Home Interviews Research Articles

Lay knowledge and newborn care in Benin - home-made remedies forumbilical cord care going against recommendations

Driven by international programs specifically targeting neonatal survival, a set of recommended care practices is being promoted in West Africa. Using data from a multi-centered anthropological study, we enquire as to how local practices integrate the recommendations disseminated by these programs. The surveys were conducted in rural localities in five countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Togo. In every site, the investigations combined ethnography of newborn care and in-depth interviews in maternity homes and homes. The care of newborns is based on a set of local social representations and logics, where medical recommendations are integrated heterogeneously. In maternity wards, health professionals face difficulties in implementing recommended practices, and make various conciliations when faced with local material and social constraints. In private homes, the "messages" promoting life-saving care for newborns punctuate conversations, but lead to various interpretations and variations in care. The irregular integration of medical recommendations in neonatal care is analyzed around three areas: the divergence of intentions around the birth, the dissonances between the recommended care and the local conceptions of the newborn, theinfluence of intra-family power relations. Considering the complexity of the changes in neonatal care, we argue for the implementation of programs that respect local cultures, and for health professionals to skillfully accommodate conflicting constraints.

Soins aux nouveau-nés : les recommandations internationales face aux enjeux sociaux de la naissance

Driven by international programs specifically targeting neonatal survival, a set of recommended care practices is being promoted in West Africa. Using data from a multi-centered anthropological study, we enquire as to how local practices integrate the recommendations disseminated by these programs. The surveys were conducted in rural localities in five countries: Benin, Burkina Faso, Mali, Mauritania, and Togo. In every site, the investigations combined ethnography of newborn care and in-depth interviews in maternity homes and homes. The care of newborns is based on a set of local social representations and logics, where medical recommendations are integrated heterogeneously. In maternity wards, health professionals face difficulties in implementing recommended practices, and make various conciliations when faced with local material and social constraints. In private homes, the "messages" promoting life-saving care for newborns punctuate conversations, but lead to various interpretations and variations in care. The irregular integration of medical recommendations in neonatal care is analyzed around three areas: the divergence of intentions around the birth, the dissonances between the recommended care and the local conceptions of the newborn, theinfluence of intra-family power relations. Considering the complexity of the changes in neonatal care, we argue for the implementation of programs that respect local cultures, and for health professionals to skillfully accommodate conflicting constraints.

Association of Anemia with Activities of Daily Living in Chinese Female Centenarian.

Although anemia and activities of daily living (ADL) disability in female elderly are common conditions and are more likely to occur as people age, little is known about the association of anemia with ADL in female centenarians. The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between anemia and ADL disability in Chinese female centenarians. We conducted a population-based cross-sectional study of a sample of 822 Chinese female centenarians from 2014 to 2016. Blood analysis, home interview, and physical examination were performed following standard procedures. ADL disability was defined as a Barthel Index total score≤60. The prevalence of anemia and ADL disability were 66.8% and 29.7% respectively in Chinese female centenarians. Multiple logistic regression analyses revealed that inflammation (OR = 2.280, 95% CI, 1.524-3.410), underweight (OR = 1.653, 95% CI, 1.186-2.303), anemia (OR = 1.775, 95% CI, 1.250-2.521), and living with family (OR = 0.518, 95% CI, 0.302-0.888) were significant factors related to ADL disability. Centenarians with severe anemia had an approximately fourfold greater likelihood of ADL disability than those without anemia (OR =3.747; 95% CI 1.525-9.206). An apparent dose-response relationship was found between anemia and ADL disability. These findings may provide some insights into targeted intervention for maintaining ADL independence in female centenarians, especially encouraging the interventions of anemia to improve ADL.

Factors related to met needs for rehabilitation 6 years after stroke.

Research on stroke rehabilitation mainly concerns the first year of recovery, and there is a lack of knowledge regarding long-term rehabilitation needs and associated factors. The aim was to explore the perceived needs for rehabilitation services of people six years after stroke and factors associated with having rehabilitation services needs met. The study was a 6-year follow up of a prospective study on the rehabilitation process after stroke. Data on perceived needs for rehabilitation, personal factors, disease specific factors, and patient-reported disability were collected through face-to-face interviews in the participants' homes. Logistic regression models were created to explore associations between having rehabilitation services needs met in 11 problem areas (dependent variable) and the independent variables: involvement in decisions regarding care and treatment, sex, age, sense of coherence, self-defined level of private financing, stroke severity, frequency of social everyday activities, perceived impact of stroke, and life satisfaction. The 121 participants had a mean age of 63 years at stroke onset and 58% were men. In all problem areas the majority (53-88%) reported having needs met at six years after stroke, however 47% reported unmet needs regarding fatigue and 45% regarding mobility. A lower perceived impact on participation was found to be associated with having rehabilitation services needs met in seven problem areas: mobility, falls, pain, fatigue, concentration, memory, and sight. The strongest association for having needs met was found for the independent variable, involvement in care and treatment, within the three problem areas mobility, falls, and speaking. In a long-term perspective, there were several modifiable factors associated with having rehabilitation services needs met. The most prominent were perceived involvement in care and treatment, and perceived participation. These factors had a stronger association with having rehabilitation services needs met than disease specific factors six years after stroke.

Burden on caregivers of patients with sequelae of cerebrovascular accident.

to evaluate the burden and its relationship with the sociodemographic characteristics of caregivers of people with sequelae of stroke. a cross-sectional, exploratory, and quantitative study was conducted with 151 caregivers of people with sequelae of stroke, through home interviews between September and December 2017. there was a general mean of low burden. The items that indicated the worst changes were: "My time for social activities with friends," "My time for family activities," "My ability to cope with stress," and "My physical functioning." There was an association of burden with the female sex and with caregivers who have been assisting for longer. the results allow us to reflect on the need to create a policy aimed at family caregivers to reduce the impact of care delivery.

Urban Climate Indoors: Rethinking Heating Infrastructure in China's Non-Heating Zone

The aim of this paper is to broaden the Eurocentric architectural history of climate control by introducing a discussion of the interrelation of architecture and thermal practices in the Southern Chinese “non-heating” zone. Based on a governmental policy that dates from the 1950s, China is divided into a heated North, where urban houses enjoy the amenities of a district heating infrastructure, and a non-heated South, which lacks this infrastructure. Most high-rise buildings in this zone are constructed without insulation, and a rapidly growing middle class heats under uninsulated conditions. Residents mitigate the winter cold through active means of climate control, primarily with electric devices that serve to warm certain parts of their bodies, or warm limited spaces in their apartments. This paper is based on a methodology that combines ethnographic building analysis, discourse analysis, architectural theory, and building science. Most of the fieldwork data−including home visits and interviews with residents and thermal experts−was collected in winter 2017-18, in the northern part of the non-heating zone of China, especially in the city of Chongqing. Our architectural view of heating in the non-heating zone perceives buildings as agents that mediate between the macro- and the micro-scale, between the North and South, and between inside and outside.

Modelling cellphone trace travel mode with neural networks using transit smartcard and home interview survey data

This study proposes a framework to impute travel mode for trips identified from cellphone traces by developing a deep neural network model. In our framework, we use the trips from a home interview survey and transit smartcard data, for which the travel mode is known, to create a set of artificial pseudo-cellphone traces. The generated artificial pseudo-cellphone traces with known mode are then used to train a deep neural network classifier. We further apply the trained model to infer travel modes for the cellphone traces from cellular network data. The empirical case study region is Montevideo, Uruguay, where high-quality data are available for all three types of data used in the analysis: a large dataset of cellphone traces, a large dataset of public transit smartcard transactions, and a small household travel survey. The results can be used to create an enhanced representation of origin-destination trip-making in the region by time of day and travel mode.

Updating of a Travel Demand Model Based on Fuel Consumption Data

Traditional methods like Home Interview Survey (HIS) used for estimation of travel demand in an urban area are not only costly and time-consuming, but also suffer from problems like sample bias, significant no-response rate, and data coding errors. In addition, such data collection processes still need to be updated on a continuous basis. Due to the above issues, there is a need for the use of more accurate secondary big data sources for the estimation of travel demand, such as mobile call records, mobile/GPS navigation data, travel smart card, and fuel smart card data.Development of travel demand forecasting models (TDFM)s based on up-to-date variables can help decision-makers achieve efficient solutions to the sudden transport problems, highlighting the need for new tools and methods that are comparatively cheaper, yet more accurate and more efficient. Nevertheless, the validity assessment of combined revealed and stated preference (RP and SP) data for analysis purposes often becomes a complicated task.This study tries to offer an improved and efficient alternative to the conventional and tedious data instruments, like HIS, for the development of a TDFM, where the big data collected through the fuel smart cards (7.5 million records of refueling data), as well as water and electricity consumption data, are used for examining travel demand patterns in the city of Shiraz in Iran. Coupled with other information technologies, smart fuel card data can provide an alternative replacement to the conventional time-consuming transport planning surveys. The large dataset of all the 64 fuel stations, amounting to 7.5 million refueling records for 61 days, was analyzed in this study, and valuable information was obtained that correlated well with traffic parameters for the city.

Prevalence of Sarcopenic Obesity and its Association with Functionality, Lifestyle, Biomarkers and Morbidities in Older Adults: the FIBRA-RJ Study of Frailty in Older Brazilian Adults

OBJECTIVES:To assess the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity and its association with functionality, lifestyle, biomarkers, and morbidities in older adults.METHODS:The study analyzed cross-sectional data from 270 older adults who participated in phase III of the Frailty in Brazilian Older People Study (Fragilidade em Idosos Brasileiros—Rio de Janeiro, FIBRA-RJ study-2013). They took part in a home interview surveying socioeconomic, demographic, lifestyle, morbidities, and functional data. Blood was collected for biochemical marker analysis and participants’ body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. For women, the diagnosis of sarcopenic obesity was defined at a body fat percentage ≥38% and appendicular skeletal muscle mass index (ASMMI) <5.45 kg/m2. For men, a fat percentage ≥27% and ASMMI <7.26 kg/m2 was defined as sarcopenic obesity. Multivariate analysis was performed using a multinomial regression model (95% confidence intervals), with sarcopenic obesity as the outcome.RESULTS:The prevalence of sarcopenic obesity was 29.3%. In the final fitted model, the variables that displayed statistically significant association with sarcopenic obesity were lower gait speed, self-reported medical diagnosis of arthrosis or arthritis, and high levels of glycemia.CONCLUSION:The study showed a high prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in non-institutionalized older adults in Brazil. The finding that this condition was associated with modifiable risk factors may provide insights into measures directed at prevention and reduction of the risk of sarcopenic obesity in this population subgroup.

Association between husband support and compliance with post-cryotherapy requirements among mothers in Tabanan District, Bali

Background and purpose: Cervical cancer is a major global health problem for women, with most of cases occurring in developing countries. Visual inspection with acetic acid (VIA) is one method for screening precancerous cervical lesions which can then be followed up with cryotherapy. The success of cryotherapy is influenced by many factors including maternal compliance to meet the clinical requirements after cryotherapy. This study aims to determine the association between husband's support and mother's compliance with post-cryotherapy requirements. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 142 mothers with positive VIA test results and had received cryotherapy in six Tabanan public health centers (PHCs) consisting of four PHCs in urban areas and two PHCs in rural areas. All mothers who underwent cryotherapy during 2017 were selected as samples. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews in each respondent's home using a questionnaire. The information collected was four post-cryotherapy requirements consisting of sexual abstinence, on schedule follow-up examinations, finishing the entire antibiotic regimen, not using topical vaginal medication and husband's support. Husband's support was measured by 11 questions including social, psychological and environmental supports. Bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed with chi-square test and logistic regression respectively. Results: This study shows that only 39.4% of respondents were compliant to meet the four post cryotherapy requirements. As many as 32.4% of mothers had sex within 4 weeks after cryotherapy and 40.1% did not have the follow up examinations on schedule. Husband's support was significantly associated with maternal compliance in the form of asking about respondent’s health condition with AOR=6.658 (95%CI: 1.794-24.702) and not asking for coitus with AOR=4.151 (95%CI: 1.491-11.556). Conclusion: Mother's compliance in carrying out the four requirements after cryotherapy remains low and the husband's support has a role in increasing maternal compliance. Education about post cryotherapy requirements needs to be improved including involving the role of the husband.

Sibling dynamics in adolescence predict young adult orientations to couple relationships: A dyadic approach

IntroductionAdolescents' sibling relationships may serve as a training ground for couple relationships given their similar features, including companionship, closeness and role structure. This study used a dyadic approach to examine sibling intimacy and control in adolescence as predictors of young adults' couple relationship orientations (attachment avoidance and anxiety and attitudes toward marriage). Additionally, research documenting the significance of an other-sex sibling for adolescents’ romantic competence guided tests of sibling dyad sex constellation as a moderator of links between sibling relationships and couple relationship orientations in our predominantly heterosexual sample of youth. MethodFirstborns and secondborns from 151 families (Time 1 ages M = 16.42, SD = 0.79 and M = 13.83, SD = 1.14, respectively) reported on their sibling relationships in three annual home interviews and on their couple relationship orientations in web surveys ten years after Time 1. ResultsEstimating actor-partner interdependence models revealed negative effects of sibling intimacy and positive effects of control toward sibling on avoidant attachment, and positive effects of control toward and by sibling on anxious attachment. Sex constellation moderated the interaction effects of the two siblings' intimacy reports on attitudes toward marriage: Mutual high intimacy among mixed-sex dyads predicted more positive attitudes; among same-sex dyads, adolescents' own intimacy compensated for siblings’ lower intimacy in predicting positive attitudes toward marriage. Findings emerged with parent marital love controlled. ConclusionFindings suggest long-term effects of sibling relationships on couple relationship orientations and demonstrate the benefits of using dyadic approaches to examine the implications of sibling relationships.

Prevalence of falls in elderly people: a population based study

The occurrence of falls is related to a complex interaction of risk factors, aggravated by aging. This research aimed to investigate the occurrence of falls in the elderly, as well as to identify the risk factors for this event. A cross-sectional, population-based study conducted in a municipality in the extreme south of Brasil. Probabilistic sampling was used, the sample unit being the census tracts. Data were collected through home interviews. The research was approved by the research ethics committee. This study was performed using a sample of 211 elderly individuals. The prevalence of falls was 28.9% (95% CI 22.8 to 35.0). (P = 0.01), living alone (p = 0.04), self-perception of regular or poor health (p = 0.03), and obesity (p= 0.01). We found that approximately one in three elderly individuals fell in the last year.

Methodology of the National Health and Nutrition Survey for localities with less than 100 000 inhabitants (Ensanut 100k)

To describe the methodological design of the National Health and Nutrition Survey in localities with less than 100 000 inhabitants (Ensanut 100k). The Ensanut 100k is a probabilistic survey that over-represents households with less economic capabilities. This paper describes the scope of the survey, sampling procedures, measurement and inference and logistics organization. 10 461 home interviews and 26 161 individual interviews were obtained. The household response rate was 89 and 92% from individuals. The probabilistic design of the Ensanut 100k allows to make valid statistical inferences about parameters of interest for public health in localities with less than 100 000 inhabitants, localities where 52% of the population lives according to the 2010 census. The comparability of the results with the Ensanut 2012 faci- litates the assessment of the government's support actions to populations with lower economic capacities in the period 2012-2018.

Combined Impact of Traditional and Nontraditional Healthy Behaviors on Frailty and Disability: A Prospective Cohort Study of Older Adults

ObjectivesTo assess the short- and long-term association of 6 healthy behaviors (not smoking, vigorous to moderate physical activity, healthy diet, adequate sleeping duration, not being sedentary, and daily social interaction) with incident frailty and disability. DesignProspective population-based study. Settings and ParticipantsIn 2001, 4008 community-dwelling individuals aged ≥60 years in Spain were recruited. Participants were followed up until 2003, when a short-term phone interview of the remaining 3235 individuals was performed. Then, the participants were followed up until 2009, when a long-term phone interview was conducted with 1309 participants. MeasuresAt baseline, a home interview and a physical examination were conducted to assess healthy behaviors. At baseline and at follow-ups, we ascertained frailty and 4 domains of disability: limitation in instrumental activities of daily living, restriction in daily activities, limitation in mobility, and self-care limitation. ResultsIn the short-term analyses, vigorous to moderate physical activity and not being sedentary were associated with a reduction in frailty, multivariable odds ratios (OR) (95% confidence interval) 0.55 (0.35-0.85) and 0.43 (0.26-0.72). Vigorous to moderate physical activity and adequate sleeping duration decreased instrumental activities of daily living limitation OR 0.63 (0.44–0.91) and 0.69 (0.53–0.89) as well as self-care limitation OR 0.62 (0.41–0.92) and 0.65 (0.45-0.94). Adequate sleep duration and not being sedentary decreased restriction in daily activities OR 0.67 (0.49–0.90) and 0.57 (0.36–0.91). Vigorous to moderate physical activity and healthy diet decreased limitation in mobility OR 0.58 (0.35–0.96) and 0.73 (0.54–0.97). Considering these 5 healthy behaviors, participants who scored 5 (vs ≤ 2) in the combined score had a lower risk of frailty and disability. In the long-term analyses, results showed the same direction as in short-term analyses. Conclusions and ImplicationsThe combination of healthy behaviors is associated with a substantial reduction in the risk of frailty and of most disability outcomes in older adults.

Sex-specific characteristics associated with the elevated triglyceride to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio in a population-based study

AimsEvidence suggests that changes in the ratio of triglycerides to HDL-c (TG/HDL-c) predict metabolic and cardiovascular diseases, but the factors that might be associated with TG/HDL-c and whether they would be different between men and women are still unknown. We aimed to identify the sex-specific variables associated with TG/HDL-c in adults. MethodsThis cross-sectional population-based study investigated 1603 adults not taking lipid-lowering medication. Sociodemographic characteristics were obtained in a home interview. Blood lipids were measured in participants instructed to fast for at least 10 h. Anthropometric parameters were obtained using standard methods. ResultsTG/HDL-c increases in men towards the higher educational categories, while in women, it decreases in those with a higher educational level. Additionally, TG/HDL-c was higher in the highest socioeconomic class in men but lower in women. In men, age, overweight/obesity, sedentary behavior, and those with higher educational levels were independently associated with high TG/HDL-c (4th quartile). In women, however, overweight/obesity, hypertension, diabetes and tobacco smoking were associated with higher TG/HDL-c, while brown and black women presented lower chances of having a high TG/HDL-c than that of white women. ConclusionsMen and women have different characteristics that are associated with a higher TG/HDL-c, highlighting the need for individualized approaches for preventing cardiometabolic diseases based on sex-specific differences in the TG/HDL-c.

2865 Acid Suppressants and Erosive Tooth Wear: An Analysis of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Data

INTRODUCTION: Antacids and acid suppressants (i.e., proton pump inhibitors and histamine2-blockers) are commonly used by individuals with heartburn and gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Frequent heartburn and breakthrough symptoms of GERD have been shown to contribute to dental complications. The aim of this study is to compare the likelihood of erosive tooth wear (ETW) among users of antacids or acid suppressants. METHODS: We used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, 2003-2004) to identify a nationally representative sample of adults (age ≥ 18) who underwent an oral health exam by trained dental examiners. Self-reports of use of antacids and prescribed acid suppressants were collected by trained personnel during a home interview and used to classify individuals into groups. Erosive tooth wear was defined in NHANES using Smith and Knight's Tooth Wear Index modified by Millward, et al., which rates the severity of ETW from 0 (sound tooth surface) to 3 (complete loss of enamel). Erosive tooth wear was evaluated for 40 tooth surfaces; 24 proximal (facial or incisal) and 16 distal (lingual or occlusal) surfaces. Erosions were categorized based on location and severity. We used weighted linear and logistic regression to compare means and estimate the prevalence of erosions for each group. Estimates were adjusted for age, sex, and race/ethnicity. RESULTS: NHANES ETW data were available for 4,414 adults; antacid users (n = 595), acid suppressant users (n = 386), and non-users (n = 3,433). The mean number of assessable tooth surfaces varied between groups (P &gt; 0.001). Erosive tooth wear was more prevalent among those who reported the use of antacids or acid suppressants compared with non-users, however the difference was not statistically significant (P = 0.06). The percent of patients with ETW on at least one distal tooth surface was higher for antacid and acid suppressant users (P = 0.01). In addition, acid suppressant users had a higher prevalence of extensive tooth wear (P = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Individuals using antacids or acid suppressants (potentially for control of acid-reflux symptoms) are associated with a higher rate of dental complications, as suggested by the prevalence of erosions on distal tooth surfaces. In addition, extensive erosions were more common among users of acid suppressants than non-users. Emphasizing the importance of following recommendations from the American Dental Association for routine dental care may be particularly important for these individuals.

Medication use and climacteric syndrome: a cross-sectional population-based study.

The aim of this study was to evaluate medication use during the climacteric period and assess its association with sociodemographic factors, morbidities, and climacteric symptoms. Secondary analysis of data from a previous exploratory cross-sectional population-based study, conducted with 749 women (45-60 y), with the help of home interviews. Associations between medication use and climacteric symptoms were analyzed, and their correlations with other variables were made. Univariate analysis was made using the χ test, followed by Bonferroni correction (multiple comparison method). Values were adjusted for age using the polytomic logistic multivariate regression analysis. Using Poisson regression analysis, simple and multiple, we identified the main factors for medication use, with forward stepwise variable selection criteria (95% CI). The mean age was 52.5 years and menopause occurred at 46.5 years (mean). The overall prevalence of medication use was 68.8%. The use of exclusive medications for relieving climacteric symptoms was associated with the absence of diseases (prevalence ratio [PR] = 8.2; 95% CI = 3.5-18.9; P<0.001) and menopause onset between 40 and 44 years (PR = 4.9; 95% CI = 2.0-11.9; P<0.001). Polypharmacy was associated with the highest number of diseases (PR = 10.6; 95% CI = 4.6-24.2; P<0.001) and somatic Menopause Rating Scale (MRS) score >3 (PR = 1.4; 95% CI = 1.01-1.96; P = 0.044). The prevalence of medication use among middle-aged women was high and was associated with the age of menopause onset, chronic diseases, and obesity/overweight status.

FAKTOR RISIKO MORBIDITAS MATERNAL: DILIHAT ASPEK KUALITAS GENDER

ABSTRACT&#x0D; Maternal mortality was an iceberg phenomenon caused by maternal morbidity. Maternal morbidity during pregnancy was highest in developing countries. Economic, social and cultural factors has an important role in complications of pregnancy until the death of the mother. Gender inequality in which the many roles that women have to do with men was considered an obligation of even the nature of women and often lacks protection at work even the productive role of women was less valued than the productive role of men, which causes a high incidence of complications during pregnancy, maternity and childbirth. The study aimed to analyze the effect of quality on maternal morbidity. The research design used case control with 60 cases and 60 control samples. The data used were primary data obtained through home visits and interview techniques. After that the data is analyzed by logistic regression test. The results showed that gender quality in the poor category was 17,864 times at risk of causing maternal morbidity (OR = 17,864; 95% CI = 6,021-53,001; Pvalue = 0,000). Maternal morbidity was related to women's heavy workload in managing the household and also have to make a living to cover the shortage of household income so that the working time is longer per day. The heavy workload without the husband's efforts to help reduce the workload of the mother indirectly encourages the vulnerability of the mother's body during pregnancy. Gender equality as an effort to improve gender quality has an effect on reducing the incidence of maternal morbidity. Health workers are expected to socialize about gender quality during pregnancy and increase the role of husbands in maternal health during pregnancy to postpartum.

Longitudinal Links between Expressivity and African American Parent-Adolescent Relationships: A Dyadic Approach

Parents’ and youth’s personality qualities are associated with parent-child relationships. Given that gender shapes the organization and structure of family life, gender typed personality qualities may also have implications for relationships between parents and children. We examined longitudinal linkages between expressivity, a gender typed personality quality, and parent-child warmth and conflict in a sample of African American families and tested if parental stress moderated these associations. Data came from mothers, fathers, and two adolescent-aged siblings (53% girls) from 185 families who participated in a three-year longitudinal study. In home interviews, parents and youth rated their own expressive qualities and perceptions of their relationship. Mothers and fathers also reported their family and work-related stress. Results from Actor-Partner Interdependence Models showed that youth’s expressivity positively predicted their own and their parents’ perceptions of relationship warmth and negatively predicted their own and their parents’ perceptions of conflict. Mothers’ expressivity positively predicted their own and youth’s perceptions of warmth and fathers’ expressivity positively predicted only their own perceptions of warmth. Parents’ expressivity was unrelated to conflict. Parental stress moderated the expressivity parent-youth relationship linkages differently for mothers and fathers. Youth’s expressivity more strongly predicted maternal warmth among mothers who experienced low versus high stress. Youth’s expressivity predicted lower conflict among fathers who experienced high stress. Findings underscore the utility of moving beyond biological sex to examine the role of gender typed qualities in parent-child relationships during adolescence, as well as the contexts in which those processes are embedded.

The German Twin Family Panel (TwinLife).

The German Twin Family Panel (TwinLife) is a German longitudinal study of monozygotic and dizygotic same-sex twin pairs and their families that was designed to investigate the development of social inequalities over the life course. The study covers an observation period from approximately 2014 to 2023. The target population of the sample are reared-together twins of four different age cohorts that were born in 2009/2010 (cohort 1), in 2003/2004 (cohort 2), in 1997/1998 (cohort 3) and between 1990 and 1993 (cohort 4). In the first wave, the study included data on 4097 twin families. Families were recruited in all parts of Germany so that the sample comprises the whole range of the educational, occupational and income structure. As of 2019, two face-to-face, at-home interviews and two telephone interviews have been conducted. Data from the first home and telephone interviews are already available free of charge as a scientific use-file from the GESIS data archive. This report aims to provide an overview of the study sample and design as well as constructs that are unique in TwinLife in comparison with previous twin studies - such as an assessment of cognitive abilities or information based on the children's medical records and report cards. In addition, major findings based on the data already released are displayed, and future directions of the study are presented and discussed.