Prevention Of Human Trafficking Research Articles

Preventing the Trafficking of Youth: A Retrospective Evaluation of kNow MORE! An Educational Program in San Diego, California

ABSTRACT In 2017, California enacted the Human Trafficking (HT) Prevention Education and Training Act, requiring HT prevention curricula in middle and high schools. Prevention efforts to combat trafficking among vulnerable groups are scarce. Additionally, implemented educational programs tend to lack evaluation. In 2016, in San Diego, California, kNOw MORE! 1 1 The kNOw MORE! Human Trafficking Prevention Program is copyrighted—2021 Point Loma Nazarene University. (kM!), a drama-based and student-centered HT prevention curriculum, was developed. It aims to provide education among youth about awareness of HT, traffickers’ strategies of recruitment, identification of victims, and advocacy strategies. This analysis begins to address the current evaluation gap of implemented preventive educational programs. A mixed-method retrospective single-group design was applied. Pre- and post-assessment tools were utilized to collect data throughout a five-year period (2016–2021). Descriptive and inferential statistical analyses of association were performed. Qualitative thematic analysis was conducted to triangulate key findings. The sample comprised predominantly Latinx and Non-Hispanic white students from middle and high schools throughout San Diego, California. The results demonstrated that kM! has proven to increase the knowledge of its participants about HT victimization and how to advocate for themselves and others. The findings of this study provide significant implications for preventive educational efforts locally and nationwide. Future research should include a rigorous evaluation when such preventive educational curriculum is replicated.

Collaborative innovations in Artificial Intelligence (AI): Partnering with leading U.S. tech firms to combat human trafficking

This article reviews, integrates, and expands upon research initiatives that explore the development and implementation of advanced artificial intelligence (AI)–driven tools and methodologies. In exploring collaborations with leading U.S. AI technology firms, including Nvidia, Dataiku, DataRobot, and C3.ai, this study is specifically aimed at identifying, preventing, and combating human trafficking. This collaborative effort seeks to create a synergistic framework that capitalizes on the unique capabilities and resources of each firm. The overarching goal is to enhance the effectiveness of AI technologies in detecting trafficking activities, analyzing diverse data sources, and providing vital support to law enforcement and NGOs in rescue and prevention efforts. The comprehensive review delves into the multifaceted applications of AI, emphasizing its role in prevention through machine learning, data analytics, and natural language processing. It navigates through collaborative initiatives, presenting partnerships with prominent U.S. tech firms, accompanied by case studies that showcase successful collaborative projects. Challenges inherent in collaborative AI efforts are addressed, and the paper proposes strategic solutions to overcome these obstacles. The ethical and legal considerations section scrutinizes the implications of deploying AI in human trafficking prevention, exploring the delicate balance between innovation and safeguarding privacy and civil liberties. Furthermore, the final section anticipates future directions and recommendations, providing insights into emerging technologies that could enhance anti-trafficking efforts. Specific recommendations are offered for fortifying collaborations between AI developers and tech firms, and the paper discusses broader implications for policy, suggesting avenues for future research in the dynamic field of AI-driven human trafficking prevention. In essence, this comprehensive review not only synthesizes existing knowledge but also integrates a forward-looking research initiative, contributing significantly to the ongoing discourse on leveraging technology to combat human trafficking on a global scale.

HISTORY OF FORMATION AND CONTRIBUTION OF CARITAS PHU CUONG IN THE FIELD OF CHARITY TO BINH DUONG PROVINCE

This paper presents the history of Caritas Phu Cuong as a charity and social organization that plays an important role in helping the poor and disabled people of Binh Dương province. In addition, the study also analyze the role and contributions of Caritas Phu Cuong in the field of charity for Binh Duong province in the following aspects: medical examination and medicine distribution for the poor people; life protection program; taking care of lonely elderly people; support people with disabilities to integrate into the community; build a library of books and toys for children; organize compassion classes for children of workers in difficult circumstances; bright path scholarship (Slovakia); environmental protection and human trafficking prevention programs. Finally, the article will discuss the role, functions and scope of activities of Caritas Phu Cuong in different historical periods to adapt to the changes in the socio-political context of Vietnam.

인신매매 피해자 식별지표의 활용과 개선방안에 대한 논의

Since January 1, 2023, the “Act on the Prevention of Human Trafficking and Protection of Victims” has expanded the concept of human trafficking to protect and support victims such as labor exploitation, sexual exploitation, and prostitution. The law recommends the use of human trafficking identification indicators along with human trafficking education to detect crimes such as human trafficking and identify potential victims. Therefore, this study attempted to review human trafficking identification indicators and discuss improvement measures for effective use at the time when the law was enforced a year later. To this end, a survey was conducted on 150 employees of the National Police Agency, the Prosecutor's Office, the Ministry of Employment and Labor, and the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries, which recommended the use of legal identification indicators, and the contents of the collected data were classified and analyzed. Through the study, the necessity of mandatory identification education and expanding the target, digitizing reporting and identification indicators, subdividing identification indicators for each target, and reorganizing other systems was discussed.

Dermatology's role in the fight against human trafficking: A report from the AAD Ad Hoc Task Force and call to action

While the majority of American Academy of Dermatology members have some broad awareness of human trafficking, most are not aware of it in their communities or of the skin signs that could prompt identification of those being exploited, and have requested educational resources to assist patients affected by trafficking. The American Academy of Dermatology Ad Hoc Task Force on Dermatologic Resources for the Intervention and Prevention of Human Trafficking has been working to develop relevant resources, including an online toolkit on the American Academy of Dermatology website: https://www.aad.org/member/clinical-quality/clinical-care/human-trafficking.

인신매매방지법상 피해자 보호의 한계와 개선방향

Today, slavery is prohibited in most countries. However, human trafficking is acting as a transformation that continues the legacy of slavery. Accordingly, the international community has continued various efforts to eradicate human trafficking. Efforts to prevent human trafficking have been diversified in Korea, and some legislative results can be found. Representatively, the revision of the criminal law(April 5, 2013) can be cited as an example, and the Trafficking Prevention Act enacted on April 20, 2021 and enforced on January 1, 2023 is expected to be a full-fledged starting point for the protection of human trafficking victims.
 The purpose of this article is to review the Human Trafficking Prevention Act, which was enacted relatively recently for the purpose of preventing human trafficking and protecting and supporting victims of human trafficking, which has not been discussed in earnest. To this end, ① current status of human trafficking in Korea(II), ② problems of the recently enacted and enforced Human Trafficking Prevention Act(Ⅲ), and ③ ways to improve these problems(IV) were presented. Accordingly, ① the lack of data that can accurately grasp the current status of human trafficking, ② the problem of the main concept of the Human Trafficking Prevention Act, the problem of the human trafficking punishment regulation, and the problem of the victim protection procedure, The procedure for issuing a confirmation letter for victims of human trafficking, etc. was reviewed. ③ As a way to improve upon these problems, the interpretation of ‘human trafficking, etc.’ in the law, the necessity of deleting ‘crimes such as human trafficking, etc.’, and human trafficking in the criminal law The need for revision of regulations and other system improvements for early identification of victims were suggested.

Regulating the Undesirable: Statusless Women in Israel

This paper explores how laws and procedures in Israel concerning various forms of legal status deem women foreigners to be “statusless.” In particular, it examines the treatment of three groups: Palestinian women residents of the Occupied Palestinian Territories who are married to Palestinian citizens of Israel; asylum-seeking women from Africa; and women from the former Soviet Union who have been trafficked by the sex industry, or who have lost their legal status after separating from an Israeli-citizen spouse. Drawing on various data sources—such as information and case studies published by aid organizations; legal proceedings; discussions held by parliamentary legislative committees; state officials’ commentaries in the media; and interviews with women and service providers—we map the policies that manage the entry and residence of foreigners, and explore their ideological tenets and specific impact on women. We argue that statuslessness is being justified by an ethnocratic discourse that demarcates foreigners as undesirable, and that it is maintained by hobbling existing infrastructures, such as the Convention on the Status of Refugees, family unification procedure, or the Protocol for the Prevention of Human Trafficking—and draining them of their meaning.

The Impact of Ethnic Discrimination on the Prevention of Human Trafficking

The Impact of Ethnic Discrimination on the Prevention of Human Trafficking

Prevention of Human Trafficking: The Experience of the Republic of India

To date, human trafficking is one of the most dangerous crimes that pose a threat to modern society. Such a state as the Republic of India is no exception, where human trafficking has acquired colossal proportions. Despite the prohibition and punishability in Indian legislation, human trafficking in many regions and states of India has acquired the character of an entrenched socio-cultural phenomenon. It is noteworthy that not only organized criminal groups, but often citizens themselves, are directly involved in such illegal activities. That is why it seems extremely relevant to study and highlight the mechanisms of prevention of human trafficking in India. The purpose of this work is to analyze the main causes of human trafficking in India, highlight current methods and practices of Indian law enforcement agencies for the prevention of human trafficking, cooperation of public organizations and government agencies to organize preventive measures in the field of human trafficking. The study shows that the competent authorities have developed a number of measures aimed at preventing human trafficking in the Republic of India. We concluded that in order to reduce the quantitative indicators of human trafficking, it is necessary to eliminate a number of related problems affecting the stability of the state as such, as well as to ensure that the competent authorities and their officials apply not only preventive measures, but also other forms of systemic impact on crime.

Preventing Human Trafficking of Refugees from Ukraine: a Rapid Assessment of Risks and Gaps in the Anti-Trafficking Response

This article discusses a rapid assessment of risks and gaps in the anti-trafficking response, related to the prevention of human trafficking of refugees from Ukraine in the immediate aftermath of the start of the war (March-April 2022). For this assessment numerous actors have been interviewed from Ukraine and neighbouring countries and a study visit has been organized to Poland in April 2022. This assessment reviews the trafficking risks (and at risk groups) related to the outflow of Ukrainian refugees in Eastern and Central Europe, the extent to which these risks are being addressed by the agencies involved in the humanitarian response and the identification of the possible roles for anti-trafficking organizations. To address the gaps and needs that are identified in the anti-trafficking response in Ukraine and neigbouring countries (Poland, Romania, Moldova, Hungary and Slovakia) several recommendations are made, addressing governments/international organisations, anti-trafficking NGOs and donors, to (I) reduce the vulnerabilities to human trafficking; (ii) to ensure the identification of trafficked persons and accountability of perpetrators; and (iii) to ensure adequate referral and assistance to trafficked persons.

The Quest of the Grassroots Heroes: Narrative Resilience in Nonprofit Organizing for Human Trafficking Prevention

ABSTRACT Nonprofit organizations (NPOs) dedicated to human trafficking prevention – like the A21 Campaign – can inspire grassroots organizing and localize international advocacy through their websites’ rhetorical narratives. Through the strategic embodiment of organizational identification and narrative resilience, the A21 Campaign motivates members to further the NPO’s activism in their respective communities. By centering volunteer advocates as heroes, framing advocacy outcomes as multi-dimensional, and localizing outreach to globalize impact, the A21 Campaign’s website underscores that narrative-based advocacy must recognize the importance of place, actively support grassroots abolitionists, and reaffirm that survivors’ stories persist far beyond their initial escapes. Implications regarding moral subjectivity, power tensions, and survivor representation emerge, warranting continued discussion of how colonization, surveillance, and inequity can thwart critical efforts to seek transformative global change in gender equality and inclusive activism.

What We Know about Human Traffickers in Vietnam

Myths and misconceptions about traffickers, the nature of trafficking, and how the crime varies in different jurisdictions pose challenges for prevention work, rehabilitating offenders, and achieving justice for victims. This article, based on an analysis of over 100 human trafficking court cases in Vietnam, outlines the reality of one particular trafficking crime: the trafficking of Vietnamese women and girls for sexual exploitation in China. We show that the majority of the prosecuted traffickers are similarly poor and vulnerable as their victims. Most are from ethnic minorities, with a poor educational background, and few income generation opportunities. Based on this evidence, we discuss some challenges associated with prosecution of these particular traffickers and suggest more effective approaches for human trafficking prevention.

Тренінг для тренерів як інструмент соціальної профілактики торгівлі людьми серед підлітків

Тренінг для тренерів як інструмент соціальної профілактики торгівлі людьми серед підлітків

Adequately Equipping Our Children: The Need for Child-centered, Play-based Approaches to Human Trafficking Prevention

ABSTRACT The A21 Primary Prevention Program (PPP) provides child-centered learning opportunities designed to empower children ages 6–12 to protect themselves and others from human trafficking and other risks. This article provides context around the issue of human trafficking and exploitation as a public health issue and outlines the benefits of play-based, interactive approaches for addressing prevention with children. Results of the first phase of a longitudinal research study conducted in Southeast (SE) Asia indicate that program facilitators found experiential, play-based activities beneficial for increasing their knowledge of human trafficking. Based on these results and extant literature the authors recommend the adoption of child-centered, play-based programing by schools and educators outside of SE Asia, to address the growing risks of human trafficking and exploitation to school aged children. This research promotes the empowerment of societies through prevention education, toward a peaceful, just and safe environment, free of exploitation for children and adults (SDGs 8.7 and 16).

Human Trafficking Prevention Measures and Women’s Welfare Promotion in Rwanda: A Case of Nyarugenge District, City of Kigali

The purpose of this research was to analyze contribution of human trafficking measures prevention on women’s welfare promotion in Rwanda: A case of Nyarugenge District, City of Kigali. The specific objectives were to ascertain the effect of awareness campaign, job creation and capacity building on women’s welfare promotion in Nyarugenge District; Significance of the study will be to bring on more light how these anti-human trafficking measures impact women in terms of women’s welfare promotion and limitation of study were the language barrier and insufficient literature on the case of Rwanda. Scope of the study geographically covered Nyarugenge District, one of the districts that make up Kigali city. In a concise form, the study used a mixed research paradigm. It implies that both quantitative and qualitative approaches were adopted using a descriptive method. A sample size of 338 respondents was drawn from 2180 women beneficiaries of UN Women support in Nyarugenge District. The study used both stratified sampling techniques. Primary data was gathered using questionnaires and interview guide. Secondary data was gathered by the existing literature available in reports, published and unpublished books, electronic sources and journals. The study used descriptive and inferential statistics. In descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation were used while in inferential statistics correlation and regression analysis was used. Results of the first objective show a significant correlation between stakeholders and target audiences and sales increase (r=0.119*, p=0.048), campaign tactics and techniques were positive correlated with income (r=0.121, p=0.044) and ownership to properties (r=0.102, p=0.091). There are positive and significant correlations between campaign tactics and techniques and income (r=0.119*, p=0.048). Results on correlation between building and framing a campaign alliance and dependent variables, there were significant correlation between building and framing a campaign alliance and income (r=.121**, p value=0.044), building and framing a campaign alliance and ownership to properties (r=102, P value 0.091). Results to the second objective reveal significant correlations between business plan and income (r=0.215*, p=0.048), business plan and nutrition (0.512*, p= 0.036). For entrepreneurship skills and nutrition (r=0.931**, p=0.000), and ownership to properties (r=0.680*, p=.003) were positively correlated. Results to the third objective show significant positive correlations were found between agriculture and income (r=.167*, p=.078), ownership to properties (r= .393*, p=.000), and nutrition (r=.560*, p=.056). Significant positive correlations were found between tailoring activities and income level (r=.032*, p=.741), ownership to properties (r=.058*,p=.549) and tailoring activities and nutrition status (r=-0.041*, p=.669). However, a significant relation was found between outsourced companies in different services and nutrition status (r=-0.443*, p=.0.075). The study recommends designing effective policies, establishing women’s carrier orientation desks, the need to scale up in periodical campaign to ensure anti-human trafficking measures, help citizen in understanding that awareness in fighting human trafficking, discuss on the women and girls rights.

Exploring factors that contribute to human trafficking in Ethiopia: a socio-ecological perspective

BackgroundA number of individuals in Ethiopia are involved in illegal types of transnational migration, namely human trafficking and smuggling. The magnitude is not declining despite efforts to curb it. An in-depth understanding of the reasons for trafficking is needed to control human trafficking and its consequences.MethodsThe study included four focus group discussions and 44 in-depth interviews conducted in three border towns, five trafficking-stricken areas, and the IOM transit center for returnees in Addis Ababa. Participants were victims of trafficking, emigrants, community members, police, immigration personnel, and staff of labor and social affairs offices and non-government organizations. Based on the social-ecological model framework, content analysis was implemented using opencode-4.03 software.ResultsFactors identified as possibly encouraging acts of illegal migration included community attitudes such as having a child abroad being considered a measure of status, and the reluctance to do certain types of works associated with low social status when at home. There was, however, willingness to do similar work abroad, which was coupled with the belief that wages for such jobs were better abroad than at home and a lack of knowledge regarding differences in working conditions in the two settings. Further reasons given were poor government service provisions, ineffective immigration policies, political instability, government focus on reactive and poorly coordinated control rather than on sustainable prevention of human trafficking and corruption. Corruption was said to be the underlying factor for the poor coordination among government agencies, communities, and individuals. These factors, among others, led to the loss of trust and belief in local governance, resources, and opportunities to build one’s future at home, thereby creating fertile ground for illegal migration, including smuggling and possibly trafficking.ConclusionsIndividual lack of trust and belief in local governance, resources, and opportunities to build one’s future was the main reason why people resorted to migrate in a manner subjecting them to human trafficking. Thus, comprehensive and coordinated efforts involving government agencies, communities, and other stakeholders are needed to help curb human trafficking and its consequences.

Using School-Based Health Programs to Prevent Human Trafficking: The Mount Sinai Experience.

This article describes how school-based health centers can serve as human trafficking prevention sites.Setting:School-based health centers are available to all students attending a school and are often located in schools whose students have risk factors associated with human trafficking: those with a history of running away from home; unstable housing or homelessness; a history of childhood maltreatment or substance use; LGBTQ-identification; physical or developmental disabilities, including students who have Individualized Education Programs and need special education; gang involvement; and/or a history of involvement in child welfare or the juvenile justice system. The Mount Sinai Adolescent Health Center provides a model of the types of service school clinics can offer, including integrated medical, sexual, and reproductive health, health education, and behavioral and mental health.Activities:Identifying young people with risk factors and addressing those factors in our clinics in a timely way can disrupt the progression to human trafficking. In addition, if young people who are trafficked are attending schools that have a clinic, their health needs, such as care for sexually transmitted infections and mental health issues, can be addressed on-site. Lastly, some people go to school to recruit students for human trafficking. By raising awareness and addressing human trafficking in the school, students can become aware of this issue and perhaps gain the ability to ask for help if they are approached or know of other students being recruited by a trafficker.Implications:The location of easily-accessible, adolescent-friendly, trafficking-aware services in schools can prevent, identify and intervene in human trafficking.

Mitigating trafficking of migrants and children through disaster risk reduction: Insights from the Thailand flood

Thailand's flood of 2011 was devastating for the communities and inhabitants of the country, affecting approximately 13 million people and causing damages totaling THB 1.43 trillion (46.5 billion USD). The presence of a natural hazards disaster such as this can magnify individuals' vulnerability to human trafficking, or mitigate it depending on the disaster risk reduction practices of the surrounding community. The Sendai Framework is the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction's international framework for these situations, outlining targets and priorities for action to reduce negative outcomes, such as trafficking, from natural events. This study aimed to understand how a disaster risk reduction and preparedness lens, based on the Sendai Framework, in the context of the humanitarian response to this 2011 flood, could inform human trafficking prevention efforts for future disasters. Qualitative methodology, utilizing a content analysis approach, was employed. It was found that migrant workers and children were at the greatest risk for trafficking, and resiliency efforts by communities and families, in conjunction with coordinated initiatives by NGOs and the government, were essential in preserving individuals' well-being. Further, the Sendai Framework is a promising tool to address these areas of disaster response in which the windows of opportunity for traffickers can be closed and those at high trafficking risk can be protected. As disasters continue to occur, there remains a strong need to bring forth a more systematic disaster risk reduction and resilience-enhancing approach to trafficking prevention.

Protection of victims of human trafficking in the Jordanian law: A comparative study with the UK Modern Slavery Act 2015

This study focuses on the adequacy of the protection provided by the Jordanian Human Trafficking Prevention Law and measures the obligations incurred by Jordan according to the Palermo Protocol. This study also compares the protection cited in the Jordanian Law for the victims of human trafficking with the protection provided by the UK Modern Slavery Act of 2015, a modern and world-leading law in addressing the crime of human trafficking. This study presents a number of important results involving the insufficient protection provided by the Jordanian Law to victims of human trafficking. Additionally, this study proposes a set of recommendations, such as stipulating the non-punishment principle, insisting on the victim’s right to remain in the state’s territory, either temporarily or permanently, and providing adequate protection for women and children by stipulating special measures for them in the Jordanian Law, as they are the groups most vulnerable to human trafficking.

Partnering for Human Trafficking Prevention: Implementing Love146's Not a Number Curriculum through Minnesota's Safe Harbor Program

The Minnesota Department of Health (MDH) Safe Harbor Program promotes Love146’s Not a Number (NAN) human trafficking for youth. This collaboration reaches youth in a variety of settings through a multidirectional format that integrates issues familiar to young people while increasing their knowledge and skill for navigating situations where trafficking or exploitation is a risk or occurring. Safe Harbor prefers NAN’s curriculum because it is tailored to youth of all genders, is updated to reflect the lived experiences of youth, allows for cultural specificity, includes labor trafficking, and requires program fidelity. The partnership supports Minnesota’s public health, population-level strategies for preventing human trafficking and exploitation (sex and labor). NAN is also a means for responding to youth needs identified by the Minnesota Student Survey and other data to improve health, safety, and identification of protective factors.