Held Faculty Positions Research Articles

Differential Time-To-Promotion Trajectories Among Female and Male Neurosurgeons Contribute to Gender Disparities in Academic Rank Achievement

Despite the increasing representation of females in neurosurgical training, the fraction of female to male neurosurgeons decreases dramatically as faculty rank (Assistant, Associate, or Full Professor) increases. To assess this discrepancy, we quantified self-reported time-to-promotion trajectories for female and male neurosurgeons holding academic appointments. In this cross-sectional institutional review board (IRB)-approved study, 147 female and 84 male neurosurgeons currently holding faculty positions in the US were contacted via email and invited to complete an anonymous, standardized survey. Respondents provided the calendar year of postgraduate training completion, promotion to different faculty ranks, geographic region of current practice (Western, Midwest, Southern, Northeast), and practice subspecialty. The response rate was 44.2% for females and 59.5% for males, with 114 participants included (65 female, 49 male). On average, female neurosurgeons required 25% longer to become an Associate Professor (P= 0.017), 34% longer to become a Full Professor (P= 0.004), 37% longer for promotion from Assistant to Associate Professor (P < 0.001), and 32% longer from Assistant to Full Professor (P= 0.012). Promotion timelines did not vary by region or specialty among male and female cohorts. Linear regressions revealed that female neurosurgeons with more recent training completion experienced shorter time-to-promotion to Associate and Full Professor compared to females of earlier generations (P= 0.005 and 0.001, respectively), while male timelines remained stable. This study identifies a significant delay in time-to-promotion for female neurosurgeons compared to their male counterparts. Investigation and standardization of promotion timelines are necessary to ensure meaningful representation gains from the increased number of women entering neurosurgical training.

Victor Percy Snaith, 1944–2021

AbstractVictor Snaith was born in Colchester, Essex, on 15 March 1944 and passed away in Bristol on 3 July 2021 at the age of 77. He completed his PhD at the University of Warwick in 1969 under the supervision of Luke Hodgkin. He held faculty positions in Canada, at the University of Western Ontario (1976–88) and McMaster University (1988–98), and became a leading figure in the Canadian mathematical research community during that time. He was named a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 1984, and held the first Britton Professorship at McMaster University. He returned to the United Kingdom in 1998, to professorships at the University of Southampton (1998–2004) and the University of Sheffield (2004–2009) from where he retired in 2009. He was an active member of the Heilbronn Institute from 2006 until the time of his passing. Snaith made significant research contributions in various areas, including the Snaith splitting theorem in stable homotopy theory, the introduction of the Bott periodic form of algebraic K‐theory, and the explicit Brauer induction theorem with its applications in algebraic number theory. He is survived by his wife Carolyn, son Dan, and daughters Anna and Nina.

Introducing the Upcoming Special Series “Queer Politics &amp; Positionalities in Sonic Art”

Essay| March 01 2023 Introducing the Upcoming Special Series “Queer Politics & Positionalities in Sonic Art” Charles Eppley Charles Eppley Charles Eppley (they/he) is an assistant teaching professor of Interdisciplinary Art & Performance (IAP) at Arizona State University. They teach and research the intersections of sound, disability, and techno-material culture from an interdisciplinary art history and media studies perspective. They are currently working on a book on the politics of listening in postwar art, focusing on the sound artist Max Neuhaus (1939–2009). They previously held faculty positions in media studies and art history at the University of California at Riverside and Oberlin College, as well as research posts at the MIT Media Lab, Experiments in Art & Technology (E.A.T.) at Nokia Bell Labs, and the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science. Charles currently serves as a co-editor and research coordinator for the Mellon and Ford foundation–funded Proclaiming Disability Arts initiative at the Center for Disability Studies at New York University. They are also a member of the artist collectives Remote Access and Cybernetics Library, where they help to design participatory public programs on disability and digital culture. Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Resonance (2023) 4 (1): 6–12. https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2023.4.1.6 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Charles Eppley; Introducing the Upcoming Special Series “Queer Politics & Positionalities in Sonic Art”. Resonance 1 March 2023; 4 (1): 6–12. doi: https://doi.org/10.1525/res.2023.4.1.6 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentResonance Search What is queer listening? Can sound be queer? Both questions are illogical. Being queer does not completely define how a person hears sound and interprets the worlds that it creates. Sound is also a mechanical force that produces physical vibrations in the ears and renders psychoacoustic phenomena in the minds of listeners. Sound cannot be queer because it is not a person, and as such it has neither sexuality nor gender. But are we satisfied by these answers? Do they really account for the complex ways that queerness resonates through sound across the social constructs of gender and sexuality? Perhaps there is more to say, and more for which to listen. The upcoming special series of Resonance, “Queer Politics & Positionalities in Sonic Art,” opens discursive space for critical reflection and creative expression on this essay’s opening questions. We don’t intend or desire to answer them definitively. Nor do... You do not currently have access to this content.

PARTNERING THROUGH IT: CONFRONTING THE INSTITUTIONAL CHALLENGES FACING DUAL-CAREER ACADEMIC COUPLES

Purpose: Meeting the needs of dual-career academic couples can be an important step in recruiting and retaining university faculty and researchers. The goal of this essay is to review the existing scholarship on dual-career hires and offer concrete recommendations for university administrators. Background/Motivation: Attending to dual-career needs is especially relevant to efforts at diversifying the academic workforce, as multiple studies have indicated that faculty appointments are a major contributor to the so-called leaky pipeline causing attrition of women and scholars of color, particularly in biomedical and STEM fields. We take it as a feminist imperative to confront institutional discrimination against dual-career scholars and to intervene in the service of collective praxis. Intended Audience: Scholars and administrators interested in understanding and overcoming institutional barriers to achieving diverse, inclusive, and family-friendly academic workplaces. Contribution: This essay synthesizes the recent literature on dual-career hires and offers recommendations for university administrators. Positionality: We approach this issue as a senior academic couple that has navigated dual-career job searches for close to twenty years and has held faculty positions together at three different academic institutions. We are a white, hetero dual-career academic couple interested in developing resources for individuals striving to activate change at their universities.

Sherwin Carlquist (1930-2021) - A Botanical Luminary

Sherwin Carlquist (1930–2021) was an internationally respected and distinguished botanist who held faculty positions in botany at California Botanic Garden, Claremont Graduate University and Pomona College between 1956 and 1992. His legacy includes major scholarly contributions to plant systematics, plant anatomy, especially wood anatomy, island biogeography, evolutionary and ecological reasoning, and a prolific publication record. A loose collection of paragraphs by those who interacted with him addresses Carlquist's tremendous botanical output, teaching, mentorship, scientific scholarship, and his roles as a colleague and friend.

An Interview with John M. Abowd

SummaryJohn M. Abowd is the Chief Scientist and Associate Director for Research and Methodology, US Census Bureau. He completed his AB in Economics at Notre Dame in 1973 and his PhD in Economics at University of Chicago in 1977 under Arnold Zellner. During his academic career, John has held faculty positions at Princeton, the University of Chicago, and, since 1987 at Cornell University where he is the Edmund Ezra Day Professor Emeritus of Economics, Statistics and Data Science. John was trained as a statistician and labor economist, and his economic research has focused on the rigorous empirical evaluation of labor market institutions. In the late 1990s, he began working with the Census Bureau on projects that would end up leveraging administrative and survey records into official statistical products. Through that work, he has developed a research agenda focused on issues necessary to generate those products, including data privacy, synthetic data, total error analysis, data linkage, and missing data problems, among others.

Men in Nursing Academia: Factors Associated With Recruitment and Retention.

Currently, there is a shortage of males holding faculty positions in schools of nursing. Minimal research has been conducted to address the shortage of male faculty. The purpose of this study was to identify factors related to recruitment and retention of men in the faculty role. In this multisite descriptive design, 242 male faculty completed the electronic Nurse Educator Recruitment and Retention Survey. Top strategies regarding attraction to the role were opportunity to work with students and to help shape the nursing profession, and nurse faculty role modeling. Top recruitment strategies were increased salaries, employee benefits, having discussions with students, and flexibility in working hours. Retention strategies reported were a positive work environment and support from administration. The factors identified from this study are essential for the recruitment and retention of men in faculty roles.

Mentorship and creativity: Effects of mentor creativity and mentoring style

This paper examines mentorship as a mechanism for individuals to acquire and develop creativity. More specifically, we study the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity and how this effect is moderated by the mentoring styles of autonomy and exploration. Our empirical analysis focuses on formal PhD supervision and training, drawing on survey and bibliometric data for 143 life-science professors (mentors) and their 685 PhD students (protégés). We find that the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity is insignificant during protégés’ PhD studies but becomes significantly positive after protégés hold faculty positions, suggesting that the mentorship effect takes time to manifest but is enduring. Furthermore, the effect of mentor creativity on protégé creativity is significant only when protégés have high levels of autonomy and exploration during PhD studies. This suggests the importance of autonomy and exploration in the effective transfer of creativity from mentors to protégés.

Policy Dialogue: Online Education as Space and Place

AbstractThe rise of online learning over the past few decades has raised fundamental questions about the kinds of “spaces” and “places” this mode of education creates. Do they support meaningful exchanges? Can they advance educational equity, access, and community-building? Are they comparable to in-person classroom experiences? The recent COVID pandemic and the global turn toward virtual learning in response have brought such questions into sharp relief. These were the questions and contextual factors that brought distinguished historian Carroll Pursell and international educational technology authority Toru Iiyoshi together for this policy dialogue. Their conversation takes readers on a wide-ranging discussion about the interplay between education, technology, and society writ large. And they offer insights into the past, present, and likely future of education in an era of accelerating technological change.Carroll Pursell is the Adeline Barry Davee Distinguished Professor of History (Emeritus) at Case Western Reserve University and Distinguished Honorary Professor of History at the Australian National University. He held faculty positions at the University of California at Santa Barbara and served as the Andrew W. Mellon Distinguished Professor of the Humanities at Lehigh University. Pursell is a fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS), and former president of both the International Committee for the History of Technology (ICOHTEC) and the Society for the History of Technology (SHOT), which also awarded him its Leonardo da Vinci Medal for outstanding contributions to the history of technology.Toru Iiyoshi is professor and director at the Center for the Promotion of Excellence in Higher Education at Kyoto University. Previously, he was a senior scholar and director of the Knowledge Media Laboratory at the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching. He also served as senior strategist in the Office of Educational Innovation and Technology at Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Iiyoshi is a member of the World Economic Forum's Global Agenda Council on Technology and Education and past recipient of the Outstanding Practice Award in Instructional Development and the Robert M. Gagne Award for Research in Instructional Design from the Association for Educational Communications and Technology.HEQPolicy Dialogues are, by design, intended to promote an informal, free exchange of ideas between scholars. At the end of the exchange, we offer a list of references to readers who wish to follow up on sources relevant to the discussion.

Editorial introductions

Editorial introductions

Characteristics of cardiac catheterization laboratory directors at the 2017 U.S. News & World Report top 100 U.S. cardiovascular hospitals.

The cardiac catheterization laboratory (CCL) is a focal point for cardiovascular programs and the CCL director represents the key personnel. We outline profiles of CCL directors at the 2017 U.S. News & World Report top 100 U.S. cardiovascular hospitals. Using hospital websites, LinkedIn, Healthgrades, Medicare Provider Utilization and Payment Data 2017, and Scopus, we described CCL directors (in 2017) by age, gender, years since medical graduation, international medical school graduate (IMG) status, academic rank, provider clinical focus, and Hirsch (h)-index. Nearly all CCL directors were male (97%). The median age (interquartile range [IQR]) was 53 (49-61) years and median (IQR) years since medical school graduation was 28 (23-35) years. Over a third of CCL directors (39.4%) were IMGs and 38.4% had completed fellowship training at the same facility where they were CCL director. The median (IQR) h-index was 11 (6-22). Of the 69.7% CCL directors who held faculty positions, 60.9% were professors and 30.4% were associate professors. From Medicare data, 45.5% performed only percutaneous coronary interventions, 41.4% performed structural interventions, 3.0% peripheral interventions, and 2.0% performed both structural and peripheral. CCL directors at the top 25 hospitals had higher h-indexes, and more likely to have completed fellowship training at their own institution. There are very few women CCL directors at the top U.S. cardiovascular hospitals. A third of the CCL directors were IMGs. A significant proportion of CCL directors primarily performed structural interventions and trained at the same institution, more so at the top 25 hospitals.

Atop the Shoulders of Students: The Hidden Costs of Academic Entrepreneurship

This paper examines the impact of exposure to an advisor engaged in entrepreneurship on the innovative output of their advisees. Using a unique sample of advisors and advisees in computer sciences and engineering at a top US research university, we assess variation in PhD students’ innovative and career outcomes before and after research faculty transitions into entrepreneurship. We address concerns associated with sorting by examining factors determining an advisor-advisee match. We further apply an instrumental variable approach to address the potential endogeneity of entrepreneurial activity. Our results suggest that although starting a company only slightly impacts professors' own productivity, exposure to an advisor engaged in entrepreneurship has a substantial negative influence on PhD student publication during and after completion of the PhD program. Further, we find that exposed students are more likely to become entrepreneurs upon graduation, less likely to have their first position at a prestigious firm, and less likely to hold faculty positions. We provide evidence that these results are unlikely to be driven by selection on observable quality characteristics or reduced mentoring, but more likely a result of managerial changes. Overall, this paper takes an important step towards understanding the consequences of entrepreneurship for scientific productivity and the development of human capital providing broader implications for the organization of science and management research.

Evaluation of "Stop the Bleed" training among K-12 faculty and staff in Alabama.

To evaluate "Stop the Bleed" (STB) training among/K12 personnel in an Alabama school system, and to assess participants' perceived readiness to train peers in STB methods. We performed a cross-sectional observational study with a convenience, nonprobability sample of 466 full-time personnel who received STB training. Data were collected using an anonymous online survey. We asked participants to recall feelings related to STB both prior to and after completing training using a 5-point Likert scale (5="Strongly Disagree", 1="Strongly Agree"). We used logistic regression to evaluate the association among posttraining feelings and perceived preparedness to train others in STB. Participants were primarily female (78%), aged 41±10years, who held faculty positions (94%). Results revealed increased knowledge of (4 [IQR 2-4] vs. 2 [1-2], p<.001) and comfort with (4 [2-5] vs. 2 [1-2], p<.001) STB skills. Participants felt more empowered to organize STB training (4 [3-5] vs. 3 [2-4], p<.001); those who felt empowered to organize STB training were eight times more likely to feel capable of teaching STB. After STB training, K-12 personnel felt empowered to organize additional STB trainings and capable of teaching STB methods to others.

Brief Amici Curiae of Scholars of Law, History, Bioethics, Gender, and Sexuality in Good v. Iowa Dept of Human Resources

Iowa Medicaid rules ban payment for gender confirming surgery even when it is medically necessary to treat gender dysphoria. Amici curiae are scholars, teachers, and legal clinicians who hold faculty positions at colleges and universities in the State of Iowa, and who have expertise in the fields of law, history, bioethics, gender, or sexuality. They submit this brief to assist the Iowa Supreme Court by providing information about the nature of discrimination against transgender people in Iowa and the United States; to provide additional current knowledge about the proper understanding of and treatment for gender dysphoria; to offer arguments beyond those made by petitioners-appellees about why the Iowa Department of Human Services Rule banning gender affirming surgeries violates the Iowa constitution; and to discuss the history of this Court’s dynamic and principled approach to Iowa’s constitutional equality guarantees.

A Conversation with Tom Louis

Thomas A. Louis received his BA in Mathematics from Dartmouth College in 1966 and his Ph.D. in Mathematical Statistics from Columbia University in 1972. He served as a NIH Postdoctoral Fellow at Imperial College, London, from 1972–1973 and has held faculty positions at Boston University, Harvard School of Public Health, the University of Minnesota and the Bloomberg School of Public Health at Johns Hopkins University. In addition, he served as a Senior Statistical Scientist at the RAND Corporation, and as Associate Director for Research and Methodology and Chief Scientist at the U.S. Census Bureau. Tom has served as President of both the Eastern North American Region of the International Biometric Society and as President of the International Biometric Society. He is a Fellow of the American Statistical Association, the American Association for the Advancement of Science and the Institute of Mathematical Statistics. As of January 2018, Tom is Emeritus Professor, Department of Biostatistics, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University. In addition to his many statistical accomplishments, Tom is a strong advocate for professional development and a life-long lover of time on the water.

Obligation for transparency regarding treating physician credentials at academic health centres

Academic health centres have historically treated patients with the most complex of diseases, served as training grounds to teach the next generations of physicians and fostered an innovative environment for...

The complexity of cross-sector healthcare teams

Dr Shannon Sibbald is a health systems researcher specializing in implementation science, the study of factors that affect the implementation and success of new practices, as well as interprofessional teamwork in healthcare settings. She also spends time teaching students in the Masters of Public Health program and has held faculty positions in the Department of Family Medicine, Schulich Interfaculty Program of Public Health, and School of Health Studies since 2013. We were able to sit down with Dr Sibbald for our interview to discuss her work in health systems and policy.

Musical Theater Songs

Musical Theater Songs [Brooklyn, NY]: Musical Theater Songs, 2013-. http://www.musicaltheatersongs.com (Accessed 4 January 2017). [Requires a Web browser and an Internet connection. Institutional subscription pricing is based on full time enrollment and the total number of full time music and theater faculty and students. Individual subscriptions are S29 per month or $79 per year.] Introduction Musical Theater Songs currently indexes 11,000 songs front 150 years of the musical theater repertoire and continues to grow. In addition to all of the well-known standards, it includes rare finds from shows that had limited runs or that closed out of town. The purpose of Musical Theater Songs is to help performers, students, and teachers find songs, discover new repertoire, and locate sheet music and recordings. Steven Gross, the founder and CEO of Musical Theater Songs, created the index to streamline the process of finding repertoire. This process once required searching multiple catalogs and multiple scores, which cut into the valuable time that could be spent actually preparing for auditions. Gross began cataloging theater scores for his own use, and this ultimately led to the creation of Musical Theater Songs in 2013. According to Gross's biography on the Musical Theater Songs site, the founder has over twenty years of experience working on Broadway and the West End as a music director, conductor, pianist, sub, and vacation conductor. He earned a Doctor of Musical Arts in Conducting from Yale University and has held faculty positions in musical theater at Baldwin Wallace University and Coastal Carolina University (http://musicaltheatersongs.com/about, accessed 27 January 2017). Searching In order to help users find the songs that are best suited for their needs, Musical Theater Songs allows for the selection of up to 20-plus search parameters. Despite this large number, the search interface is intuitive and easy to use. Basic search criteria include character's age, voice type, tempo, and tone (comedic and/or dramatic). More precise searches can be conducted by plugging in additional historical and/or musical criteria. These additional options include searching by composer, lyricist, song title, show title, decade or year (including a range), time signature, the original key, and the level of difficulty for the accompanist. Users can select a voice range on a pop-up piano keyboard, and even have the option to select the exact highest and/or lowest note that they would like to appear in the song. There are over one hundred descriptive tags that users can select as well, including various styles, accents, and themes. Finally, users also have the option to limit their searches to rarities that are seldom performed. While there is no browse function, users only need to select one search condition. Simply inputting the user's voice type will still yield a very large number of results that can then be browsed or sorted by title, show, composer, age range, voice type, tempo, or tone (comedic or dramatic). As of this writing, there are 1,800 songs for the soprano voice; 3,600 songs for the mezzo/belt/alto voice: 1,700 songs for the tenor voice; and 3,800 songs for the baritone/bass voice. Results To learn more about a song, users can click on the title in the results page to go to a song details page. …

Endogenous Retroviruses in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Avindra Nath speaks to Elena Conroy, Commissioning Editor: Avindra Nath received his MD degree from Christian Medical College in India in 1981 and completed a residency in neurology from University of Texas Health Science Center in Houston (TX, USA), followed by a fellowship in multiple sclerosis and neurovirology at the same institution and then a fellowship in neuro-AIDS at National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke. He held faculty positions at the University of Manitoba (1990–1997) (Canada) and the University of Kentucky (1997–2002) (USA). In 2002, he joined Johns Hopkins University (MD, USA) as Professor of Neurology and Director of the Division of Neuroimmunology and Neurological Infections. He joined NIH in 2011 as the Clinical Director of National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, the Director of the Translational Neuroscience Center and Chief of the Section of Infections of the Nervous System. His research focuses on understanding the pathophysiology of retroviral infections of the nervous system and the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for these diseases.

2015 Curt Stern Award Introduction: Leonid Kruglyak

I am pleased to introduce Leonid Kruglyak as this year’s winner of the Curt Stern Award. The Curt Stern Award honors the memory of an outstanding and pioneering human geneticist and is presented yearly for outstanding scientific achievements that occurred in human genetics during a 10 year period in a researcher’s career. Leonid began his career in science not as a geneticist, but rather as a physicist. He graduated with highest honors in physics from Princeton University in 1987. He then got his Ph.D. in biophysics from the University of California, Berkeley, in 1990 and studied theoretical physics at NATO. He followed that with a stint as a Whitehead fellow, when he finally saw the light and joined us in the world of genetics. Leonid has held faculty positions at the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Princeton University, and the University of California, Los Angeles, where he remains today. He is also a Howard Hughes Investigator. Needless to say, Leonid has won an extraordinary number of award and honors that cover pages of his CV. But rather than talk about all that, I’d rather tell you about his science. Leonid’s Kruglyak’s original and creative work has ranged broadly over linkage genetics, population genetics, and genomics and has drawn on experimental, mathematical, and computational approaches. The results in each area have had an extremely wide impact. His 1995 paper describing statistical standards for genome-wide linkage studies has been cited over 3,700 times and is the gold standard for interpreting putative evidence of linkage. His 1996 paper describing the program GENEHUNTER has been cited over 2,300 times. This paper was particularly important because it gave us a way to analyze human pedigrees for disease loci when no model was apparent—thus becoming the standard for nonparametric genetic mapping across human and model-organism fields. His 1999 paper on the number of SNPs needed for genome-wide association studies originally proved very controversial, but it has now been proved many times over and has laid the foundation for the HapMap project. Finally, his 2002 paper reporting the first experiment on genetics of global gene expression, and the papers that grew out of that work, have provided key insights into the genetic basis of complex traits, regulatory sequence variation, gene regulation, and the evolution of expression differences. For these and so many more reasons, he is this year’s winner of the Curt Stern Award.