in all three processes was associated with poorer psychological well-being. Our findings emphasize the need to examine identity, especially across identity-salient periods, and highlight important next steps in the pursuit of a better understanding of educational identity in late adolescence.

Professional Identity and Leadership Styles as Predictors of Job Performance of Teachers: An Explanatory Sequential Design

This study aimed to determine the influence of professional identity and leadership styles on the job performance of master teachers in Region XI. A mixed-methods approach, specifically a sequential explanatory design was utilized to understand the professional identity, leadership styles, and job performance of master teachers using the quantitative and qualitative data. The researcher made use of stratified sampling using 200 respondents for the quantitative design and 17 participants for the interview. The status of professional identity, leadership styles, and job performance was high among master teachers. In an individual capacity, professional identity and leadership styles significantly influence job performance of master teachers. The combined influence of professional identity and leadership styles as predictors of job performance was a good fit for the data in this study. The standpoint of the participants revealed their agreement to the relationship between professional identity, leadership styles, and job performance of master teachers. The joint display revealed the connecting-confirmation nature of data integration.