Characteristics Of Human Development Research Articles

Pharmaceutical care in the health of Autistic Spectrum disorder

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a series of neurological and behavioural complications that destabilize several characteristics of human development. Some patients require psychopharmacological treatment to control symptoms. When these drugs interfere negatively in quality of life, their use deserves special attention. The objective of this article was to verify the importance of the pharmaceutical professional in the monitoring of autistic children and adolescents in a group of autistics of the North of Minas Gerais Association of Support to the Autistic (ANDA). The pharmacotherapeutic profile was determined, and the incidence of medication-related problems was surveyed. For this, an anthropometric evaluation, blood glucose and cholesterol test and verification of adherence to treatment were performed. It was found that the monitoring of the autistic patient by the clinical pharmacist is of fundamental importance, focused on primary health care. The professional should monitor the appearance of dyslipidaemia and other metabolic disorders in autistic patients, especially those who use atypical antipsychotics and who have food selectivity, or motor dysfunction associated with autism.

Investigating the Temporal and Spatial Dynamics of Human Development Index: A Comparative Study on Countries and Regions in the Eastern Hemisphere from the Perspective of Evolution

The Human Development Index (HDI) is a prevailing indicator to present the status and trend of sustainability of nations, hereby offers a valuable measurement on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Revealing the dynamics of the HDI of the Eastern Hemisphere countries is vital for measurement and evaluation of the human development process and revealing the spatial disparities and evolutionary characteristics of human development. However, the statistical data-based HDI, which is currently widely applied, has defects in terms of data availability and inconsistent statistical caliber. To tackle such an existing gap, we applied nighttime lights (NTL) data to reconstruct new HDI indicators named HDINTL and quantify the HDINTL at multispatial scales of Eastern Hemisphere countries during 1992–2013. Results showed that South Central Asia countries had the smallest discrepancies in HDINTL, while the largest was found in North Africa. The national-level HDINTL values in the Eastern Hemisphere ranged between 0.138 and 0.947 during 1992–2013. At the subnational scale, the distribution pattern of HDINTL was spatially clustered based on the results of spatial autocorrelation analysis. The evolutionary trajectory of subnational level HDINTL exhibited a decreasing and then increasing trend along the northwest to the southeast direction of Eastern Hemisphere. At the pixel scale, 93.52% of the grids showed an increasing trend in HDINTL, especially in the urban agglomerations of China and India. These results are essential for the ever-improvement of policy making to reduce HDI’s regional disparity and promote the continuous development of humankind’s living qualities. This study offers an improved HDI accounting method. It expects to extend the channel of HDI application, e.g., potential integration with environmental, physical, and socioeconomic data where the NTL data could present as well.

PSYCHOLOGICAL AGE OF CIVILIZATION

The article presents the first part of the study devoted to the system periodization of the development of modern European civilization and to the comparison of the initial period of the development of civilization with the corresponding periods of human development. One of the main criteria considers the similarity of goals and means of expression of art of a certain period in the development of civilization and characteristics of human development in the particular period of life, including the features of game activities. From the point of view of systems analysis, art is a specific element of civilization representing an information model of major, substantial system links emerging within civilization at different stages of its development. The existence of such a model allows civilization to effectively reproduce and mold links, required for its development, in various zones of civilizational space. This determines the necessity of art for any civilization. Art is a conceptual design of a building or a ship which helps to construct not just one real building or one real ship, but any number of buildings or ships. Art plays the same role in the case of civilization as a game in the case of each individual. A childs or an adults play allows a human to form the relations which are essential for further life (or else to free oneself from unwanted, parasitic ties) these relations are formed through the imitation of real life situations, not putting a person at risk or endanging anyone. In the same way art, being the game of civilization, allows doing the same for social strata in their entirety and society as a whole. The functional semblance of the phenomena of modeling of real world system links in human games and in art allows us to assume that the aims and the expressive means which characterize the art of a certain period of civilization development can be analogous to the specificities of human development in the respective period of life. And moreover, these aims and means can be analogous to the aims and specific features of games played by man at a certain age. Thus, an opportunity is provided to compare the agebased periodization of human life and psychological age of separate epochs in the development of civilization, as depicted in works of art. In the presented part of the research we adduce the description of such analogies covering the initial period of European civilization development from approximately V to VIII centuries, which according to the proposed study corresponds to the first three years of a childs life.

The willingness of university teachers to teaching students with special educational needs

At the present stage, higher education as a social institution is one of the most important factors of spiritual and cultural mobility. However, it is not available to all social categories. Today, the higher school faces a very difficult task – the full implementation of inclusive vocational education. In this regard, there is a need for knowledge and understanding by specialists working in the system of inclusive education of the problems of inclusive education, patterns and characteristics of human development with developmental disorders, social relationships of students with special educational needs and features of his health. During the research work, we conducted a comparative analysis of the works of Kazakh and foreign scientists. The aim is to determine the readiness of University teachers to teach students with special educational needs. To study this problem, we conducted a survey with the teaching staff of the University – 70 teachers in different directions. The following methods of psychological and pedagogical research were used: analysis of literary sources, methods of generalization of scientific material and practical experience, questioning. The results obtained in the course of the study allowed to identify the problem area associated with the training of students with special educational needs. In inclusive education requires professional support of teachers, psychological, methodological support, advice to teachers from specialists in the diagnosis of students. The article reviews the ongoing work on the formation of teachers ‘ readiness for inclusive education at Zhetysu state University After I. Zhansugurov. Key words: higher education institution, vocational education, students with special educational needs, the learning process.

Quality of the water fluoridation and municipal-level indicators in a Brazilian metropolitan region

This study explored the relationship between water fluoridation quality and development indicators at municipal level. In addition, fluoride concentrations found were classified based on two criteria for interpreting the samples. A cross-sectional ecological exploratory study was carried out including all municipalities of the metropolitan region of Great Vitória, ES, Brazil. From May to October 2016, 648 samples of water were collected covering water treatment plants responsible for more than 80% of the population of each municipality. The fluoride concentration of each sample was determined using ion-specific electrode and the results were classified according to the federal act and the criterion proposed by the Collaborating Center of the Brazilian Ministry of Health for Oral Health Surveillance. The outcome was the rate of values included in the optimal concentration interval and the independent variables were municipal-level indicators related to demographics, economics, sanitation, health conditions and human development characteristics. The Spearman test and Kappa statistic were used in the analysis. The percentage of samples presenting optimal fluoride concentration ranged from 68.1 to 81.4%, considering the two criteria used. The Kappa statistic between the criteria was 0.671 (p-value = 0.001). Human development, average coverage of supervised toothbrushing, and total population showed a strong positive correlation with the quality of fluoridation while infant mortality and tooth-extraction/dental procedures ratio showed a strong negative correlation. The plausibility of observed correlations encourages further investigations of potential causes.

Modified Estimates Of Human Potential In The Regions Of Russian Federation Taking Into Consideration The Risks Of Health Losses And Social Tensions

1This paper discusses the shortcomings of estimates of the level and quality of socio-economic development of the countries and regions of indicators due to excessive aggregation indicators taken into account that reflect various aspects of the social process. A modified human development index is suggested, which allows more clearly distinguish regions on levels and trends of their development, on the basis of a more complete and detailed calculation of different sides of the social process in its composition. With use of this index of cluster analysis a stable classification of regions of the Russian Federation on the characteristics of human development and their changes for 1994-2012 was obtained on the basis of the published official statistics. On the basis of the results were generated homogeneous groups of regions by values of human development index components taken into account and were identified the most important for their development directions of social and economic policy.

Anomalies of the Extensor Pollicis Longus and Extensor Indicis Muscles in Two Cadaveric Cases

A great variety of anomalies of hand extensor musculature have been described over the last century and a half, beginning with Wood (1864) [15–19]. Hand extensor anomalies have been observed in cadaveric cases, during hand surgeries, and through imaging. The continued identification of these anomalies is important in academic studies to examine limb function and characteristics of human development. In addition, reporting limb anomalies is important not only in the clinical diagnosis and treatment of limb dysfunction and injury, but also for awareness in human anatomical and functional variation. In this case study, we present cadaveric cases of muscular anomalies in the third and fourth extensor compartments of the wrist and anomalous tendons that were observed and identified by students during dissection in a graduate human gross anatomy course. Bilateral anomalies were observed in the extensors of the thumb and index finger in the hands of a 103-year-old female cadaver, and a unilateral anomaly was observed in an 85-year-old female cadaver. Dissection and isolation of the anomalies showed some similarity of the anomalies between the two cadavers, in that the anomalies presented associations between the individual extensors in the third and fourth extensor compartments. Further, the cadavers were received in sequential order through the Body Donation Program at Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine and were investigated for a familial link.