Hydrophysical Properties Research Articles

Effect of conservation agriculture on soil hydro-physical properties, total and particulate organic carbon and root morphology in wheat (Triticum aestivum) under rice (Oryza sativa)-wheat system

Short-term (5 years) effect of conservation agriculture (CA) practice on soil hydro-physical characteristics, soil organic carbon status and root morphology in wheat (triticum aestivum L.) was monitored under rice (Orgza sativa L.)-wheat rotation in a clay loam soil at the Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi. A small improvement in soil water content and a marginal decrease in bulk density by CA contributed in significant reduction (30-37%)in sub-surface compaction. The CA improved soil structure in the plough layer (0-15 cm) with significant increase in soil organic carbon status (27-38%). A marginal change in pore size distribution was recorded in favour of larger volume of retention pores (11-12%), in expense of macro- or drainable pore space. Steady-state infiltration, which was essentially profile-controlled, was therefore lower in the CA plots. Decrease in sub-surface soil strength and better soil water retention facilitated root growth in wheat in the sub-surface layer under CA. Results implied thatthe CA practice in rice-wheat system, although with a shorter period, led to an overall physical improvement of the most active root zone. This had positive impact on root morphology, which contributed to increase in the crop yield.

Nanolime- and nanosilica-based consolidants applied on heated granite and limestone: Effectiveness and durability

This paper shows a study on the consolidation effectiveness of nano-silica and nano-lime-based consolidants (i.e. Nano Estel®and Nanorestore®, respectively), both available on the market, on two stones with different mineralogy and texture (i.e. two micas granite and Lioz limestone) previously subjected to 500 °C during 24 h with a rapid cooling by water jet simulating the real practice in a fire. The consolidation effectiveness was determined through the evaluation of hydro-physical properties (i.e. open porosity, apparent density, water absorption by capillarity and water absorption at atmospheric pressure), the determination of P-wave velocity (compressional wave velocity) and the study of their side-effects by using stereomicroscopy, colour spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Durability of the consolidants was determined by measuring their resistance to salt crystallization cycles and the subsequent surfaces were evaluated by open porosity measurements, stereomicroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed, as expected, that both granite and limestone samples increased their porosity after the heating process. In the case of granite stone, both products yielded similar reduction of the porosity and similar resistance to salt crystallization cycles. In case of limestone, nanolime samples yielded lower effectiveness in terms of dry matter, porosity and water absorption by capillary coefficient, which is attributed to the low penetration of Nanorestore® particles in the fine pore structure of this stone. Ethyl silicate treated samples presented higher levels of decay after crystallization cycles in the limestone samples, which could be attributed to the difficulty to bond silicate materials to fine porous calcite-based substrates.

Effect of Hydro-Physical Properties of Peat on Regulation of Peatland Drainage Systems

The paper analyzes changes in the hydro-physical properties of peat micro- and macrosystems in the process of drainage. Maximum moisture-holding capacity of peat is used as the main characteristic. With a full drying cycle and subsequent moistening of peat, there are three stages associated with the coagulative structure formation in the system. The boundary of the transition from the state «peat in water» to the state «water in peat» is moisture content equal to one. It divides the period of structure formation into two periods, due to the predominating action of van der Waals interactions or hydrogen bonds. In the state «water in pear» the peat system loses the ability to recover its original hydro-physical properties. Scaling up the research results on peat deposits (marshes) makes it possible to classify them according to the degree of drainage of the deposit. A new approach to the use of the term «surface water body» for peat deposits is proposed.

The Effect of Diffusion on the Sedimentation Rate of Soil Microparticles

The submitted paper presents the results of the experiment aimed at quantifying the effect of diffusion on the sedimentation rate of soil microparticles of different fractions. The goal of the experiment was to specify the determination of the texture composition of soils. The textural composition of the soil gives basic information about its hydrophysical properties. Standard methods for determination of granulometric soil composition are based on sedimentation methods. Measuring errors occur in the measurement of the soil microparticle rate, which are usually made of clay particles. Their source is the effect of diffusion. In the settling process with the gradual formation of the colloidal dispersion system, the deposition rate decreases. The rate of sedimentation of the dispersion particles approaches the rate of the mean diffusion feed in the opposite direction. Gradually, the state of dynamic sedimentation equilibrium occurs. The dispersion ratio was in dispersed system formed by clay soil particles from the Senne site. The dispersed medium was distilled water. Grain analyzes were performed by a laser diffraction method on a Mastersizer 2000 from MALVERN Instruments. The soil microparticles’ rates were measured on the basis of the time and the path of particles with diameter d (90). The output of the experiment is the diffusion coefficient, diffusion average feed and sedimentation rate for soil particles of different sizes. The results of the work show that with size of sedimented soil particles, the effect of diffusion increased. On this basis, it is possible to verify the lower limit of the results of grain size analyzes based on the sedimentation method. The results of the work show that the reduction of the size of the settled soil particles increases the effect of diffusion. On this basis, it is possible to quantify the lower limit of the results of grain size analyzes based on the sedimentation method and the particle size at which dynamic sedimentation equilibrium occurs.

Utilization of disperse metalworking wastes in the building ceramic production

This work is aimed at studying of possibility to use disperse metalwork wastes for building ceramic products manufacture. We performed the overall study of the composition and properties of the steel waterjet cutting disperse wastes and their behavior as part of the ceramic paste and baked ceramics. We noticed a positive effect of the wastes’ additives on the ceramic properties for three types of polymineral clay raw materials: reduction of air and fire shrinkage, strength improvement at optimal wastes content in the mixture, possibility to get quality baked ceramics at 900-950°C, improvement of the material hydro physical properties and possibility to vary the products’ colors. The received results allowed us to make a conclusion about possibility to use the steel waterjet cutting disperse wastes in the building ceramic production as a polyfunctional component: effective thinning agent, fluxing agent and component for volume coloring.

Биологиялық ыдырайтын полимерлер көмегiмен топырақтың сулы-физикалық қасиеттерiн жақсарту

В работе отражается эффективность внесения биодеградируемых полимерови интерполимерного комплекса на их основе в светло-каштановую почву сухостепной зоныВосточно-Казахстанской области. Отмечено достоинство данных полимеров в связи с ихполным разложением в почвенном слое. Турбидиметрическим и гравиметрическим методамиизучен состав интерполимерного комплекса, в соответствии с которым проводится внесениеполимеров хитозана и натрий-карбоксиметилцеллюлозы. Исследовано влияние примененияданного вида обработки почвы на ее основные агрохимические показатели, устойчивостьк смыву водой верхнего слоя почвы на модельной установке, на рост и развитие редисасорта «Рудольф». Результаты проведенного опыта показывают увеличение влагоемкости иуменьшение водопроницаемости почвы, что обеспечивает удержание влаги в почвенном слоеи низкую вероятность стекания воды в нижние слои почвы. Данный способ обработки почвыувеличивает ее устойчивость к смыву водой и положительно влияет на морфометрическиепоказатели редиса сорта «Рудольф».

Utilization of the thermohydric stress in the psamosols area in Southern Oltenia through the cowpea culture

The area of psamosols in southern Oltenia is characterized by thermohydraulic stress, accentuated by the thermal resources recorded and by the poor hydrophysical properties of the soil. Higher capitalization of these lands has been an important concern both in the world and in our country, and the choice of plant species with increased drought resistance and low water consumption is a measure to counteract the negative effects of the drought. The humidity analysis of a psamosol, on the 0-125 cm profile, indicates a momentary supply of reduced water and a water deficit compared to the field capacity of -34.4 ... -65.5 m3 / ha. In order to obtain economic results on these soils, it is necessary to cultivate low-water plants, such as a cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) that consumes about 4160 m3 / ha, compared to soybeans that have almost double consumption. The results obtained in 4 genotypes of cowpea highlight the daily average values of the plant's foliar sweating, in the blooming phase, ranging between 4.05 -5.23 mmol H2O / m2 / s, which correlated negatively with the level of grain production.

Soil hydrophysical properties under different nutrient management practices, their relationship with soil organic carbon fractions and crop yield under pigeonpea-wheat sequence

Soil physical degradation is one of the serious production constraints in the Indo-Gangetic Plain region. The present investigation was undertaken to study the effect of different nutrient management practices involving the use of fertilizer NPK alone or in combination with Farm Yard Manure (FYM), sulphitation pressmud (SPM), or induced defoliation (ID, imposed in pigeonpea through foliar spray of 10% urea solution at physiological maturity) on soil hydrophysical properties of a Typic Haplustepts under pigeonpea-wheat sequence, in a field experiment that continued for 5 years at IARI, New Delhi. Fertilizer NPK at recommended rate to both the crops resulted in a significant increase in macroaggregates, mean weight diameter, geometric mean diameter, water-stable aggregates, and saturated hydraulic conductivity in surface soil. Conjoint use of fertilizers, organic manures, and ID also decreased soil bulk density (0–15 cm) significantly over control. Effectiveness of organics and ID in improving soil physical environment was in the order: FYM > ID > SPM.

Changes in Soil Hydro-Physical Properties and SOM Due to Pine Afforestation and Grazing in Andean Environments Cannot Be Generalized

Andean ecosystems provide important ecosystem services including streamflow regulation and carbon sequestration, services that are controlled by the water retention properties of the soils. Even though these soils have been historically altered by pine afforestation and grazing, little research has been dedicated to the assessment of such impacts at local or regional scales. To partially fill this knowledge gap, we present an evaluation of the impacts of pine plantations and grazing on the soil hydro-physical properties and soil organic matter (SOM) of high montane forests and páramo in southern Ecuador, at elevations varying between 2705 and 3766 m a.s.l. In total, seven study sites were selected and each one was parceled into undisturbed and altered plots with pine plantation and grazing. Soil properties were characterized at two depths, 0–10 and 10–25 cm, and differences in soil parameters between undisturbed and disturbed plots were analyzed versus factors such as ecosystem type, sampling depth, soil type, elevation, and past/present land management. The main soil properties affected by land use change are the saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat), the water retention capacity (pF 0 to 2.52), and SOM. The impacts of pine afforestation are dependent on sampling depth, ecosystem type, plantation characteristics, and previous land use, while the impacts of grazing are primarily dependent on sampling depth and land use management (grazing intensity and tilling activities). The site-specific nature of the found relations suggests that extension of findings in response to changes in land use in montane Andean ecosystems is risky; therefore, future evaluations of the impact of land use change on soil parameters should take into consideration that responses are or can be site specific.

Increasing the efficiency of coagulant influence on improvement of bore mud properties

Because of the growing mining of raw hydrocarbon deposits one observes the increase in the volumes of bore mud accumulation. By their chemical composition and hydrophysical properties they have a range of negative characteristics, such as high alkalinity and toxicity, lack of structure, hydrophilic nature, low airing, filterability etc. The indicated characteristics of such mud pits, estimated as thousands, exclude the territories from the biogenic substance circulation in the conditions of KhMAD and YNAD. This leads to the violation of normal functioning of the northern territories ecosystems. The studies have shown that the abovementioned negative properties can be removed using coagulants, phosphogypsum, in particular – chemical industry wastes. Large volumes of phosphogypsum are located in the town of Revda, the Sverdlovsk region. A comparative study of diatomite as an ameliorant-coagulant showed its low efficiency in comparison with phosphogypsum. However, the ignition and use of diatomite allowed us to increase filterability of the bore mud up to the level of phosphogypsum or even higher. At the same time, it should be taken into account that in the north of the Tyumen region there were found enormous deposits of diatomite. Its use in the ignited form can be carried out under the production of building materials and coagulants as by-products.

Soil Physical Properties and Soybean Yield as Influenced by Long-Term Tillage Systems and Cover Cropping in the Midsouth USA

A better understanding of the effect of long-term tillage management on soil properties and yield is essential for sustainable food production. This research aimed to evaluate the 37-year impact of different tillage systems and cover cropping on soil hydro-physical properties at 0–15 and 15–30 cm, as well as on soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr] yield. The long-term experiment was located in Jackson, TN, and the different treatments involved in this study were no-tillage (NT), disk (DP), chisel (CP), moldboard plow (MP), and no-tillage with winter wheat [Triticum aestivum (L.)] cover crop (NTW). Forty-five days after the tillage operation, MP showed a comparable bulk density (BD) with NT, NTW, and CP at 0–15 cm depth. At surface depth, No-tillage systems increased cone penetration resistance (PR) by 12% compared with the reduced tillage systems, and 47% relative to MP. Wet aggregate stability (WAS) at surface depth was 27% and 36% greater for NT systems than for reduced and conventional tillage systems, respectively. Similarly, the geometric mean diameter (GMD) of aggregates was significantly higher under NT and NTW. However, water infiltration and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity (Kfs) did not differ significantly among tillage systems. The greatest soybean yield was obtained from CP and DP, producing 10% higher yield than NTW. Overall, 37 years of no-tillage, with or without simplified cover cropping did not result in a consistent improvement in soybean yield and soil physical properties with the exception of having improved soil aggregation.

Effects of Biochar and Synthetic Polymer on the Hydro-Physical Properties of Sandy Soils

Synthetic polymers, such as polyacrylamide (PAM), and biochar are generally used as soil amendments to improve soil properties. This paper explores a laboratory column experiment conducted to investigate the effects of biochar (pyrolysis at 400–450 °C) and polymers, with different application rates, on the hydro-physical properties of sandy soil. The experiment evaluated four rates each of biochar (0.0% (C), 2% (B1), 4% (B2), 6% (B3) and 8% (B4)) and polymers (0.0% (C), 0.2% (P1), 0.4% (P2), 0.6% (P3), and 0.8%(P4)), as well as a mixture of them. The infiltration rate decreased significantly when a mixture of biochar and polymers was adopted. B1 showed a decrease of 32.73% while a mixture of 8% (B4) and (0.8%) P4 exhibited a decrease of 57.31%. The polymers increased the infiltration rate at low concentrations (P1 and P2) and reduced it at high concentrations (P3 and P4). The cumulative evaporation decreased significantly for most treatments. B1 recorded the highest decrease in cumulative evaporation with a percentage decrease of 31.9%. The highest decrease in hydraulic conductivity (Ks) was for B1. However, the mixture of B4 and P4 resulted in the highest increase in soil moisture content at field capacity compared to the control and other treatments. P4 and the mixture of B2 and P2 showed significant (p < 0.05) increases in the percentage of stable aggregate (SA) in fraction size (0.25–0.125 mm). Although the mixture of B4 and P4 had the highest increase in soil moisture content, this study recommends using the B1 treatment on sandy soil in arid environments due to its strong hydro-physical properties and affordability.

Thirty-four years of no-tillage and cover crops improve soil quality and increase cotton yield in Alfisols, Southeastern USA

In subhumid Southeastern USA, rapid decomposition of initially low cotton residue limits the benefits of no-tillage system in regard to the soil quality. Long-term addition of cover crops may compensate the low cotton residue and further improve the soil physical quality under no-tillage system. We examined the long-term (34 yr) effect of two cover crop species, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa), and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and no cover crop, applied on conventional tillage and no-tillage on soil hydro-physical properties and cotton yield. Research was conducted on a Lexington silt loam in Jackson, TN, during 2015 and 2016. Soil physical properties including bulk density, cone penetration resistance, in-situ soil moisture content, wet aggregate stability, water infiltration and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil water retention characteristics, and dry aggregate size distribution were measured. Bulk density assessed before the annual tillage did not differ significantly between no-tillage and conventional tillage systems. Cone penetration resistance showed a greater horizontal consistency of maximally resistant zones (>2 MPa) under tilled managements, indicating a possible presence of a plow pan immediately below the plowed soil layer. Differences in field soil moisture content among tillage and cover crops were more evident in drier periods of the growing seasons, resulting in 28.6% and 36.4% greater moisture content in vetch cover crop and no-tillage than no cover crop and conventional tillage, respectively. No-tillage and vetch cover crop also increased the wet aggregate stability by 13% at 0–15 cm. Results showed a significant tillage × cover crop interaction in soil hydraulic properties. Our result demonstrates that long-term incorporation of cover crops, particularly vetch with no-tillage, significantly improved the initial infiltration rate, cumulative infiltration, and field-saturated hydraulic conductivity and increased the mean weight diameter of aggregates by promoting the macroaggregation. Improvement in soil physical properties was associated with an increase in cotton lint yield under cover crop and no-tillage management.

Water table dynamics in a constructed wetland, Fort McMurray, Alberta

AbstractSurface mining in northern Alberta transforms wetlands and forests into open pits, tailings ponds, and overburden. As part of their license to operate, mine operators are required to reclaim this altered landscape to a predisturbance capacity. In 2012, Syncrude Canada Limited constructed one of the first of two reclaimed wetlands, the Sandhill Fen Watershed (SFW), to evaluate wetland reclamation strategies. SFW is a 52‐ha system atop soft‐tailings that includes an inflow/outflow pump system, underdrains, upland hummocks, and a fen lowland. In this study, water table dynamics of the fen lowland were evaluated in the 2 years following commissioning (2014–2015) to assess whether this newly constructed watershed has hydrological conditions that facilitate hydric soils with water table regimes similar to reference systems. Results indicate that the location and hydrophysical properties of placed materials control water table responses to both water management and precipitation. This differential water table response in the SFW lowland drove lateral fluxes between adjacent landforms, suggesting periods of intermittent water supply from uplands to wetlands along hummock margins. As in natural systems, the lowland fen exhibited several lateral flow reversals over the 2 years depending upon water level. Water tables on‐average were greater than those observed in natural analogues. Comparison during these first 2 years following commissioning contribute to the increasing insight as to how construction and management practices support reclamation postmining.

Amelioration some Physical and Hydrophysical Properties of Clay Loam Soil Using Compost at Different Depths and Nitrogen Fertilizer rates.

Field experiments were conducted on clay loam soil during two successive seasons. Summer season 2017 using maize plants and winter season 2017/2018 using barley plants at El-Gemmeiza Agricultural Research Station, El-Gharbia Governorate, to evaluate the effect and residual effects of compost rates placed in moles 30 cm depth, arranged in parallel orientation with respect to one another and spaced at 3 m apart or placed on the surface soil layers besides the nitrogen fertilizer rates on improving soil physical and hydrophysical properties. Furthermore, economical analysis was done by calculating the net income for every treatment to determine the economical value. The rates of compost were 0.0, 2.5, 5.0 and 7.5 t fed.-1, while the nitrogen rates were 0.0, 50, 75 and 100 % of the recommended dose for every growing crop. The experiments were conducted in split-split plot arranged in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Results can be summarized as follows:- 1- Soil penetration resistance significantly decreased with increasing the addition rates of compost and depths. 2- The soil bulk density (Db) significantly decreased under different compost rates and depths, while total soil porosity (E) and void ratio (e) took the opposite trend. 3- The settling percentage of the soil was significantly decreased with increasing of compost rates and depths, indicating a higher degree of structural stability. 4- The values of pore size distribution (large, medium and micro pores as a percent of total porosity) were significantly increased in the two growing seasons. 5- Soil hydraulic conductivity (Kh) and soil moisture content, i.e., saturation percent (SP), water field capacity (FC), wilting point (WP), available water (AW) and soil moisture content just before harvesting (θw) were significantly increased for the two seasons, with increasing the rates of compost. 6- Water consumption (Cu) was decreased and water use efficiency (WUE) was increased in all treatments of the two seasons. 7- Cost benefit analysis revealed that the most valuable treatment was adding compost (5.0 t fed.-1) in 30 cm mole depth with 100 % of the recommended dose of nitrogen fertilizer for each crop, since it gave the highest net income. 8- From the above results, it is more useful to use of compost filled moles with different rates and nitrogen fertilizers to markedly improve both physical and hydro physical properties under clay loam soil.

Increasing the efficiency of coagulant influence on improvement of bore mud properties

Because of the growing mining of raw hydrocarbon deposits one observes the increase in the volumes of bore mud accumulation. By their chemical composition and hydrophysical properties they have a range of negative characteristics, such as high alkalinity and toxicity, lack of structure, hydrophilic nature, low airing, filterability etc. The indicated characteristics of such mud pits, estimated as thousands, exclude the territories from the biogenic substance circulation in the conditions of KhMAD and YNAD. This leads to the violation of normal functioning of the northern territories ecosystems. The studies have shown that the abovementioned negative properties can be removed using coagulants, phosphogypsum, in particular – chemical industry wastes. Large volumes of phosphogypsum are located in the town of Revda, the Sverdlovsk region. A comparative study of diatomite as an ameliorant-coagulant showed its low efficiency in comparison with phosphogypsum. However, the ignition and use of diatomite allowed us to increase filterability of the bore mud up to the level of phosphogypsum or even higher. At the same time, it should be taken into account that in the north of the Tyumen region there were found enormous deposits of diatomite. Its use in the ignited form can be carried out under the production of building materials and coagulants as by-products.

Hydrophysical Properties of the High-Ash Lowmoor Peat Soils

The water retention curve (WRC), density, botanical composition, and ash contents were determined for high-ash lowmoor peat soils (Rheic Sapric Histosols) developing on the floodplain of the Yakhroma River (Moscow oblast) from the herb–hypnum and hypnum peat enriched in carbonates, agromineral peat soils (Rheic Drainic Sapric Histosols (Mineralic)), and peat soils developed from woody peat underlain by herb, sedge, and woody peat layers (Rheic Sapric Histosols (Lignic)). The WRC was determined by capillarimetric method in the range of water pressure from 0 to 80–90 кPa. For the studied peat soils, the WRC represents a close to linear dependence of the water content on the water pressure in semilogarithmic scale. In contrast to mineral soils, a characteristic point of the air-entry pressure is virtually absent on the WRC of peat soils. The WRC of peat largely depended on their density: denser peat samples were characterized by a higher water content at the same water pressure, which attests to the increased water retention capacity. An increase in the degree of decomposition of peat and its ash content also leads to the rise in the water retention capacity, but the effect of these factors is considerably smaller than the effect of peat density.

The effect of compression on Sphagnum hydrophysical properties: Implications for increasing hydrological connectivity in restored cutover peatlands

AbstractSphagnum moss, a dominant peat‐forming species in northern peatlands, relies on capillary rise to sustain metabolic activities. However, in restored peatlands, a capillary barrier resulting from distinctly different pore‐size distributions in the degraded remnant cutover peat and regenerated Sphagnum moss limits capillary rise. Space‐for‐time analogues suggest it could take >40 years for decomposition and degradation of the moss profile to overcome this capillary barrier effect. This paper explores the feasibility of mechanical compression to ameliorate the capillary barrier effect and accelerate the return of ecohydrological function in restored Sphagnum moss. Seven reference cores (10 × 20 cm) and 29 samples (10 × 5 cm) representing various depths from surface (0–5 cm, n = 9; 5–10 cm, n = 9; 10–15 cm, n = 7; 15–20 cm, n = 4) were tested in a laboratory setting to analyse pre‐compression and post‐compression water retention‐unsaturated hydraulic conductivity relationships, proportion of macropores, and other hydrophysical parameters. Post‐compression, reference core moss height (originally 20 cm) decreased by 5.5 ± 1.2 cm, and sample bulk density increased, while porosity decreased (Wilcoxon signed rank test, p < 0.01). Increased water retention and subsequent increase in unsaturated hydraulic conductivity post‐compression was a result of a decrease in macropores (diameter > 75 μm). Simulation results with Hydrus‐1D indicate that the post‐compression moss profile was better suited to maintain pressure heads above critical values for photosynthesis. These findings suggest that mechanical compression may be used to ameliorate the capillary barrier effect in restored cutover peatlands; however, field scale studies are required.

Effects of land-use change on Nitisols properties in a tropical climate

El cambio en el uso de la tierra, especialmente la conversión de bosques nativos en tierras cultivadas ejerce un impacto sobre las propiedades físicas, químicas e hidrofísicas de los suelos. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la influencia de diferentes sistemas de manejo de un suelo tropical reflejado en algunas de sus propiedades físicas, químicas e hidrofísicas. Se evaluaron nueve perfiles de un suelo Nitisol agrupado en tres categorías: (I) bosque nativo (Referencia > 30 años); (II) suelos anteriormente cultivados y luego convertidos en pastizales (Conservados > 10 años); y (III) suelos bajo cultivo continuado (Agrogénicos > 50 años). Las variables analizadas fueron materia orgánica, densidad aparente, densidad real, porosidad, capacidad de campo, textura e índice estructural. Los resultados determinaron que la acción de las técnicas agrícolas tradicionales en ambientes tropicales produce una excesiva degradación de las propiedades del suelo. El contenido de materia orgánica e índice estructural muestran una relación lineal con un alto grado de dependencia (R2=0,99). La densidad aparente promedio para los perfiles (I) y (II) fue menor (P<0,05) que los valores de densidad aparente del perfil (III). En los análisis de regresión a medida que aumenta la densidad aparente disminuye la capacidad de campo y la tendencia observada para (I) y (II) es lineal, mientras que para (III) es polinómica con (R2=0,83), pudiendo estar influenciado por los valores más altos de la densidad aparente, mayor compactación, menor índice estructural, materia orgánica y porosidad en correspondencia con los otros perfiles.

Can soil properties of Fluvisols be influenced by river flow gradient?

Can soil properties of Fluvisols be influenced by river flow gradient?