Housework Research Articles

Concept Development of Multi Blade Potato Slicer

In Domestic field & Professional life situations like that where a home maker or Professional may need to use potato slicer to make potato chips. Usually, regular potato slicer is used by small and medium range hot potato chips maker, but it consumes both time and energy of the chips maker because of its single blade. By introducing multi-blade in potato slicer, we can save the energy and time of the chips maker. Potato slicer with multi blade will not only save the energy and time of the chips maker, it also increase the production rate of the potato chips. For example slicer with three blades will increase the 3 times production of the regular slicer.

Program Kerja Rumah Pintar dalam Mengembangkan Literasi Budaya Anak Usia Sekolah Dasar di Yayasan Fajar Sejahtera Indonesia (YAFSI) Kelurahan Amplas

This research was conducted at the Smart House of the Fajar Sejahtera Indonesia Foundation (YAFSI) in Amplas Village. The study aimed to determine the efforts of volunteers in developing cultural literacy programs at the Smart House of the Fajar Sejahtera Indonesia Foundation (YAFSI) in Amplas Village, to identify the factors causing the low implementation of the Smart House's work program in developing cultural literacy for elementary school children at the Fajar Sejahtera Indonesia Foundation (YAFSI) in Amplas Village, and to assess the impact and benefits of the Smart House program on children and the community. In conducting this research, the researcher chose qualitative research with a descriptive approach. To obtain data, the researcher used interview, observation, and documentation techniques. Triangulation of sources technique was employed to test the validity of the data. The results of this study showed that: 1). The efforts of volunteers in developing cultural literacy work programs have been well-implemented, such as providing understanding and strengthening of cultural literacy, the availability of adequate literacy facilities, and collaboration with other organizational institutions. 2). There are several factors that cause the low implementation of the work program, including the lack of awareness or concern among children about information development related to cultural literacy, limited facilities such as reading materials, mutual understanding, and low interest and motivation among children. Therefore, the presence of the Smart House program aims to direct children to continue developing various literacy activities, especially cultural literacy. Given this, the YAFSI Smart House volunteers have introduced various positive and creative work programs to advance cultural literacy development, such as traditional dance activities, storytelling, singing, reading, and more. 3). The impact and benefits provided by the YAFSI Smart House program include children becoming character-based peer educators, having high literacy attitudes, and implementing various activities reflecting cultural literacy development. The impact and benefits for the community include the ability to transform the community to advance in building businesses and entrepreneurship based on local potential.

Depiction of Patriarchal Society in Disney's Cinderella

Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine the patriarchal society of Disney’s Cinderella using patriarchal analysis. Cinderella is a well know adaptation of the fairytale. Although seemingly a harmless cartoon about princess, it actually has a harmful representation of a patriarchal society. Methodology/approach: Descriptive qualitative and library research methods were used to analyze and describe the quotations and transcripts based on the Kate Millet theory of sexual politics. Results/findings: From the research, two signs of patriarchal society are depicted: (1) the ideological sign where every male character in the movie thinks of women as something to be subjugated at and to be married to continue the family line. (2) Psychological signs where the female character including Cinderella is accepting their traditional role as home maker and not making any effort to escape the patriarchy Limitations: This study depicted many signs of patriarchal society in the film, but this discussion is limited only into two clear signs of patriarchal society Contribution: Hopefully, this analysis can contribute to the field of film, literary studies, and sociological perspectives.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Study on Antenatal Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus

Gestational diabetes is type of diabetes that can develop during pregnancy in women who have had no history of diabetes in the past. GDM is generally observed in women during the second or third trimester of their pregnancy, it is known to be a subtype of Diabetes Mellitus that is known as the development or the recognition of glucose intolerance during pregnancy. The risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus is greater in mothers with GDM compared to the general population. This was a prospective observational study carried out in the Department of gynecology in ESI MC & PGIMSR, Rajajinagar, Bengaluru. A total of 100 samples were collected, of which 85 were selected for the study. Subjects for the study were identified by the investigator during ward rounds based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Relevant data collected were recorded on the Self-designed data collection form. All recorded data were entered using Microsoft excel software for determining the statistical significance. The results it was found that most of the antenatal women are of age group 26-30 years, home maker, secondary school, Primi gravida, diagnosed in 3rd trimester, with no family history of gestational diabetes mellitus, low-income status and urban population. The knowledge, attitude and practice about gestational diabetes mellitus was assed. In the present study, we have concluded that good knowledge about the disease among the subjects also had good attitude and practice towards the disease. Improving the knowledge regarding the disease resulted in better health outcome among pregnant women.

Gloomy Actuality of the Feeble Fragment of Indian Society

Studying about women movement, feminist thories, contribution of women in Indian National Movement and a number of scholarly publications about the condition of women in 19th and 20th century is just the fulfilment of the formal educational agenda. These things have largely been theoretical as the objectives are never practically realised. In the prevailing time of insecurity and male dominance, apart from financial or any kind of autonomy, self-defense has also become an inexplicable parameter of women empowerment. Since harm for women is possible to become the outcome of any kind of male grudge, intention or superiority, every women - literate or illiterate working or home maker, students as well should learn the art of protection. It is extremely significant for the maintenance of female dignity and social status. Nature has given equal opportunities to the female to utilise its resources like men. Anyways, the preceding incidents or occurrences against the women with the target of their victimisation have made it a compulsion for them to develop a harsh and challenging attitude against the opposite sex for a secure and tension free existence.

Determinants of under-five pneumonia among children visited in nine public health Hospitals in Ethiopia

BackgroundPneumonia is a top serious problem for under-five children. Although pneumonia affects children worldwide, the disease's risk and consequences are more widespread in low- and middle-income countries. ObjectivesThis study aimed to identify predictors of childhood pneumonia among children who visited public Hospitals located in West Shoa Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. MethodsA case–control study was conducted among 375 (125 cases and 250 controls) to identify predictors of childhood pneumonia among children who visited in nine public health Hospitals from May to July 2022. Binary logistic regression was used to analyze the data. Variables with a p-value less than 0.05 in a multivariable logistic regression were declared statistically significant. ResultsAmong respondents 42.1% were males and 57.9% were females. Factors such as using water without soap for hand washing before child feeding [AOR: 3.09, 95% CI: 1.59–6.00] and house near the street [AOR: 2.87, 95% CI: 1.54–5.37] were found to be the determinant of under-five pneumonia. Similarly, animal dung as a source of fuel [AOR: 2.26, 95% CI: 1.06–4.79], Child care given by the house worker or home maid [AOR: 3.35, 95% CI: 1.59–7.05], and having acute respiratory tract infection in the last two weeks [AOR: 6.46, 95% CI: 3.32–12.56] were significantly associated with under-five pneumonia. ConclusionsHand washing with soap before child feeding, cooking with animal manure, and a history of acute respiratory tract infection in the previous two weeks were found as risk factors for childhood pneumonia.

BREAST CANCER AWARENESS AND SCREENING USING BSE, CBE AND CLINICAL FOLLOW UP AMONG RURAL WOMEN OF TRIPURA, NORTH-EAST INDIA

Background: Breast cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer morbidity and mortality among females around the globe. In India its the second most common cancer in females which is chiefly attributed to lack of knowledge on breast cancer and Breast Self Examination (BSE) especially among rural women. The purpose of this study was to assess the level of awareness on breast cancer, BSE and Clinical Breast Examination (CBE) of rural women having breast problems and their follow up. Methodology: This cross sectional descriptive study was carried out in the rural area around AGMC, Agartala, Tripura among the women. The data was collected by social workers from door to door using a predesigned questionnaire covering various aspects. Brief talk on awareness and BSE was given in form of on-site group discussions. Results: Out of 774 participants, majority belonged to the age group of 40-50 years having school level education(46.8%), married(88.5%), home maker(54.6%), below poverty line (58.8%). Most common electronic source of information were television/radio(75.4%). Most of them identified family history(72.7%) as risk factor & breast lump(100%) as most common symptom of breast cancer. Lacking knowledge about BSE(40.3%) was identified as an important barrier for conducting it. Only 17.8% practiced BSE. Conclusions: This study showed that the overall knowledge of breast cancer and BSE is inadequate and insufficient which warrants effective sensitization by public health education/programmes thus enhancing the knowledge and prevention strategies. This will help in early detection of breast cancer thus reducing morbidity, mortality and burden of disease.

Gender stereotypes and their correlates: the moderating role of voluntary sports club membership.

This study examined the correlates of gender stereotypes and the moderating role of membership in a voluntary sports club. Drawing on the contact hypothesis, this study argues that gender stereotypes are lower when individuals regularly have the opportunity to meet and play sport with such people, for example in a voluntary sports club. Survey data from the European Values Study are used for the analysis (n = 36,185; 30 countries). Gender stereotypes are measured with statements on gender role attributes. Regression results show that membership in a voluntary sports club, being a student, income, and living in a more gender equal country significantly reduce gender stereotypes. On the contrary, male gender, living in a partnership, having children, lower and medium education, part-time employment, self-employment, unemployment, being a home maker, and living in a small town are correlates of higher gender stereotypes. Interacting the latter correlates with sports club membership support its moderating effect in the sense that most correlates turn insignificant or have smaller coefficients. The only variables retaining their coefficient size are self-employment and living in a small town. The findings support the contact hypothesis and suggest that sports clubs are places that lessen gender stereotypes.

A Study to Assess the Effectiveness of Planned Health Teaching Program on Knowledge regarding HPV Vaccine for Cervical Cancer among women in selected rural area of Mehsana District

Introduction: Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus. Available HPV vaccine protect against either two, four, or nine types of HPV. All HPV vaccines protect against at least HPV types 16and18, which cause the greatest risk of cervical cancer. It is estimated that HPV vaccine may prevent 70% of cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is persistent infection with high-risk types of human papillomavirus an extremely common family of viruses that are transmitted through sexual contact.1 Design: A quantitative approach using pre experimental one group pre-test post-test design. Participants: 100 women were selected using non probability convenience sampling technique in selected rural area of mehsana district. Intervention: planned health teaching programme was given to the women. Tool: self-structured questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge of women regarding HPV vaccine for cervical cancer. Results: in this study overall the highest percentage in the demographic data including Age group 40% (19-21year), religion 76% (Hindu), Marital status 83% (unmarried), Education 43% (higher Secondary), Occupation 40% (Home maker), and family income 35% (below poverty), Previous knowledge 65% (Yes), The post- test Knowledge mean score (14.1±3.26) higher than the mean pre-test knowledge score (8.25±3.10). The calculated “t’’ value (13.29) was greater than the table value (1.98) at 0.05 level of significance. The planned health teaching programme was effective in increasing the knowledge of women regarding HPV vaccine for cervical cancer. Conclusion: The findings of the study revealed that planned teaching programme helps in improving knowledge regarding HPV vaccine for cervical cancer among the women.

Navigating through Challenges in Marriage: A Study of Women in Ayotunde Mamudu’s Ruffled Butterflies

The family setting is an integral part of any society and the woman plays the role of a nurturer and home maker. The rancour and discord in a home have reverberating effects on other fabrics of the society hence the need to ensure the maintenance of a harmonious and peaceful home. Anchoring the study on Akachi Adimora-Ezeigbo’s snail-sense feminism, a variant of African feminism, we examine the strategies that are key to engendering peace and progress in homes as exemplified in Ayotunde Mamudu’s Ruffled Butterflies (2019). While the woman asserts herself and strives towards her personal emancipation and fulfilment, she is confronted with intimidating challenges at the home front that can pose as great threats to the actualisation of her dreams and goals. The study reveals that the strategies adopted by the woman helps her maintain a stable and happy family while ensuring that her efforts towards personal development are not undermined or thwarted. The study concludes that family members should eschew all forms of deviant behaviour that can endanger the home. It also encourages partnership and complementarity between the sexes.

Knowledge of Slum-Dwelling Adult Women Regarding Harms of Tobacco Use

Background: Tobacco use has become one of the major causes of premature deaths in developing countries including Bangladesh. Incidence of tobacco consumption among the women in developing country is increased day by day. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of slum dwelling adult women regarding harms of tobacco use. Materials & Methods: This descriptive type of cross-sectional study was conducted in selected urban slums of Dhaka North City Corporation from 1st January 2021 to 31st December 2021. Total 300 slum dwelling adult women was selected by convenience sampling technique. Data were collected through face to face interview using a pre-tested semi structured questionnaire. Results: In the study, the mean age of the respondents was 32 (± 6.96) years where maximum (44.3%) within the age group of 20-29 years. Majorities (97%) of the respondents were muslim and 93.7% were married. Among them 29% women were completed primary education. Most (59.3%) of the respondents were home maker and majority (96.0%) of them were came from nuclear family. The study showed that most (56%) of the respondents consumed smokeless tobacco (Jarda, Sada pata, Gul) and only 1.7% respondents consumed smoking tobacco (bidi). Majority of the women knew that tobacco use can cause different types of cancer but many of them did not know that tobacco use had detrimental effects on reproductive health of women. Television (44.3%) was the main source of the information about harms of tobacco use. The mean knowledge score of the respondents was 7.8 (±2.4). Association between most of the socio-demographic variables and the respondent’s knowledge score regarding harms of tobacco use was found statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion: This study revealed that the educational levels of most of the slum women were low and they had the lowest mean knowledge score regarding harmful effects of tobacco use. Health educational programs and awareness campaigns should be conducted among slum dwelling women of urban community to increase their knowledge on harmful effects of tobacco use. JOPSOM 2021; 40(2): 58-64

"Assessing the Knowledge on Microbiological Quality of Kitchens Sponges Used among the Home Maker in the Households"

Background: Domestic environment, in particular, kitchen setting is a well-established source of microbial contamination. Kitchen sponges represent an important vehicle of microbial transmission and maintenance of spoilage bacteria and pathogenic strains responsible for food borne diseases. Many studies reported that women in household adopt of poor practices in kitchen regarding food hygiene, handling of kitchen cleaning equipments and food safety. Aim: The aim of this current study was to evaluate the household knowledge, practice and attitude on usage of kitchen sponges‟ and microbial contamination. Methods & Material: A total of 100 volunteers were participated and collected the data through unstructured questionnaire about „in-use‟ kitchen sponges, improving the knowledge on their role in cross-contamination in domestic environment. Results: 36% of them share washing sponges with another member, 6% of them use the sponge more than 2 months, 52% of them said not received any sun ray on sponges and 48% of them not use separate sponges for cleaning oily and non- oily utensils. Results confirm the potential role of kitchen sponges as vehicle for food-borne pathogens. Conclusion: It is observed that high the necessity to improve a proper education of the consumers on the effective treatment to reduce their microbial loads.

Assessment knowledge regarding healthy food and actual eating habits of adolescent students (13-16 years)

Present research work was carried out to assess knowledge regarding healthy food and actual eating habits of adolescent students (age 13-16 years). Total 120 students (30 from each school) with equal representation of girls and boys of adolescents age group 13-16 years were selected by using random sampling 4 schools was selected as per Google map from the East, West, South, North region of Udaipur city. The data were collected by using self developed questionnaire; the data was analyzed by using statistical analysis mean, standard deviation and t-test. The result regarding personal information most of the students were age group of 14, belongs to Hindu religion and general category had nuclear and 1 to 4 family members, one earning member in family and income was less than 2 lack, majority of student’s father had own business and mother was home maker, food habit was found vegetarian. Knowledge regarding healthy food was assessed on different aspects of nutrition like functions of food, healthy food, food groups and balance diet nutrient deficiencies and their prevention, Overall knowledge of respondents was good (38.3%), (28.3%) were found average, (29.2%)were in poor and only (3.3%) had excellent knowledge regarding healthy food. The results show that the nutrient intakes for both genders in both age groups were not sufficient and it was lower than recommended dietary allowances. Intake of nutrients such as energy, protein, iron, fiber, calcium, vitamin C,B1,B2, niacin, zinc was found to be very low than RDA because the daily consumption of fruits and vegetables, milk and milk product, whole grain cereals, pulses, nuts were inadequate by them in their daily diet.

An Exploration of Women Owned Home-based Business Through Institutional Theory Lens: A Case of Peshawar, Pakistan

This paper aims to explore the dynamics of women owned home-based businesses in the normative context of Peshawar. It helps to add to our understanding of how women create and manage their ventures and get legitimacy in a context where they live like second-class citizen with no rights. The study also highlights the impact of these ventures on their lives and household. A qualitative approach was used to explore the creation and management of women owned home-based businesses in the context of Peshawar. 20 women entrepreneurs were selected through purposive sampling technique. In-depth interviews were conducted to understand the lived experiences. Data was analyzed using thematic analysis. We have built on institutional theory to understand the creation and management of women owned home-based enterprises, which brought about unique insights into this ever-prevailing phenomenon. The findings of this study reveal that given the distinctive context of Peshawar, the role responsibilities of women are shaped through multiple socio-cultural and religious interpretations. Compliance to which, defines the grounds of negotiation for adopting an entrepreneurial career. This makes the venture creation a bounded phenomenon and highly dependent on the familial approval for which norms and values within normative context are negotiated. With familial approval, a home based women entrepreneur (HBWE) ensures her belongingness to the family mores. A legitimacy of HBWE is contingent upon the trust of the family members as an entrepreneur and home maker. At this level, she represents as role model by sharing control which enhances the cultural acceptability of home-based businesses (HBBs). This study has portrayed transition of HBWE through compliance, negotiating, belongingness, legitimacy, emancipation and empowerment.

Management of Avabahuka (stage I primary frozen shoulder) through Wet cupping therapy: A single case report

Frozen shoulder goes through three progressive phases of pain, stiffness and gradual recovery, as initially proposed by Reeves in 1975. Patients experience both pain and restriction of movement, the timing and extent of these symptoms is a matter of debate. Frozen shoulder is often described as ‘self-limiting’ meaning that recovery will be achieved over time, regardless of treatment approach. A 51 years old home maker, type I diabetic female patients was complaining of right dominating shoulder pain with stiffness and actively restricted shoulder joint movement since last 4 months. A case successfully managed by 3 sessions of wet cupping in 7 days of intervals. The patient was assessed by Visual Analog Scale score and active range of movement. This case report shows that the cases of primary frozen shoulder can be successfully managed with wet cupping therapy.

WORK-STRESS AND WORK-PRESSURE OF WOMEN NURSING STAFF IN CORPORATE HOSPITALS DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A STUDY IN VISAKHAPATNAM CITY

Traditionally, the role of woman was conned to cooking, cleaning and taking care of her children. They were looked upon as care giver or as home maker and were denied access outside home. But now the situation has been changed because they have to play many important roles even outside their home. The main objective of this study is to nd out the work-stress and work- pressure of nursing women in corporate hospitals during Covid-19 pandemic. For this purpose the primary data was collected from the female nurses of selected 17 Corporate Hospitals in Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Totally there are about 1500 population of women nurses working in various departments of medical, surgery, outpatient and ICU in selected Corporate Hospitals. While the Google sample size calculator indicates 306 as sample for the total population with different demographic backgrounds has been selected randomly for the study purpose. The data was analysed by SPSS package and revealed that hard working groups found less work-stress and work-pressure than their counterparts due to their job commitments at the work place. This highlights the critical need for corporate hospitals to equip employees at all levels with the tools necessary to confront bias and act as allies, as well as take bold steps to address burnout. They must recognise and reward the women nurses who are advancing the profession in every way. Additionally, they must engage in the extensive cultural work necessary to create an environment where all women feel valued.

Role of media in portaying women in India

Mass media is a prime stakeholder which transmits different sorts of messages to the larger level of society. It has a crucial role in terms of socialization process among the people. Human evaluation has witness about the contribution of Mass-media in mobilization of common people in different revolution throughout the globe. During Indian independence movement role of mass media too played a unique role to create a shape, the outlook about women through several audio-visual sources. In other words media is a way through which it demonstrates the challenges and obstacles faced by women in the society. The women are portrayed as a commodity in patriarchal society by the so called mass media in the era of post capitalism. The popular sorts of mass media such as cinema, advertisement, serials are showing the women as ‘Daily Content’ instead of a powerful and inevitable stakeholder of social development and prosperity. Therefore it can be attributed to domestic and social violation of women in everyday life. Whenever a woman is victimized then the media again put pressure by expositing her details address, name and physical description too. Till 50’s-60’s portrayed women as submissive, supportive and a home maker .

Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge Regarding Prevention of Uterine Prolapse among Married Women Residing In Selected Areas of Dera Bassi, District Mohali, Punjab

Introduction: Reproductive health, is defined as the state of physical, mental, and social well-being in all matters relating to the reproductive system at all stages of life. Reproductive health implies that people are able to have a satisfying and safe sex life and that they have the capability to reproduce and the freedom to decide if, when, and how often to do so. Implicit in this definition are the rights of men and women to be informed and to have access to safe, effective, affordable, and acceptable methods of family planning of their choice, and the right to appropriate health-care services that enable women to safely go through pregnancy and childbirth1. Maternal mortality is perhaps the most important cause of loss of healthy life and cause that could be readily reduced through improved quality of care. One of the reason for maternal morbidity is uterine prolapse. Uterine prolapse is widespread chronic reproductive health problem. It mainly affects woman’s quality of life drastically.2 Material and Methods: An experimental design to evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Prevention of Uterine Prolapse among married Women. The study was conducted on 30 samples each in experimental and control group. Data was collected from September 2019 to November 2019. A structured knowledge questionnaire was used to evaluate the Effectiveness of Structured Teaching Programme on Knowledge regarding Prevention of Uterine Prolapse among married Women. Result: The data revealed that, In experimental group, 40% of the subject belonged to the age group 26-30 years, 46.7% were educated up to senior secondary, 73.3% were home maker, and 36.7% had 20001-40000 monthly family income. 60 % had 2 children, 83.4% had vaginal delivery, 83.4% had no previous knowledge regarding prevention of uterine prolapse, 93.3% subject had not adopted the preventive measure of uterine prolapse and 90% subjects had no family history of uterine prolapse whereas in control group, 33.4% of the subject belongs to the age group of 31-35 years, 36.8% were educated up to senior secondary, 83.4% were home maker, 43.4% had <20000 monthly family income, 43.4% had 2 children, 73.4% had vaginal delivery, 90% had no any previous information regarding prevention of uterine prolapse, 96.7% had not adopted preventive measure of uterine prolapse and, 83.3% subjects does not have any family history of uterine prolapse. The mean post-test knowledge score (28.03+5.09) was higher than mean pre-test knowledge score (11.16+3.45) in experimental group while in control group the mean pre-test and post-test knowledge score was almost similar (10.73+1.98 vs. 10.83+2.22) which indicated the effectiveness of structured teaching programme. in control group no significant association was found between post-test knowledge score regarding uterine prolapse and demographic variables, age (F=0.483), educational qualification (F=0.336), occupation (F=0.252), total monthly family income (F=1.072), number of children (F=0.053), mode of delivery (t=0.610), previous knowledge regarding prevention of uterine prolapse (t=0.134), if yes source of information (t=0.13.2), any measure adopted for prevention of uterine prolapse (t=4.779), any family history of uterine prolapse (t=0.689) at p level<0.05. Conclusion: After the detailed analysis of this study it shows that structured teaching programme regarding prevention of uterine prolapse was effective in enhancing the knowledge of married women..

A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY TO ASSESS THE USAGE AND ATTITUDES TOWARDS MEDIA AND TECHNOLOGY AMONG STUDENTS AT SELECTED COLLEGE, DEHRADUN

Introduction: Technology has revolutionized the world over the past 20 years but that revolution didnt come without a price. Digital and new media technologies are profoundly reshaping how people communicate, seek entertainment and education, conduct commercial activity and access community-based services. Digital technologies are almost ubiquitous in post industrial societies, and considerable research illustrates that those at risk of social and economic marginalization are especially vulnerable to digital nonparticipation or under participation, which potentially compounds disadvantage and lack of opportunity. People rely on digital media and technology as part of their everyday lives in order to: stay informed remain connected to family, friends and community purchase goods and services gain an education participate as digital citizens seek employment or remain employed in contemporary work settings access government services. Although, communication through technology helps in certain times, like during loneliness, it does not substitute or compare with face-to face verbal communication. Particularly for these younger students, who have not lived lives without the often immersive and pervasive presence of media technology in their lives, it came as almost a surprise or at least unexpected thought that there could be life without media technology and that a life without its presence could possibly be something one would want. Social networking has become an important part of a students social life. It is now considered as a learning platform which helps in improving student engagement and capabilities in schools, colleges. Problem statement: A study to assess the usage and attitude towards the media and technology among students at selected college, Dehradun. Aims: To assess the usage and attitude towards the media and technology among students at selected college, Dehradun. Objectives 1. To assess the usage towards the media and technology among students. 2. To assess the attitude towards the media and technology among students. 3. To find out the correlation between usage and attitude towards the media and technology among students. 4. To find out the association between usage and attitude towards the media and technology and selected demographic variables. Methodology: The nature of the study was quantitative approach and descriptive research design. Non probability sampling technique was used in this study. The content validity done by 4 experts in the field of nursing. The study was conducted at Shri Guru Ram Rai University, College of Nursing, Dehradun is a private institute and running various programs. This study included 60 respondents and their how does they use and have attitude towards media and technology was assessed by using standardized usage and attitude scale. The study was explained to the respondent and their consent was obtained. The data collection was done by self administrative method. The collected data was analyzed and interpreted by using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: Maximum percentage of students 73.3% were of 20-23 years of age. All the samples are 60 in number out of which maximum percentage 83.3% were females. The highest percentage 93.3 of subjects belongs to Hindu religion. Majority 81.7% of students to belongs nuclear family. Family income shows that 58.3% of subjects have above Rs 31000 family income. Students fathers occupation were 55%the government employee. Maximum the mothers of student, 73.3% were home maker. Majority 71.7% of the subjects belongs to urban area. Study showed that correlation between the usage and attitude towards media and technology is 1.So, there is strongly correlation between usage and attitude towards media and technology. There is significant association between usage towards media and technology and religion among students. Thus, research hypothesis is accepted. There is significant association attitude towards media and technology and occupation of mother, area of living among students. Thus, research hypothesis is accepted. Summary:The results revealed that 63.3% have positive attitude towards media and technology. So, it has a strong positive relationship between the usage and the attitude among the respondents. Mean score is 53.5 and SD is 9.98.

Impact of Meteorological Factors and Southern Oscillation Index on Scrub Typhus Incidence in Guangzhou, Southern China, 2006-2018.

Background: Scrub typhus was epidemic in the western Pacific Ocean area and East Asia, scrub typhus epidemic in densely populated areas in southern China. To better understand the association between meteorological variables, Southern Oscillation Index (SOI), and scrub typhus incidence in Guangzhou was benefit to the control and prevention.Methodology/Principal Findings: We collected weekly data for scrub typhus cases and meteorological variables in Guangzhou, and Southern Oscillation Index from 2006 to 2018, and used the distributed lag non-linear models to evaluate the relationships between meteorological variables, SOI and scrub typhus. The median value of each variable was set as the reference. The high-risk occupations were farmer (51.10%), house worker (17.51%), and retiree (6.29%). The non-linear relationships were observed with different lag weeks. For example, when the mean temperature was 27.7°C with1-week lag, the relative risk (RR) was highest as 1.08 (95% CI: 1.01–1.17). The risk was the highest when the relative humidity was 92.0% with 9-week lag, with the RR of 1.10 (95% CI: 1.02–1.19). For aggregate rainfall, the highest RR was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.03–1.11), when it was 83.0 mm with 4-week lag. When the SOI was 19 with 11-week lag, the highest RR was 1.06 (95% CI: 1.01–1.12). Most of the extreme effects of SOI and meteorological factors on scrub typical cases were statistically significant.Conclusion/Significance: The high-risk occupations of scrub typhus in Guangzhou were farmer, house worker, and retiree. Meteorological factors and SOI played an important role in scrub typhus occurrence in Guangzhou. Non-linear relationships were observed in almost all the variables in our study. Approximately, mean temperature, and relative humidity positively correlated to the incidence of scrub typhus, on the contrary to atmospheric pressure and weekly temperature range (WTR). Aggregate rainfall and wind velocity showed an inverse-U curve, whereas the SOI appeared the bimodal distribution. These findings can be helpful to facilitate the development of the early warning system to prevent the scrub typhus.